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L I IF E 



<) V 



GENERAL ROBERT HATTON, 



INCLUDING 



HIS MOST IMPORTANT PUBLIC SPEECHES; 



TOGETHER, WITH MUCH OF HIS 



WASHINGTON & ARMY COMESPONDENCE, 



JAMES VAULX DRAKE. 



PUBLISHED FOR THE AUTHOR. 



xNASHVlLLE, TENN.: 't^' 
JIARSIIALL & BRUCE, -- No. 28 DEADERICK STREET. 



1867. 



^4 to 



Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1S()7, by 

J. V. DRAKE, 

]n tin; Clerk's Oflice of the District Court of the United States, for tlie Midilh' 

District of Tennessee. 



f ^U-o 



2^0 



DEDICATI ON. 



To 

The Friends who stood by him in prosperity, and forsook 
him not in adversity; 

To 

The People of Tennessee, generally, and the Youth especially ; 

Also, to 
His only, and dearly beloved son, 

Reilly Matton; 

And to my dearly beloved, little son, 
Samuel j^rancis Drake, 

The Life of 

G-eize'rcb'i l^oheTt Hcuttoiz, 

Is Respectfully and Affectionately 

DEDICATED, BV 

THE AUTHOR. 



PRE FACE. 



In attempting to write an outline of the life and character 
of the subject of tliis memoir, we feel encouraged at the 
thought, that however much we may fail, on our part, to do 
adequate justice to his memory, still the subject himself has 
such a hold on the public heart, as to ensure a lively interest 
in behalf of our effort, as well as a generous allowance for its 
many blemishes and imperfections. 

To one altogether unacquainted with General Hatton, a 
history of his life and character may not, at first glance, excite 
more than ordinary interest or casual notice ; but to those 
who knew him personally, who knew him well and favorably, 
from early boyhood to the sudden close of his short but valu- 
able life ; and especially, to those who had but heard of his 
name and rising fame, a brief, but authentic biography will, 
it is thought, not only be admissible, but acceptable, without 
distinction of parties. 

In writing and compiling the work, we have necessarily 
been hurried ; and, except the first chapter, have not re-written 
any of the matter embraced in these pages. 

We have included a number of his most important public 
speeches, made both in the General Assembly of Tennessee 
and the Congress of the United States, believing they will be. 



Vi PREFACE. 

not only interesting in themselves, to many, but will illustrate 
more clearly, his manner and stylo of oratory. 

His "Washington and Army Correspondence, embracing the 
most interesting portion of the work, will narrate, in detail, 
his career while in Congress and in the field. His Diary, kept 
while in Washington, giving an epitome of his acts, thoughts, 
observations and current events, is added also. 

For his early history, we are indebted to a number of his 
personal friends, among them, Dr. "W. G. Miller, to all of whom 
we hereby tender our acknowledgments. 

In appropriating any matter from pajDcrs, manuscripts, etc., 
we have, in nearly every instance, given proper credit. If we 
have failed to do so, it was because we did not know the source, 
or knowing, unintentionally omitted to give it. 

With these remarks, we commit our little work to the friends 
of him of whom we write, asking all who may be disposed to 
find fault or criticise, to write a book! Iliimanum est crrare. 

J. V. DEAKE. 

Near Lebanon, Tenn., May 31, 1867. 



CONTENTS. 



Preface v-vi 

Biography — Introduction ix-xi 

CHAPTER I. 
The Hatton Family — Birth of Robert Hatton — His early life, 

up to the time he enters College 1-16 

CHAPTER II. 
Course at College — Graduates in the Literary and Law 

Schools — A successful Lawyer 17-36 

CHAPTER IIL 
A member of the Tennessee Legislature — Efforts in behalf 

of Education and Internal Improvements 37-66 

CHAPTER IV. 
Advocates the Normal School Bill — Presidential Elector 67-99 

CHAPTER V. 

Nominee of the American Party, for Governor of Tennessee 

— His Letters and Speech 100-147 

CHAPTER VL 
Elected Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of I. 0. 0. F.— 

Elected to the United States Congress 148-171 

CHAPTER VIL 
Thirty-sixth Congress — His Diary — Letters — Speech on the 

Organization of the House 172-229 

yii 



CONTENTS. 



CHAPTER VIII. 
Diary and Letters, continued — Chairman of the House Com- 
mittee on Naval Expenditures — His Speech 230-295 

CHAPTER IX. 
Second Session of the Thirty-sixth Congress — Diary and Let- 
ters — Speech on the "State of the Union" — Efforts to 
preserve the Union 29G-348 

CHAPTER X. 
War between the North and the South — He falls, battling 

for the Confederate States 3J:9-427 



APPENDIX 



I. — My Impressions of the late General Hatton, by N. 

Lawrence Lindsley, L. L. D 431-433 

II. — Impressions of the late General Robert Hatton, by 

General Alex. P. Stewart 434-435 

III. — General Hatton's efforts to preserve the health of his 

men, by Dr. J. L. Fitc, 43.5-439 

IV. — Sketch of his Life and Character, by Rolfe S. Saunders,.. 439-446 

V. — Funeral Ceremonies, by Odd Fellows and Citizens, 44G-452 

VI.~Extract of Oration, by Adjutant G. A. Howard, 452-458 



BIOGRAPHY. 



INTRODUCTION. 

Biography is personal history. It is that species of history which 
describes the hfe and character of a particular person or individual. 
It usually begins with the birth, sometimes with the progenitors, of 
the individual forming the subject of the biography, and continues 
through the whole course of his or her life — narrating the important 
achievements, actions, services, virtues, etc., as well as the private 
and domestic relations of the person so described. It is an impor- 
tant bi'anch of history; and, where proper selections are made, with 
reference both to the character of the subjects, and their biogra- 
phers, becomes, not only interesting and pleasing, but instructive and 
improving — especially, to the young. 

The life and character of a truly great and good man, is a treasure 
to any people. Its perusal may prove to be pleasing and instructive 
to all ages; but it will more especially benefit the young. They will 
observe with interest, the many excellent qualities and traits of char- 
acter, which ennoble and adorn human nature, and which were ex- 
emplified in the life and actions of such a man. If, however, he have 
his foibles and imperfections, as all have, more or less, and his biog- 
rapher do his duty in pointing them out, and in warning his readers, 
particularly the young, against them, still, they will readily learn to 
approve the good, and condemn the bad — to avoid his errors, and 

emulate his virtues. But, if he be grossly immoral, and outrageously 
ix 



BIOGRAPHY. 



wicked — full of lusts and evil deeds — puffed up with an inordinate 
ambition — not having the fear of God before his eyes — ^his biography- 
may INTEREST the reader, but will not improve — at least the young. 
For, as little as we may, at first suspect it, we never do, or think, evil, 
until we have learned of it. Hence, in selecting from this branch of 
history, especially for the young, great care should be exercised in 
the choice of works; for many of them consist of little more than a 
detailed account of tyranny and oppression, vice and immorality, am- 
bition and bloodshed. Few — very few — of the long catalogue of he- 
roes and statesmen, or other men of renown, either of ancient or 
modern times, are worthy models, in some of the essential qualities 
of truly great and good men, for the youth of our age and country. 
True, imperfection is a property common to all men. But some men 
have it to a much less degree than others. Some men approach as 
nearly to our standard, as imperfect human nature is capable. These 
are the men who should claim our approbation and attention — who 
should receive our admiration, and form our models. 

Such a character, and such a model, to an eminent degree, is pre- 
sented in the life of General Robert Hatton. We may truthfully 
say, he was born great. By parental precept and example, he early 
imbibed those moral and Christian truths, which dignify and adorn 
human nature, and which were so well exemplified, through the whole 
course of his life. By education and experience, he became learned 
and wise, for one of his years. By his just conception of the great 
fundamentdl principles of truth and equity, he perceived the right, 
and "dared the right pursue." By his own invincible will, he laid 
hold of the means within his reach; and, with little apparent effort, 
and with becoming modesty, raised himself from obscurity to a proud 
position before the public. By his great popularity and irresistable 
influence with the people, he won laurels denied his seniors; and, 



BIOGRAPHY. 



with conscious worth and a masterly hand, carved out for himself an 
honorable niche in the temple of fame! 

Unlike many others, his life is no checkered mosaic of good and 
evil — of lofty professions and groveling vices — of brilliant achieve- 
ments and immoral acts — of fair promises and black deeds; but, on 
the other hand, it is one continued and steady advancement in the 
scale of moral and intellectual improvement — a happy combination of 
the great and good qualities of both head and heart, which consti- 
tute, humanly speaking, the perfect man. In all the relations of 
life — whether we view him as an obedient son or an affectionate 
brother, a loving husband or a doting father, an industrious plow- 
boy or a diligent student, a faithful teacher or a successful lawyer, a 
kind neighbor or an exemplary christian, an able and conservative 
representative in the National Congress, or a dashing leader on the 
field of battle — he stands forth a representative character — a worthy 
exemplar for the youth of his country. 



GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 



CHAPTEE I. 

1S26. Birth and parentage of Robert Hatton— Of English Origin— Not of Puritan 
descent— The Hatton Family first settle in "Virginia— Early History not Avell 
known — Long Lineage and an Illustrious Ancestry not always a Passport to Po- 
sition—Reuben Hatton— Serves in the War of the Revolution— Goes to South Caro- 
lina after the War— His Marriage— Locates in Charleston— Birth of his sou, Robert 
Clopton Hatton, father to the subject of this Memoir — Removes to Kentucky — En- 
gages in Agricultural Pursuits— His Large Family— All go to Missouri except Rob- 
ert Clopton and one brother— Robert Clopton Hatton begins to Preach in his seven- 
teenth year— A Missionary to Pennsylvania in his twenty-first year— Organizes the 
First Metliodist Episcopal Church in Meadville— Marries Miss Campbell— Her 
Father- Sojourn in Pennsylvania— Removes to the Western Reserve, Ohio— Birth 
of Robert Hopkins Hatton, subject of this Memoir— Is stationed at Alleghany 
City, Pa., where Robert first goes to School— Is averse to going to a Woman— Plays 
Truant— Goes to a Militia Muster at Braddock's Field— His father compels him— 
His sudden recoucilation and rapid advancement— Mr. Hatton removes to Nash- 
ville, Tenn.— Robert is started to School again— Has a difficulty with his Teacher- 
Quits the School— His Sports— The Bottle of Ether— Is an Advocate of Temper- 
ance—Mr. Hatton removes to Sumner County— Robert is employed on a Farm — 
Goes to School— His Sports— Is fond of Fox Hunting— Has a severe attack of 
Fever— The Bottle of Ether saves his life— Is Salivated— His face somewhat dis- 
figured—His father is stationed at Gallatin -Robert goes to School— His First 
Efl'ort at Debating— His First Public Speech— He quits School— Clerks in a Store- 
Prepares for College— 1845. 

Egbert Hatton, the subject of this memoir, and of whom 
we propose writing a brief but authentic biography, was des- 
cended from a large and respectable family of English origin. 
Of the particulars concerning the early history of his pi'Ogeni- 
tors, in both Europe and America, we know but little. I^or, 
indeed, is it necessary to be known, for, in this Eei)ublican 
countiy, where the road to an honorable fame is open to all, 
where every one is the architect of his own fortune, and Avhere 
it is not indispensably necessarj^ to trace a long line of illustrious 
ancestry to some noble lord or dashing knight, in order to pre- 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 



ferment; but, on the contrary, where all stand upon the broad 
basis of constitutional equality, where all are "heirs apparent 
to the throne," and where even a poor mechanic may, by assid- 
uous application, iintiring energy, and indomitable perseverance, 
overcome poverty, the want of an early education, and their 
attendant circumstances, and rise from a tailor's bench to the 
first office within the gift of the people, it signifies but little to 
be able to establish an illustrious lineage, so that a man be a 
man "for all that," — so that he be "worthy, well qualified, and 
of good report." 

Of one thing, however, we are well assured, that the ances- 
tors of Mr. Hatton are not mentioned among the records of the 
Mayflower expedition, for he. came not of Puritan stock, but 
from an English family, which settled in Virginia at an early 
period of her colonial history. His grandfather, Reuben Hat- 
ton, a Virginian by birth, is the first of the name of whom we 
have any account. He served in the Eevolutionary Arm}^, 
holding some subordinate office, but what, we are not informed. 
He was in the division of the army commanded by Geu. Greene, 
and followed that chieftain in his Southern camjjaign, in 1781, 
through all his varying fortunes of that eventful year, ]:)artici- 
pating, as is supposed, in the battles of the Cowpens, Guilford 
Court-house, Camden, Eutaw Springs, etc. It was, doubtless, 
while with the army in South Carolina, that Reuben Hatton 
became favorably impressed of the advantageous situation of 
that State, of her salubrious climate, the richness, variety and 
abundance of her products, and that he determined to cast his 
lot ultimately with her people. If these were not the circum- 
stances influencing his future course, we have but one conjecture 
as to what was the cause of his immigration South, and that is, 
that the winning smiles, and perhaps jn-omises too, of some 
South Carolina beauty, so wrought upon him, as to induce him 
to abandon his native Virginia, to forsake father and mother, 
kindred and friends, and seek a home and fortune in the Pal- 
metto State. At any rate, we find him soon after the close of 
the war, returning to South Carolina, where he was married to 
a Miss Joanna Balleau, a native of that State, and a descendant 
of a French-Huguenot family. As to the precise time and 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 



place, when and where they were married, we are not advised; 
all that we know is, that it was soon after the acknowledgement 
of the Independence of the United vStates by Great Britain, and 
somewhere in the interior of South Carolina, and that they sub- 
sequently removed to the city of Charleston, where they were 
blessed with a numerous offspring, among which, was Eobert 
Clopton Hatton, father to the subject of this memoir. What 
the calling or avocation of Eeuben Hatton was, while he lived 
in South Carolina, we are not prepared to say. How long he 
resided there, Ave do not exactly know; but think he must have 
sojourned there some ten or twelve years after his marriage, 
for he had six children in family at the time of his dei^arture. 

About the year 1795, he removed to the State of Kentucky, 
settled near Lexington, and engaged in Agricultural pursuits. 
This State was then in its infancy, being only about three years 
old, having been admitted into the Union in 1792. It had not 
been permanently settled by the whites more than twenty 
years, having previous to the year 1775, served as a hunting 
ground for the people of Virginia and North Carolina, as well 
as the French, who were settled along the great lakes and the 
upper Mississippi. How it became famous as a hunting ground, 
is accounted for in this way. Sometime anterior to its settle- 
ment by Daniel Boone and others, the Shawnee Indians, who 
settled on the Ohio, claimed the lands on the Cumberland also. 
The Cherokees asserted their right to the same lands. " For 
many years they waged a bloody contest," says Mr. Haywood, 
in his history of Tennessee, "till at length both nations, fearing 
the consequence of meeting each other, abstained from going 
upon it. This became known to the French and English hunt- 
ers; and as the game, being not killed by either tribe, had, from 
this circumstance, become plenteous on the abandoned tract, 
these hunters came hither as early as the years 1765 and 1769 ; 
and, returning home, reported to the frontier settlements the 
great fertility and natural advantages of the country." Hence 
its settlement by the whites. Here, in what is now called the 
blue-grass region, amid one of the most delightful rural districts 
to be found in any country, Eeuben Hatton devoted his time 
and energies to the peaceful pursuits of a Kentucky farmer, 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 



performing all the duties of good citizenship, as well as enjoy- 
ing the wild scenes and exciting episodes peculiar to boi-der life, 
until his family had now increased to fifteen souls. Although a 
goodly number, and, as a consequence, the expense proportion- 
ately great, ]Mi'. Hatton did not neglect the education of his 
children. He gave them the advantage of such educational fa- 
cilities as the country could then afford. Nor was he remiss in 
their moral training. The}' grew up dutiful, and honoring to 
their parents, and respected by all who knew them. One, at 
least, as we shall hereafter see, became not only an honor to his 
family, but a blessing to his race. 

About the year 1815, just after the close of the second war 
with Great Britain, Eeuben Hatton again removed farther 
"West, and settled in the then Territory of Missouri, all of his 
large family going with him, except two sons. Of these, one 
remained in Kentucky, and the other, Eobert Cloj)ton Hatton, 
was at that time, a Missionary to Pennsylvania, and who will 
now claim our special attention, he being, as stated before, 
father to the subject of this biograph}?-. Excepting this son, we 
now take leave of Eeuben Hatton and family, who, with their 
many descendants, now constitute "j^az't and parcel" of the 
"mighty "West." 

Eobert Clopton Hatton, as before stated, was born in the city 
of Charleston, South Carolina, about the year 1793, being about 
two years old at the time of his father's removal to Kentucky, 
in 1795. He was, for the most part, raised upon a farm, and 
was earty instructed in the usual routine of duties peculiar to a 
farmer's life, at that time, in that State. His education was also 
as good as that of most of the young men of his age, in that 
new and undeveloi^ed country. His moral and religious train- 
ing was doubtless well cared for, and commanded the sjiccial 
prayers and intercessions of parental affection in his behalf. 
At the age of sixteen, having previously made a profession of 
religion, he joined the Methodist Episcopal Church, and began 
preaching in his seventeenth year. Some four years after, 
Avhen he was in the twenty-fix'st year of his age, he was sent as 
a Missionary to "Western Pennsylvania, and organized the first 
Methodist Episcopal Church ever established in Meadville. His 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 



field of labor extended through Western Pennsylvania, West- 
ern New York, and along the shore of Lake Erie ; and many 
of the churches organized by him at that early day, have lived 
and prosj^ered amid the vicissitudes of the times, and are now 
in a flourishing condition. The following extract from a letter, 
received just before his death, speaks in relation to the field of 
his early labors, and of the love and high esteem in which he 
is held unto this day : 

" Meadville, Pa., Jan. 16, ISGG. 
Rev. R. C. Hattox, 

Dear Bro.: — Allow me to introduce myself to you as Rev. AV. F. Day, 
of the Erie Conference of the M. E. Church. I have been for the last three 
years, stationed here. From my boyhood 1 have been familiar with your 
name, but since coming to this station, I have found it a household word. 
Yesterday, a sermon was preached here by Rev. S. Gregg, on the history of 
Methodism within the bounds of this Conference, in which he made frequent 
reference to yourself; and in the Love-feast which followed, the old members 
of the Church dwelt upon your name with the tenderest affection. No Meth- 
odist preacher who has ever been in this region, has left behind him kinder 
recollections than yourself. 

Thinking you may take an interest in hearing from this old battle field of 
yours, I send you the following items : You will, of course, remember that 
you organized the first Methodist Society in Meadville. A few of those first 
members yet remain. -x- * -x- * * ^;:- .vj 

We still occupy the brick church put up soon after you left the Circuit. 
We are, however, building a splendid church on the Diamond, the cost of 
which will not be less than $70,000. The Society has increased to a mem- 
bership of nearly 600, being the largest Society in the M. E. Church, West 
of Philadelphia. * * * * * 4t -^t * 

With kindest wishes, I am, most truly, 

Your well-wisher, 
(Signed) W. F. Day. 

This letter is lengthy, giving in detail the wonderful develop- 
ments of that section of the State, since the discovery of oil or 
petroleum, in the rapid growth of cities, railroads, churches, 
etc. Mr. Hatton, although quite young, was an able, forcible, 
and popular minister of the Gospel, and frequently preached to 
the American troops on the North-western frontier, in the war 
of 1812-15. Wherever he went, he made many warm and fast 
personal friends, and was successful in organizing and planting 



6 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

many churches which have, so far, withstood the changes of 
time, and which hold him in grateful remembrance to the pres- 
ent day. 

At the age of twenty-three, Eev. Eobert C. Hatton was mar- 
ried to Miss Margaret Campbell, daughter of Thomas Camp- 
bell, Esq., of Meadville, Pa. Mr. Camj^bell was a prominent 
and honored citizen, and held the office of Justice of the Peace 
for Crawford county, of that State, more than thirty years. 
Then the office of Justice of the Peace was much more profit- 
able, and held in much higher repute, than at the present day. 
Margaret was the second of nine children, five boys and four 
girls, all of whom grew uj) to maturity, married, and, except 
her, settled in Pennsylvania. Her father had come to that 
State in an early day, located large bodies of land, and, in the 
course of time, became wealthy. 

Mr. Hatton and his wife, Margaret, had born unto them, six 
children, three boys and three girls, namely: Asbury, Jane 
Joanna, William, Mary Elizabeth, Robert Hopkins, and Mar- 
garetta. Asbury and Jane Joanna, died in infancy. William, 
who never married, died in Lebanon, Tcnn., in 1866. Mary 
Elizabeth, was married, in 1841-2, to Dr. Joseph H. Peyton, of 
vSumner county, Tenn., brother of Col. Bailie Peyton, well and 
favorably known to the people of this State. Dr. Peyton died 
in the Fall of 1845, being a member of Congress, elect, at the 
time of his death. His widow and two sons, John Campbell 
and Joseph Bailie Peyton, still survive him. Eobert Hopkins, 
the subject of this memoir, will be noticed in the proper place. 
Mal'garetta was married to William D. Eiddle, of Pittsburg, 
Pa., in the Fall of 1855. Mr. E. died in 1863, his widow and 
four children — Mary Peyton, Margaret Hatton, Elizabeth, and 
AYilliam Hatton — still surviving him. 

After a sojourn of some ten years in Pennsylvania, Mr. Hat- 
ton removed to what was then called Western Eeserve, Ohio, to 
a place known as Youngstown, * where Eobert Hopkins Hat- 

*It may not be improper here to state, that in a number of biographical sketches 
publislicd by the press of Tennessee, while Gen. Hatton was a nominee for Governor, 
in 1857, he was represented as an orphan, as having by his own unauled exertions, ac- 
qnired the means to pay his way at school; and as having been bom in Sumner county. 
Tcnn.; all of which representations are untrue. As alx)ve stated, he was born in 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 



ton, the subject of this memoir, was born, Nov. 2, A. D., 1826, 
being the third son, and fifth child of his parents. Eobcrt, (for 
we shall hereafter omit the middle name, Hopkins, as he did 
himself after his majority, j)referring but one given name,) was 
a healthy, stout boy from infancy, uj) to the age of fourteen, 
when he had a severe attack of billions fever, from which it was 
scarcely possible for him to recover, and to which we shall 
again refer hereafter. When a smart boy of from two to four 
years of age, he would, when at church with his mother, some- 
times give her the slip, go into the pulpit and altar, while his 
father was preaching to the audience, take his walking cane, 
and, as is a custom with children, make a horse of it, and ride 
about on it, to the no small annoyance of the preacher. When 
his father would become warm and earnest in his address, or 
when he would pray aloud for some special blessing, young 
Hatton would ejaculate. Amen ! Amen ! ! setting the whole con- 
gregation in a titter of laughter, to the great chagrin of his 
mother. 

For several years in succession, Mr. Hatton removed, each 
year, to a new station or circuit. Prom Youngstown, he re- 
moved successively to Boardman, Ohio; Wheeling, Ya. ; Steuben- 
ville, Ohio; Pittsburg, and Alleghany City, Pa., devoting him- 
self wholly to the duties of his holy calling, preaching the Gos- 
pel, organizing and building up churches, in that then new and 
comparatively undeveloped country. It was at the last named 
place, Alleghany City, that Eobert Hatton was, for the first 
time, sent to school. He was then in the sixth year of his age. 
His teacher was a Miss McCord, a lady well qualified to teach 
" the young idea how to shoot." But young Hatton was averse 
to going to school to a woman ! Here, for the first time, and 
last time, too, he played truant ; for instead of going promptly 
to school, as commanded by his father, he went to a Militia 
muster, near town, at Braddock's field, memorable on account 

Ohio, though he never was proud, we are informed, to own it. His father paid his 
way at school, until he was large enough and sufficiently qualified to teach school. 
As to his beiug an orphan, that was evidently untrue. His venerable mother still 
lives ; (18G7) ; and his father was living at the time of his (Gen. Hattou's) death, full 
of years and good works, though he has since gone to his reward, and, we doubt not, 
is numbered among the redeemed in heaven. Ho died at Lebanon, Tenn., in 1866. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 



of the defeat and death of Gen. Braddock, the commander of 
the English and Colonial forces, against the French and Indians, 
and the wonderful preservation of "Washington, in 1755. Thus 
early, and upon historic ground, he took his first lesson in mili- 
tary affairs. The next day, his father, having, in the mean- 
time, been informed of the conduct of the little truant, took him 
by the hand and started to the school room ; but Eobert was 
still opposed to going ; he did not want to go to school to a 
woman. His father sharply told him he naust go, either to 
school or to jail. "I'll go to jail," said he, promptly. His 
father, wishing to out-herod Herod, turned immediately and led 
him to the jail door, thinking thus to awe him, and, as it were, 
scare him to school ; but young Hatton was inexorable ; he 
stoutly proclaimed his willingness to go to prison, rather than 
submit to the rule of a female teacher. His father, thus foiled 
and vexed, no longer used gentle means, but adopted the more 
jiotent and sjDcedy policy of coercion. He took the little rebel 
to the school house by force, and pushed him along before him 
up the stairway to the door, in a determined, if not abrupt 
manner. Mr. Hatton was justly provoked at the obstinacy of 
his son ; but when the door opened, he was agreeably surprised 
to see his hitherto perverse boy, suddenly change his air and 
tone, assume a complacent look, and with the ease and dignity 
of a Chesterfield, make a graceful bow to the School Mistress, 
who had by this time, reached the door, as if nothing at all had 
occurred, or gone wrong with him. He went to school here 
but a few months, but advanced well for one of his age, while 
he did go. 

Soon after this, he was transferred to a school at Nashville, 
Tenn., whither his fiither and family arrived in 1835, and re- 
mained there that and the succeeding year. Mr. Hatton, here, as 
elsewhere, devoted his whole time and energies to the work of 
the ministry, and many are the witnesses now living, who can 
testify of his faithful and successful stewardship, in and about 
Nashville. Here Robert attended a private school under the 
charge of a Prof. Mulkey, who was endeavoring to introduce a 
new method of teaching the elements of the English language, 
and who required all his students to purchase of him books 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 



adapted to the new mode. Young Hatton made known his 
teacher's wishes, in regard to the books, to his father, who did 
not see proper to comply with the request. "VYhen he returned 
to school without the books, or rather without the money to 
pui'chase them, his teacher was displeased ; he became angiy, 
and although a minister of the Gospel, spoke abruptly to young 
Hatton, so much so, that the ire of the young student was 
aroused, and in the moment of passion, he threw his book in 
the face of the Professor, and immediately left the school for 
home. The Professor was, of course, greatly incensed at the 
audacity of the yoitng belligerent. He followed him immedi- 
ately to his father's house, and demanded his instant and uncon- 
ditional surrender, saying, "he has the devil in him, and I in- 
tend to whip it out of him." But his demand was not complied 
with, and young Hatton attended Prof. Mulkey's school no 
more. This was the last and only difficulty he ever had in 
school. 

While residing in ISTashville, Robert was associated with a 
number of boys, who, besides the sports usually indulged in by 
all boys, were in the habit of inhaling ether, in order to get 
under its influence, so that each one might thus exhibit or man- 
ifest his peculiar temperament or natural bent of mind. What 
young Hatton's was, we never learned. His father, accidently 
discovering this not very laudable sj)ort of the boys, soon put a 
stop to it, so far as his son was concerned. He even found a bottle 
of ether in the possession of Robert, took it from him and pre- 
served it. This very bottle of ether, as we shall hereafter see, 
was the means of saving his life. If not providential, it was 
certainly fortunate that it was in the possession of the family, 
for living then in the country, it would have been impossible to 
procure it, or any other stimulus, in time for it to have had the 
desired effect. 

One other little incident that occurred during the sojourn of 
his father in Nashville, we will here mention: His mother was 
in the habit of sending Robert to market, to the provision store, 
and other places, on errands, as occassion required. One day 
she requested him to go to a family grocery and bring her a 
bottle of vinegar. He hesitated ; did not want to go. Being 



10 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

asked why he objected to going, he said; "lam afraid some- 
body will think I am carrying a bottle of whisky!" His 
mother compromised with him by carefully wrapping the bot- 
tle in paper, so as to hide it from public view. Thus it is seen, 
that while a boy, ho would shun the verj^ appearance of intem- 
perance. In after years, he was no less an advocate of the 
cause of temperance, and many will remember his fervent and 
eloquent speeches, and other labors, in its behalf 

In 1837, Mr. Hatton left Nashville, and settled on a farm in 
"Long Hollow," near Beech Grove, Sumner County, Tenn., 
where his son Kobert, was variously employed, sometimes going 
to school, and sometimes laboring on the farm.* In all, young 
Hatton never labored on the farm more than four Summers. 
While there, he would chop wood, go to mill, plow, and perform 
all the duties usually accomplished by a farmer boy. What- 
ever he undertook to do, he did it in an energetic, cheerful man- 
ner, both satisfactory to himself, and pleasing to his parents. 
He was no drone ; nor even of a negative natui'e ; he was em- 
phatically a positive character, and whatever he did, he did it 
with all his might. Such a character seldom fails of success, 
in whatever pursuit or calling it may engage. 

Robert Hatton attended in that neighborhood, successively the 
schools of Isaac Moore and James Cole, both of whom are rep- 
resented as being excellent teachers, exemplary men, worthy 
citizens, and who still reside in that county. How long he went 
to each of these gentlemen, we do not exactly know, but think 
not more than four sessions to both. While thus engaged, 
ffoiuir to school in the Fall and Winter mouths, and laboring on 
the farm in Spring and Summer, he would, at odd times, indulge 
in the sports common, more or less, to all boys, such as fishing, 
hunting, the chase, etc. His greatest sport, when a boy, was 
fox hunting; ho usually kept a pack of dogs, and enjoyed the 
chase very much. 

Being naturally of a modest, diffident disposition, he was not 

* While out chopping wood oue day, when living on the farm, young Hatton saw a 
vicious looking animal approaching towai'd him, in a threatening manner. Not 
knowing what it was, and being too spunky to yield his ground, he raised his axe, 
and gave a desperate stroke, just in time to split the scull of the ferocious animal. He 
brought it honi"?, and was told he had killed a wild cat! 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 11 

much in the habit of visiting his neighbor boys ; and when he 
did do so, he would join in the out- door sports and amusements 
until meal time would come, then return home, or do without 
his meals, for he was too timid to go to meals with them at 
their own houses. 

In his fourteenth year, Eobert was prostrated by a very se- 
vere attack of billious fever, which continued about six weeks, 
and from which, as stated before, it was difficult for him to 
recover. Of course, every attention was given him, and every 
remedy prescribed that was thought to be salutary, and calcu- 
lated to restore the patient to health. Among other doses, 
mei'cury was administered; ptyalism or salivation ensued, hence 
his partially disfigured mouth, and its excessive frothing when, 
in after life, he would be pleading at the bar, or speaking from 
the forum. At one time, during his long confinement, bleeding, 
it was thought, would be beneficial to him. He was bled, but 
too much of the crimson current of life was drawn, and he sank 
rapidly. His physician. Dr. Geo. Keeling, or his partner, Dr. 
Talley, gave every thing he thought proper, that he could com- 
mand, but to no effect — a more powerful stimulus was necessary. 
In this emergency, the before-mentioned bottle of ether was 
brought forth, and speedily and freely administered. A re- 
action was produced, and Robert Hatton delivered from a pre- 
mature grave. 

Mr. Hatton having been appointed to the pastorship of the 
Methodist Episcopal Church, in Gallatin, in 1842, soon after 
removed his family to that town. Here, Eobert entered, first, 
the school of Mr. Fleming, and afterwards that of Mr. Eobb, 
and pursued his studies uninterruptedly for three sessions. He 
was a close student, and manifested great interest in his books 
all the while; he devoted all the time he could spare from his 
text-books, to reading history and biography, and few youths 
of his age had made themselves better acquainted with the his- 
tory of our country, and the lives of her eminent men, than 
Eobert Hatton. Much of his success in after life is attributable 
to his early and careful reading of history. 

It was while attending school at Gallatin, and in the latter 
part of his fifteenth year, that young Hatton first discovered to 



12 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

his father a disposition to speak in public. It occurred in this 
way : He was uniformly in the habit of staying close at home 
at night, so much so, that when he did absent himself, he was 
only the more missed. On one night he was absent longer than 
usual ; his father becoming uneasy, thinking that he Avas at the 
stable, and might, perhaps, be kicked by a horse, went out to see 
about it, but could not find him. JSTot willing for him to run 
about town at night, he went up the street in search of the 
missing boy. While going along, he thought he heard a voice 
off at one side, which he took to be that of Robert. He stepped 
to the door of the building, (a tinner's shop,) when, to his great 
surprise, he discovered the absent son ; he was addressing an 
assembly of boys who had mot together for debate. This was 
the first intimation Mr. Hatton had received of his son's talent 
at debating ; it was a happy omen, most faithfully verified. 

Robert Hatton made his first public speech in his sixteenth 
year. It was a Fourth of July Oration ; subject — " The Emperor 
Napoleon," and is creditable for one of his age. It was de- 
livered in the town of Gallatin, in 184.S; the sentiment perva- 
ding this, his first public effort, is singularly characteristic of 
the future man; the impulse of the boy became the principle of 
the man. He was not one of that class, and a very large class 
too, who allow the brilliant qualities and dazzling achievements 
of the man to cover up and hide his still darker deeds and dam- 
ning vices, becaiise the multitude shouts applause, and man 
calls him great. Not unto every one who has made kings to 
tremble upon their thrones, and spread terror and devastation 
over half a hemisphere — yea, who have pulled down kingdoms 
and established empires in their stead, would he render the 
meed of praise, or ci'own with laurels. He would judge of the 
cause which engages him, scan the motives which infliience him, 
and consider the means which sustain him, before he would 
pronounce the verdict of great upon the conquering hero, or 
the founder of empire. The following is the speech: 

FOURTH OP JULY — THE EMPEROR NAPOLEON. 
This is our Nation's birthday ! We arc yet free, and happy, and prosper- 
ous, and at peace with all the world. How glorious a heritage is freedom ! We 
are the favored oflFspring and heirs of a worthy ancestry, who, with their 
blood, purchased and with paternal .blessings and benedictions, gave it us. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 13 

Are wo thankful ? Yes, from every hill, and valley, and mountain, and 
plain; from every village, and hamlet, and bustling city, of our happy land, 
this day, are ascending to the Throne of the God of Nations, the heart-felt 
thanks of a grateful people. The frail old minister, with his thin white 
locks and trembling voice, and palsied arms, outstretched, blesses God that 
freedom's sanctuary is our home: the spirited youth, inspired — eloquent 
with thoughts of liberty — in a chaste and fervent eulogy, speaks of patriot 
fathers — of feats of "broils and battle;" while the cheerful school-girl 
throng, robed in white, and wreathed with " wild-wood posies," chant mer- 
rily " the song of the free and the brave." 

But whilst on this our nation's jubilee, we should rejoice, yet as rational 
freemen we should not neglect to look calmly, to discover the causes that 
made us free. And we could not, perhaps, do this more easily and effectually 
in any other way, than by contrasting the leading men of our Revolution 
with those of the moving spirits in the many revolutions which have, in 
various ages, convulsed the old world. We would ask you, then, to reflect 
for a moment with us upon the character and career of one who operated on 
the world in an unprecedented manner, during life, and who is now greatly 
influencing it by his character; and a proper estimate of whom, we therefore 
think important. And by way of preface to what we shall say of him, we would 
state that by many, very many, he has been esteemed a philanthropist, a pat- 
riot, and a friend to freedom ; but that we have ever regarded him as a des- 
pot and an enemy of his counti-y and his kind. We speak of Napoleon 
Bonaparte. 

The history of no man fills the mind of the reader with such supreme awe 
as does that of him, who 

"Rocked by whilrwinds in their rage, 
Lived, the terror of his age." 

Suddenly issuing from a lone isle of the sea, ere yet manhood was marked 
upon his brow, he is made leader of the legions of a great nation, led them 
in triumph from victory to victoi'y, and eclipsed the most dazzling military 
glory ever won by man. In following him in his career, we are constantly 
in marveling astonishment, inquiring what was the secret magic power by 
which superior forces were prostrated before him, thrones overtumbled, and 
kings stripped of their royal insignia. He was conqueror in the field, dicta- 
tor in the cabinet, and supreme — everywhere ! Though at a distance, fac- 
tious spirits should unite a whole nation against him, and declare him a 
traitor, a usurper, and an outlaw, yet his presence struck them with fear, his 
frown stilled the rebellious clamorings of the multitude, and at his word, a 
hissing rabble rent the air with '' vive le Napoleon." 

lie loved the battle — the ensanguined field — and revelled in blood and 
slaughtei'. He braved the miasma of the South, and the snows and frosts 
and wintry wastes of the North. He climbed the rugged mountain, and 
crossed the angry seas. He created an imaginary goddess and called her 



14 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

Fame, and then compassed land and sea — passed over hill and plain — through 
the tears of the living and the groans of the dying, to pay his homage at 
her shrine. Yes, it was an inordinate thirst for glory that nei'ved his arm, 
ironed his soul, and led him over mangled, putrid heaps to the altar where he 
worshipped. 

It must, in justice, be remembered of Bonaparte, that he was raised under 
disadvantageous circumstances, in a troubled day, when all minds were con- 
vulsed, institutions ovei'thrown, youth abandoned to the most horrid scenes 
of debauchery, and when the imaginations of men were feverish with wild 
and foundless visions — an unpropitious time for the formation of character. 
Yet, it must be said, that although he might have been born, and cradled, and 
raised in the camp, he was actuated to commit those atrocities which spread 
distress and slavery over his country, by an ambition at once despicable and 
hellish in its promptings. 

By tlie success that attended his arms in his fii-st Italian campaign, he was 
emboldened to those unprincipled and open aggressions, to the indulgence 
of that lawless and imperious spirit which marked and kept pace with his 
growing power. The old-fashioned laws of nations, under which the nations 
of the earth had, heretofore found shelter, seemed never to have crossed his 
mind. The neutrality of states was no protection from his ravages. He 
compelled them to pay him triliute, and then robbed their capitals of their 
most valued ornaments— of works of art, that had been held sacred in the 
utmost extremities of war ; of treasures, that had made them " places of 
pilgrimage" for men of taste and genius from every other part of the civil- 
ized world. These, we regard as deeds worthy only of the bandit and sav- 
age, who fights for plunder, and not for liberty and a, glorious fame. 

Power corrupts not, but shows what corruption is. The panther in his 
cage, is harmless, and the chained bull-dog hardly growls ; but remove their 
restraints, and you see what they are. Sylla was a laughing man, but power 
uncovered his heart. Bonaparte entered the provinces of Italy with procla- 
mations that he came, not as an enemy, but to fight for and procure their lib- 
erties. But when the gallant Wormser no longer opposed him, he became an 
oppressor — a worse than Vandal plunderer. 

In Kgypt, he not only insulted God, by claiming to be omniscient and om- 
nipotent; (an impiety as foolish as it was daring;) but ti-ampled under foot, 
with eo,ual hardihood, the dictates of humanity. The massacre of Jaffa was 
an outrage unprecedented in modern warfare, not sheltered by the laws of 
war, barbarous as they are ; and deserves the execrations of mankind. 

As an excuse for the establishment of a military despotism in France, his 
apologizers have said: Had he not done it, another would. Admitting 
the truth of the plea, is it any other than that of an assas?«in, who pleads 
justification because another dagger was drawn to do the bloody deed? We 
wish not to war with the dead, but regarding /recJom as tlie principal interest 
of mankind, we cannot but regard those who have signalized Ihemselve.?, by 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 15 

efforts to subvert it, with an indignation which no redeeming traits which 
they may have possessed, can cause us to suppress. He who lifts a paricidal 
hand against his country's rights and freedom, who tramples upon the necks 
of thirty millions of his fellows, squanders the treasures of a State, and 
pours out its blood like water, to secui'e for himself the title of " the great" 
meets the unbounded abhorrence of all who love their country and their fel- 
low men. 

He destroyed the liberty of the press, by banishing or imprisoning all edi- 
tors not favorable to his cause. Can'such an act be justified? There is some- 
thing shocking in the thought of one man's will becoming the law of his 
country, in the idea of a nation surrendering its conscience, its intellect, 
rights and interests, to the mandate of one man! 

We find him in Spain, kidnapping the royal family, in order to put a Bona- 
parte on the throne; and after spilling the best blood of France on its plains, is 
forced to abandon his purpose. Maddened by disappointment, he plunges into 
the heart of Russia, and returns a fugitive without an army. The tide of 
his fortune was now rolled back; the idea that he was invincible was proven 
a mistake, and the spirit whom Europe could not bind, now fled from a cap- 
tive's doom ! His retreat to Elba, his irruption into France, his final over- 
throw and banishment to St. Helena, though they add to the list of his ex- 
traordinary adventures, throw but little light on his character. A weak 
head, on the top of a light house, becomes giddy, and falls to the ground ; so 
undeserved exaltation sinks into abasement the more it intoxicates. 

Do you ask me if I have no sj'mpathy for Bonaparte. I answer, no! 
There should be no tears or sympathy for fallen greatness, when that great- 
ness has been founded in crime, and reared by force and treachery. 

After quitting school at Gallatin, young Hatton entered the 
store of Mr. Vaughn, of that town, and served him iti the ca- 
pacity of clerk, for some time. Mr. Vaughn was well pleased 
with him, and anxious to have him continue longer, hut he de- 
clined, preferring to devote himself to literary pursuits. He 
now diligently applied himself to study, and to general reading ; 
he continued this course for some time. At length an oppor- 
tunity offered for teaching, when, for the first time, he assumed 
the duties and responsibilities of a school-master. His school 
was situated in Sumner county, but in what neighborhood, we 
do not know. He did not, however, succeed to his own satis- 
faction, not having more than eighteen pupils at any time during 
the session.* Although discouraged, he determined to teach 

* This the author learned from Gen. Hatton himself. 



16 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT IIATTON. 

out his term of five months, even if he should not have more 
than a half-dozen students. 

Having taught ou.t his session, he closed his school with, 
probably, as much credit to himself and benefit to the pupils, 
as could be claimed by a majority of the 3'ouug teachers ; he re- 
turned to his father's, who was now again living in the country, 
not far from Gallatin, where he fitted up a study with his own 
hands, and applied himself diligently to his books. He was 
not satisfied with himself as a teacher; he felt that he needed a 
more thorough training. "To better prepare for the duties of 
a country school teacher," to use his own language, "was then 
the highest point to which his ambition was directed." He 
studiously applied himself, preparing for an advanced class in 
college. He entered the Junior Class in Cumberland Univer- 
sity, at Lebanon, Tenn., in the Fall of 18-15. 




LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 17 



CHAPTEE II. 

1845. Course at College— Enters the Junior Class— Not well prepared— Vouched for 
by the Professoi — Warm attachment for him — Strives to overcome his disadvan- 
tages—Succeeds—Is Systematic and Thorough— Devotes but little time to the Lit- 
erary Societies— Sustains himself in his Classes— Graduates— Receives his Diisloma — 
His Class-mates — Is appointed Tutor in the University— Resigns the position after 
one j-ear- Enters the Law School— Remains there but one year— Is short of 
money — Takes charge of Woodland Academy — The Amasagassian Society vote 
him a Diploma— A close Student at Law— Lett 'r to Professor Lindsley— Touching 
allusion to his College Life— High Tribute to his Professor and Friend— Returns to 
Lebanon— No longer a Youth— A Man and a Scholar— Of good character, and 
highly esteemed— Is Licensed to Practice Law— Becomes a Partner of Col. Stokes — 
Improves his advantages— Soon takes a proud position at the Bar— Is awarded a 
Diploma from the Law School— An Appeal to the Youth— Mr. Hatton appointed 
Agent for the Washington Monument Association— Notices of liim by the Press — 
His Address in behalf of the Monument— 1852. 

Having arrived at Lebanon, the seat of Cumberland Univer- 
sity, in his nineteenth year, almost an entire stranger, Robert 
Hatton made application to enter the Junior Class of that in- 
stitution, but was found not altogether well qualified for so ad- 
vanced a class. He was, however, admitted to this class upon 
the condition that he would, in the mean time, bring up and 
master the studies required of candidates before admission 
to the Junior Class. To the faithful performance of this ar- 
rearage work, no less than for the successful accomplishment 
of current class duties, he was vouched for by the then Pro- 
fessor of Languages, Dr. IST. Lawi^ence Lindsley, one of the 
most erudite and accomplished scholars of the nation. The 
most indolent and obtuse would, under similar circumstances, 
have been aroused to action, much more so with yoviiig Hatton. 
He had now entered upon a new theatre of action, one con- 
genial with his mind and tastes, and was determined, not only 
to sustain himself in his classes, bat also to make good his 
promise to his teacher and friend. Here let the young reader 
take a lesson: although endowed with perceptive faculties 
equalled by few, and an energy surpassed by none, Robert 



18 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

Hatton was not of that class who rely on their " native genius" 
to carr}" them along successfully in their studies; but, on the 
contrary, he adopted the more safe and sensible motto, " no ex- 
cellence without labor." He was systematic and thorough, be- 
stowing much labor and thought upon his studies, and trusting 
little to the favor of fickle and uncultivated genius — hence his 
success. In the language of one of his Professors, " he was 
sober, studious, energetic, persevering, with an untiring appli- 
cation, and could but succeed." And nobly did he succeed. 
Early in his collegiate career, a warm attachment sprang up 
between young Hatton and his Professor of Languages, and 
this friendship was mutually cherished through the remainder 
of his brief but honoi-able life ; for his teacher admired him, 
not more for his studious and gentlemanly bearing as a col- 
legian, than for his moral and intellectual endowments as a 
man. He doubtless gained the resjiect and esteem of all the 
members of the Faculty, for no one knew him well, but to love 
and respect him. In consequence of his having to perform so 
much extra study, he was not able to devote as much time to 
the Literary Society, of which he was a member, as he would 
have been glad to have done ; his time and energies were main- 
ly engrossed by the duties assigned him in College proper ; and 
to sustain himself in his classes was the thing of paramount 
importance in his mind. How well he succeeded has already 
been stated. After completing the curriculum of the Univer- 
sity, he received the honors of gradiiation — the degree of A. B. 
and a diploma on the Commencement day of June, 1847. 
There were four in the class — J. C. Bowden and N. J. Fox, of 
Alabama; Eobert Hatton and D. M. Blythe, of Tenn. ; a small 
class it is true, but composed of men of talent and usefulness. 
The former two are able ministers in the Cumberland Presby- 
terian Church, iind of the latter two, Blythe was a physician, 
and of Hatton we shall 8j)eak at length in these pages. JEcce 
homo. 

Having been a devoted, successful and exemplar}- student up 
to the time of graduation, and having worthily received the 
highest honors of the institution, he was, without any previous 
knowledge of it on his part, elected Tutor in his Almamater. 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 19 

This was a high compliment for one who had been there but 
two years, especially for one of hi§ age, and was done at the 
instance of his Pi'ofessor and friend, Dr. Lindsley, who never 
had cause to regret this flattering evidence of his kind partial- 
ity; it was opportune for young Hatton. He had just com- 
pleted his literary course in College, but his purse* was empty ; 
he must do something. With some reluctance he accejoted the 
position tendered him, and in October, 1847, began the duties 
of his new calling. How well and faithfully he performed his 
duties as Tutor, is easily imagined. He was prompt and efiicient, 
attentive and accommodating ; no less exacting of those under 
his charge and control than he was observant of, and obedient 
to, the rules and regulations governing himself. He was an ex- 
cellent teacher, possessing, not only the requisite knowledge and 
ability, but also a happy method of imparting and controlling. 
He continued but one year as Tutor, resigning in 1848. In the 
Fall of the same year, he entered the Law Department of Cum- 
berland University, which was then in its infancy ; and with his 
uniform energy and perseverance, pursued the prescribed course 
in that school for one year. At the end of this time, being 
short of means, and unwilling to borrow^, and having also been 
solicited by the Trustees of Woodland Academy, of Sumner 
County, to take charge of that school, he quit the Law School, 
though he lacked one term of ten months of completing the 
course. Doubtless it was his intention to return to the school 
again, but he never did. He was induced to take charge of the 
Academy for the reasons, that it was both honorable and profit- 
able, and because he was in need of money and was willing to 
teach until he could "start again." 

It was about this time that the Amasagassian Society, one of 
the literery societies of the University, and of which he was a 
member, conferred upon him its highest testimonial of honor — 



*In a letter to his father, October, 1815, shortly after he had started to College, he 
says : " I have cash on hand at present to the amount of twenty cents, which, as I have 
no use for money, except to pay postage, is gr<^at abundance. Don't think, because 
I mention the amount of ray change that I want more, for I don't." Quite economi- 
cal, was he not ? How many young men with only twenty cents each, in their pock- 
ets, would have said to their fathers, " I don't want more money." 



20 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

voting him a diploma as an evidence of its liigh appreciation of 
his great moral and mental .worth, as well as for his genuine 
and urbane social qualities. 

Mr. Hatton took charge of the Academy in the Fall of 1849, 
but taught only one session ; not because he was not a popular 
and successful teacher, but because he was anxious to engage 
in his adopted profession, that of law. All his spare moments 
were devoted to the study of his legal text-books ; though not 
in the Law School, he was still a law student. Although thus 
busily and constantly employed, he forgot not his former 
teacher and friend. Professor Lindsley. On Christmas Eve, a 
time of gayety and mirth to many, and of reflection to few, he 
writes to him as follows : 

Woodland Academy, 

Sumner County, December 24, 1849. 
My Dear Friend: — 

It is thought by most jDersons that they have an absolute 
right to enjoy themselves on Christmas Eve, if it be, even at 
the expense of others. Without subscribing to the correctness 
of this belief, I shall act upon it this evening. 

It has always afforded me great pleasure to communicate 
with those whom I esteem, and most sincerely can I assure you 
that but few have ever occupied so high a place in ray regard, as 
my accomplished Instructor in the languages. Professor Linds- 
ley. I know, then, that you, having always manifested 
toward me, since we were first associated as preceptor and stu- 
dent, so great a willingness to gratif}', and so generous a dispo- 
sition to assist, will excuse, what might otherwise apj^ear rather 
presumptuous, the liberty which I take, of AVTiting you a 
friendly letter. 

The happiest years of my life were the two spent under your 
tuition; none are so replete with interest, or have connected 
with them so many pleasing associations ; nor are the events of 
any so full, so accurately, so vividly pictured upon my memory. 
The scenes of the recitation room are as fresh, and as easily re- 
called as if they had been witnessed but yesterday. The room ; 
your lounge and chair, and table and desk ; the windows and 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 21 

curtains; the book-case, the black-board and benches ; yourself 
in form and features and expression ; your little table, on which 
lay a copy of " Ilpoii7]devg 1^80116x7]^ " — all are as faithfully rep- 
resented on my mind, as if they had been penciled there by the 
hand of the most skillful artist ; your words of encoiiragement 
and approval; of disapprobation and censure, as well as your 
peculiar expressions, as " Just give me the English of that sen- 
tence, Mr. ;" " not exactl}^; " " havn't got the idea pre- 
cisely," etc., sound as familiar to my ears, to-night, as household 
words. 

The scenes of my early boyhood: — the orchard ; the meadow; 
the pasture, where the cows used to feed ; the j^oung lambs skip 
over the green turf ; the horses engage in their antic frolics ; 
the grape-vine on the hill-side, on which I used to swing ; the 
"deep hole" in which I used to swim; and the old sycamore 
tree that stood hard by the stream, under the shade of Avhose 
wide-sj)reading boughs I played 'till tired, then slept and 
dreamed — these are all fondly remembered ; yet, even still 
more do I cherish the memory of my Professors and College 

class-mates : of F x, in his short velvet vest and biickskin 

slippers, sitting up straight and looking dignified, or " snailing 
it " over a sentence (slow but sure) in ^^Demosthenes de Corona;'^ 

of B n, with his sharp-tailed coat and short breeches, fine 

voice, thin lips, white hair and cross eyes ; his book in immedi- 
ate proximity with the end of his nose, and his forefinger fol- 
lowing the lines, trying to scan a chorus in ^' Medea f of "hon- 
est " old B e, on a hot July morning, with his thick heavy 

coat buttoned close up to his chin, "squaring himself " to a 
chapter in Cicero de Oratore, or perhaps frankly confessing that 
he could not "fix" a sentence in (Edipus Tyrannus. Yes, these 
— but, lest you should think me childish in saj^ing so much of 
things, which, in themselves are so unimjiortant, I will speak 
of something else. 

I regretted very much to hear that Mr. Stewart-i^ and your- 
self had resigned your professorships at L . I hoj^e Pro- 



* Alex. r. Stewart, Professor of Mathematics ia Cumberland Universitj^; in the 
late war, Lieutenant-General in the Confederate Army. 



22 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

fessor Stewart may get along pleasantly at N ; that he 

will fill his chair with dignity and ability there can be no ques 
tion; may he be appreciated. He is a scholar, and a most 
worthy gentleman. 

In the retirement of your beautiful country residence, unin- 
terrupted in the jjrosecution of your favorite literary pursuits, 
I have no doubt you pass your time most agreeably. May 
your health be preserved as vigorous, as I am sure your zeal 
will continue unabated, that society may profit by your labors. 

As you have possibly heard, I am again teaching school. I 
intended returning to Lebanon this year, to attend the Law 
School, but about the beginning of the session I was solicited 
by the trustees to take charge of the Academy, where the late 
Alfred W. Douglass taught for three years, after leaving Nash 
ville ; and as the position was both honorable and profitable, I 
concluded, as I was in need of money, to accept it, until I could 
get a start again. The school is composed principally of young 
men, prett}" well advanced in their studies. A lai'ge proportion 
of thorn are studying the GJ-reek and Latin ; the Academy is 
five miles from Gallatin, near the Nashville turnpike. 

Give my respects to your excellent lady, and accept for your- 
self, the best wishes of 

Your friend, 

Egbert Hatton. 
N. Laurence Lindsley, Esq. 

Having closed his session at Woodland Academy, he return- 
ed to Lebanon in the early part of the year, 1850, being then 
but little more than twenty-three years old. 

But Eobort Hatton, hitherto the diffident youth and lucubra- 
ting student, had now donned his manhood, and was acknowl- 
edged a scholar! He had not money nor lands, "but he pos- 
sessed what was infinitely more valuable than gold — a charac- 
ter, in every way above reproach ; a mind, thoroughly trained 
to able and systematic investigation; a will and an energy 
which defied every obstacle ; a steady, but unostentatious am- 
bition for an honorable fame, or none; and a modesty and 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 23 

dignity of person and manner, which had endeared him to 
all his associates and acquaintances." 

Having obtained license to practice law, he formed a partner- 
ship with Col. Jordan Stokes, of Lebanon, a lawyer of dis- 
tinguished legal ability and large practice. Having now the 
advantages of a share in a wide and remunerative practice, and 
a large and varied library, he commenced his career as a law- 
yer and citizen. Says a cotemporary : — " It was at this junc- 
ture that we became personally acquainted with Mr. Hatton. 
We were then sojourning at Lebanon, under circumstances 
which gave us an opportunity of witnessing his true character; 
and we can attest the ardor and singleness of purpose with 
which he devoted his energy to his calling ; the patient and un- 
tiring industry with which he availed himself of the advan- 
tages thus placed at his disposal. It was not at intervals, nor 
upon the eve of courts that he bethought himself of his client- 
age, and betook himself to his books ; night after night, for 
months, we have seen him renew his labors and continue his 
silent toil 'till long after midnight; when other minds re^iosed 
in slumber, his was eagerly bursting the fetters which it 
spurned, and driving rapidly to new conquests upon the fields 
of knowledge. His industry met with its appropriate reward. 
He at once took a proud position at the bar, and his generous 
and appreciative legal preceptors, at the end of the second year, 
did for him what they have done for no other — awarded him 
voluntarily the honors of graduation, as a merited compliment 
to his ability, perseverance and acquirements ; and this, though 
he had spent but one year in the Law School, when it required 
two years of study in the school to entitle him to its honors." 
Thus he received his Law Diploma, it being the third received 
by him since his arrival in Lebanon, less than six years before, 
a stripling stranger, with insufficient means, and no higher am- 
bition, when he first started, than to prepare himself for a 
" country school teacher ;" and this, too, after he had sjjent one 
year as Tutor in his Almamater, and nearly two years in the prac- 
tice of law at the Lebanon Bar. So much for application ancf 
study, energy and perseverance. Verily, "where there's a will 



24 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

there's away;" let my young readers remember this, and be 
not discouraged. 

" 111 the world's broad field of battle, 

In the great bivouac of life, 
Be not like dumb driven cattle ; 

Be a hero in the strife ! " 

If the sombre clouds of misfortune seem to have thrown 
their chilling shadows athwart your pathway, be not cast doAvn ; 
the darkest cloud has a silver lining. Though you mnj not 
have been born with a silver spoon in your mouth ; though 3-ou 
may not be a child of wealth, surrounded by friends of affluence 
and influence ; though you may not be in possession of suffi- 
cient means to defra}^ your expenses at the country school or vil- 
lage Academy, still you have cause to look up and be thankful. 
Eemember the motto — nil desperandum — never despair ; remem- 
ber, God has blessed you with life and health, a sound mind 
and body; He has cast your lot in a great and prosperous 
country, one desirable for the beauty and variety of its scenery, 
as well as for the salubrity and diversity of its climate; a land 
unsurpassed for the richness, variety and abundance of its 
products, whether of the soil, mine or forest; in short, He has 
brought you into being, surrounded by all the means, natural 
and artificial, necessary to your moral and intellectual improve- 
ment, if you will but do your part — if you will but lay hold of 
the means within your grasp ; a thousand avenues open uj) to 
your energy and enterprise, to your emulous effort and laudable 
ambition ; resolve to do and be something in the world ; stud}' 
by day and by night, and be sui'e that your studies are instructive 
and useful, strengthening and directing the mind ; read much, 
and let your reading be judicious and improving, storing the 
memory with facts and precedents; meditate often; "blessed is 
the man that doth meditate good things ;" neglect not conver- 
sation, as occasion gives opportunity, and, if jiossible, converse 
with those of more experience and greater information than 
yourselves ; be given to frequent reflections ; thus reviewing and 
'Scrutinizing the Avhole field of your studies and reading, your 
meditations and conversations; strive to become learned, intelli- 
gent and wise, and j'ou will be honored and great ; be just. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 25 

good and merciful, and 3-ou will be useful and hap2^3^ This is 
the acme of human achievement — the sum of earthly ambition. 
But let us return to the subject. 

In the Spring of 1850, Mr. Hatton was appointed by the 
Board of Managers of the "Washington Monument, at the City 
of Washington, an Agent to present its claims to the people of 
Tennessee, and particularly to the people of his own Congress- 
ional District, and receive such voluntary contributions for its 
erection as they, in their magnanimity, might see j^roper to give. 
Wo quote from the Lebanon Packet, of April, 1850: "This 
great national work appeals not to the charities of the American 
people, but to their magnanimity — being designed as a lasting 
monument of a free people's gratitude to the great and immor- 
tal founder of their liberties ; it cheerfully receives the w^ill-of- 
ferings of all, and, with a diffusive free liberality, grants the 
privilege to every son and daughter of this boasted Eepublic. 
magnanimously to aid in rearing this imj)erishable monument 
to the memory of the venerable Father op his Country — 
^freedom's offering to freedom's greatest champion.' * -'- -> 
Then we ask all, male and female, to turn out and hear this 
subject presented by Mr. Hatton, who will full}^ unfold its 
claims, and the whole scheme for its accomplishment, in his 
j)ublic address." 

For the benefit of the young, who are not familiar with the 
history of the Washington Monument, the object, plan and 
means of its erection, as well as to show the high but merited 
compliment bestowed upon Mr. Hatton, its young but gifted 
agent, we copy the following from the Nashville American, of 
April, 1850 :— 

"The Washington Monument. — ^Let it rise, then, 'till it meet 
the sun in his coining ; let the earliest light of the morning gild it, 
and parting day linger and play around its summit.' — Daniel 
Webster. 

"Most of our readers are aware of the efforts being made to 
complete the National Monument at Washington, in honor to 
the illustrious Father of Our Countiy. The corner stone was 
laid on the 4th of July, 18-18, with imposing ceremonies, and 



26 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

in the presence of Congress, and thousands from different sec- 
tions of the Union. The Hon. R. C. Winthrop delivered an 
address, which has been read b}^ millions with patriotic inter- 
est. Although an association has been in existence more than 
twenty years, yet the noble enterprise of erecting a suitable 
monument, worthy of the American people, and commensurate 
with the veneration due his exalted services, has never been ac- 
complished. The Board of Managers are under the necessity 
of appealing to the people for assistance to complete the mon- 
ument, and have appointed agents in each Congressional Dis- 
trict, to solicit contributions. AVe are glad to see that they 
have selected Eobert Hatton, Esq., and congratulate the friends 
of the design upon their good fortune in securing the services 
of a gentleman so well fitted by education and character, to 
push forward the good work. A young, but eloquent and 
zealous orator, we are sure that our citizens cannot resist the 
patriotic appeals he designs making them during the Summer, 
as he will canvass the whole of the 7th and 8th Congressional 
Districts, and give every one, the rich and the poor, an oppor- 
tunity of contributing to the great work of rearing to the mem- 
ory of the great Washington, a monument as lofty, as massive, 
as peerless as his fame, his character and his life. We are not 
informed as to the time he will visit this cit}', but will give due 
notice, and hope our citizens will turn out en masse, and give 
solid evidence, visible testimonj", that they are not unmindful 
of what they owe to George Washington and his comi^atriots 
of the Eevolution. Mr, Hatton accepts the honorable and ar- 
duous duties of Agent, as a "labor of love," and will prosecute 
the work with all the zeal and fervor which so well distinguish 
him, and wc trust every purse will shower forth its contribu- 
tions for the magnificent design. ****** 
" The entire height of the obelisk will be six hundred feet ; 
higher than the loftiest of the eternal pyramids. The remains 
of Washington will be placed in the centre of the Monument, 
which will cost, as estimated, SI, 122,000. The following ex- 
tract from the remarks of Mr. Winthrop, upon the occasion of 
laj' ing the corner stone in 1848, are so appropriate, that wc can- 



IJPE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 27 

not refrain from quoting them for their beauty and patriotic 
sentiment : 

" ' Let the column which we are about to construct, be at once 
a pledge and an emblem of perpetual Union ! Let the founda- 
tions be laid, let the superstructure be built u^) and cemented, 
let each stone be raised and riveted in a spirit of national 
brotherhood ! And may the earliest rays of the rising sun, till 
that sun shall set to rise no more, draw forth from it daily, as 
from the fabled statue of antiquity, a strain of national har- 
mony, which shall strike a responsive chord in every heart 
throughout the Republic!" 

'"Proceed, then, fiellow-citizens, with the work for which you 
have assembled ! Lay the corner stone of a monument which 
shall adequately bespeak the gratitude of the whole American 
people to the illustrious Father of His Country ! Build it to 
the skies, you cannot out-reach the loftiness of his princijoles ! 
Found it, on the massive and eternal rocks ; you cannot make 
it more durable than his fame! Construct it of the peeidess 
Parian marble ; you cannot make it purer than his life I Ex- 
haust upon it the rules and principles of ancient and modern 
art; you cannot make it more proportionate than his character!' " 

The following address, delivered at different times and places 
to the people of Tennessee, is but one of two prepared by Mr. 
Hatton, as an appeal in behalf of this great national tribute to 
him who was " first in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts 
of his countrymen!" 

THE WASHINGTOInT MONUMENT. 

address-By Robert hatton, esq. 

Ladies and Gentlemen : — Monuments to public benefactors are consecrated 
by the best feelings of the human heart, and by the conforming customs 
of the wisest nations. Wherever a love of country has been a ruling prin- 
ciple, there the achievements of the good and great have been commemorated 
by monuments, statues, paintings, medals, inscriptions, and other sensible 
forms of national approval. Pure democracies, republics and monarchies 
have sometimes proved ungrateful ; yet by an enlightened, virtuous and 
patriotic people, wisdom and virtue and valor, have never gone unrewarded ; 
not only have men thought it proper that their gratitude for distinguished 



28 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT IIATTON. 

public services sliould be thus publicly expressed, but they have seen that 
these evidences of public approbation have quickened the spirit of patriot- 
ism in ■which those services had their birth ; and, at the same time they 
served as rebukes to those who would work injury to their country, they in- 
spired others with a noble rivah-y in vrorks of public utility. Rome was free 
so long as she cherished the examples of her benefactors ; her liberties per- 
ished so soon as she became careless of their deeds, indifferent to their fame, 
cold to their glorj'. 

Nearly two generations have lived and died since the death of Washing- 
ton ; yet it was only on the 4th of July, 1848, that his country laid the first 
stone of a National Monument to his memory. Often does the wondering 
stranger inquire, whence this delay ? Do Americans not admire the character 
so much revered abroad? Or, is it true, as so often cLarged, that all their 
feelings are absorbed in an insatiable lust for gain ; that they are under the 
influence of a degrading and shameful parsimony '! I can answer him, that 
Americans do admire the character of Washington, and that they are alto- 
gether sensible of the debt of gratitude they owe him. What answer is to 
be given to his last inquiry, as to our liberality, or rather the charge of par- 
simoniousncss, you whom I address, are, in part, to determine. 

That the memory of Washington is pre-eminently worthy of the honor 
proposed to be conferred upon it ; that no requital of the obligations which 
his country is under to him, can be too generous, you have ever believed. 
But does some disciple of the Utilitarian School, who estimates every thing 
in proportion to the pecuniarj' profit it yields, ask what good will this Monu- 
ment do ? I answer him, incalculable good. Will it not be a mere orna- 
mental encumbrance, destitute of all practical value ? I answer him, no. 
As well might he consider the splendid varieties of a botanical garden, as 
intended merely for the bouquets of fashion, unmindful of their healing 
medical qualities ; as well might he deem the brightest stars that cluster in 
the firmament of heaven, mere brooches to adorn the brow of night, instead 
of important agents in God"s universal economy. 

As a mere work of art, it will be far from being useless. The cities of Egypt 
have crumbled into dust; some of the arts that flourished in her brightest days, 
are lost. Deserted land ! thy former glory has departed ! Thou art no longer 
the mistress of nations — the instructressof the world; warhas swept over thee, 
and the Persian conqueror has left desolation in his track ; yet thou shalt not be 
forgotten, for whilst thy pyramids, which have escaped the ruthless conqueror, 
and which shall defy the Avasting hand of time, shall rear their summits to 
their own bright sky, thy former granduer and glory and wisdom, shall form 
a testing place upon which memory shall delight to linger. Athens, how 
proud are thy monuments of public spirit, oven in their desolation! The 
turbaned Turk has ruled in the seat of Pericles, and the horse-tail has waved 
where the oegis was once displayed ; yet, the Parthenon still stands, though 
in ruins, yet in glory ; a fit emblem of the country, which, in its pride, it 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 29 

adored, and in its decay, now hallows ! The school-boy, whilst he gazes 
upon the shaft that I'ises from Bunker Hill, talks of the Acropolis ; and the 
patriotic citizen, while he blesses God that he was born in the land of Wash- 
ington, casts a look of reverence to the country of Aristides. 

But how much nobler destiny has our Monument, than the Pyramids or 
the Parthenon. The P^a-amids speak of nothing but the power of kings 
and the slavery of the people. Silent as the myriad that sleep at their base, 
they convey no moral — teach no lesson. The Parthenon, for want of a 
proper moral object, though so vast in its proportions, and beautiful in its 
embellishments, excites only a conviction of power and skill. We have said 
that our monument has a nobler destiny. It has an object — an object which 
clothes it with dignity and moral grandeur. To successive generations, as 
they rise up and gather about its base, it is to speak of courage and patriot- 
ism, of civil liberty and free government, and of the virtues and excellencies 
of him, who, cherishing in his bosom, above every other consideration, a 
love of his country, was himself, first in the hearts of his countrymen. 

Not only is it to speak of the glory of the Father of his Country, but of 
us who claim to be his children ; not only is it to be eloquent in the praise 
of him, who, without a sceptre, was greater than Alexander; without the 
robe, was greater than the Csesars, and without a crown, was more revered 
than all the princes of the earth; but it is to vindicate his country against 
the charge of ingratitude ; to consecrate the memory of her own, the strength 
of her own patriotism, the eternity of her own gratitude. It is to testify to 
the millions who are to come after us, that our republic is proud of her jew- 
els ; that she is not forgetful of her statesmen and heroes ; but delights to 
honor them while living, and to consecrate them when dead. 

Another office it is to perform : — it is to set the seal of his country's ap- 
probation to the principles and policy of Washington ; to imjirint afresh upon 
the minds of Americans the lessons of wisdom, the warnings, the entreaties, 
contained in that incomparable address, in which he bid them farewell ! I 
shall not make the slightest allusion to part}' ; such a course were unworthy 
of the circumstances which have brought us together, unworthy of him whom 
we would honor — would do gross violence to my own feelings. Butl will ask 
3'ou, not as Whigs or Democrats, not as men of the North or South, but as 
American citizens, I ask you, if ever there has been a time since the organi- 
zation of our government, when it was so vitally important that the great 
leading principles of Washington's policy should be remembered and acted 
upon? He taught us to abstain from inveterate antipathies, and to avoid 
characterizing parties by geograpical distinctions. What are the feelings 
which the great body of people of the North and South entertain toward 
each other? Are there any inveterate antipathies? Alas! for the peace 
and prosperity, happiness and honor of our country, there are but too many. 
How fashionable for the two great sections of our country to heap abusive 
epithets upon each other, and to discover in their most indifferent actions, 



30 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

treachery and insidious hostility. Is not public opinion approaching to that 
point, that a man, whether in the North or in the South, who refuses to join in 
this indiscriminate invective, shall incur odium, and expose his patriotism, 
— no, not his patriotism, but his sectionism — to suspicion ? Is the North our 
enemy ? By blood and inheritance she is not our foe, but is linked to us by 
the ties of a common language, a .common country — and these ties are 
strengthened by mutual interest. Let us not then speak of her with rancor, 
but in a spirit of fair and liberal appreciation. When she insults us, or in- 
jures us, let us demand reparation in bold and manly language ; let us not 
tamely submit to an infringement of our rights, but let us resist every en- 
croachment by every Constitutional means; let us scorn to engage with 
them in a war of words, to bandy vile epithets, or to retort her scurrility 
with congenial ribaldry. Whilst her infatuated mob, who aspire to be high- 
est, not as good American citizens, but as the enthusiastic champions of uni- 
versal liberty, claim it to be their duty, like Don Quixotes, to buckle on their 
armor, mount their Kosinantes, and set forth to liberate the world; whilst 
these men, inflamed by the tirades of hireling scribblers and aspiring dema- 
gogues, exhaust the vocabularly of Billingsgate upon us, let us not conde- 
scend to join with them in mutual recrimination ; let us not forget that true 
dignity is equally remote from truckling servility and gasconading defiance; 
let us not forget, that, in the language of Washington, we are fellow-citizens 
of a common country, and that, as such, we should strive to cherish toward 
each other, the most kindly feelings of friendship and regard. 

The Union of the States. What was his last advice to his countrymen? 
Cherish a cordial, habitual, immovable attachment to the Union; watch for 
its preservation with jealous anxiety: discountenance whatever may suggest 
even a suspicion that the Union can, in any event, be abandoned; and indig- 
nantly frown upon the first dawning of every attempt to alienate any part 
of our country from the other, or to enfeeble the sacred ties that bind to- 
gether the various parts. Are Americans taking heed to this advice? or, 
are there those who would disregard it? Are there those wlio would dare to 
weigh a local interest against the glory and perpetuity of our common coun- 
trj ? Are there those in our national councils who, disconcerting the wis- 
dom of the wise, and scattering to the winds the counsels of the prudent, 
would, in their madness, sacrifice upon the altar of their passions the dear- 
est interests and brightest hopes of their country? who declare that our 
glorious Union is no longer woi'th preserving; and that, without a material 
change in its organization, its dissolution is alike inevitable and desirable? 
Alas I there ai'c such men, both in the North and in the South. Men, there 
are who estimate the value of the Union with the same arithmetical smart- 
ness with which they would add up the columns of their cobbler's bill, and 
who speak as flippantly of secession and peaceable dissolution as if it were 
a matter of no consideration. Yes, in this day of almost unparalleled pros- 
perity ; after more than a half century's most happy experience of the bless- 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON 31 

ings of our Union ; when our Constitution has so amply falsified the pre- 
dictions of its enemies, and fulfilled every reasonable hope of its friends ; 
when we have become either the admiration or envy of all the nations of the 
earth, to the amazement of every well wisher of human liberty throughout 
the world, there are those who dare to speak of throwing away this priceless 
jewel, of demolishing this foundation stone of every national blessing, of 
cutting the cable that attaches us to this anchor of all our hopes. 

There are those who tell you to mark the man who sings halleujahs to the 
Union, and is for maintaining it in every extremity. I have no halleujahs to 
sing, no eulogiums to pronounce; abler hands have performed the task. 
But I have a sentiment to offer — it was the sentiment of AVashington : The 
Union; the support of our tranquility at home, our peace abroad, of our 
safety, our prosperity, of our very liberties themselves — the Union forever! 
If there be present one of the corps of the self-constituted markers, let him 
understand, that I am a candidate for his brand ; though it should blight all 
my youthful hopes and aspirations, let it now be afBxed ; I will wear it as an 
honorable scar received in my boyhood, not in a factious rebellion against 
my country, but in an honest support of her constitution, of her integrity, 
her unity ; with no blush of shame, I would lay it bear to my mother, and 
tell her: this I received in acting in obedience to the lessons •which you 
taught me in my infancy, whilst dandling me upon your knee, and talking 
of George and his hatchet — never to fear to speak the truth — to let nothing- 
deter me from the expression of an honest sentiment. To a venerable father 
I would show it, and say, you have ever taught me to adhere unflinchingly 
to the principles of Washington, and never to shrink from their vindication: 
here is the evidence that your lessons have not been wholly disregarded. 

Europeans have said that our government is a patchwork Republic, and 
are now predicting its hasty dismemberment. AVill Americans, by their con- 
duct, subscribe to their slanders ? Assist in fulfilling their malicious prophe- 
cies ? Forgetting or disregarding the simple maxims of their fathers, will 
they, like a madly drunken crew, with all their charts on board, under a 
clear sky, and on a smooth sea, drive, recklessly drive their ships of state 
upon the same rocks, around which they see lying so many gallant barks ? 
Shall our country, which fears not her enemies, and could not be conquered 
by the world, like a melancholy suicide, lay violent hands upon itself; fall, 
not pierced by the daggers of its foes, but by its own sword ? What 
thoughtless ignorance and demagogue ambition may bring to pass, can be 
known only to Him who foreseeth all things. But one thing is certain — 
whatever may be the fate of our country, however disastrous, if disastrous 
it be, it will be chargeable upon the jjeople themselves. If, they listen to 
appeals, which, though ostensibly addressed to their understandings, are de- 
signed only to strengthen their prejudices ; if from the lips and pens of 
false teachers, they are eager to learn the captivating texts of sedition, and 
permit their passions to supply the inferences ; if they are content to send 



32 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

to tlieir national councils the mere harpies and jackals of party, who, pan- 
dering and truckling to the promptings of their own petty ambition, feed on 
garbage and corruption, and pollute by their filthy touch, every fountain of polit- 
ical life; if unto the hands of men, who, like the phrensied, one-eyed Syclops, 
can see no further than the limits of the cavern of their passions and preju- 
dices, in which they reel ; if to such men they intrust their destinies ; if such 
should be their course, then, it will need no prophet's eye to foresee their 
ruin. But, let us hope for better things; let us, at least, determine, that al- 
though the friends of liberty throughout the world, may see us fall, they shall 
never see us recreant; that although we may fail to shield our Constitution 
and maintain our Union, we will maintain our integrity and our honor, so 
that Avithout shame, though with bleeding hearts, we may pay the last trib- 
ute, perform the last rites, shed the last tears, over a glorious but departed 
free Constitution. Let us, as Tennesseans, "call heaven and earth to wit- 
ness, that if Rome must fall, we are innocent." 

What were the States before the Union ? In the language of a distinguish- 
ed American, they were the hope of their enemies, and the fears of their 
friends, and were arrested only by the Constitution from becoming the dis- 
grace of the world. To what would they return were the Union dissolved? 
To a state worse than that from which the Constitution saved them ; return 
to it not as strangers who have never been allied, but as brethren alienated, 
embittered, inflamed, irreconcilably hostile. Aggression and war and con- 
quest would be the policy mutually adopted. Soon would their hands be wet 
with each other's blood, and ruin and horror and shame, together, would bm-y 
libertj' and the Constitution in the same grave. The dissolution of the 
Union! could it remedy a single evil? The dissolution of the Union! 
would it not bring upon us thousands ? The dissolution of the Union! is it 
not the height of impudence to threaten it? is it not madness to intend it? 
If the Union we cannot endure, the dream of the Revolution is over, and the 
melancholy announcement must be made to the world that a truly free gov- 
ernment is too good for mankind. If, when Kosciusko died, hope for a season 
bid the world farewell, when our Constitution shall be destroyed, shall it not 
take its everlasting flight? If, when he fell, Freedom shrieked at the down- 
fall of the country in the purchase of whose liberties he shed his blood, how 
fearful shall be its expiring agonies. 

Fellow-citizens, the fanaticism of certain men in another section of our 
country, their utter disregard of the most solemn obligations, may, itself, at 
some futuro period, work a dissolution of our Union ; then we shall be un- 
der obligations to no Constitution, have no Union to cherish; but until this 
is done, I shall place myself under no flaunting sectional banner, but my 
motto shall be ; 

" The union of lakes ami the union of Lands, 

The union of States, who shall sever ? 
The union of hearts and the union of hands, 

And the Hag of our Union, forever and ever, 
The flag of our Union, forever ! " 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 33 

"The Union, the palladium of your liberties, never surrender," saicllie 
whose ashes lie at Mount Vernon. " The Federal Union, it must be pre- 
served," Tvas the sentiment of him who sleeps near us, at the Hermitage. 
Are they not worthy sentiments ? Oh, that my tongue were in the thunder's 
mouth, that I might repeat them to every American; beg him to consider 
and ponder, to cherish and pi'actice — never to discard them. 

But, is any one curious to know why I have thought proper to remark 
thus upon subjects which may seem foreign to the business in which I am 
engaged? If there are such, I will inform them that I deem it proper that 
when individuals are solicited to contribute toward honoring the memory of 
a public man, that they should have freshly imprinted upon their minds 
what was his policy, and what were his princiijles. I have spoken this day 
in the name, and by the authority of Washington. If there be those present 
who cannot approbate his spirit and his policy, who do not subscribe to his 
principles, let it be understood that I desire no contribution of him. Let no 
such man offer one; I would disdain to receive it; such an offering were a 
sacrilege with which I would have nothing to do. 

But, not only is this Monument to mark the approbation by the American 
people, of the principles of Washington. Another great moral effect it is to 
have, is, that it will serve to excite the rising and coming generations to a 
nobler emulation in the performance of virtuous actions, evincing on the 
part of the people, a proper appreciation of virtue and patriotism, and a dis- 
position generously to honor them; whilst it will at the same time serve to 
check the unprincipled by reminding them that Washington is not forgotten — 
that his principles have not yet ceased to be valued, or his character to be 
venerated. It will serve as a grand rallying ground for freemen from the 
North and from the South, from the East and from the West, who, mingling 
together about it, and catching inspiration from the scene, shall bury their 
passions and their sectional prejudices, and together, around the great heart 
offering of the American people^ commune like brothers. Whilst thus talking 
of the objects had in view in its erection — of the character and virtues which 
it is intended to commemorate, and of the many glorious associations which 
shall cluster about it, striking hands together, they shall together thank God 
that they are fellow-citizens of a common country. The spirit of Washing- 
ton, hovering over its summit, shall breathe upon the pilgrim at its base, the 
same love of justice, of liberty and of country, that ever inspired the great 
exemplar ; and leaving the consecrated spot, he shall carry with him feelings 
and emotions which shall make him a wiser and better man. It will associ- 
ate us and those who come after us, with those who have gone before us, ren- 
dering brighter their virtues, and recalling their services— awakening the 
gratitude, and appealing to the best feelings of the human heart. Who has 
not felt the power of association ? Little is he to be envied, who could stand 
unmoved upon the Common of Lexington — walk with indifference over the 
plains of Camden, or sail along the shores of Erie and Champlain, unmindful 



34 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

of the gallant tars that sleep beneath their waves, and without once recalling 
the proud achievements of a Perry or a Lawrence. Yes, he who shall visit 
our Capital, and look upon this monument of a nation's affection, and not 
feel his bosom warm, and his heart expand with the holy fire of patriotism, 
must be destitute of all that is admirable in human character. 

The Monument will, when completed, be a most fit emblem of him whoso 
name it bears — immovable in its foundations, just in its proportions, and 
pointing to heaven, the home and city of refuge of the faithful. His integ- 
rity and principles, were, indeed, as firm as the earth on wliioli it shall stand; 
and, as in height and grandeur, it shall exceed the loftiest and proudest 
monuments of the world, so the colossal grandeur of his character towers 
high above the greatest men of earth. As its summit will approach nearer 
to heaven than any other work of art, so in character and life, of all the 
men who have lived, he most nearly approached to the purity of its inhabi- 
tants. As in the firmament of heaven, there is one star so prominent in 
brightness, as, in the opinion of Astronomers, to constitute a class by itself, 
so, in the years of the history of the world, among the multitude of the 
great who have attracted the attention of mankind, the name of Washington 
stands alone in the solitude of its glory. And so, among the tombs, and 
temples, and towers, the pyramids and Mausoleums, which men have built, 
this Monument to his memory, is to stand in height and grandeur, without a 
rival ! 

Is there an individual present who claims to be an American, who, pos- 
sessing the ability, will refuse the proffered honor of being permitted to con- 
tribute to so noble, so patriotic an enterpise ? It is said that there are men 
who repudiate every thing that cannot be made subservient to the acquisition 
of wealth — who are incapable of appreciating any thing above the charms 
that sparkle in the dust. Such men may be loud in their professions of ad- 
miration of, and their gratitude to public benefactors, but is not their sincer- 
ity to be questioned ? Such men may prate fluently about liberty, but, poor 
degraded slaves, liberty is infinitely above their comprehension. All the 
liberty they understand, is the liberty of keeping their money free from des- 
potic and ecclesiastic exactions, safely in their own pockets. Do not under- 
stand me as depreciating the character of Americans ; we are proud of the 
position they occupy under their free institutions. We merely wish it un- 
derstood, that if there are those among us of the class alluded to, that nothing 
is expectod or desired from them; let them be excused. It is not from such 
men that I want contributions, but from those who have enough of mind 
and of soul — if I may be permitted the expression — to appreciate a senti- 
ment of gratitude. This Monument is not to be built by spiritless slaves, 
but by intelligent, generous freemen. 

But there may bo those, who, though professing to care nothing for the 
money they give, may yet not be disposed to give, and who may attempt to 
offer a reason for their course. Says one, the aid of marble is not necessary 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTOX. 35 

to eternalize the name of Washington. This is admitted ; but, as already 
remarked, this Monument is to be erected, rather to peipetuate the memory 
of our gratitude, than his renown. Why does the atfectionate. parent place 
over the grave of the beloved child the marble slab? Lest that child's name, 
its amiable and lovely ti-aits of character, may fade from memory? No; 
but because the best feelings of the human heart prompt the parent thus to 
evidence its love for the child. But, saj^s another, his deeds were so match- 
less, both in war and in peace, the debt of gratitude is so immense, no mon- 
ument which man can build can discharge it. This, and much more is true, 
but how unnatural and heartless the reasoning, how contemptible and false 
the logic, that would extort from the very magnitude of the services to which 
we owe our all, an argument against any discharge of the debt. I am not 
able, says one, to give a large sum, and I am ashamed to give a small one, so 
I'll not give any. You are mistaken, sir, as to your ability, and are stingy, 
or you are permitting a very foolish sort of pride to influence you. If you 
have the means, you have no excuse for not contributing liberally ; if you 
have not, are you so childishly weak as to be ashamed to give an amount 
which might lead to the suspicion of the truth, that j'ou are not rich. Let 
no man try to shield himself behind such flimsy excuses. 

But, says another, the citizenfe of our town have to give so much toward 
charitable purposes, etc., etc. — we are so hard pressed, therefore you must 
not expect much. For all who ofi"er this pitiable excuse, I shall feel so much 
sympathy, as not to desire any thing from them. But how does this sound, 
when we remember, that in New England, in one county, there has been 
more money given annually to benevolent and charitable purposes, than in anj' 
fifty of the counties of Tennessee, taken together; that in that one county 
yea, in one town in that county, yea, by the wives and daughters of the 
close-fisted Yankees, of the City of Boston, there was given $30,000 to the 
erection of the Bunker Hill Monument. Remember, also, in this connection 
that this is the last time you are to have an opportunity to contribute toward 
the erection of a Monument to Washington. 

Do not understand me as trying to force, or even persuade any man to 
give; I have no such purpose. I have wished merely, in all I have said, to 
let you see where you really stand ; to awake you, as my fellow-citizens, (o 
a sense, a consciousness of the humiliating position which we as Tennesse- 
ans occupy, as compared with some of our sister States. 

Youth is generous; its patriotism is free from selfishness ; it is full of just 
and ardent impulses ; a long life is before it, and it feels a deep interest in 
whatever is to influence its future. From the young men, then, shall we be 
disappointed in expecting something handsome toward forwarding this great 
work ? 

Is there a father present, who would produce upon the mind of his boy the 
impression that he is sincere in his professions of admiration and love for 
the character of Washington — who would excite that boy to a noble emula- 



36 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

tion, beget within him a vrorthy ambition, he has now an opportunity. Let 
him have the certificates at the bottom of these engravings* filled up with 
such a sum as he is disposed to give, and hang them upon the walls of his 
dwelling. 

I have no fulsome compliment for the ladies ; let them not blush, then, 
while I speak a word of female patriotism. Every lady should be a patriot, 
and should feel a deep interest in the patriotic work now in progress, to 
honor him who did so much to bless them. During those dark days of blood 
and war, that achieved our country's liberty, who sustained and fed the fires 
of freedom? Whose prayers and gushing sympathies went forth with our 
troops, to give energy and success to the bloody strife? The mothers, the 
wives, the daughters of that day, that emphatically tried men's souls. 

Other days and other nations have individual instances of female heroism 
and patriotism. We can point, among many others, to a Lydia Danah, to 
the wife of John Adams, and to the mother of Washington. In history we 
are told of the females of a nation who contributed their jewels to the sup- 
port of their armies ; but never has women more generously toiled and sac- 
rificed, than in t!ie days of our own Revolution. Are the females of the 
present day less patiiotic? We cannot believe so. Should they forget the 
examples of a noble ancestry, become regai-dless of that love of liberty and 
religion which they cherished, and give themselves up to the follies that en- 
gage the attention of the females in some other nations, then Ichabod shall 
he written upon our altar fires. But we are glad to believe, they never will. 
In certain sections of our country they have given the strongest evidences of 
patriotism. The ladies of Boston, as already stated, gave $30,000 to the 
erection of the Bunker Hill Monument. I ask the ladies of Tennessee, of 
Lebanon, at least, their approbation. 

Let all good men and women, then, contribute; let them feel that it is a 
privilege to do so ; let the monument be completed ! In the language of one 
of our most gifted orators and statesmen, ^^ Let it rise 'till it meets the sun in 
his coming; let the earliest light of morning gild it, and parting day linger and 
play about its summit^ 

* These were lithographic engravings of Washington, on sheets, octavo size, with 
certificates just under them, except the bhinks for the names of the donors, the sums 
given, and the names of the agents. These engravings were furnished the agents bj' 
the Board of Directors for the Washington Monument Association, and distriliuted 
by the agents amo.ig the people who contributed to this noble work. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 37 



CHAPTEE III. 

1S52. His Marriage— Dissolves Partnership with Colonel Stokes— Forms a Law 
Partnership with Nathan Green, Jr. — Mutual Conlidenoo in each other — Keep no 
Booli of Accounts— Dissimilarity of Tastes and Difference of Opinions — Always 
Friends— They Dissolve Partnersliip— Green becomes Professor of Law— Ilatton 
continues in his profession — Large and remimerative practice — Supports General 
Scott for the Presidency — Solicited to run for Congress— Elected to the Tennessee 
Legislature— His Speech on the Organization of the House — Takes a prominent 
stand— Placed upon Important Committees— The Memphis Bonds Bill— His Speech 
upon it— Letters to his AVife— His Opinion of Governor Johnson, as expressed there- 
in — Is captivated hy Murdock, the Tragedian— Acknowledges he has aspirations — 
Is not insensible to Praise or Censure— The Normal School Bill, the darling meas- 
ure of the Session with him— His Letter to Professor Lindsley— 1855. 

On the 16th day of December, 1852, Mr. Hatton was manned 
to Miss Sophie K. Eeillj, of Williamson County, Tenn. He 
now dissolved his connection with Col. Stokes, and formed a 
partnership with Nathan G-reen, Jr., with whom he continued 
in the practice of his profession about three years. Few men. 
perhaps, have greater confidence in their partners than did 
Ilatton and G-rcen. They kept no book of accounts against 
each other ; when one received money for service rendered by 
the firm, he divided with the other ; so that, when they dis- 
solved their coj)artnership, they had no settlement to make. 
Although they were partners in the practice of law, yet the}' 
possessed quite a dissimilarity of tastes and opinions. Hatton 
was indefatigable in his legal studies, and in his devotion to 
his clients, even to the neglect of his domestic duties ; Green 
was likewise a good student, but Avas inclined to j)ay more at- 
tention to the comforts of his family, the culture of his garden, 
etc., rather than devote his Avhole time and talents to his client- 
age. Hatton studied well the politics of the country, while 
Green laid but little stress upon the subject ; Hatton Avas a 
Methodist in religion ; Green a Cumberland Presbyterian ; 
Hatton was a Whig, an American, or IvnoAV-Nothing, in politics. 



38 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

and Green an old-line Whig, and opposed to Kuow-Nothingism ; 
Hatton had no taste for music, while Green was a devotee at 
the shrine of Orpheus ; both were advocates of the cause of 
temperance, as well by example as by precept. Nothwith- 
standing they differed in their opinions and tastes, in many 
things, and agreed in but few, yet they were always warm, con- 
fidential, personal friends, free from the petty envies and jeal- 
ousies which sometimes estrange friends and cotemporaries. 

Thus they continued for nearl}^ three years, when the firm of 
Hatton and Green, Attorneys and Counselors at Law, was dis- 
solved by mutual consent: Hatton continumg in the practice of 
his profession, and Green accepting an adjunct Professorshi]) in 
the Law Department of Cumberland University. Prof. Green 
now fills the chair in the Law School, formerly occupied by his 
father, the late lamented ISTathan Green, Sr., for a long time 
one of the Judges of the Supreme Coui't of Tennessee. Mr. 
Hatton had now a large and remunerative practice, and stood 
in his profession, among the first at the Lebanon Bar, which 
was, perhaps, as distinguished for its legal ability, as any other 
in the State. He was a staunch Whig, of the Henrj^ Clay 
school ; and in the Presidential campaign, in 1852, shivered 
many a lance .with the champions of Democrac}^, in the 5th 
Congressional District, of Tennessee. He had studied much of 
political economy, and few, if any of his age, were as Avell 
versed in the politics of the countr}^, as was Eobert Hatton. 
Doubtless, some still remember his youthful but able eftbrts in 
behalf of Scott and Graham. We copy from the Franklin 
Review^ whose editor was a delegate to the Convention held at 
Murfrecsboro' in June, 1852, to nominate a candidate for Elec- 
tor, for the 5th Congressional District, the following extract : 

"Before the Convention closed, our young friend Eobert Hat- 
ton, Esq., of Lebanon, being loudly called upon for a speech, 
responded in one of the most earnest, eloquent and enthusias- 
tic efforts we have listened to for many a day. He vindicated 
Gen. Scott in a most triumphant manner, from the many foul 
aspersions which have been attempted to be cast upon him. 
The speech throughout, was marked for its abilitj*, and the his- 
torical accuracy of every statement contained in it." 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 39 

"Coming events cast their shadows before them." So with 
him. His eifective and characteristic speeches, both at the bar 
and on the stump, had made him known beyond the circle of 
his immediate acquaintance, and all who knew him, marked 
him as the coming man. As early as in the Spring of 1853, 
there were many political friends Avho favored his nomination 
for Congress. Nor was the press silent concerning the matter. 
The Lebanon Herald^ his home paper, warmly pressed his 
claims, in the following highly complimentary language : 

"We hoist the name of Eobert Hatton, of Lebanon, at our 
mast-head this week, as the Whig candidate for Congress in 
this district, subject, however, to the decision of a Convention. 
We are confident we reflect the sentiments of nine-tenths of the 
Whigs of Wilson and iSumner, when we sa}' he is their choice 
for this office. 

"Mr. Hatton is too well known to the people of this district to 
require any commendation from us. Bold, eloquent and patri- 
otic, he would enter the canvass with zeal, and accomplish as 
much for the Whig party as any man that could be started. 
Affable and gentlemanlj^ in his manners — well informed on all 
subjects of State and National policy, he would discharge his 
duties as Eepresentative in Congress, with credit to himself and 
advantage to his constituents. 

"We would not disparage the claims of other gentlemen who 
have been spoken of in connection with this office. They are 
all good and true Whigs of acknowledged abilities, and would, 
no doubt, make faithful and efficient Eepresentatives. But it is 
conceded that Wilson is entitled to the honor of presenting the 
candidate. There is no difference of opinion on this point. She 
has never had but one Eepresentative* in Congress, and then 
for only one term. For twelve years in succession she has fur- 
nished the Elector for President in this district, and since the 
organization of parties in Tennessee, has stood first and fore- 
most in vindication of Whig men and Whig principles. She 
stands ready to do her duty again ; and Avith the eloquent 



*Hon. Robert L. Caruthers, of Lebanon, Avho was a member of the Twenty-sixth 
CougTess— lSll-2; since, for several years, one of the Judges of the Supreme Court of 
Tennessee. 



40 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

Henry* for G-overiior, and the gallant 3'oung Hatton for Con- 
gress, she would roll up such a majority in August next, as 
should cause every Whig in Tennessee to exclaim, 'Well done, 
old Wilson.' 

'•The delegates from this district to the State Convention, have 
designated the second Saturday in May as the time, and Leban- 
on as the place, for the meeting of the Convention to deter- 
mine who shall be the candidate. We hope Mr. Ilatton's claims 
will be fairly presented. Whatever the result may be, we 
pledge ourselves to acquiesce in the decision of the Convention 
and support the nominee most heartily." 

Mr. Hatton was at this time, but little i)ast twenty-six years 
of age ; and not quite eight years had elapsed since he came to 
Lebanon, the better to f)repare himself for a "country school- 
teacher !" 

In the Summer of 1855, Mr. Hatton was one of the nominees 
of his party, for Eepresentatives from Wilson county to the Gen- 
eral Assembly of Tennessee. He was elected by a very large 
plurality vote. Dr. John T. Gleaves, Avas the other successful 
candidate for the Legislature, Wilson county being entitled to 
two Eepresentatives ; and Wilson and DeKalb counties jointly 
constituted a Senatorial District, which was this term repre- 
sented by Col. Wm. B. Stokes ; since then, for several terms, a 
member of the l!^ational Legislature. 

The General Assembly convened on Monday, the first day of 
October, 1855, and continued in session five months. As might 
be expected, Mr. Hatton was promptly at his post. Owing to 
the nearly equal division of the House, as to AVhigs and Demo- 
crats, four days had passed away before an organization of that 
body could be ctfected. There were some three or four candi- 
dates for Si")eaker,j and it was with difficulty that an election 

*Hoii. Gustavus A. Henry, of Montgomery County, the noniiuee of the Whig party 
for Governor, iu 1S53. He was tlefeatoil by the Democratic nominee, Hon. Andrew 
Johnson, now President of the United States. 

•fAVe may here state tlie fact, that in a body comi)o<ed of some of the ablest men 
in the State, liis name was presented for Speaker of the House, and in the caucus, 
Gov. Xcill S. IJrown beat him only a few votes, and secured the nomination. "This," 
says Col. Kolfe S. Saunders, from Mhom we get our information, "was a very dis- 
tinguished mark of the confidence and high regard held for him by the members of 
that body, and was, indeed a high compliment." 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBEKT IIATTON. -41 

was had. How it was finally eftected, will be shown by the fol- 
lowing Legislative Summaiy, from the Nashville True Whig, 
of the 5th of October: "In the House yesterday, the motion of 
Mr. Dortch providing for the election of Speaker by plurality 
vote, having come np in order, Mr. Hatton offered a substitute 
which was adopted. The substitute pi'ovided substantially that 
after three additional ballots for Speaker without an election, 
another ballot should be had, and the candidate having the 
highest vote of a qiiorum should be declared elected. It was 
laid on the table, and subsequently, with a view to get it again 
before the House, a motion was made to reconsider. The Clerk 
proceeded to call the House, on the motion, and Mr. Hatton, 
when his name was reached, obtained leave to give the reasons 
for the vote he was about to give. In doing this, he made a 
brief but comj)rehensive and cogent argument in favor of his 
resolution — an argument, the force of which, we cannot see 
how the minority can resist. In the course of it he referred to 
the patriotic conduct of Whigs, who, under circumstances iden- 
tical Avith those in which the House was now involved, chose 
rather to vote for, and did vote for, and elect, the Democratic 
candidate for Speaker of the Senate, two years ago, rather than 
delay the organization of that bod3\ He cited also a resolu- 
tion which had some j'ears since been offered in the House of 
Eepresentatives of the United States by Governor Johnson, 
when that body was unable to make an election of Speaker, 
and read from a speech made by Governor Johnson on that oc- 
casion. His substitute, he said, was a copy of one which had 
been adopted in lieu of Governor Johnson's resolution, and 
which secured the organization of the House. When he closed, 
the motion to reconsider was withdrawn, and the election of 
Speaker again taken up. Gov. Brown having, Avhen his name 
was called, withdrawn from the canvass, after making a neat 
and appropriate speech in exj^lanation — the House took a re- 
cess for dinner. 

" In the evening, Gen. Donelson, after some explanatory- re- 
marks, withdrew his name' as a candidate for Speaker. 

" The resolution offered in the morning by Mr. Hatton was 
then adopted, and in pursuance thereof, Hon. Neill S.Brown, on 



42 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTOX. 

the 4th ballot thereafter, it being the forty-ninth call of the 
House, having received a plurality of votes, was declared elect- 
ed Speaker." 

REMARKS OF ROBT. HATTON, OF WILSON. 
In tlie House of Representatives, on Thursday, Oct. 4th, the following pre- 
amble and resolution, oifered by Mr. Hatton, and adopted in lieu of a reso- 
lution offered tlie day before, by Mr. Dortch, were, on motion of Mr. Cavitt, 
laid on the table : 

" WiiiCREAs, The interest of the State requires the speedy organization of 
this House, and a prompt discharge of the duties devolved upon us as 
the Representatives of tl)e people ; and, whereas, three days have been 
spent in useless efforts to elect a Speaker of this House, and forty-live 
inctfcctual ballots have rendered it wholly improbable that said officer can 
be chosen in accordance with the practice heretofore prevailing, of re- 
quiring a majority of all the votes cast to elect, therefore, for the purpose 
of enabling this House to make said election. 

Be it Resolved, That the House will immediately proceed to the election of 
Speaker viva voce; and if, after the roll shall have been called three times, 
no member shall have received a majority of the whole nimiber of votes, the 
roll shall again be called, and the member who shall then receive the high- 
est number of votes, provided it be a majority of a quorum, shall be de- 
clared to be elected Speaker." 

Mr. Wilson, of Carroll, moved to reconsider the vote laying the preamble 
and resolution on the table, and the Clerk proceeded to call the roll. 

Mr. Hatton, when his name was called, obtained leave to explain his vote, 
which he did, in substance, as follows: 

Mr. Hatton said that he disliked to consume the time of the House, but, by 
permission of the chair, he would submit briefly his reasons for the vote he 
intended to give, upon the motion then pending. He was anxious, if possible, 
to prevent the defcatof the resolution which he had offered in lieu of the one 
offered by the gentleman from Fayette, (Mr. Dortch.) He had introduced it 
for the purpose of putting an end to an unpleasant and unprofitable contest 
on that floor. Three days had been, already, spent in fruitless efforts to 
make an election; and without the adoption of the resolution, there was but 
little, if any, prospect, of better success in the subsequent ballotings. The 
treasury of the State was being taxed — the time of the individual members 
of the House, who were absent from their families and business at home, and 
who were desirous that the present session of the Legislature should be 
short, was being spent, in what was little better than the merest child's play. 
Forty-five ballotings had been had — the last, and every intermediate one, 
with, perhaps, two exceptions, were identical with the first. He inquired of 
gentlemen what was the necessity for this state of things ? Was not the in- 
dividual for whom a plurality of the votes had been cast, qualified for the 
position? No man upon that floor, had any doubt of it. Upon that gentle- 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON 43 

man he had no eulogium to pronounce. He needed none. He had, however, 
a remark to make, as connected Tvith the manner in which his name had been 
presented as the candidate of that side of the chamber for the Speakership. 
That gentleman, he supposed, no one who knew him, would imagine had de- 
sired, much less sought, the position. On the contrary, he had desired, and 
so repeatedly expressed himself, that some other person^of his party, should 
be presented as the candidate. The position, though one of importance, was 
so far below, in point of dignity, other stations to which that gentleman had 
been called, that it could hardly reflect any additional honor upon him. 
Once Governor of Tennessee — a successful and highly esteemed Minister at 
one of the most important courts of Europe — distinguished, not merely in 
party politics, but at the bar — an ornament to the social circle, and by all 
who knew him, respected for his integrity and honorable bearing, why should 
he seek the position of Speaker ? He has not. These remarks have been 
made for the reason, that some may have imagined, because Gov. Brown had 
not voted for the gentleman from Sumner, that he was anxious himself to 
be Speaker. He was prompted by the nicest sense of delicacy, in not voting 
for Gen. Donelson. Had he thus voted. Gen. D. would have been expected to 
reciprocate the courtesy, and this would have made Governor Brown Speaker 
at once. The claims of his party upon his vote, on the one hand, would have 
been brought in conflict with an obligation to reciprocate a courtesy on the 
other. Gov. B. had determined to place him in no such situation. He hoped 
gentlemen on the other side of the chamber would appreciate the motives 
controlling Gov. B. This vindication of his course, had not been solicited 
by Gov. B. It was, however, none the less proper that it should be made. 

He thought the resolution should be adopted. Its passage would do the 
other side of the House no injustice. A majority of those voting for the two 
candidates put in nomination, desired the election of Gov. Brown. Should 
the adoption of the resolution result in his being selected for that position, 
who could complain ? Could it be expected that the thirty-six members 
voting for Gov. B., should surrender their choice ? — permit the thirty-five, 
voting for Gen. Donnelson, to control the election, and determine who should 
be Speaker? Should the majority bejexpectcd to make a concession to the 
minority ? Should not the minority rather make the concession to the ma- 
jority ? No principle was involved. It was merely as to who should be the 
Speaker of the House, decide questions of order, and preside over their de- 
liberations — that they differed. No dishonor, then, could attach to the mi- 
nority in making such a concession, and thereby rendering an organization 
of the House practicable. 

He would refer gentlemen on the other side of the House, to one of several 
instances, to be found in the history of the Legislature of Tennessee, in 
which those having it in their power to prevent an election of a presiding 
officer, as the minority in that House were then doing, had determined to 
act quite dififerently. At the last session of the Legislature, thei-e were 



44 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

twelve Whigs and thirteen Democrats in the Senate. Upon the first ballot, 
the Whigs voted for one of their party, Mr. Carriger — the Democrats voting 
for Mr. Polk. There was no election. It was in the power of the twelve 
Whigs, by continuing to vote as tliey did on the first ballot, to prevent an 
election, and obstruct the organization of the Senate. They chose to act 
differently. On the second ballot, eight of the Whigs voted for Mr. Polk ; 
thereby conferring on him an honor, which he said, in his address, upon 
taking the chair, was " greatly enhanced in value by the singular unanimity 
with which it had been given.' 

But it had been objected, that it was not lawful to elect the Speaker by a 
plurality vote, as contemplated by his resolution. He could not see why. 
Whei'e was the difficulty? It would not be pretended that there was any- 
thing in our Federal Constitution, or the statutes passed by our National 
Legislature, having even a remote reference to the question. The Constitu- 
tion of Tennessee contained but one clause in regard to elections made by 
our General Assembly. That clause provided, that such elections should be 
viva roce, and that the names of those voting, should be entered on the Jour- 
nal. It contains nothing as to whether a majority should be required to 
elect, or whether a plurality should be sufficient. The framers of the Con- 
stitution intended merely to direct the manner in which (he votes should be given 
— by ballot, or viva voce, and not to determine tvhat number should be neces- 
sary to make an election. There was, then, no difficulty in the way of the 
resolution, in our State Constitution. Was there any in the statutes of the 
State? Every lawyer upon that floor, he presumed, knew that no statute 
had been enacted on the subject. By a resolution adopted at the present 
session, the Rules of Oi-der governing the last Legislature had been adopted 
for the temporary government of the present. They, howevei', contained 
nothing on the subject; where then, he inquired of gentlemen, was the legal 
objection to the resolution? One — only one — had been suggested. The gen- 
tleman from Hamilton, (Mr. Burch,) seemed to think that the clause of our 
State Constitution, providing that all elections made by the Legislature 
should be viva voce, presented a difficulty in the way of the adoption of the 
resolution. He had already examined that clause, and the attention of the 
House having been called to its language, he presumed it no longer could be 
thought to be in conflict with the provision^, of the resolution. 

But suppose the resolution should be adopted, and a Speaker elected by a 
plurality vote, and subsequent reflection and examination should satisfy us 
that we have no right to elect a Speaker, except by a vote of the majority, 
could any serious evil result? He imagined not. Who is the Speaker, he 
inquired. One of the members of that House, selected to occupy the chair, 
to preserve order, and preside over their deliberations. As Speaker, he had 
notliing to do with the passage of laws; it was his dutj' to sign all laws 
passed by the Legislature, not, however, to give them validity ; not that his 
signature was essential, in order that they shall go into operation, and be 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 45 

enforced in our courts. Not at all. His signature can give to it no vitality 
or dignity it did not previously possess. AVere his signature essential to the 
validity of a statute, by refusing it, he could veto the Act of the Legislature. 
That he has such power will not be pretended. The object had in view, in 
requiring the Speaker to sign bills and resolutions that passed the Legisla- 
ture, was to evidence, by that means, to the country, the fact of its passage. 
In the absence of this evidence, other proof of the passage of a statute 
might be adduced, and the courts would not hesitate to declare it the law. 
So, should the election of a Speaker by a plurality vote, be as clearly unlcno- 
ful, as he was free to admit, it was contrary to a ivell established usage, in our 
Legislature, still, no harm could result. Whatever laws were passed by 
them, would be "none the less the laiv," by reason of any irregularities in 
the election of a Speaker. 

But was it proper, he inquired, in view of the circumstances surrounding 
them, to disregard an established custom, in the election of Speaker? That 
side of the House had endeavored, by every means in their power, and by a 
resort to every honorable expedient, to avoid such a necessity. But they 
were still just where they were three days ago, as regarded the organization 
of the House. They were sitting there at an expense to the State, of over 
five hundred dollars per day. Something had to be done. It was in this 
state of things, that he confidently looked for a vindication of himself, and 
those with whom he acted, in their innovation upon an established usage. 

He disliked longer to trespass upon the time of the House, but he desired 
to call the attention of the gentlemen to a precedent, for the course that 
those for whom he spoke, were disposed to pursue. 

Upon the meeting of the Thirty-first Congress, there was great difficulty 
in electing a Speaker. No name put forward for the position could command 
a majority of the votes cast. After three days of ineffectual ballotings, a 
distinguished gentleman, then in that body, from Tennessee, and for whose 
opinions, gentlemen on the Democratic side of the House, he presumed, had 
great deference, introduced the following resolution: 

^^ Resolved, That if, on the next vote of this House for Speaker, no indi- 
vidual shall receive a majority of all the votes cast, the individual receiving 
a plurality of the votes, shall be Speaker of the House of Kepresentatives 
for the present session, and be so declared by the clerk." 

In support of that 7'esolution, said Mr. Hatton, Andrew Johnson, who in- 
troduced it, remarked, " that he moved the adoption of this resolution, well 
aware that it deviated from the established custom and usage of the House, 
in electing a Speaker. So far as precedent was concerned, when he was sat- 
isfied that good was to result from a strict compliance with it — for one, he 
was disposed to comply with it. But this Congress had convened for the 
purpose of disposing of the public business, of subserving the public inter- 
ests; they had been now two days trying to elect a Speaker; this was the 
third day ; he believed fourteen votings had taken place, and no Speaker was 



46 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

elected. A Speaker elected by a plurality vote, notwithstanding it would be 
a departure from the established custom, would answer all the useful pur- 
poses of a Speaker elected by, a majority. He thought that the demonstra- 
tions that had been made in their repeated ineffectual efforts, proved most 
conclusively that they could not electa Speaker by a majority, in any reason- 
able length of time. He was willing, therefore, under the circumstances, to 
waive the general rule, to make an innovation upon the established custom, 
in order to effect an organization without a farther waste of time. * * 

"He wanted a Speaker elected, either a Whig or a Democrat; let them for 
the present session, innovate upon the established custom, and at once pro- 
ceed to the business for which they had assembled." 

This I'esolution, said Mr. Hatton, was not adopted, but was laid on the 
table. Upon Mr. Bui-k's moving to lay it on the table, Andrew Johnson re- 
mai-ked: " Can we have the ayes and nays taken on that proposition? I 
want to see who it is that is in favor of standing out and opposing the or- 
ganization of this House." 

Mr. Staunton, upon Governor Johnson's resolution being laid on the table, 
introduced a resolution having in view the same object as that of Governor 
Johnson. Mr. Hatton's resolution was an exact copy of that of Mr. Staun- 
ton, which was adopted by the House of Representatives, and under which 
a Speaker was elected. It was voted for by Governor Johnson, Mr. Staun- 
ton, Mr. Andrew Ewing, and other distinguished gentlemen whose names 
might be enumerated, and for whose opinions, he knew gentlemen, on the 
other side of the House, had high regard. 

The present situation of this House, said Mr. Hatton, was precisely that 
of the House of Representatives when the resolutions of Governor Johnson 
and Mr. Staunton were introduced, and when Governor Johnson made the 
speech, from which he, (Mr. Hatton) had been reading. He would not attempt 
to control the action of gentlemen, by imposing upon them the opinions of 
others. He had read what was said by Governor Johnson on that occasion, 
in order that gentlemen might know what were his views of what was proper 
to be done on that occasion, and the reason assigned by him, for his opinion. 
Mr. Hatton thought that they were full of pi'actical good sense, and respect- 
fully recommended them to the consideration of those opposed to the adop- 
tion of his resolution. He thanked the House for their polite attention to 
what he had to say ; he had been prompted to make these remarks, hoping, 
that, by possibility, some member might feel disposed to act upon them, and 
to give to his resolution his vote, which, if adopted, would secure the organi- 
zation of tne House. 

Mr. Pope here inquired of Mr. Hatton if he had read that part of Gov- 
ernor Johnson's speech, referring to Jacob's Ladder? Mr. Hatton replied 
that he had not ; he hardly presumed it necessary. The gentleman was 
doubtless much more familiar with it, than with the Lord's Prayer, 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 47 

Thus, Mr. Hiitton's energy, practical good sense, and convinc- 
ing arguments, together with the patriotic and magnanimous 
conduct of the two more j^rominent candidates, Gov. Brown 
and Gen. Donelson, went far to bring about a more speedy elec- 
tion of Speaker, and, consequently, an early organization of the 
House. Though numbered among the youngest members of the 
House, Mr. Hatton took a prominent position in the Legislature 
in the outset, and most triumphantly did he sustain himself 
throughout the session. 

Both branches of the Legislature having been organized, a 
Joint Select Committee, from both Houses, was appointed to 
draft KuLES of Order for the government of the House of 
Eepresentatives, and Joint Eules of the Two Houses. Eobert 
Hatton was Chairman upon the part of the House, and J. 
W. Carter, of Franklin, upon the part of the Senate. Of the 
standing committees of the House of Eepresentatives, Mr. Hat- 
ton was appointed ujjon three of the thirteen — Internal Im- 
provements, Judiciary and Penitentiary ; of the latter, he was 
Chairman. In all these committees he was prompt, energetic, 
and labored faithfully. As a member of the Committee on In- 
ternal Improvements, he, with others, reported favorably upon 
the bill to guarantee the payment by the State, of the bonds 
of the city of Memphis, issued and to be issued to the Mem- 
phis and Little Eock Eailroad Company. As a member of the 
House of Eepresentatives, he was earnest and untiring in his 
advocacy of the measure. His speech on this bill, was consid- 
ered one of the most effective, convincing arguments delivered 
in the House. He rose above every selfish or sectional consid- 
eration, and with a patriotic and comprehensive magnanimity 
that looked beyond the circle of sectional interest, regarded it 
not only as a State, but as a great national enterprise. Many of 
the newsjiapers of the countiy, not only in Tennessee, but in 
Kentucky and Arkansas, spoke in very commendable terms of 
the able and zealous efforts of Mr. Hatton in behalf of this 
measure. We copy only the following, from the Louisville 
Journal : — 

"A Speech in the Tennessee Legislature. — We publish 
to-day, a speech recently delivered in the Tennessee House of 



48 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

Eepresentatives b}' Mr. E. Hatton, upon the bill pending in that 
body, to give the indorsement of the State of Tennessee to the 
bonds of the city of Memphis to the amount of 8350,000, for the 
purchase of the iron for the first section of the Mempliis and 
Little Rock Eaih'oad. We publish this speech, parti}'- because 
it is a most excellent one, and partly because our readers in 
Kentucky, as well as in Tennessee, are deeply interested in the 
success of the measure which it advocates. 

" The bonds of the city of Memphis are not at this time, sala- 
ble in New York except at ruinous rates, for the reason that 
Memphis has not a name in that market, i^evertheless, every 
intelligent man in Tennessee, knows that Memphis is good for 
the payment of the interest and principal of her bonds ; for, in 
the first place, by her charter, taxation must always keep equal 
step with the issue of her bonds ; her present revenue exceeds 
her i^olice expenditure at least $160,000 per year, and is rapidlj^ 
increasing ; in the third place, she ovrns proj^erty worth about 
S2, 000. 000 ; and, in the fourth place, the whole of the property 
within her limits, public and private, is liable for her bonds. 
Of course there would not be the remotest possibility of Ten- 
nessee's sustaining the loss of a farthing b}' the indorsement of 
§350,000 of the bonds of Memphis, even if she were to be the 
first and only indorser ; but, in the present ease, it is proposed 
that the Memphis and Little Eock Eailroad Company, owning 
in fee simple, half a million of acres of surpassingly rich land 
along the route of the road, shall be the first indorser, so as to 
stand between Tennessee and responsibility, and that the State 
shall even have the additional security of a niortgage upon the 
iron, the cross-ties, and everything else belonging to the road. 

" Of course the idea that Tennessee, by indorsing under such 
circumtances, the Memphis bonds, would be incurring a risk, is 
perfectly preposterous. The question then arises as to what she 
would accomijlish by the indorsement. She would render Mem- 
phis bonds at once salable at a fair price, in the New York mar- 
ket, and thus put it in the power of the Memphis and Little Eock 
Eailroad Company to push their enterprise immediately and 
vigorously ahead. She would secure the speedy construction of 
■ a railroad from Memphis to Little Eock ; and a railroad from 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 49 

Little Eock to Fulton, on the eastern border of Texas, will soon 
be constructed ; for the G-eneral Government has given a very 
large amount of land for that purpose, along the route ; and a 
railroad will soon be constructed from Fulton throughout the 
whole extent of Texas toward the Pacific ; for Texas has made 
a most magnificent and princely grant of land for that purpose ; 
and when the road shall have reached the Pacific side of Texas, 
its completion to the ocean, will, of course, be an event not far 
off". The most stupendous project of the age will then be on the 
verge of consummation. The road from Little Eock to Fulton, 
and the road from Fulton to the "Western border of Texas, are 
certainties, for the immense grants of land will force their con- 
struction ; and then the road from the Western line of Texas to 
the Pacific, will be a certainty, because the distance will not be 
much, while the end to be attained will be great and glorious, 
almost beyond conception. But the question is, whether this 
great national road, the thoroughfare of continents and hemi- 
sjDheres, shall strike Tennessee. A resolute effort is being made 
to draw it to Vicksburg or some other Southern jjoint, and 
another effort, equally resolute, is being made, to draw it to Cairo 
or to some other point further North ; and, if either of these 
efforts shall succeed, the road will not touch Tennessee at all. 
The result must inevitably be determined by celerity of move- 
ment. If Tennessee can at once secure the opening of a road 
from her own commercial mart to Little Eock, she will certainly 
bring the great Pacific road, with all its boundless trade and 
travel, to her own borders — to the point whence her own roads 
radiate in all directions through her territory. And this, as we 
have shown, she can secure without risking the expenditure of 
a cent — simply by indorsing bonds that she knows she would 
not have to pay, just as well as she knows that she exists. It 
seems to us that she could not neglect such an opportunity with- 
out being guilty of the most extraordinary and unaccountable 
infatuation. She has given ^10,000 per mile for the construc- 
tion of the railroads within her limits, and now, with no danger 
of the least cost to herself, she can bring to the termini of these 
roads another road that will increase the trade and the travel of 
every one of them, five-fold ! She has expended hundreds of 
4 



50 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

thousands of dollars for securing railroad trade and travel with- 
in her borders, and now, without a farthing's expense, she can 
multiply that trade and travel indefinitely. Is it possible that 
her Legislature can seriously hesitate?" 

The following, as extensively published in several States, is a 

SKETCH OF THE SPEECH OF MR. HATTON, 
On the bill to guarantee the payment, by the State, of the Bonds 0/ the City of 

Memphis, issued and to he issued, to the Memphis and Little Rock Railroad 

Company, Monday, December lOth, 1855. 

Mr. Hatton said : I have attentively listened to all that has been said in 
this discussion, both for and against this bill. I have felt extremely anxious 
to arrive at a correct conclusion upon it — have considered of every fact and 
argument adduced, throwing any light upon the subject, giving to it the 
weight to which I thought it legitimately entitled, in the formation of my 
opinion. The result has been, that I now believe, as I did upon the first in- 
troduction of the bill, that it should be passed into a law. 

I do not propose, sir, any extended discussion of the merits of the bill. 
The argument in its favor has been already ably presented by the gentleman 
from Hamilton. But, as some gentlemen seem yet to hesitate how they should 
cast their votes, I will, in a few words, suggest the course of reasoning by 
which my mind was brought to a conclusion favorable to the bill. 

The State is asked to indorse the bonds of the city of Memphis to the 
amount of S350, 000, for the purchase of iron and rails for the Memphis & 
Little Rock Railroad; the company first indorsing the bonds, and the city of 
Memphis and the company giving to the State a specific lien upon the iron and 
rails of the road, as an additional indemnity. What liability would she in- 
cur by the indorsement? What risk would the State run of having to pay 
the interest of these bonds as it fell due, or the bonds themselves, at maturi- 
ty? This inquii-y involves others. They are : 1, What provision, if any, has 
Meniphi,~ made for the payment of the interest upon these bonds? 2, What 
capacity has she to meet the bonds themselves at maturity ? 3, In the event 
of Memphis failing to meet the bonds, and the interest accruing upon them, 
what indemnity would be afforded by the indorsement of the bonds by the 
company, and by the lien upon the iron and rails of the road? By the terms 
of the charter of the city of Memphis, the Mayor and Aldermen are com- 
pelled to adopt an ordinanace imposing a special tax for the purpose of meet- 
ing the interest upon these and other bonds issued by the city. So rigid are 
the terms of the Act of incorporation, in reference to this subject, that in the 
event the Mayor and Aldermen should refuse or neglect to adopt and enforce 
such an ordinance, they are disqualified for the performance of any other 
duties as officers of said corporation — nothing that they can do having any 
force or validity. There can be no danger, then, of the State's having to pay 
any interest upon these bonds. 



JilFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 51 

Of Memphis proving unable (o meet the bonds at maturity, it seems to 
my mind, sir, there is no reasonable grounds for apprehension. None! She 
is not only one of the richest, but one of the most thriving and prosperous 
cities in the Southern States. Her real estate is exceedingly valuable, and 
growing more so every day. Her navy-yard grounds and the Promenade, 
recently recovered by suit, together -with her other real estate, are not worth 
less, now, than $2,000,000. And if the ratio of increase of the value of real 
estate continues for a few years longer, as it has for the few last, her real es- 
tate will itself, be amply sufficient to pay her out of debt. Her income, for 
the last year, amounted to $72,000 more than her disbursements, including 
interest on her indebtedness of every character — this excess going to the dis- 
charge of the principal of her debt. Another idea that should not be lost 
sight of in estimating the pecuniary condition of Memphis : A very large 
proportion of her indebtedness has been created by stock subscribed in rail- 
roads. This stock is valuable. In some of the roads it is, or will very soon 
be, worth a pi-emium. In all, it will be vei'y near par. The means, then, thus 
invested, must not be regarded as lost. The indebtedness incurred in pro- 
curing it is cancelled, or very nearly, if not entirely so, by certificates of 
stock given for it. In all probability, by the time the bonds she has issued 
for railroads, are due, the stock in the roads will be gladly taken by the 
holders of the bonds, in exchange for them, dollar for dollar. This has re- 
cently been done in a number of cases. The city of Savannah furnishes an 
instance. The holders of her bonds have given them for her stock in various 
roads — the stock valued at par. Memphis, then, by taking stock in a number 
of roads, has not so much gone in debt, properly speaking, as made an in- 
vestment of her means. And, sir, by the time the bonds now asked to be 
indorsed by Tennessee shall fall due, the stock in the Memphis & Little 
Kock road, will, itself, be eagerly sought for, and taken in exchange for these 
bonds. If so, the bonds will be paid oif without Memphis having to make 
any draw upon her other resources at all. The road will have been built, 
costing her nothing. 

I do not believe, then, Mr. Speaker, that there can be any risk to the State 
in this indorsement, even if we look alone to Memphis for indemnity against 
loss. But, sir, before Tennessee indorses these bonds, the Little Rock & 
Memphis Railroad Company indorse them. This company has given to it 
near five hundred thousand acres of land by the Arkansas Legislature, to 
assist in building this road. This land, at such a price as it can be readily 
sold for after the road is built, it is thought, will very nearly, if not quite, 
pay for its entire construction. The company will then have the road without 
its having cost them anything — will have it and be free of all indebtedness. 
The indorsement of such a company would be a very safe protection to the 
State — its indorsement being first. But, then, sir, we are to have, before we 
indorse these bonds, a specific lien given us by the city of Memphis and the 
company, upon the iron and rails of the road, as additional indemnity, which 
is, of itself, a reasonable guai-antee against loss to the State. 



52 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

These considerations, Mr. Speaker, have satisfied my mind that Tennessee 
■would risk but little, if anything, in indorsing these bonds. But we are told 
that to pass this bill will be to set a dangerous precedent. I do not so un- 
derstand it. What is a precedent ? It is a decision, or something done or 
said, which serves as a rule for future determinations in similar or analogous 
cases, A case similar to the one presented in this application will not again 
occur in the history of legislation in Tennessee. No, sir! The marked and 
important features characterizing the enterprise intended to be assisted by 
the passage of this bill, distinguishing it from every other that can hereafter 
claim the assistance of the State, I shall briefly refer to in a few minutes. 

But, it is urged that the indorsement of these bonds will cheapen the 
bonds of the State, and those upon which she has lieretofere become indorsed, 
in the market ; and that, in this way, the State would suffer, if not otherwise. 
I believe, sir, that serious apprehensions are here entertained, where there is 
no danger. Why should this indorsement have the effect to depreciate the 
bonds ! The brokers of Wall street, and the dealers in bonds, in London and 
Paris, are men of practical sense — act upon common sense principles in their 
transactions. Well, now, sir, whether this indorsement shall have the effect 
to enhance or depreciate the value of our bonds, depends upon hoiv the pur- 
chasers of bonds shall regard this indorsement. If they regard it as haz- 
ardous and improvident legislation on our part, evincing carelessness as to 
the character and extent of the liabilities we incur, as a State, it would, no 
doubt, injure our credit, and lower the price of our bonds in the market. 
But should they see, as certainly they must, that Tennessee, by this indorse- 
ment, gives encouragement and assistance to an enterprise which will be of 
advantage to the State, to an extent almost incalculable — which will feed the 
roads in which she is largely interested as a stockholder, making productive 
her investments in them, and which will make Tennessee, in all human proba- 
bility, the thoroughfare through which shall pass the commerce of the world, 
arousing the energies of her people, and developing, to the fullest extent, her 
almost unequaled agricultural, mineral and manufacturing resources — Then, 
sir, instead of our credit being injured, it will be decidedly improved. Every 
element creating and fostering public credit will be almost indefinitely in- 
creased. 

The extent and character of the liability incurred by this indorsement I 
have already examined. It is just no liability at all, the indemnity aff'orded 
being unquestionable. But will the advantages to the State be as great as I 
have indicated ? This indorsement will secure the completion of the first 
division of the road, next to Memphis, in the time required in the charter of 
the company. This done, the completion of the whole road is made certain, 
and at an «arly day. The grant of lauds for the construction of a road from 
Little Rock to Fulton, will certainly secure the building of that road in a very 
short period of time. And the munificent grant of lands made by Texas, 
for the construction of a road from Fulton, across the whole State, toward the 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 53 

Pacific, will cerrtainly secure the building of that road. These roads built, 
you have about seven hundred miles of railroad from a point on the Jlississijjpi 
in the direction of (he Pacific. The result will be, if the opinions of those 
best informed are not disregarded, that, from the terminus of this road will 
speedily be projected and built, a road to the Pacific coast. The construction 
of a road to the Pacific is now regarded as something no longer problematical, 
but as something certain. That the road from the Western border of Texas, 
by Fulton, to Little Rock, will constitute a part of this great road, is thought to 
be almost quite as certain. If, then, we secure the building of the road from 
Little Rock to Memphis, in the time requii-ed by the Arkansas Legislature, 
thereby discouraging the building of other roads from Little Rock to the Mis- 
sissippi, we will make Tennessee, or the roads running through her territory, 
links in the great chain of railroads over which will pass an amount of 
freight and travel unequaled by any score of roads in the world. I will not 
stop to make an argument to intelligent men, to prove that the advantages 
to Tennessee of being made a portion of the route for this grand road, tra- 
versing this continent from ocean to ocean, would be infinitely greater than 
those arising from the building of every road that has yet been pi'ojected in 
the State. This is, doubtless, conceded by every member on this floor. 

Our liability, then, incurred by this indorsement, is not to be feared. The 
indemnity is acknowledged in argument, by those opposing the bill, to be 
ample. The advantages to be derived from the road proposed to be built 
will be incomparably great, as compared with those to be derived from any 
other enterprise to which the attention of a Tennessee Legislature has ever 
been directed. Then, will the indorsement injure our bonds in the market? 
No, sir ! But the precedents, of which gentlemen are so fearful. From what 
quarter can a similar application to the present, come ? The building of this 
road is to bring to the borders, and continue through Tennessee, the most im- 
portant railroad that ever will be built. Its construction will do more for 
the benefit of the roads in Tennessee, in which she has a large investment, 
than could possibly be expected from any other half dozen roads to be con- 
structed within or out of the limits of this State. Is this not a peculiar 
characteristic ? — one that will be palpable to every mind, distinguishing it 
from all others 

Again, sir: Notwithstanding the vital importance of this road to Tennes- 
see, she is asked for nothing but tlie loan of her credit. Other roads, in 
which corporations and counties in the State have stocks, have already re- 
ceived the assistance of the State. Again, the indorsement of the bonds by 
the company, and the specific lien given upon the iron and rails of the road, 
are qualities in this application that will not be likely to accompany future 
applications. The great feature in this bill, however, which must unmistak- 
ably distinguish it from all others, is, the immense magnitude and importance 
of the enterprise proposed to be aided, and the extent of the interest that 
Tennessee has in its speedy completion. 



54 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

But the road lies out of the limits of the State. This is another objection 
to the bill. Why, sir, did Nashville subscribe stock in the various railroads 
running to it? They are constructed outside of her coi-porate limits. Why 
did New York city build railroads in Pennsylvania? Why did Baltimore 
construct a road through Virginia to the Ohio river? Why has Charleston 
and Savannali pursued the same policy ? Why have various States of this 
Union thought fit to build roads out of their own limits ? It was, sir, because 
it was thought, as experience has demonstrated it to be, that sound policy 
dictated such a course. If De Witt Clinton had been a resident of Rich- 
mond, Va., instead of the city of New York, the relative importance of those 
cities to day, would be, in all human probability, reversed. So thinks Lieut. 
Maury, as he has recently expressed himself, in some published letters. 

New York adopted a policy, in reference to canals and railroads, which, 
though thought extravagant and dangerous, at the time, resulted in making 
it what to-day finds it, the commercial emporium of the West. Savannah, by 
her railroads, has been, as if bj' the wave of a magic wand, changed from a 
condition of almost perfect stagnation, to one of extraordinary prosperity. 
It is, sir, upon the same policy that these cities acted, that it is proposed for 
Tennessee to a ctupon this bill. This road, it is true, lies out of the borders 
of our State, yet it is a most fallacious inference that we arc, therefore, not 
vitally interested in its construction. 

It is not, Mr. Speaker, the embankments, the cuts and fills, the rails and 
bridges of a road, that make it desirable to a country. These things, in them- 
selves, are productive of no good. Though in the thunder of the swiftly-flying 
railway train there may be music, there is no money. It is, sir, the substan- 
tial advantages, the real benefits conferred by a road upon a community, that 
induces them to construct it. What then, if it be, that the track of this road 
is wholly out of the State? If it is to confer upon her benefits to an extent 
incalculable, it is still a matter of vital interest to her. Though, sir, it shall 
be the wild forest of Arkansas that shall echo the neigh of the iron horse 
and the ringing of his hoofs upon the iron track, still, if to our borders he 
brings the commerce of the world, to be shipped upon our own roads, through 
our own territory, it is to us of infinite concern. We are, then, deeply inter- 
ested in the speedy construction of this road. If it is not soon built, the 
great highway railroad of nations will bo turned from our borders. The 
riches and blessings that it would confer upon us will be bestowed upon 
others. 

But we are told by gentlemen to be cautious. With countenances distorted 
with horror, they speak of dangers in the future. One gentleman has re- 
minded us that it is our duty, like the mariner upon the ocean, to take our 
reckonings, lest we drive upon breakers. This is well enough. Let it be 
done. But I would remind him that there are different classes of mariners 
One, (he timid coaster, who hugs the shore. Tlie other, a mariner, indeed, 
who proudly breasts the waves of the sea, an honor to his species — a bless- 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 55 

ing to the world. When Columbus kneeled at the throne of Isabel of Spain, 
asking ships and men and money to enable him to prosecute a voyage across 
the ocean, by many he was thought a silly enthusiast. The sailors of the 
world were afraid to get out of sight of land. The commerce of the earth was 
a mere coasting trade. His prayer to the Queen was granted, and to-day, to 
his genius and the strong heart that swelled within his bosom, are we in- 
debted for peaceful, happy homes in this then boundless wilderness, but now 
cultivated, enlightened, and smiling country. Let gentlemen look at the 
facts involved in the issue now claiming the consideration of members in the 
hall, and make the application. 

But the bill is local, says the gentleman from Maury. An argument is 
not necessary to show the error of the gentleman, that not only Memphis but 
the whole State, is to be benefited by this road. It may build up Memphis. 
Who, on this floor would not rejoice at such a result? What Tennes>ean is 
not proud of her, as she sits upon her bluffs looking proudly down upon 
the great father of waters ? It is our own interest that she should be built 
up. I am gratified at an opportunity to assist in doing it. Yes, sir, let her 
grow and prosper. Let her boundaries be enlarged, let her streets be ex- 
tended, let her commerce be multiplied, let her prosperity be equal to the de- 
sires of her enterprising citizens, and we will rejoice with them. I am 
sorry, Mr. Speaker, that the geography of Tennessee is such as tocontinu.ally 
suggest to gentlemen sectional ideas — local feelings and prejudices. I would, 
sir, to-day, as cheerfully vote an appropriation to the counties of Carter and 
Johnson, the object being meritorious, as to Davidson county. I am proud, 
too, sir, to know that, in this respect, I correctly represent a libei-al and en- 
lightened constituency, who fully sympathise with me in such feelings. I 
am not merely the Representative of those by whom I am honored with a 
seat upon this floor. No, sir, I am one of the Representatives of the people 
of Tennessee! It is my purpose to give such direction to my actions here 
as will indicate that I have not failed to realize this important fact. But I 
am trespassing upon the time of the House. This bill is to be still further 
discussed by gentlemen who favor its passage, I have discharged what I 
felt to be my duty. 

We now introduce a number of letters "written by Mr. Hat- 
ton to his wife at Lebanon, while a member of the Legislature. 
They were written generally in great haste, were intended for 
her eye only, and cannot, therefore, be expected to present that 
system and uniqueness, which they doubtless would have dis- 
played, had their author known they were one day to be laid 
oj)en to the public gaze. They will, however, exhibit Mr. Hat- 
ton in his private, or domestic relations, show his love for his 
wife and children, and his singularly modest manner of refer- 



56 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

ring to himself, as well as, now and then, furnish ns with his 
private opinions of men and measures. Some of the letters 
have been misplaced or lost. We present such as we could pro- 
cure. The following was written just one week after the Legis- 
lature convened, and the morning after his return from his 
first visit home. 

Nashville, Tenn., 

October 8, 1855. 
Dear Sophie: — 

I got here last night — got my supper, and feeling quite 
well, I went out to church. Heard Ferguson, a light, flashing, 
sj^cculative fellow — more fjancy and figures, than solid ideas. 
Am satisfied with him — shall hear him no more, I think. 

To-day we have done a good deal. Andy Johnson sent in 
his message — just like all he does or says — full of dema- 
gogueism. 

The Grand Council of the American Party met here this 
evening — a large attendance. To-night the Capitol is to be 
illuminated. The "Women "and the rest of mankind," are to be 
there — myself excepted. Don't expect to go — have some work 
to do. 

The Speaker, Gov. Brown, has put me on three of the most 
important committees — Judiciary and Penitentiary, being two. 
I aju Chairman of the latter. Will come in contact with An- 
drew Johnson on this subject. 

I am tired of this business — heartil}- tired — wish it was over, 
much. Yes, infinitely rather be with my own SojDhie and our 
dear little ones. Take good care of youi'self, and of them. I 
will take care of myself. Many days of happiness are in store 
for us, I hope and humbly believe. Why shall we not be hap- 
py? Who shall hinder? If the good Being will but grant us 
health, we shall endeavor so to demean ourselves towards the 
world, as to entitle us to expect happiness. You are now the 
mother of two children — dearer — even dearer than ever before, 
to me. My love to all. God bless and protect you. 

Your aff'ectionate husband, 

E. Hatton. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 57 

Mr. Hatton was a truly good man, a Christian gentleman; 
and although moral, circumspect, patriotic and exemplary in his 
deportment, yet the above letter furnishes another evidence and 
illustration of the ever restless, dissatisfied, yearning spirit of 
man ; esj)ecially when the object of pursuit — happiness — is 
sought for in sublunary things. Mr. Hatton is a young man of 
promise, with brilliant prospects for the future. He is ambi- 
tious, it is true ; but his is a laudable ambition. He stands high 
in his profession, one that has engaged the greatest intellects of 
all ages ; he could realize sufficient means by it to render him- 
self and family, not only above want, but to supj)ly them with 
all the conveniences, comforts and luxuries of the country. Yet 
he is not satisfied — not content. Hope points to happiness in 
the future. He seeks happiness — a thing never here, present 
with us, but just ahead — in the distance. Surveying all about 
him, he beholds the enchanting and ever varying field of poli- 
tics. Surely, hapi^iness must dwell there, and thither he would 
go. He resolves, makes the effort, and soon he enters upon the 
delectable arena. But where is the sought-for prize — the phan- 
tom happiness, which he chases? Still ahead — in the distance ! 
Like the fabled story of him who would possess the bag of 
gold at the rainbow's feet, he pursues on, pursues ever ; obtains 
not, obtains never ! Mr. Hatton had been in the Legislature 
but one week, and he says to his wife, "I am tired of this busi- 
ness — heartily tired." Would "infinitely rather be with my 
own Sophie and our dear little ones." "Why shall we not be 
happy?" — "expect happiness," etc. So it is with man. Hap- 
piness is not yet found, not yet realized — still in the future — in 
the distance ! "Man never w, but is to he blessed." Where shall 
happiness be found? Pope answers : 

Know then this truth, enough for man to know ; 
Virtue alone is happiness below 1 

House op Eepresentatives, 

Nashville, Tenn., October 13, 1855. 
Dear Sophie: — 

I was out, last night, to a very late hour, at a public 
party, given by Mr. Morgan, of this city. Many of the mem- 
bers of the Legislature were present. I was introduced to two 



58 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

young ladies — both veiy handsome — during the evening, Miss 

and Miss . I played the agreeable a very few minutes, 

and then backed out. The ladies were dressed in wretched 
taste, I thought; bare arms and bosoms — the waists of their 
dresses too short by half. Dancing was the order of the eve- 
ning, waltzing, at that; old fashioned — or rather new fashioned 
hugging! 1 was disgusted. I shall not get out again very soon, 
I imagine — feel quite satisfied. ^-^ ^-^ ^ 

Mrs. Gov. Campbell, Mrs. Owen, and Miss Mary Campbell 
are down, attending Conference — will report through them to 
you. 

Kiss Reilly and the baby for me, and receive. Dear tSophie, 
the renewed and heartfelt assurances of my devotion and in- 
creasing love for her whom I am getting prouder and happier, 
every day, to call my own. Yours, 

E. Hatton. 

Mr. Hatton was a Methodist, of the strictest order. Hence 
his aversion to dancing. He was doubtless better versed in law 
and j)olitics, than in the ladies' latest fashions. However, all 
men of intelligence and good taste, have a pretty correct sense 
of propriety. 

Hall op House Eepresentatives, 

October 24, 1855. 
Dear Sophie : — 

This is a gloomy morning, fit to make suicides ! It is 
snowing and sleeting ! Winter — cold, unfeeling, biting, freezing 
Winter, is upon us. Oh, for a warmer climate ! Shall we not, one 
of these days, "lead our flocks toward the South?" I have not 
blood enough in my veins for our Winters. 

Gov. Johnson was inaugurated on yesterday. His address, 
upon the occasion, was strictly characteristic — the production of 
a mind of some strength, but with tendencies and inclinations, 
essentially low and contemptible. Tennessee is " shamed" by his 
promotion to the office ho, now for the second time, has been 
called to fill. 

'•Rome! and liast thou lost 
Thy breed of noble birth ? " 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 59 

I made the acquaintance, yesterday, of Mr. Murdock, the 
celebrated tragedian — an accomj)lished and most worthy man. 
I was so delighted with him, that I determined to go and see 
him, in one of his favorite characters, last night — the character 
of Evelyn in Bulwer's Melo-Drama, "Money," — the best satire 
upon English society, I have ever met with. 

We had, yesterday, a very animated, not to say exciting and 
angry, debate in the House, upon a resolution which I intro- 
diiced, to bring on the election of State officers. Bitter opposi- 
tion was made to it — an earnest and successful support given 
by members on our side of the Hall. I send you a paper con- 
taining a reference to what passed, but no r'eport of what was 
said. All past off pleasantly, at last. 

I have not been out to see Mary,* as I intended when I last 
wrote — will go this evening or to-night. 

I had so much pleasure in my frolicks with Eeilly, on my 
last visit, that the little fellow's image is before me half of my 
time ; danger of his getting the advantage of you in my affec- 
tions. (?) Bless his little soul ! He is as dear to me, Sophie, as 
ever was a child to father — dear to me, because of himself, a 
beautiful bright-eyed, noble looking little fellow — dear to me 
because my own dear Sophie is his mother. Take good care of 
him, (but how simple to make such a request of you,) and our 
little Mary, and of your own dear self. I need hardly say to 
you, that my life is wrapt up in you and our little ones. I have 
some thoughts of the world — many indeed — am not insensible 
to its praise or its censure — have some aspirations, which I hope 
to realize ; still, my treasure is at home, and there my heart is. 

Give my best love to all. "Write yourself, or see that I am 
written to, every day. Will you ? 

Your affectionate husband, 

E. Hatton. 

City Hotel, Nashville, 

October 26, 1855. 
Dear Sophie : — 

I am mad — angry — very ! It is unpleasant to me. Writ- 
ing to you may give me partial relief. To-day was the day of 

*His sister, Mrs. Mary E. Payton, who was, at that time, a teacher in the Nashville 
Female Academy, Dr. C. D. Elliott, being Principal. 



60 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTOX. 

our State elections before the General Assembly. We had no 
doubt of success, in every electien. In two we did succeed — 
Secretary of State and Comptroller. In the election of State 
Treasurer, however, one of our men deserted us and we were 
beaten. Our traitor is receiving the universal maledictions of 
all lionest men in town, on our side. I made a little speech in 
the Convention of the two Houses to-day, which will, I sujipose, 
be noticed in to-morrow's papers. I will send it to you. I am 
very well — feel better than when I was up to see you. 

I have just received father's letter. Glad to hear that you 
are so well. Get Bowling's clothes, Sophie, at any of the stores 
— better go to Howard and Pennebaker's — they are clever 
Methodists, and careful in keeping accounts. 

No news of interest in the city. 

Why, when I beg you all to write to me, often, don't you 
doit? 

Kiss Eeilly boy, and Mary for me — tell Reilly that papa will 
be to see him soon. 

Your affectionate husband, 

R. Hatton. 

Hall op House Eepresentatives, 

October 29, 1855. 
Dear Sophie: — 

I send you a "View of the Capitol," which, "when we 
get our house built," we will have framed. Also, a Report of 
the Commissioners of the State Capitol, giving a description of 
the building, etc. I also send some Governor's Messages, which 
I want William^!- to distribute on next County Court day, when 
those to whom they are addressed will, I presume, be in 
town. 

I went to church last night, and heard Bishop Cavanaugh 
preach a very common sermon. Father can beat him to death. 
Yesterday I did not go to chui'ch — did not get up until about 9^ 
o'clock, when I was aroused by a visitor in the jDerson of a 
President of a Railroad, who wanted my help, he said, in aid 

*IIis brother, Captain William Hatton. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 61 

of his enterprise — had books, j^apers, maps, etc., to explain liis 
road matters. I did not get rid of him, until it was too late to 
go to church — could not, without insulting him. So, you see, 
I am not doing as well as you have a right to expect of me — 
feel that I am not doing as I should do. 

Mr. Murdock and myself are becoming quite intimate. He 
is the most interesting man I have met with in Nashville. 

William suggests to me, that I am too conspicuous, etc., at 
Nashville. Tell him, I shall act upon his suggestion. 

I send 3^ou by to-day's mail a Union and American, contain- 
ing a notice of some remarks made by me on the occasion of 
my introducing my Normal School Bill. I have some hopes 
that I shall be able to get it through the Legislature. If I do, 
shall make some reputation by it. 

The House has just adjourned and I am summoned to a com- 
mittee room. So good-bye, with a request to kiss our babies. 

Your affectionate husband, 

E. Hatton. 

Hall of House Eepresentatives, 
October 31, 1855. 
Dear Sophie : — 

Your letter was received this morning. You can not 
imagine, Sophie, the pleasure it afforded me, to see j^our well- 
known handwriting upon the back of a letter addressed to me, 
or with what avidity I read and re-read every word of it. The 
only thing about it that I disliked, was, that it was uj^on a half 
sheet — so short. Well, it was good, what was of it, and I am 
grateful to you for writing it. God bless you, my dear Sophie, 
you are an object of infinitely more interest to me, than you 
have ever yet realized. I was glad to hear, that you were 
again "going about everywhere." I will be there to see you 
before a great while — next Saturday, I hope. You speak of not 
getting the papers sent by me. I do send them every day — 
hardly ever fail. So you must all give me credit. I send the 
JVhig to-day, with ^a notice of my Normal School Bill. I am 
getting still more in hopes, that it will get through, though 
there are diflSculties in the way. The apjiroijriation of money 



62 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

is something of which members are very much afraid ! Here 
is the rock on which I Avill split, if at all. All, nearly, will 
agree as to the fact, that such a school should be established. 

I went this morning to visit the High-School, of this city, in 
company with Mr. Meigs and several members of the Legisla- 
ture — was much pleased, delighted, with the way things are 
conducted there. It is a magnificent school. My love to all. 

Your atfectionate husband, 

K. Hatton. 

-; City Hotel, November 4, IS^S. 

Dear Sophie : — 

I Avas greatly disappointed in not getting home 
last night. The weather looked so unsettled, and I got so 
thorough a wetting on my last trip, that I concluded not to 
venture out. I have spent to-day in — sleeping, principally. 
Did not go to church, as it was raining quite hard. I shall go 
to Lebanon next Saturday", if it rains — pitchforks. I will — 
"provided I am alive, that is." I am growing sicker and 
sicker daily of this part of the world. On Friday morning I 
went to the Capitol in a hack — stayed or staid (which is it ?) 
about ten minutes and had to return to my room — was sick — 
stayed in bed all day and night, and most of 3'esterday. Yester- 
day evening "I was myself again," and left my room. To-day, I 
am quite as well as I have been since I have been here. Dr. 
Gleaves has been prescribing for me. You Avill see from the 
papers, that I have been quiet in the House, for a week past — ^^^ 
following William's advice. My School Bill is favorably re- 
ceived. I have hopes of passing it. 

Mary is well. I was out to see her Thursday night and 
"staid" (quoted from previous par.) until ten o'clock. She is 
getting along veiy pleasautl}', this session. 

I received, this morning, a large package of letters — brought 
me by the door-keeper. I was delighted at seeing them, think- 
ing that one, at least, was from my Sophie. But, "alas, poor 
Yorick" — mistake! Why, ichy do you all do thus? On read- 
ing your last letter, I was led to expect that you were just 
commencing a series of letters that would afford me such pleas- 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 63 

ure, as, in part, to relieve the ennui of a life in a Hotel, away 
from home. You have, Sophie, grievously disappointed me. 
How "are Eeilly and Mary ? How are you f Write, will you 
dear, and tell me. I am not, you will remember, scolding for 
your not writing — only complaining. 

Kiss Eeilly and Mary for me. Yourself, you must consider 
as kissed by me, in your dreams ! Will be at home soon to kiss 
you in reality. God bless you. 

Your affectionate husband, 

R. Hatton. 

Hotel, November 6, 1855. 
Dear Sophie: — 

I am quite well again. Your kind letter, received last 
night was read and re-read, both last night and this morning. 
God bless j^ou, Sophie ; a word written by you to me, affords 
me more pleasure, than the finest passages of ShakesjDeare, read 
by Murdock, in his finest moods. I am rising in my own esti- 
mation, in one point of view. I am more convinced, every day, 
that I am devoted, heart and mind, to my family ; that their 
good and happiness is uppermost in my thoughts — the really 
absorbing idea of my brain. 

Your sympathy for my little spell of sickness, was more than 
I deserved. Nothing serious the matter with me. Set up too 
much and took a little cold which bedded me a couple of days. 

You see by the papers, that I am attending at the Capitol 
again — not having however, much to say. There are, however, 
several things coming up soon, upon which I will be forced to 
take part. My School Bill, Penitentiary question. Bank ques- 
tion, Law reform, etc., etc. I wish from my soul, that the Le- 
gislature adjourned to-day. 

I wrote a long letter to Mag* last night, after reading your 
letter. Tell mother that I want her to be well by the time I 
get up on Saturday. She has but little to do certainly, to be 
chilling it. I regret that Eeilly was so disappointed at his jsa's 
not coming to see him last Saturday. He was not, poor little 
fellow, half as much hurt at it, as I was. Kiss him for his pa — 

*His other sister, Margaretta, who had recently married Mr. Wm. D. Kiddle, of 

Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. 



64 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

until you are tired ! It will not be possible for me to get ofl 
before Saturday morning, if then. If not, look for me Satur- 
day night. 

I will explain the newspaper matter, when I come up. Will 
order the Whig to be sent to you. 

Murdock is still here, but I have quit attending the Theatre ! 

Don't fail to winte to me by return mail, if it is but a line ! 
Prentice, of Louisville, is to be here to-day. He meets one of 
our committees to-night on the subject of Eailroads. Will be 
here several weeks. Gov. Helm is also here on some business. 
Town full of big bugs. * * * * 

My love to all. 

Your husband, 

E. Hatton. 

City Hotel, Nashville, 

November 21, 1855. 
Dear Sophie : — 

Your very nice present — Eobe-de-Chambre — containing 
a long letter, was received last night. AVlien I ojiened the bun- 
dle, and found what it was, I hesitated whether to put on the 
robe, or read the letter first. The result of my reflections was, 
that I should put on the robe and read the letter in it. I did so. 
It does fiuel}^ — as large as I would have it. I felt so comforta- 
able with it on, that I sat up, at least, an hour later, on account 
of it. Thank you Madam, for your kind attentions to my com- 
fort ! The robe shall be worn in my room, "without another 
coat on," regularly. 

I am still better. Dr. Peacock will, I hoj^e, cure me. I am 
strengthening in my opinion, that Doctors are humbugs ! 

No news of importance, here. Gretting along very slowly — 
doing but little. I am lying very low. To-day I got out to 
the Penitentiary to settle the accounts of the establishment for 
the last two years — a heavy and ungrateful task. My school 
bill will come up in a fcAv days, I expect. My love to all. Kiss 
the babies for papa. 

Your husband, 

E. Hatton. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 65 



Hall op House Eepresentatives, 

Nashville, December 10, 1855. 
Dear Sophie: — 

I expected a letter from you to-clay — was disappointed. 
Did you get my letter written Friday ? Have you gotten ready 
to visit Nashville ? Got your things ? I am tired staying here 
alone; hence, must insist on your doing, what I fear you dislike 
to do — come down and take care of your runaway husband. I 
was greatly disappointed in not getting home Saturday — spent 
the time here in my room. Went Sunday to hear Dr. Green 
preach — preached well — quarterly meeting at McKendree. Saw 
Mary Saturday night. She was very well. 

We have had an exciting discussion here to-day. Eailroad 
bill — the same that was taken up Saturday — did not get done 
with it. My friends say that I made the best speech of the 
session to-day. The world is full of flattery ! Did my best ! 
Sat up last night until 4 o'clock, investigating the subjects em- 
braced in the bill. I am about well — have been several days — 
am about as fleshy as when at home — am still called bony ! 

Have no news — have been no where but to the Capitol and 
back to the Hotel. Have not turned out to Prenticizing, and 
been coldly received. Have not even been in the company of a 
lady, or spoken to one (except si4er Mary) since I came to 
Nashville — have lived a widower's life ! 

How are Eeilly and Many ? The line of your letter, in which 
you spoke of Reilly's pumping at the cistern, brought the little 
fellow so strikingly before my mind, that it filled my bosom full 
of poetry, and my eyes full of tears. God bless him. His im- 
age is a picture upon my heart — his mother's too. My love 
to all. 

Your affectionate husband, 

R. Hatton. 
5 



66 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 



The following letter, addressed to his friend and former 
teacher, explains itself: 

Hall of House Eepresentatives, 

Nashville, December 19, 1855. 
N. Lawrence Lindsley, Esq., 

Dear Sir: — Yours of the 17th inst., has just been received. 
The book accompanying it, has also come safely to hand. 

I am greatly obliged to you, Mr. Lindsley, for the book — 
wanted to see just such a collection of facts, upon the subject of 
Normal Schools. I will retain it, 'till the close of the session, 
when I will return it. 

I am glad to know that I have, in my gifted teacher and 
friend, so zealous an advocate of Normal Schools. I am sorry, 
that I am wholly unable to present the subject in the manner 
which its importance and "sublimity" demands. 

My bill passed, to-day, upon its second reading — will j^ass 
upon its third ; and will, I believe, also be passed by the Senate, 
and become the law. I have its passage much at heart — have 
labored for it, most faithfully, if not efficiently. If it fails, it 
shall not be for want of exertion, by me, in its behalf 

I am grateful to you, for the favorable opinion of my talents, 
incidently exj)ressed in your note. I am sorry that your esti- 
mate of me, is unwarranted by any developements, yet made 

by me. 

Very truly, your friend, 

Egbert Hatton. 




LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 67 



CHAPTEE IV. 

1855. Hatton as a Legislator— Punctual and Attentive— Conservative in his course- 
Pioneers of Tennessee- General Robertson worthy of equal honoi-s- Bill to erect 
Statues to Washington, etc.— His Speech upon it— Letter to his Wife— His Thoughts 
and Reflections, as expressed therein— Normal School Bill— Of paramount im- 
portance—Notices by the Press— Remarks upon its Third Reading— Opposition by 
Mr. Smith and others— False Assumptions Exposed— The Bill Lost on its Third 
and Last Reading in the Senate— Attributable to party prejudice— Note to Prof. 
Lindsley— Adjournment of the Legislature— Mr. Hatton again in his Law Oflice— 
Goes North— Letters to his Wife— Presidential Elector— Notices by the Press— On 
the highway to political distinction — 1856. 

Few legislators ever had more at heart the interests of their 
constituents, or the welfare of the State, than Robert Hatton. 
He was not only punctual in his attendance during the daily- 
sessions of the Legislature, but was strictly attentive to the 
daily proceedings of that body ; always giving special care to 
every important measure coming up for investigation and con- 
sideration, and voting according to its merits or demerits, as in 
his judgment, seemed right and proper, in view of his accounta- 
bility and responsibility to the people whom he immediately 
represented, as well as the State at large. It was his constant 
endeavor to so shape his course, as a legislator, as to be free 
from selfish and sectional feelings on the one hand, and a disre- 
gard of local interests and extravagance on the other. In all 
his votes for or against any of the measures coming up for his 
consideration and approval, or disapproval, he was ready to give 
a reason for his course, and to do what he believed to be his 
duty in the premises. He endeavored to be, in the fullest sense, 
faithful and conseiwative — neither too circumscribed and sjjar- 
ing on the one hand, nor Utopian and extravagant on the other. 
All his speeches and votes will verify and bear us out in what 
we say. 

In his speech and vote on the organization of the House of 



68 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT IIATTON. 

Eepresentatives, his object was to avoid unnecessary consump- 
tion of time and expenditui-e of money. In his advocacy of 
the Memphis Bonds Bill, he was actuated by a liberal and com- 
prehensive view of the polic}'' of internal improvements by 
the State, which, if properly pursued, would redound to her 
glory, and to the convenience, prosperity and happiness of her 
people. In this, he rose above sectional and State interests, and 
at the same time, fostered and encouraged a great national 
measure. Who will doubt, after reading his speech in refer- 
ence to the subject, the propriety and wisdom of his course? 

His speech, which follows, in opposition to the Bill to provide 
for statues of Washington, Jackson, Polk, Hugh L. White, and 
John Sevier, to be placed in the State Capitol, gives reasons 
satisfactory, doubtless, to his own mind, if not to othei's. His 
opj)osition had reference, too, more to the time, than to the bill 
itself. He did not think it proper, just then, to extend the pro- 
visions of the Bill to all the great and good men therein men- 
tioned; after a while, he would have no objection. As for our 
part, we Avould be glad to see the provisions of the bill extend 
to all mentioned therein, and more too. We do think the great 
pioneer and Father of Middle Tennessee, General James Rob- 
ertson, deserves a niche in the Capitol of the State, built, as it 
is, in full view of the "Bluffs," around which cluster so many 
pleasing, as well as sad, recollections of the noble pioneers of 
the Cumberland, whose strong arms and stout hearts, " in the 
days that tried men's souls," laid the foundations of society, 
where the proud City of Nashville now sits upon her granite 
foundations, fit emblem of the durability of the social and po- 
litical fabric, thus erected by Robertson and his compeers. We 
hope some future Legislature will thus remember and honor the 
name of Robertson. The following is the 

SPEECH OF MR. HAT TON, 
Delivered in the House of Representatives, December 18, 1855, on the Bill to pro- 
vide for Statues of George Washington, Andrew Jackson, James K. Polk, Hugh 
Laioson White, and John Sevier, to be placed in the State Capitol. 
It is, perhaps, proper that I should explain the position which I occupy in 
reference to the bill now under consideration. As originally introduced into 
this House, it contained but two names, those of Washington and Jackson ; 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON 



I gave to it an unhesitating and hearty approbation. It was subsequently 
withdrawn, and returned with an amendment, adding the name of another 
distinguished man to those embraced in the bill, as first presented. Two 
other names were then added to the bill, when it was referred to the Com- 
mittee on the Capitol. That committee have reported the bill back to the 
House, recommending that the two names last inserted in the bill, be striken 
out. Should the recommendation of the committee be concurred in, it is my 
purpose to vote for that part of the bill providing for statues of Washington 
and Jackson, and against that part of it whicli adds to these names, that of 
Mr. Polk. I shall ask for a division of the question to enable me thus to 
vote. I desire to submit to gentlemen some of the reasons controlling me in 
this determination — why I shall cordially support one part of the bill, and 
oppose the other. 

The placing of statues of Washington and Jackson in the niches prepared 
at the entrance of this Hall, contemplated by the bill, would be alike honor- 
able to the memory of those distinguished men, and to the people of Tennes- 
see, whose gratitude they are intended to commemoi-ate. They will silently, 
yet eloquently, declare to those who shall visit this Capitol, and look upon 
them, in coming years, not only that these men were, in the estimation of 
Tennesseans, great, but that Tennesseans were grateful. 

I shall not offend the members upon this floor with the inquiry, whether 
the memory of these men is deserving of such tributes? Of Washington, 
nothing can now be said, that has not been, long since, often better expressed. 
His most highly wrought eulogy is his most faithfully written history. Nei- 
ther the embellishments of fancy, the tinselings of rhetoric, nor the aid of 
meretricious ornament, are necessary to render his personal virtues attractive 
— to exhibit him as not merely among the greatest and wisest — as the most 
wonderful of mankind, but as the purest, the most incorruptible, the most 
disinterested patriot that has ever appeared upon the theatre of the world. 
He was, sir, pre-eminent as a warrior, as a statesman, and as a christian. 
In his devotion to his country, he was decided and inflexible. As a friend to 
every public interest, he was zealous and faithful. And it was in the dark- 
est hours of the struggles of our Fathers, for independence, that in his at- 
tachment to the cause of human liberty, he was most unwavering. For his 
services, he asked no reward. The love of his country was, to him, ample 
compensation. When his laboi's were no longer indispensable to their safety 
and happiness, he surrendered into their hands the authority with which they 
had invested him, and retired to the privacy of his home, leaving behind him 
his paternal blessing and fervent prayers for their success and prosperity, 
and carrying with him the benedictions of a free and happy people. We 
were told by you, sir, upon the introduction of this bill, that in public build- 
ings of the European States, are to be seen pictures and statues of Wash- 
ington, which you have seen gazed upon by visitors with reverence and seem- 
ing delight. Yes, sir, the despotisms of Europe have rivalled each other in 



70 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

doing honor to the name of Washington. Though not adopting the political 
principles which he taught, they have, with at least seeming pleasure, testi- 
fied to his goodness and his greatness. Nor has his name been confined to 
the bounds of civilization : it is familiar to the wild Arab of the desert; and 
by the wandering Scythian, we are told by travelers, it is repeated with the 
fondest admiration. And so, Mr. Speaker, I believe, will his name and the 
memory of his virtues, continue ever to be cherished. Yes, sir, we have 
the gratification of believing, that in our political sky, there is one star that 
can never be obscured or extinguished — it will shine on, brighter and still 
more clearly, until it shall be lost in the efi'ulgence of that day, foretold in 
prophecy, when the light of the second coming of the Son of God shall 
arise ! 

We were also told by you, Mr. Speaker, that in traveling through France, 
you found everywhere, memorials of Napoleon I— statues and pictures, 
images of wood and of clay, of iron and of brass, of every size and of every 
design. The French people seem almost to have deified him. Who was he? 
What was he? Whether in the Court or in the camp, " in the capacity of a 
subaltern or an Emperor," wearing the Jacobin bonnet or an iron crown, he 
was, it has been said, alike the '^wonder and terror of the world. With as 
much truth, it has been said of him, by the same writer, that " he knew no 
motive but interest, and worshipped no God but ambition." He was, sir, 
supremely selfish ; a lust for glory not only nerved his arm and ironed his 
soul, but deadened every feeling of humanity, and carried him over the 
mangled and bleeding heaps of his foes and his countrymen, to the altar of 
Self, where he worshipped. 

From the contemplation of such a character, with what pride and admi- 
ration, with what gratitude, and almost religious veneration, do we turn to 
the contemplation of the life and services of Washington. If the Frenchman 
thus loves — can thus reverence the memory of Napoleon, should we not, al- 
most worship the name of Washington ? 

Will you pardon me, sir, for reminding you of a scene or two, in his life? 
We cannot, perhaps, recur to them too often. See him addressing his army, 

rawn up before him, near the banks of the Jerseys. It is reduced in num- 
bers, to but a handful, depressed by defeat, and exhausted by fatigue — naked, 
barefoot, destituto of tents, and even of utensils, with which to dress their 
scanty provisions ; and is now closely pressed by a triumphant and abun- 
dantly supplied force, under Lord Howe. Despair seems to have taken pos- 
session of the bosoms, not only Df the little band, which stand weeping 
about him, but, of the most ardent friends of liberty, throughout the coun- 
try. Desertions are, almost hourly, taking place; hundreds are daily going 
over to the cause of the Rojalists. What is he saying? He is pleading 
with his soldiers not to abandon him; as he uncovers his head, and the cold 
blasts of the North play roughlj' with his locks, hear him, while he declares 
that his life he can lay down, but the inestimable blessings of liberty he can 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 71 

never surrender ; and if those who stood before him, would remain with him, 
they would " save their country, or be mourned by her." See him again, a 
few nights afterward — he has re-crossed the Delaware ; surprised and cap- 
tured the Hessians at Trenton; triumphed over the British at Princeton; 
and filling his countrymen with joy and confidence, and his enemy with ter- 
ror and consternation, has proved to the world that " he had not only the 
prudence of Fabius, and the daring of Marcellus," but, that in love of coun- 
try, he rose superior to them both. 

Who is that in yonder wood ? It is near the banks of the Hudson. Unin- 
fluenced by the opinions of those who scoff at the idea that the God of the 
Universe gives himself any special concern about the destinies of either 
nations or individuals, and who make themselves merry at what they choose 
to term the simplicity and weakness of those who feel it to be their duty to 
pray to the Dispenser of all good, for his protection and for his blessings 
upon their country, he is upon his knees. Mingling with the murmurings 
of the brook, and the rustling of the forest foilage, the subdued tones of his 
manly voice are heard, engaged in devout supplication to the God in whom 
he trusts. Who is he? He, who, though he wears upon his side the sword 
of the warrior, wears upon his heart the image of his Savior. It is AVash- 
ington ! He, who ever dared — who was never ashamed to do right ! 

See him once more ; the army of the Revolution is disbanded ; he stands 
ui^on the floor of Congress. In the presence of a multitude assembled to be- 
hold their chief, he says: "Mr. President, having performed to the best of 
my ability the work assigned me, I retire from the great theatre of action, 
and bidding this august body, under whose order I have so long acted, an 
affectionate farewell, and commending our country to the kind protection of 
Almightj' God, I return you, sir, my commission, and leave, forever, the em- 
ployments of public life." How sublime the picture! But comment "were 
worse than wasteful and ridiculous excess." Let not our view of this, his 
most wonderful act, be encumbered with the tawdry bouquets of rhetoric. 
It is enough that it hath spoken its own praise, throughout, the world, diet- 
ing as it has been said, from Sir James Fox, himself, one of the greatest men 
of his age, an expression of the opinion, that had any other nation than the 
United States, possessed a Washington, they would have deified him. 

I would delight, sir, to dwell longer upon the character and actions of 
Washington. From my earliest childhood, when upon the lap of my mother, 
I was told of " George and his hatchet ; " his history has been to me a con- 
tinued and most pleasing study ; but your time and patience will not permit 
a further reference to the incidents of his life. 

Of Andrew Jackson, it is hardly necessary to speak to Tennesseans. The 
flickering taper of his life has but recently gone out. His history — almost 
every incident connected therewith — is fresh in our remembrance. And now, 
that the public mind is freed from that prejudice and passion once existing 
in it, in consequence of his connection with one of the great political par- 



72 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

ties of the country, and which are so certain to mislead us, and prevent the 
formation of a dispassionate and impartial judgment, the claim of Jackson 
to a posiiion among the great men of the world, is not questioned. All men, 
every where throughout our country, whether in the North or in tlie South, 
are proud of the name and fame of Jackson. Whether we consider him as 
an officer in the camp, marshaling the hardy rustic into a veteran, and sup- 
plying by discipline the absence of experience ; as a hero of the bloody 
field, the midnight leader and guard, the morning sentinel and the gallant 
chieftian, in whose bright eye and steady nerves, all were to read their duty; 
or contemplate him in the civil walks of life, as the leader of a great party, 
in the politics, not merely of his own State, but of the nation, we can but ac- 
cord to him the highest order of talents. He was not only an ornament, sir, 
to Tennessee, but reflected honor upon the nation at large. 

But does some gentleman say : " We will have no argument with you as to 
the merits of these men. But, should we spend the money of our constitu- 
ents in the purchase of statues in honor of their memory? " To such per- 
son, I would for a moment, address myself. I would remind him that the 
conforming customs of the wisest nations, springing always from the same 
noble promptings of tiie human heart, have consecrated the usnge of doing 
honor to public benefactors, by some sensible token of national approval. 
Wherever, sir. a love of counti-y has been a ruling principle, there the 
achievements of the good and great have been commemorated by statues, 
paintings, medals, inscriptions and monuments. Pure democracies, repub- 
lics, and monarchies, have, sometimes, proved ungrateful ; yet, by an en- 
lightened, virtuous and patriotic people, it has been said, wisdom, and vir- 
tue, and valor, have rarely, if ever, gone unrewarded. Men have not only 
thought it proper that their gratitude for distinguished public services 
should be thus publicly expressed, but they have seen, sir, what we should 
not forget, that these evidences of public approbation have quickened the 
spirit of patriotism, in which those services had their birth; inspiring men 
with a generous rivalry in works of public utility. 

But is the question still pressed, "what good will these statues do?" I 
answer, great good. They will be far from mere ornamental additions to 
this building, destitute of practical value. Yes, sir, far from it. As well might 
the splendid varieties of a botanical garden be considered as intended merely 
for the bouquets of fashion, unmindful of tlieir healing medical qualities. 
To successive generations, as they rise up, and walk through the halls of this 
elegant and magnificent structure, and stand before these statues, they shall 
speak in mute but thrilling and inspiring eloquence, of courage and of patriot- 
ism, of civil liberty, and of free government — of our country, its Union and its 
Constitution, their glories and their blessings, and of the consummate folly 
and shame of a surrender of the one, or an infraction of the other. Tiiey 
will speak not only of the Father of his Country, but of us who would be 
thouglit worthy to be called his children — not only of him who shed so much 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 73 

glory upon Tennessee, but of us, who feel proud of being Tennesseans. 
They will not only be eloquent in praise of these worthy men, to wliom we 
are so much indebted, but they will vindicate us against the charge of in- 
gratitude. 

Another office they will perform. They will set the seal of our approba- 
tion, to the great cardinal features in their pi'inciples and their policy. They 
will imprint afresh upon our minds — and to the millions who shall come after 
us — they will continually repeat, the lessons of wisdom and of patriotism, 
which fhey taught during life. I would ask gentlemen upon this floor, not 
as partizans, but as American citizens, if at this period in the history of 
our country, it is not eminently important that the great national maxims 
and doctrines, to which throughout their lives, they seemed so much devo- 
ted, and upon the strict observance of which, they taught us, that the suc- 
cess of our form of government depended, should be strictly observed. 

Washington taught us to abstain from inveterate antipathies, and to avoid 
characterizing parties by geographical distinctions. What are the feelings, 
sir, entertained by the great mass of the people. North and South, towards 
each other? Are there any inveterate antipathies? Alas, for the peace and 
the happiness — the honor of our country — there are too many. How common 
for the two great sections of the country, to heap abusive epithets upon each 
other, and to discover in their most indifferent actions, treachery and invete- 
rate hostility. Is not public opinion approaching to that point, where the 
man of the North or of the South, who refuses to join in this indiscriminate 
invective, shall incur odium, and subject his patriotism — no, not his patri- 
otism — but his sectionalism, to suspicion ? 

"The Union, the palladium of our liberties, never surrender it," said he 
whose ashes lie at Mount Vernon. "The Federal Union it mas^ be pre- 
served," was the sentement of him, who sleeps near us at the Hermitage. 
Are Americans taking proper heed to this advice of Washington? To this 
sentiment of Jackson ? It is greatly to be feared that they are not. In a 
paragraph which I read, a few days since, in one of our Southern papers, it 
was stated that more than half the papers published in the Southern States, 
were discussing the probabilities of a dissolution of the Union, and speaking 
of it as desirable, in a certain event. Yes, sir, it is a melancholy truth, that 
there are many persons, in both sections of our country, who, in their mad- 
ness and folly, would sacrifice, upon the altar of their passions, the dearest 
interests and brightest hopes of our country — who declare, unblushing- 
ly, that the Union is no longer worth preserving, and, that if certain ends, 
which they have, respectively, much at heart, cannot be attained, its dissolu- 
tion is alike inevitable and desirable. Sir, there, are men, even in Tennessee, 
who will talk to you as flippantly, of secession and peaceable dissolution, as 
if it were a matter of no consideration. 

Yes, in this day of almost unparalleled prosperity — after more than a half 
century's most happy experience of the blessings of our Union, when our 



74 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

Constitution has so amply falsified the predictions of its enemies, and ful- 
filled every reasonable expectation of its friends — when we have become, 
either the admiration or envj', of all the nations of the earth, to the amaze- 
ment of every well-wisher of human liberty, throughout the world, there are 
those who dare to write and speak of throwing away this priceless jewel — our 
Union — of demolishing this foundation stone, upon which rests every national 
blessing — of cutting the cable that attaches us to this anchor of all our hopes! 

With those who are thus careless of their country's glory and perpetuity, 
whether they be fanatical Northerners or hot-blooded Southerners, let us, by 
every means in our power, show to the world, that we will have neither sym- 
pathy or association. Let our prayer be the language of one of old, " may 
their swords enter into their own hearts" — "may their bows be broken." 

These statutes, sir, will associate us, and those who come after us, with 
those who have gone before us, rendering brighter their virtues, recalling 
their services, awakening the gratitude and appealing to the best feelings of 
the human heart! Who has not experienced tliis power of association? If 
there is such an one he is not to be envied. He could stand unmoved upon 
the common at Lexington. He could sail along the shores of Erie and 
Champlain, unmindful of the gallant tars that sleep beneath their waves. 
And he, who shall visit this Capitol, and look upon these statutes, and not 
feel his bosom warm, and his heart expand, with the holy fire of patriotism, 
shall be destitute of all that is admirable and ennobling in the human char- 
acter. 

But I am trespassing upon the time of the House. Other gentlemen, no 
doubt, desire to be heard upon this bill. 

I have assigned some of the reasons why I shall favor the passage of that 
part of it which provides for statutes of Washington and Jackson. Why I 
shall feel constrained, in the event the House concurs in the recommendation 
of the Committee, to vote against that part of it which proposes to add to 
these, another name — that of President Polk. I desire to explain, giving 
some of the reasons controlling my action. 

This Capitol building, is, yet, in an unfinished state. A large appropriation 
is still necessary to complete it. Much that is indispensable to its conve- 
nience and usefulness, remains to be done. A library room is to be fitted up, 
which, according to the estimate of the Secretary of State, will cost at least 
five thousand dollars. When that is done, its shelves are — or ought to be — 
filled with choice books. Those recently purchased by Mr. Meigs, of this 
city, under An Act of the last Legislatm-e, constitute but an imperfect collec- 
tion. In his recent report, which was laid upon our tables a few days since, 
he says, that "An additional appropriation of ten thousand dollars, judici- 
ously invested, would establish the library upon a solid foundation." The 
collection should be made "comprehensive and complete." "Nothing short 
of such a collection," he says, "ought to satisfy the Legislature of a State 
that is free, and is resolved to remain so." I heartily subscribe to the opin 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 75 

ion of that enlightened and most justly distinguished gentleman. Here, then, 
is a large, necessary outlay connected with this Capitol, in addition to what 
will be needed to complete the building itself. Others might be mentioned, 
if they were not ah-eady known to the members. 

In connection with the facts just stated, I would call the attention of gen- 
tlemen to another. It is, that members upon this floor regard the indebted- 
ness of the State in such a light as to make them quite indisposed to vote for 
such oppropriations, as they, themselves, say, they regai-d as essential to the 
most important interest of the State. Now, sir, whether these gentlemen are 
unnecessarily alarmed or not, it is not important, in this connection, to in- 
quire. It is sufficient to know that they feel this way, and that, by multiply- 
ing this indebtedness, you increase this indisposition. The result may be 
extremely injurious to some of the most vital interests of Tennessee. 

I would not, sir, be thought parsimonious. At the same time, I am not 
afraid of the opprobrium that sometimes attaches to prudence, in the outlay 
of public money. In the aifairs of the State, as in those in private life, our 
desires, and generous impulses, are often restrained by the scantiness of our 
means. The parent, who places over the remains of a favorite child, a costly 
and elegantly chiseled slab, may be prompted by the purest and loftiest 
feelings known to our nature. Yet, if the expense of placing it there de- 
prives those that are living, of the necessaries of life, he is not deemed wise. 
The cost of this additional statue, if incurred by us, may drive some mem- 
ber upon this floor, from the support of measures, indispensable to the public 
good. 

Again, sir : If there is a propriety and necessity of adding the name of 
.James K. Polk to those of Washington and Jackson, there is the same pro- 
propriety and necessity for the addition of still others. I mention only one — 
Hugh L. White. Both are worthy, eminently worthy, of having statues 
placed in the niches of this Capitol, in honor of their memory. The one, no 
less than the other! If the one was justly esteemed and honored for his 
rare abilities and high moral worth, the other was no less revered and be- 
loved, for all those lofty qualities of both head and heart, that render a man 
dear to an enlightened and generous people. If the one was elevated to the 
Chief Magistracy of the nation, the people of Tennessee, by an overwhelm- 
ing majority, declared their preference for the other, for the same high station. 
Beiiveen these men, sir, I can make no insidious distinction. To do so, would be 
to do injustice to the memory of the one, or the other. 

In selecting Washington and Jackson, out of the many great men of our 
country and our State, as persons peculiarly deserving of the honor pro- 
posed to be conferred upon them, the friends of no other man can find ground 
for ofifense or unpleasant feeling — the one being, confessedly, the idol of the 
whole American Union — the other, the special pride and favorite of Tennes- 
see. But, when you go beyond these, the number of those, who are equally 
deserving of being remembered and honored by us, is increased to such an 



76 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

extent, that, to place statues in this building, at present, to them all, is im- 
practicable. At a proper time, and when it can be done without jeopardizing 
other important interests, statues of Polk and of White, of Sevier and of 
Grundy, and others, distinguished for their abilities and eminent public 
services, will be provided for. 

My position, in reference to this bill, is, now, I hope, understood. I would, 
Mr. Speaker, have much preferred not to have had the necessity imposed 
upon me, of voting against any part of this bill. That necessity is, however, 
upon me. I feel no disposition to shrink from the discharge of what I believe 
to be my duty in the premises. 

The following letter to his wife, written at their home, in 
Lebanon, while she was absent on a visit to her relations, in 
Williamson county, shows something of the private thoughts 
and reflections of Mr. Hatton. Although blessed with com- 
forts, and "on the high road to wealth and distinction," he for- 
got not the poor, the wi*etched, the unhappy : 

At Home, " Our Eoom," 

January 21, 1856. 
Dear Sophie : — 

I am all alone, in our own little home, by the fireside, 
where, together, you and I and Master Eeilly, have spent so many 
happy evenings. It is very cold, out doors ; the wind whistles 
angrily about the windows. I am warm ; the fire blazes bright- 
1)'- upon the hearth. The reflection that you are, no doubt, 
similarly protected — that you and our dear little ones are com- 
fortable, affords mo much pleasure. Yes, you and they are 
(varmly clad, have food, and are beneath the roof of kind and 
hospitable friends, amongst your kindred — should this not 
make me happy ? It does. I thank God for His goodness, 
in giving to you, and ours, this night, the comforts, which, I 
doubt not, you are, at this moment, enjoying. How many, 
oh ! how many, poor, miserable ones, are now shivering, almost 
freezing, upon the highway, in the city, bj'' hearth-stones, not 
bright and warm, as those by which we sit, but dark, gloomy, 
cold — fit emblems of the sadness, the anxious care, the black de- 
spair, that haunts and reigns within their bosoms. "Temper," 
Oh God, "the winds to the shorn lambs." Forgive me for my 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 77 

ingratitude ! Thy goodness and mercy have followed me, all 
the days of my life; yet have I been unthankful. Hours and 
days, even weeks, have passed, without my once thinking that 
it is from Thee that all good gifts come. All we have, all we 
are, is Thine. The walls that protect us from the wintry 
blasts that now howl dismally around our dwellings, the 
clothes we wear, the food we eat, the very breath we breathe, 
are ours, but by Thy will! Teach us humility! Fill our 
hearts with thankfulness ! 

Sophie, though happy at the thought that you and Eeilly 
and little Mary, are, this cold, freezing night, wai-m, and in 
every way, kindly cared for, by your friends, still, I am, by 
your absence from this fireside, affected, even to sadness. I am 
blue. I came up here, from my office, to write something con- 
nected with my court. Have not got at it yet. My thoughts 
are all running riot — uncontrollable ! — out in the dark, cold 
world — with the prisoner in his cell, the stranger in his loneli- 
ness, the widow and the orphan — with the hungry, ill-clad, 
desolate ones, everywhere. How unequally are the things of 
this woi-ld divided ! 

No special news here, except that there was a murder com- 
mitted, near town, on Thursday — one man killed — another 
thought to be mortally wounded. The perpetrators are, to- 
night, in our jail — three of them. I am employed to prosecute 
them — am disinclined to do it; but, as it has to be done by 
somebody, I suppose I shall have to appear against them. The 
murder was a cruel one ; otherwise, I should not think of pros- 
ecuting. 

I did not get away from Nashville until Sunday morning. 
My company, that were going to the Hermitage, left me ; so I 
had to stay; got here at three o'clock yesterday evening; 
stayed all night last night at mother's ; have eat there all the 
time ; will do so until I leave. I will come out to Williamson, 
Saturday. Let me know, by letter to Nashville, where I vimy 
find you. Mother received a letter from Mr. Eiddle, a day or 
two since. He and Mag. were very well. Mercury 20° below 
zero, at Pittsburgh. They had a very unpleasant trip ; went 
by way of Cairo, where they took the cars. It was so cold, 



78 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

that the wheels and axles of the cars broke, etc. No serious 
accident, however. 

Kiss Reilly and Mary, for pa. 

Yours, aifectionately, 

R. Hatton. 

Of all the measures introduced or advocated by Mr. Hatton, his 
bill, to establish a State Normal School, was the one regarded 
by him as of j^aramount impoi'tance. He had it much at heart, 
not only on account of the great and salutary benefits to result 
to the masses of the people, and particularly to their children; 
but also because of his laudable desire, thus honorably to iden- 
tify himself with the cause of education in Tennessee. The bill 
introduced by him contemplated an effective remedy for the 
defects of the system then, and now, in operation, and would, 
doubtless, have answered every expectation of its author, and 
proven a most liberal and benign blessing to the State. The 
.system, once established, its wholesome and beneficial effects, 
would have been spread, broad-cast, all over the land, per- 
meating every nook and corner of the State ; and, in propor- 
tion to its success, and the benefits conferred, would have been 
the praise and reputation of its author. He labored most faith- 
fully and efficiently, for his darling measure, and, although 
defeat was the reward of his effoi'ts, still, no one, properly un- 
derstanding the subject in all its bearings, and appreciating the 
motives and objects had in view by Mr. Hatton, will deny that 
he deserved success. 

Regarding some such system, as that proposed in Mr. Hat- 
ton's Normal School bill, as of paramount importance to our 
educational interests, and trusting that some future Legislature 
will have the magnanimity, the enlightened patriotism, and 
sufficient love of learning, to induce it to reconsider and pass into 
law, some such measure as that of Mr. Hatton, we copy the 
following appropriate remarks, from the Nashville Christian 
Advocate: 

"The history of legislation in Tennessee, on the subject of 
education, is not complimentary to the State. It is a history 
marked by short-sighted expediency, to the neglect of broad, 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 79 

matured principles. It is a history, also, of anxious regards 
for the temjDorary popularity which follows an economical ex- 
penditure of the public money, even when the interests at stake, 
and requiring support, are closely connected with the stability, 
welfare and honor of society. The State has never endowed a 
University or a College ; and the Academies and common schools, 
sustained in part by her bounty, have, by no means, met the 
demands of the country. The good effected by them has been 
so little, in comparison with what was needed, that they have 
become objects of general complaint and frequent ridicule. 
Experience has demonstrated what wisdom had foreseen — that 
the Common School system of the State should be improved, 
and its resources augmented. The machinery should be per- 
fected; wherever deficient, it should be completed ; and wherev- 
er misapplied, it should be readjusted. Above all, it is abso- 
lutely necessary tiiat there should be an increase in the element 
of vitality and power — an access of enlightened and executive 
force, sufficient to work out the noble design of popular educa- 
tion. 

"We rejoice that this subject is beginning to take hold of the 
public mind, as it has never done in former times. We rejoice, 
too, in the hope that the present session of the Legislature will 
inaugurate a new era in the history of common schools, in Ten- 
nessee. We have heretofore referred to the bill, introduced by 
Mr. Hatton, of Wilson, for the establishment of a State ]N"ormal 
School, and for the appointment of a Superintendent of Public 
Instruction. This bill has been noticed, with great favor, by the 
newspaj)er8, and by many private citizens of the highest stand- 
ing; and if it should become a law, as we strongly hoj^e it will, 
it will certainly be a step far in advance, and that, too, in the 
right direction. It may be asked, what are the objects and 
specific provisions of the bill? We reply, briefly, that it con- 
templates the establishment of a State Normal School, " for the 
instruction and practice of teachers of common schools, in the 
science of education and the art of teaching." The expenses 
are to be met by the State. The benefits are to be enjoyed by 
persons, male and female, selected from the various counties, in 
numbers according to the ratio of population ; and those per- 



80 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

sons are to be obliged to teach in the common schools of the 
State, at least for a given length of time. The duties of the 
Superintendent of Public Instruction need not be defined, as 
they are indicated with sufficient clearness by the title of that 
officer. 

"To teach and govern children — to draw out, strengthen, and 
mature their faculties, and to inform them with knowledge and 
skill — this, surely, is no light task. It is an arduous work, even 
for those who are thoroughly qualified for it. Its moral and 
intellectual consequences — its results, for time and eternity, 
show that the most delicate and momentous responsiblities are 
involved in it. In fact, he who can read the character of the 
children now at school, as moulded by their teachers, can di- 
vine, almost with the certainty of inspiration, the social and 
political destiny of the State; and, it maybe, the moral and 
religious destiny of the men and women who will next come 
upon the stage of active life. How important, then, the inqui- 
ry, What are the qualifications of the teachers in the common 
schools of the State ? Truth requires the answer, that with a 
very few exceptions of individuals, their qualifications are al- 
most infinitely below the standard of mediocrity. Generally, 
they are young and inexperienced, without accurate acquaint- 
ance, even with the rudiments of knowledge — with no training 
and no love for teaching — and engaged in the work only for 
a season, and simply in view of the little pittance which 
will help them on to some business more agreeable to their 
feelings. The State, then, is in great need of competent 
teachers — persons knowing what they teach, and how to teach 
it — professional, life-long teachers, who will work from motives 
of love, duty, and honor, and not simply for money. How shall 
this want be supplied? From other sections of the Union? 
The hnv of self-respect forbids it ; for, if the people would re- 
spect themselves, they must, as far as possible, depend upon 
themselves. Besides, it is the duty of the State to develop her 
own resources, and not those of others— to enrich herself, and 
not others. Moreover, persons born and raised here, if properly 
educated, are, as teachers, far preferable to strangers, from 
other provinces, and with other dialects. Strangers, as teachers, 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 81 

would ridicule our dialect, and laugh at our provincialisms; 
and, at the same time, perhaps, would introduce others far 
more objectionable in their character. These arguments, 
though, are unnecessary, because other sections of the Union 
cannot, and loill not, supply teachers for Tennessee. The State, 
to-day, needs at least one thousand competent teachers for her 
common schools, and that number can, by no means, be im- 
ported, upon any fair terms. 

"What then? The State must qualify teachers — make them 
out of her own material ; and this can be done properly, only 
by means of a State iN'ormal School. The wisdom of this mode 
of qualifying teachers has been fully established in Europe, as 
well as in the United States. Prussia and France depend upon 
Normal Schools. Massachusetts, New York, and other States 
at the North, owe to Normal Schools, a great deal of their suc- 
cess in the education of all classes and kinds of society. In- 
deed, as far as we have observed, they have, wherever estab- 
lished, done great good, even beyond the most sanguine 
exi^ectations. Thus, experience confirms reason in the doctrine 
that, with school-teachers, as well as with lawyers, physicians, 
etc., professional education is essential to a high grade of excel- 
lence, and a large measure of success. In view of these facts 
and arguments, it is reasonable to hope that the enlightened 
legislators of the State of Tennessee will provide for the estab- 
lishment of a State Normal School. The expenses to be in- 
curred would not be considerable, if it is borne in mind how 
great are the evils to be remedied, and how salutary are the 
benefits which would certainly follow the adoption of the 
measure. Those benefits, tcto, would be chiefly enjoyed by the 
poor, whose children would thus be cared for by the State ; and 
before many years, all, alike, the sons and daughters of the poor, 
as well as those of the rich, would see and feel the enlightening 
and refining influence, which would go forth from the State 
Normal School, to every city, and village, and hamlet, in Ten- 
nessee. Again, we repeat the hope — and gladly would we have 
every christian and patriot join us in it — that this bill may 
become a law ; and, we will add, that similar measures may be 
adopted in every State not already provided with schools for 
teachers." 

6 



82 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

The following is fx'om the Nashville Republican Banner: 
" The bill for the establishment of a State Normal School, 
which had previously passed the House of Representatives, 
passed its second reading in the Senate, on Monday, by a vote 
of 13 to 10. We may, therefore, consider its final passage as 
assured. We congratulate the people of the State, and the Leg- 
islature of Tennessee, and particularly the Representative from 
Wilson (Mr. Hatton,) who proposed and introduced the bill, and 
who has devoted to its sujiport, all of his known energy and 
ability, upon the assurance of this auspicious result. Mr. Hat- 
ton has thus, upon his very entrance upon public life, insepa- 
rably connected his name with an institution of vast and incal- 
culable importance to the present and all future generations. 
We may add, that, from the time of the introduction of the bill, 
down to the present moment, the public voice, from one end of 
the State to the other, has steadily, and with singular unanimity, 
spoken loudly and earnestly in its favor, through the channels 
of the press." 

We had intended to introduce here, the speech of Mr. Hatton 
upon the Normal School Bill ; but, having failed to find it in 
the files of the Nashville papers, or elsewhere, we will present 
his remarks, made upon the third reading, in the House. They 
are as follows : 

STATE NORMAL SCHOOL. 

The Speaker now announced the special order, to-wit: the consideration, 
(on the third reading,) of INIr. Hatton's bill — to establish a State Normal 
School, and for other purposes — [incorpoi-ating the Superintendent of Public 
Instruction, the Secretary, Comptroller and Treasurer of State, and three 
Regents, for this purpose; students to pay their own expenses, except tuition 
and traveling to and from the Institution ; to sign a declaration that it is 
their intention to adopt the profession of teaching, and pledge themselves to 
teach two years in the county sending them ; authorizing State bonds, run- 
ning twenty years, to be sold for cash, for this purpose — grounds buildings, a 
library, etc.] 

The committee filled the blank appropriation with $50,000, and $5,000 to 
carry on the Institution one year. 

Which was concurred in. 

Mr. Hatton took the floor, and pi-esented facts in support of the bill. It 
was to establish an Institution, to give instructions in the art of teaching. 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 83 

It was not a novel thing. Normal Schools had been long established in the 
Old World, and their utility had been amply demonstrated in this country. 
No such school had ever gone down, to his knowledge. There were five 
Normal Schools in the little State of Switzerland; and it was a misdemeanor, 
by their laws, for a man to attempt to teach without a diploma from a Nor- 
mal School. The same was true of Prussia. Without indorsing the political 
State policy of these countries, we were compelled to acknowledge the supe- 
riority of their system, in literature and the arts. The influence of these 
institutions was felt extensively in France and England. Ex-Governor 
Marcy was amongst the originators of such an Institution in the State of 
New York. This enlightened and energetic man was foremost in the estab- 
lishment of the State Normal School, at Albany. There was no distinguished 
man, in the State of New York, who had not committed himself to the advo- 
cacy of these institutions. Soon as their influence came to be understood by 
the people, they were adopted and encouraged, on all hands, and there were 
now seven schools, of this character, in that State. Massachusetts, New 
Jersey, and Rhode Island, had established such an Institution, by State au- 
thority; Ohio and Pennsylvania had their endowed Normal Schools; and in 
no single case had there been a failure. The disappointments were in the 
abundant success of these Institutions. The world itself was waking up, all 
over, to this great truth — that teaching is a profession, and that the teacher 
should, in all cases, be, himself, instructed in the business of his ofiice. 
Many such facts as these were presented, by way of persuasion, that the 
principle of the bill was right. It had been indorsed by the public press — 
by newspapers of every class and every party, in the State. It had been the 
thing of the session, with Mr. H., and he had not met with a man, outside of 
the Legislature, but what said, frankly, that his bill should become a law. Its 
approbation was co-extensive with the knowledge and appreciation of the 
facts connected with the subject. One of the most learned Judges of the 
State had indorsed the sentiments of the Nashville Union, that without such 
an Institution, our common schools would have to go down. 

He then went into a review of the various propositions of the bill — the 
first, establishing the Institution ; the second, issuing State bonds, running 
twenty years, for grounds, buildings, and a library. Another provision 
was, tliat the tuition of the student was to be free of charge. They were to 
furnish their own boarding. This was the student's own investment, from 
which to make his fortune; and it would be unwise to make it costless. But 
the mileage of the student, traveling to and from the school, was to be paid 
by the Institution — five cents a mile — thus placing the individual, in Carter 
or Johnson county, desirous of the advantages of the Institution, upon an 
equal footing with those residing in the same .county where it may be lo- 
cated. 

Mr. Tipton — (interrupting) : We could pay our own mileage, in Carter. 
He did not want the gentleman to make an example of the people of his 
county. 



84 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

Mr. Hatton : "Well, he would withdraw Carter, and say, " Shelby county." 
By this mileage provision, the people of Shelby would be placed on the same 
footing with the people of Davidson. 

He then went into some account of the present condition of schools in the 
State of Tennessee, speaking the sentiment of every well-informed man, as 
he declared our common school system a failure. And the reason of this 
condition of things was traced to the fact of incapacity, or the want of 
training in our common school teachers. He was obliged to confess that the 
State was, at this day, dependant upon the Northern States, for teachers — 
and those not always the most efficient and worthy ; and thus, with others, 
he was forced to deplore the fact, that many of these teachers, coming 
amongst us, with all their prejudices against our institutions, were sowing 
pernicious Abolitionism in the opening minds of our youth. Teachers and 
books were both liable to this objection ; and so far, they were both con- 
temptible. And from this consideration, he drew an argument for his propo- 
sition, in the bill, to raise up teachers amongst om'selves. The necessity was 
imperative. We could not get teachers from the North, even if we desired 
them. 

He held the House with many other facts and considerations, persuasive 
of the adoption of his bill. 

Mr. Smith opposed the bill. The insuperable objection was, that the State 
could not supply the money. The State had been so liberal toward her 
railroads, her agricultural bureaus, her splendid capitols, that now she had 
nothing left to extend that liberality. Amongst all his duties here, he de- 
sired, most ardently, to preserve the credit of the State; and, being, himself, 
one of the people upon whom the responsibility was to rest, he must be ex- 
cused from supporting such an aristocratic proposition as that of the gentle- 
man from Wilson. 

When Mr. Smith had concluded — 

Mr. Carlock rose to a point of order. He submitted, Avhether it was par- 
liamentary for tbe gentleman from McNairy to occupy the time of the 
House, as he was now doing, with a long private conversation with the 
Chair. 

Mr. Smith replied, that he had been addressing himself to the Speaker, 
because he regarded him as a man of sense, and able to appreciate an argu- 
ment. 

Mr. Smith " desired most ardently to preserve the credit of 
the State." His action, in voting against Mr. Hatton's bill, 
contradicted his declaration. He ought to have known, (and 
so ought all others, opposing the bill,) that the "credit of the 
State," or of an individual, does not consist altogether in the 
ability to pay a sum of money due a party or j^arties — some- 
thing else is requisite. In order to "preserve her credit," 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 85 

the State should enact wise and wholesome laws, to restrain 
and punish the bad, and to protect and encourage the good ; 
she should provide a judicious system of internal improvements, 
a well regulated militia, and levy taxes sufficient to defray all 
expenses of government. But this is not enough to "preserve 
her credit," — she must do more. She must legislate, not only to 
develop her agricultural, mineral, mechanical, manufactural and 
industrial resources, but she must do still more — lake yet 
another stej) in the ascending scale. If she would " preserve 
her credit," she must legislate to develop the mind; must educate 
the youth of the country, upon whom, the weight, responsi- 
bility and direction of government will soon rest; must "teach 
the young idea how to shoot." To accomplish this end, an ef- 
ficient and thoroughly trained corps of teachers is necessary. 
Mr. Hatton's bill provided for this, upon a comprehensive and 
well digested plan ; provided, not only to furnish and continue 
one or more thoroughly trained teachars in each county of the 
State, but also, in the inost liberal and enlightened sense, to 
"preserve the credit " of the State itself, the true credit, the loss 
of which ought to cause Mr. Eepresentative Smith, and his 
class of legislators, to blush for very shame. 

But Mr. Smith would oppose and vote against the Normal School 
Bill for another reason. He would beg to be "excused from 
supporting such an aristocratic proposition as that of the gentle- 
man, (Mr. Hatton,) from Wilson ! " . "Aristocratic proposition ! " 
We accept the qualifying term, taken in its legitimate sense, 
but not as Mr. Smith would construe it. No doubt he would 
hold out the idea that such a measure would benefit the rich, 
and not the poor, and thus render it obnoxious to some as 
a species of class legislation. But such is not the case ; 
God is impartial ; and He is just as likely to bestow upon 
the poor man's son a sound mind and body, as upon the rich 
man's son. These are the requisites, with application and 
energy, for admission to the school contemplated in the 
bill. True, every one thus qualified could not gain admit- 
tance, but it is from this class the Selections woiild be made. 
"Aristocratic proposition!" Yes, the measure is truly aristo- 
cratic, noble, wise, magnanimous, enlightened, statesman- 



86 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

like, praiseworthy, deserving the approbation and support of 
every enlightened, genuine christian patriot; and its benefits 
and privileges, had it become a law, would have extended to 
the aristocracy, the nobility, the "privileged class" — every son 
and daughter of the State ! "Would that we had more of this 
aristocracy of the mind, this intellectual nobility, this " class 
legislation," for the education of the youth of Tennessee. Do 
they not need it? Ask the seventy-five thousand adults, more 
than twenty-one years of age, who can neither read nor write ! 
Ask their children, their neighbors and friends. 

But, says Mr. Smith, and those who vote with him, it would 
require an expenditure of some §50,000 or $60,000, and the 
treasury has already been drained to build the Capitol, estab- 
lish agricultural bureaus, and construct various railroads; "the 
State could not supply the money." With all due deference, 
we assert to the contrary. The State is able, or the people who 
compose it, are, amply so. True, the money may not be in the 
treasury, but that is of minor importance; it may be soon 
placed there. We would not recommend the issuance of State 
bonds, as Mr. Hatton did ; we would adopt a more direct and 
speedy way than that of selling State bonds at a heavy dis- 
count ; we would not have the State borrow the means ; we 
would favor a special tax for the purpose. A poll-tax of twenty- 
five or forty cents per capita, would be ample for the purpose, 
and no one would feel it as a burden. Doubtless, all, or nearly so, 
would be more than willing thus to contribute to so praiseworthy 
an object. Where is the man, rich or poor, who would not will- 
ingly pay twenty -five or forty cents to establish so important 
an institution as a State Normal School. Let him who would 
hesitate, or refuse to do so, forego, for once, the pleasure of at- 
tending the circus, the menagerie, the "Ethiopian string-band 
performance;" let him deny himself of a quart of whisky, a 
plug of tobacco, or a couple of cigars ! Self-denial is a personal 
virtue ; in tliis case it would be a public benefit. As expressed 
on a preceding page, we most ardently hope that some future 
Legislature will reconsider the subject, and, with a unanimity 
of feeling, and an enlightened and patriotic action, wipe forever 
from the escutcheon of Tennessee, that foul blot of a failure to 
establish upon her soil, a State Normal School. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 



Mr. Hatton's bill passed the House of Eepresentatives ; the 
second reading in the Senate, but was lost on its third and last 
reading by one vote ! Its failure was, perhaps, more to be at- 
tributed to party bias and political prejudice, than to sincere 
and honest opposition to the bill itself. 

The following note to Professor Lindsley, without date, ex- 
presses much : 
Prop. N. Lawrence Lindsley: — 

Dear Sir: — Your book on Normal Schools came to 
me in good time. I regret, however, that all my efforts, with 
your book to aid me, failed in the accomj)lishment of an object 
which I had much at heart. As you saw by the papers, my 
bill was defeated in the Senate by one vote. Modern Democ- 
racy, as represented in that body, gave it but one vote. De- 
generate times, these ! 

Truly your friend, 

Egbert Hatton. 

After a session of five months, the Legislature adjourned, 
having left undone some things that ought to have been done, 
if it did not do some things it ought not to have done. 

The Lebanon Herald, of that date, (latter part of February, 
1856,) has the following closing paragraph in an article upon the 
acts and labors of the Legislature for 1855-6: "It affords us 
pleasure to state that our Senator, "VV. B. Stokes, and our Eep- 
resentatives, Eobert Hatton and John T. Grleaves, have dis- 
charged their duties ably and faithfully. Their acts, we doubt 
not, will be approved and applauded by an enlightened con- 
stituency." 

Mr. Hatton, although relieved of the labors of legislation, 
was not idle. He found ample employment in his law office, 
in the discharge of the duties of his profession. Thus he was 
employed iTutil the first of the following June, when business 
called him North. The following letters to his wife, written 
from different places, will probably prove worthy of perusal : 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 



Onboard the "Nettie Miller," 

Clarksville, June M^ 1856. 
Dear Sophie: — 

A word on my way. We have gotten along dead slow 
fi'om jSTashville ; all day, and only to Clarksville ! "Will get to 
Paducah about this time to morrow. The boat is, however, 
very pleasant, and plenty of room, so I am doing very well. I 
am half mad at myself! Whilst sitting on the bow of the 
boat to-day, we j)assed a boat Ij'ing by the bank putting off 
freight — the Rosaline, I believe. Looking at some object on the 
shore, I did not observe the passengers particularly, until we 
were past, when looking at the doors of the berths, I saw, no 
doubt, Mr. Eiddle. I bowed at him, but did not get his atten- 
tion. I could not have gotten an opportunity to speak but a 
word with him, but still, tliat would have been something. I 
imagined I saw Mag after supposing I had discovered Mr E., 
but perhajDS was mistaken. I am very sony that I cannot be 
at home to receive them, and be with them. Give them both 
my best love. 

I have read two or three articles in Harper, for June, to-day, 
— one (and a most excellent one, too) called, "A healthy wife 
— wanted." Eead it. Kiss Mary and Eeilly for papa a dozen 
times a day, and yourself twice for every time you kiss them ! 

I left Nashville without seeing sister Mary ; hated that very 
much, but could not help it. Take good care of your dear self 
and our dear children. In haste. 

Your affectionate husband, 

E. Hatton. 

Louisville, Kentucky, 

Sunday Morning , June 8, 185G. 
Dear Sophie: — 

I got here last night at 9 o'clock, and stopped at the 
Gault House. Concluderl, having taken a moral fit, not to 
travel on Sunday, but to stay here and go to church. Will 
leave in the morning for Cincinnati, on the cars. My trip here 
has been a tedious one. Was delayed at Paducah one day, and 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 89 

have had to lay uj) almost every night on account of fog. The 
crowd on the boats was large all the time, but I had but little 
to do with it — scarcely any thing — never so much indisposed to 
be in a crowd. 

On our getting in sight of Louisville, an elegant Kentucky 
gentleman with whom I had had something to say, approached 
and handed me his card, with the request that if I ever came to 
Bourbon county, that I must stop and see him and family. He 
then said if I would have my trunk placed with his, and see his 
wife — a real Kentucky beauty, aged about twenty — off the 
boat, he would go out and get a hack for us all. I, of course, 
agreed to it, and went back with him to the ladies' cabin, and 
received an introduction to his wife, to whom I played the 
agreeable for an hour, and rode in the hack with her and her 
husband to the hotel. This was the only time I was back as 
far as the ladies' cabin! Havn't I behaved well? 

If you were with me, I feel that I should enjoy my trip 
finely. As it is, I am all the time thinking about home, and 
getting back there. The next time I take such a trip, you will 
go along — won't go without you. 

I hope you and the babies are well and happy. Take good 
care of yourself, dear, and our sweet little treasures. Tell 
Eeilly papa will bring something nice when he comes home. 

I will go from here immediately to New York. Don't 
know how I shall return yet — the quickest way, however. 

My love to all the folks — Mr. E. and Mag in particular. I 
do very much regret being absent just now. 

Kiss the children for papa, a score of times apiece. 

Your affectionate husband, 
E. Hatton. 

St. Nicholas Hotel, 

New York, J^lne 11, 185G. 
My Dear Sophie: 

I have just gotten hero from Albany — came by the river. 
Having registered my name, I sit down, as the next thing — be- 
fore eating my breakfast, or going to my 'room — to say God 



90 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

bless you, Sophie, and oiu* dear babies, and to express the hope 
that 3^ou and they are well. That you may be kept safe from 
disease, and all harm, until my return, has been my frequent 
prayer, since leaving Lebanon. I do believe, that it is well for 
a man, occasionally, to be separated from his family, and to 
feel, that between him and them are dangers, and that by possi- 
bility, he may not see them again. It reveals to him, (if others 
are like your husband,) the fact, that their presence is indis- 
pensable to his happiness. At almost every quiet moment, 
since I left home, the image of you and the children has been 
before me. More than once, whilst thinking of you, I endea- 
vored to go to sleep, holding that in dreaming, I might enjoy the 
luxmy of being in your midst ! I shall get through here as 
soon as possible, and strike for Lebanon. I am tired already of 
traveling. The trip has been pleasant enough, but I am sick 
of the fuss and press of crowded boats, and cars, and streets. 
I got to Cincinnati Monday, and left in an hour for Buffalo. 
Got there at 10 o'clock that night, and stayed until 8 o'clock 
yesterday — then started for Albany. Got there last night a lit- 
tle after dark, and went immediately, on board the mail boat, 
and started for New York, where we were safely landed a half 
an hour since. Enough of my trip ; when I get home, we will 
talk it over. 

My health is excellent. The trip will be of service to me. 
Take good care of yourself and our treasures, and 1 promise 
you to take good care of myself. My love to all. I will wi'ite 
again in a day or two. 

Your affectionate husband, 

E. Hatton. 

St. Nicholas, N. Y., 

June 12, 1856. 
Mt Dear Wife: — 

I have been here now two whole days, and no letter from 
you. I have inquired at the office five times; so you see I have 
been somewhat anxious to hear from you. Treated me badly, 
havn't you ?***=;' ^js^icsi; ^ 

I have seen something of ISTew York. It is certainly a re- 
markable place. I had but a vague idea of it. My expecta- 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 91 

tions have been more than realized. There are a number of 
Tennesseans, of my acquaintance here — men and ladies. I 
went to supper to-night with a lady from Nashville — formerly a 
Miss Gardiner, of Sumner County. Mother knows her, very 
well. The Misses Spence, of Murfreesboro', are here, and I 
have been invited to call on them, but have not done so. 

Politics pretty high itp here. The Free-soil Americans are 
in session now. A low flung set — very. I was in the conven- 
tion and heard them to-day, and was thoroughly disgusted 
with them. Saw George Law there — a great beast ! 

Senator Douglass spoke from the balcony, here to-night — a 
little, fat, ordinary looking man, and only a moderate good 
sj)eaker. Cobb and T. Butler King, also, spoke. 

But I did not start to write a letter, but only to say, I am 
greatly disaj)pointed in not getting one from you. 

Kiss ^our dear babes for 'papa, and be re-assured of the de- 
votion of 

Your affectionate husband, 

E. Hatton. 

St. Nicholas, JST. Y. City, 

June 15, 1856. 
My Dear Sophie : — 

I have received no letter from your dear hand yet. Been 
greatly disappointed ! Mag's letter states, however, that your 
eye is quite sore — too much so, I suj)pose, to allow you to write. 
I am very sorry — sorry for you, and for myself. Hope it may 
be better very soon, and that I may read a letter from you yet, 
before leaving here. It will, however, have to be here in two 
days, for on Thursday I shall leave here for Albany, where I 
have to return on business connected with the suit that brought 
me North. It has troubled me exceedingly, and nothing but 
labor, long and unceasing, for three days, has enabled me to 
get head or tail of it. Whether head and tail having been 
found, both together, will be worth anything, is yet doubtful. I 
will see, at Albany. 

I am delighted, beyond expectation, with much that I see 
North ; with some things not so much so. We, down South, are 
wofully behind the rest of mankind. In many respects the 



92 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

peoj^le here are our inferiors ; in others, greatly our superiors. 
Our peoj^le are less selfish ; more impulsive. The people here, 
more enlightened on all benevolent and public subjects, (except 
politics.) I have heard a good deal of speaking here — Doug- 
lass, of Illinois; Cobb, of G-a.; and T. Butler King, at the Demo- 
cratic Eatification Meeting; Gov. Johnson, Gov. Ford, and a 
host of othei*s in the Abolition Convention, etc., etc.; and I have 
yet to hear a man, who, in force and point, and all the qualities 
that captivate a crowd, is equal to any one of a dozen, in Mid- 
dle Tennessee. I have heard one sermon — heard it to-day — Dr. 
Chapin, Broadway — one of the most learned and beautiful dis- 
courses I ever heard. Eead from manuscript. The church is 
a palace. Oh, Sophie, people can not be christians — true, hum- 
ble christians, here. Too much that is gorgeous, showy — cal- 
culated to cultivate every worldly inclination and taste. It 
would not suit me. Eather go — yes, infinitely rather — to our 
little, old church, where I would see a few jilain, old fashioned 
women, like Mrs. Muirhead, and Kelly, and others that we see 
there, worshiping God — not themselves — than to any temple of 
fashion and vanity ; for such are most of the churches in large 
cities. 

Mag and Mr. E's letter came to hand yesterday morning. 
Will's last night, though first written. I was delighted 
to sec the old Lebanon post stamp on an envelepe. Lebanon, 
by -the bj'^e, is a great place. I am more contented with it than 
ever before — and with my dear wife, Soiihic. God bless and 
take care of you and ours until my return. 

Your affectionate husband, 

E. Hatton. 

P. S.— My love to all. Tell Ecilly that papa will soon come 
home to see him and mama and Mary. God bless their little 
souls ! E. H. 

Philadelphia, Pa., 

June 19, 1856. 
My Dear Sophie: — 

I am here, attending (as a spectator) the Black Eepub- 
lican Convention. A hard set as was ever congregated to- 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 93 

getlier. They nominated Mr. Fremont for the Presidency, to-day. 
I came down from New York this morning, after a stay in that 
city of seven days. Will leave here to-morrow or next day for 
home. Am a little tired of fuss and bustle — will feel quite 
contented with the quiet of Lebanon. Don't like a city. Phila- 
adelphia is a lovely place, but tame — decidedly so — compared 
with New York. JSTew Yoi'k is a world in itself — a great world, 
at that — and daily growing greater. 

My route from here home will be by way of Washington. 
Can't say precisely when I will get home. My health is good — 
very good. Have, however, no appetite — seem to have no need 
for food. Have been doing what Balie [Peyton, his nephew] 
would no doubt think was hard, paying ^2.75 per day for board, 
and not eating ten cents' worth a day, very often. 

Grive my best love to all. Say to William that the letters 
wi'itten by him were received at New York, with their con- 
tents, all right. 

Kiss Eeilly and Mary for pa a dozen times apiece, and your- 
self two dozen times. Good bye, and may God bless and guard 
you. 

E, Hatton. 

Washington City, 

June 19, 1856. 
Dear Sophie : — 

I have just arrived in Washington. Came from Phila- 
delphia to Baltimore this morning ; and from Baltimore to 
Washington, this evening. Will stay here over to-morrow, and 
then put off for Lebanon. Am seeing ^'sights," but unfortu- 
nately for me, I saw New York first. All the rest are tame and 
dull compared with it. Baltimore is a beautiful place, but does 
not present a business appearance, at least, at present. The 
Washington Monument there is "^Ae sight" of the city. I went 
up to the top of it and spent an hour. Met again, for the third 
time, a lady from Tennessee, formerly a Miss Gardiner. Left 
her at Baltimore. She seemed delighted to see me, and regret- 
ted "exceedingly" my having to leave their comj)any ! Bah! I 
have seen nothing here yet — ^got in just at night. To-morrow I 



94 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

shall go round ; and when I get home, I will give yoii my 
notes. I am disappointed in the place — the little I have seen 
of it. Looks very common and dull. 

Give my love to all, and hug and pinch and kiss the babies 
for papa. I saw a child this morning, that looked very much 
like Eeilly ! I could hardly keep my hands off him. 
Good bye. 

Your affectionate husband, 

E. Hatton. 

A few days after writing the above letter, Mr. Hatton re- 
turned home from his trip North. He was not, however, per- 
mitted to enjoy many days of quiet and rest, with his family. 
He had, in the mean time, been appointed Elector for Presi- 
ident and Vice-President, in the 5th Congressional District of 
Tennessee. This, however, was not unexpected, either by his 
friends or himself. The "Whig and Ainerican press in this Dis- 
trict, as well as many of the more prominent politicians, 
had early manifested a decided preference for Mr. Hatton, for 
the position, as will be seen in the following paragraph from 
the Lebanon Herald : 

"District Elector. — We took some pains while at the Con- 
vention at Nashville, to ascertain from the delegates of the 
various counties of this district, who their preference was, for 
Elector. Their choice was for our able Representative, Robert 
Hatton. As Wilson had the Elector the last time, we do not 
feel inclined to press her claims. This much, we will say, how- 
ever; if the District sees proper to again honor Wilson with 
the nomination, and Mr. Hatton is selected, no man in the State 
will make a more vigorous, determined and successful fight." 

The Democratic Elector, in opposition to Mr. Hatton, was 
Col. E. A. Keeble, of Rutherford county, an able lawyer, a 
gifted speaker, and an accomplished gentleman. They were 
two champions, of opposite parties, well pitted. Both did their 
duty well, and both received the praise and approval of their 
respective pai'ties. In heated political contests, it is difficult to 
find anything, spoken or written, for or against the i^rincipal ac- 
tors, free from party bias, or political prejudice. So, in the case 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 95 

of Messrs. Hattou and Keeble. Their political friends, and 
especially the partisan presses, in discussing the relative merits, 
or demerits, of the principles represented and ' advocated by 
them, abound too much in exaggeration or extenuation, praise 
or censure, "one is all right" and "the other is all wrong," to 
be worthy the dignity of history or biography. We could in- 
troduce much, said to the praise of Mr. Hatton, but deem it 
unnecessary and improper. We will give the following extract, 
from the Rutherford Telegraph, on the opening of the canvass, at 
Murfreesboro' ; 

" The canvass between these two talented gentlemen will be 
one of interest. We say to those of all parties, who desire a 
rich feast in the way of listening to public debating, to go and 
hear them. 

"Mr. Hatton surpasses the most sanguine exj)ectations of his 
party. All who knew him, were aware that he possessed extra- 
ordinary talents, but he pi'oves himself to be a giant. We con- 
fidently look for a gain of five hundred votes, in this Congress- 
ional District, for Fillmore and Donelson." 

The following paragraph, from the same pa2)er, thus notices 
the close of the canvass, in that county : 

"Messrs. Hatton and Keeble have been engaged everyday 
this week, in addressing the people of Eutherford county, at 
different points. They wind up their appointments in this 
county to-day, at Pierce's Mill. We understand, fi*om those 
who have heard these highly talented gentlemen, during the 
week, that Mr. Hatton sustains himself most gallantly, bringing 
forward in his speeches, a strong array of facts, that are alto- 
gether unanswerable. Col. Keeble speaks with ability, but his 
cause is bad, and he finds it, we suppose, an ui)-hill business, to 
defend Mr. Buchanan." 

The Franklin Review, in its report of the discussion, in Wil- 
liamson county, speaks thus : 

"Hatton and Keeble. — These gentlemen addressed a res- 
pectable portion of the people of Williamson county, at this 
place, on Tuesday last. Col. Keeble led off in a very ingenious, 
lawyer-like, speech, of an hour and a half, during which, he 
presented, the Democratic view of the present contest, in as 



96 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

favorable a light, we suppose, as was in his power. Indeed, so 
ably and ingeniously did he scatter himself over a broad terri- 
tory of principles, that we began to question the ability of our 
young friend Hatton, to sweep up his ashes, and again scatter 
them to the winds ; but he had not been speaking long before 
our last lingering doubt and fear had taken to themselves wings, 
and flown away to return no more. 

"There wasthis marked difference between the j)ositions of the 
two men : Keeble was all the time defending Buchanan, while 
Hatton was advocating Fillmore, and charging upon old Buck. 
Our friend Keeble, who is a good lawyer, did as well in his de- 
fense of his man, as the best of his party speakers could do, and 
for that he is entitled to the praise of his friends ; but when we 
say, that, in the judgment of all impartial men present, he ut- 
terly and entirely failed of a successful defense, we but say the 
truth. 

" Mr. Hatton made the right kind of a speech, and just such 
an one as cannot fail to win upon the favorable regards of calm, 
deliberate thinking men. He is perfectly acquainted with the 
issues and understands perfectly, the use of the weapons, both of 
offense and defense ; but so just is his cause, so pure is the re- 
cord of his men, and so warmly are their claims responded to 
by our people, that he has no occasion to use the latter, in "Wil- 
liamson. 

" His speech, throughout, was as luminous as light, and no 
man who wished to understand the position he occupied, or the 
principles he advocated, could fail to have a correct and fair 
understanding of them. 

" Both of the speeches were high-toned, liberal and courteoue, 
as all such discussions should ever be." 

The Lebanon Herald, has the following in reference to the 
closing discussion, in "Wilson county : 

"Hatton and Keeble. — These gentlemen addressed a very 
large assemblage of people in this place last Saturday. 

" Col. Keeble spoke first ; and although we admit he is a 
gentleman of ability, he iitterly failed to sustain either himself 
or his party. This fact, we know, is conceded by many of his 
friends, (the statements of correspondents to the contrary, not- 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 97 

withstanding.) Hatton's speech was a masterly effort. He over- 
turned every argument adduced by his opponent. This fact, we 
also know^ and so do our Democratic friends. It is not denied by 
any body. His defense of Fillmore, and the American Plat- 
form, was eloquent and convincing, and could not be answered. 
We predict that he will quit this canvass with a reputation, as a 
debater, second to no man in Tennessee." 

We could thus continue giving extracts from every county in 
the District, and from every paper, too, of the party which he 
represented, but the above will suffice for the discussions. 

We find the following in the Nashville Banner, of that date, 
(Summer of 1856): 

" Robert Hatton, the American Elector, for the 5th Congress- 
ional District, spoke in this city Saturday afternoon, and again 
at night. Great as were the expectations, which had been 
aroused, by the reports of the manner in which he had borne 
himself in the canvass, and of the frequent triumphs he had 
achieved over his able and distinguished competitor, he came up 
to them fully. The American party is justly proud of him, as 
one of its most gallant and meritorious champions. Good luck 
to you, Bob, in all your aspirations !" 

Among other prominent gentlemen, of Tennessee, who sup- 
ported the Buchanan and Breckenridge ticket, for the Presi- 
dency, in 1856, in opposition to that of Fillmore and Donelson, 
was Ex-Gov. James C. Jones, at one time the Whig standard 
bearer, in Tennessee, and a great admirer and disciple of Henry 
Claj^, the Magnus Apollo of the Whig party, in the "United 
vStates. In the exciting times of 1840-4, Mr. Jones did his 
party most efficient service, and many and heavy were the 
blows he dealt Democracy. As the reward of his labors, he 
was elected Governor of the State, over Jas. K. Polk, the nom- 
inee of the Democratic party. Twelve years after, in 1856, we 
find Mr. Jones stumping the State, advocating the claims of 
Buchanan and Breckenridge, the nominees of the Democratic 
party, to the highest honors within the gift of the people. This 
unexpected and rather anomalous course of Gov. Jones, was 
7 



98 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

considered by many, as a most masterly feat in political tergi- 
versation ; but the great Whig leader in Tennessee, endeavored 
to reconcile his course with consistency, by alleging that the 
support of the Democratic party, was the less of two evils ; that 
he could not conscientiously advocate the principles of the 
American part}^ ; that the Whig party, as an organization, was 
dead ; and that the only alternative was, to unite with the 
Democracy, for the salvation of the Government ! He did unite 
Avith them, and made many speeches, during the canvass, in be- 
half of Mr. Buchanan, who was really the author or originator 
of the charge of "bargain, intrigue and corruption," against 
Mr. Clay, formerly the political idol of Gov. Jones. 

When Gov. Jones came to Lebanon, where he formerly re- 
sided, to address the people of Wilson county, upon the polit- 
ical issues of the day, the friends of Mr. Hatton desired him to 
answer Gov. Jones, and for this reason, asked a division of time; 
but this was not granted. We quote fi-om the Herald : " The 
old friends and neighbors of Gov. Jones, frequently ask us if 
we think he would consent to divide time with an opponent 
next Saturday. Our invariable rejily has been — No. The 
Governor occupies a very ridiculous position ; and it is our 
honest conviction that he would as soon stick his head in the 
fire as to have that position examined, especially before a Wil- 
son county audience. As there is a general desire, however, 
amongst the Governor's old friends, here, that he should be met, 
we throw down the glove to him again, hojiing that he may 
have the nerve to take it up. Our District Elector, Eobert Hat- 
ton, is ready and willing to meet you, Governor. Will you ac- 
cept the proposition or back out ? Don't let your Democratic 
brethren prevail upon you not to accept this j^roposition, upon 
the ground, that Mr. Hatton is a young man. unknown to fame. 
Ho is a young man, it is true, but he's enough for you. DAEE 
you meet him?" 

As stated above. Gov. Jones declined to accede to the propo- 
sition of Mr. Hatton's friends, and divide time with him. Says 
the Herald: "After the close of the speaking on Saturday, it 
was publicly announced that our talented Elector, Eobert Hat- 
ton, would, by request, address the Fillmore and Donclson Club 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 99 

at the Court House, at night. This announcement caused a 
louder sliout, and more enthusiasm than was witnessed the 
whole day. 

"A large crowd from the country, remained, and at night, they 
all repaired to the Court-house, and were addressed by Mr. 
Hatton, for two hours and a half, in one of the most eloquent 
and telling speeches we have heai'd this canvass. He took up 
Gov. Jones' speech and riddled it from beginning to end. The 
crowd paid breathless attention to him, and every time he dug 
"Lean Jeemes" under the "fifth rib," which he did very often, it 
brought down the most tremendous shouting. Hatton made a 
glorious speech, and we never saw a crowd better pleased. He 
kindled afresh, the fires of 1844, in every heart present, and 
every man left the Court-house with a determination to work 
unceasingly from noAV until the election." 

With one more paragraph, we close what Ave have to say, in 
reference to Mr. Hatton's services as Elector. With a laudable 
ambition, and legitimate and honorable aspirations, he labored 
most faithfully and zealously for the party and men of his choice 
and although the result of the election was not in accordance 
with his wishes, nor those of his party, still he had the proud 
satisfaction to know, that he had, in the Presidential canvass of 
1856, ably and cheerfully discharged his duty, to himself, to his 
party, and, as he believed, to his country. Notwithstanding, 
success did not crown ii: efforts with the immediate object of 
his toils and hopes, (the election of Mr. Fillmore to the Presi- 
dency,) still, he had accomplished much for himself He had 
met, on the stump and in the forum, some of the most able and 
gifted orators of the State, and had come out of the contest with 
honor to himself, if not success to his party. He had measured 
swords with the most powerful speakers of the day, and "shiv- 
ered lances" with the giants of Democracy. He had helped to 
fight one of the great political battles of the country, and had re- 
turned unscathed, unhurt, undismayed at the glitter of the foe- 
man's steel. He had done more. He had come from the con- 
test, an eloquent, successful and accomplished orator, with an 
honorable and rapidly growing reputation, and was already far 
advanced on the highway to political distinction. 



100 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 



CHAPTEE V. 

1856. Hatton again in his Law Office— Heavy Practice— Politics draws him fron. 
his Business— Solicited to run for Congress— Submits the matter to his friends- 
Letter to his Sister— Obstinacy of Col. Keady's friends— Recommended for Gov- 
ernor — Delegate to the American State Convention — Xominated for Governor — 
Notices by the Press— Prepares for the Canvass— His opponent a "Matured States- 
man" — Hatton equal to the emergency— Letter to J. V. Drake— Begins the Can- 
vass, May 25th — Letters to his wife— Reception at Lebanon — His Speech at Nash- 
ville—Close of the Canvass— Card of the Candidates— The Election— Hatton De- 
feated— 1857. 

Having accomplished his duties in the canvass, as Presi- 
dential Elector, and the election being past, Mr. Hatton was 
again in his office, earnestly and laboriously engaged in the 
dispatch of accumulated professional duties. His ijractice had 
now become heavy and lucrative, not only in the District or 
Circuit Courts, but in the Supreme Court, at Nashville. As ex- 
pressed in his own language, of that date, ''my law business is 
very good, and if I would stick to it closely, it would get still 
better." And why did he not "stick to it?" What was it that 
diverted his attention ? Not idleness, dissipation, or gross neg- 
lect? No, indeed. Quite the contrary. He was industrious, 
frugal, and prompt in his attention to business. It was not 
from any reprehensible conduct upon his part, or upon the part 
of any. But it was the enchanting, and ever alluring field 
of politics, that dazzled his eye and engaged his attention. It 
was in obedience to the voice of the people, to the behests of 
party, that ho laid aside his law books and a lucrative practice, 
and devoted his time, talents and energies, to the pursuit of 
politics, to the heat and turmoil of party strife. How wisely 
he acted, in thus doing, it is not oui* province to say. He did 
it, and it becomes our duty and privilege to state the fact, and 
leave the reader to form and express his own opinions. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 101 

Scarcely had Mr. Hatton recovered from the fatigues of the 
late canvass, and become cozely ensconced in his law office, be- 
fore he began to receive calls, verbal and written, private as 
well as through the press, to become a candidate for Congress. 
This was not the first time. He had been solicited in 1853, 
and again in 1855, but declined in favor of Hon. Charles Eeady, 
of Eutherford ; and now for the third time, he was more ur- 
gentlj^ called upon than ever before, to consent to let his friends 
present his name to the people of the 5th District, for that po^ 
sition. He responded, through the Lebanon Herald, as follows : 

Mr. Editor: — 

I am in receipt, almost daily, of communications from 
political friends in this District, soliciting me to announce my- 
self a candidate for Congress, subject to a Convention. In re- 
ply to them, and for the information of those who may not 
understand my position, I desire to say, what I have uniformly 
said to those who have approached me in person, u25on the 
subject. 

"Without any solicitation, on my part, my name was brought 
before the public. It was done by those who desired that I 
should be the candidate for Congress, of the Americans and 
"VVhigs of this District. 

To those who have spoken, or written to me on the subject, I 
have simply replied, if it was desired by my x^arty, in the Dis- 
trict, that I should be their candidate, and that desire was pro- 
perly expressed, I should run. Otherwise, I did not intend to. 
Otherwise, I did not desire to. 

Yours, respectfully, 

Robert Hatton. 

Mr. Hatton, pursued a course at once dignified and independ- 
ent, and one calculated, to still more strongly endear him to 
his political friends. We commend his example to all aspirants 
for office. Mr. Ready, or perhaps his friends, for him, had pro- 
mised in the previous canvass, of 1855, that if Mr. Hatton, 
would not then be a candidate, but would yield the field to Mr. 
Ready, that the latter would not be a candidate at the succeed- 



102 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

ing election, in 1857. Mr. Hatton's friends remembering this 
promise, did not now, of course, expect any opposition from 
Mr. Eeady, or his friends. But promises, many of them, at 
least, like pie-ci-usts, are made to be bi'oken. So, in the case of 
Mr. Eeady. About the first of January, 1857, he writes to Mr. 
Hatton informing him, 'that he exj)ects to be a candidate for 
Congress, again ;" thus early endeavoring to forestall Mr. Hat- 
ton, and, if possible, dissuade him from becoming a candidate. 
Mr. Hatton being a man of prudence and discretion, left the 
matter in the hands of his political friends, saying if it was 
their wish for him to be their candidate, and that desire was 
properly expressed, he would consent to run for Congress. 
Otherwise, he would not. 

The following letter, to his sister, alludes to the subject briefly. 
We copy it, however, more for the sensible reflections expressed 
therein, in reference to his early life, and the method best cal- 
culated for raising up j^roud hnt poor boys. It was written just 
after his return from Nashville, where he had been, in attend- 
ance upon the Supreme Court : 

Lebanon, Tenn., 

January 17, 1857. 
Dear Mary: — 

And I did leave Nashville without seeing you a second, 
time. Why, I will fully explain when I see jovl. Suffice, for 
the present, my reasons are good. Found all well, on my re- 
turn. Got a decree in my favor, in my big Harsh case, before 
I left Nashville; came here, consequently, in good humor. My 
other cases were not decided, when I left. Am now sorely 
pressed with my business for the Circuit Coui*t, which begins 
on next Monday. We are expecting a heavy business — keej)- 
ing us in court for three or four weeks. My law business is 
veiy good, and if I would stick to it closel}-, it would get still 
better. This, there is probability of mj- having to do, as Mr. 
Ready has written to me that he "expects to be a candidate for 
Congress, again." ' My friends say he shall not run. How it 
will end, is not certain. How would you prefer it should end? 
Eh!— say? 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 103 

We got a letter from father, two days since. They were all 
very well and seem to be very happy and contented, from the 
way father writes. The boys* are getting on, he says, very 
finely. I do hope they may do well — not for their own sakes, 
and yours, only, but because I feel, myself, the same interest in 
them that I should, if the}^ were mine. In fact, I sometimes 
feel that I am more interested about their conduct and success 
in life, than I should do, if they were mine — the reason being, 
that I know your happiness is directly involved in whatever 
pertains to them. Don't fail to frequently suggest to father 
and mother, the propriety of being strict and firm with them, in 
requiring them to be attentive to their business, and active and 
industrious in their habits. Everything depends on their 
growing up with proper views of life, and the necessity of their 
doing something. They are both highly intellectual. All, then 
that is necessary to make men of them, is, to see that they are 
steady and industrious. In this world, the sluggard is left far, 
far behind, in whatever he engages in. " He that will not work, 
and work hard, must be content with little, and learn to be 
humble." This is a maxim of great antiquity, yet, particularly 
true of the present age. Your boys are proud by nature. If 
their position in life is humble, they will never be happy. 
Hence, the great necessity of their being taught industry and 
activity whilst young. To my being forced to work hard, in 
Long Hollow, I attribute, in a great degree, my little success in 
life. Whatever faults I may have, of one thing I can boast ; 
that is, that since I was fourteen years old, I have never spent 
a month in idleness. In the Hollow, I learned to work — to 
stand the sun, and the Winter's wind — to do what was exceed- 
ingly painful to me, at the time — I learned to endure hardship. 

Your boys must be taught this. This is essential to their 
success in life. 

There is no news here. Sophie, Eeilly, and the boys, send 
their love to you, and say they want to see you veiy much. 

*His nephews, .John and Balie Peyton, the former no\y a promising yonng physi- 
cian in Arlcansas, and the latter, a student at law in Cumberland University. 



104 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

Your namesake is improving in appearance, very i^aiich — is, 
really, a very fine looking child. 

Your affectionate brother, 

E. Hatton. 
Mrs. Mary E. Peyton, Washville, Tenn. 

The friends, respectively, of Messrs. Hatton and Eeady, had 
now gotten up quite a sj)icy little war of words, as to who 
should be the American and Whig candidate, for Congress. 
They well knew it would not do to let both enter the field, for 
such a course, would, most certainly, elect a Democrat. Mr. 
Hatton's friends proposed to submit the claims of their fa- 
vorite to the decision of a District Convention, to be held on 
the second day of May, following, and requested the friends of 
Mr. Eeady to do likewise; but the}- declined, saying "that it 
would not be treating Col. Eeady with projier courtesy." He 
had had the office for four years, by the consent of the people, 
and now, it would not be treating Jmn with proper courtesy^ to ask 
him to submit his claims to a Convention of the peojile, who had 
before honored him by electing him their Eepresentative in 
Congress ! 

" How like a mountain devil, in the heart, 
Rules this unreined ambition ! Let it once 
But play the monarch, and its haughty brow 
Glows with a beauty that bewilders thought, 
And unthrones peace forever." 

The Eutherford Telegraph, the home organ of Mr. Eead}', 
advocated the nomination of its favorite, charging the Lebanon 
Herald, Mr. Hatton's home organ, with a "want of courtesy," 
and with "threatening disorganization," etc. The Herald said, 
in reply, to the Telegraph: 

"They (the fi'iends of Mr. Hatton) merely wish to ascer- 
tain the sentiment of the party, and act accordingly. This is 
right and proper. Because a man is the present Eepresentative 
of a District, that does not give him a pre-eminent right to the 
position, against the wishes of those who j^laced him there. 
Talk about a want of courtesy to Col. !Ready ! Why, neighbor, 
the boot is on the other leg. It is Col. Eeady 's friends who are 
showing a want of courtesy. After having been twice hon- 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 105 

ored with a seat in Congress, they wish to force him the third 
time apon the track, against the knoivn wishes of an overwhelm- 
ing majority of the people. This is neither treating the party 
with courtesy or respect. s|c ^ >i< >l< ^ ii< 

"The Telegraph charges us with 'threatening disorganiza- 
tion.' ISTow, neighbor, ain't yow 'mistaken?' Is it 'threatening 
disorganization,' to express the belief that Mr. Eeady could not 
carry the District, and to say that numbers of Americans and 
Whigs, in this county, would support Col. Howard* against 
him? We don't think so. You certainly mast be 'mistaken.' 
No, sir, we have not 'threatened disorganization.' We have 
stated solemn truths, as a warning to the party as to whom they 
should nominate, and given sound, wholesome advice." 

Whilst the respective friends of the two most prominent 
gentlemen in this District, were thus sparring at each other, in 
reference to their nomination, Mr. Hatton began to be spoken 
of, as a suitable standard-bearer for the American and Whig 
party, for Governor. The following paragraph, from a Ten- 
nessee paper, is in reference to the subject : 

"Egbert Hatton, Esq., late Elector on the Fillmoi'e and 
Donelson ticket, for the Fifth Congressional District of this 
State, and a prominent member of our last Legislature, is 
sti'ongly recommended, by a correspondent of the Eagle d- En- 
quirer, as the Whig and American candidate for Governor, at the 
next election. Mr. Hatton is a young man of great ability ; and 
he rendered Memphis, and the entire South-west, valuable and 
efficient service, in the able advocacy and support he gave to 
the indorsement, by this State, of the Memphis city bonds, to 
the Memphis & Little Rock Railroad." 

The above, and similar notices, were, doubtless, regarded by 
Mr. Hatton, and the great mass of his friends, as but the mo- 
mentary ebullitions of a kind partiality, upon the part of a few 
friends, and were received, more as passing compliments, than 

*Col. John K. Howard, of I^ebanon, Tenn., for along time Clerk of the Chancery 
Court, at that place— a promising lawyer, and a gifted speaker. He was, subse- 
quently, Lieutenant Colonel in the Seventh Tennessee Volunteers, and was mortally 
wounded, battling for the "lost cause," at the battle of Gaines' Mill, June 27, 1862, 
aged thirty-six years. He declined the nomination for Congress, as tendered by his 
party, for private reasons. 



106 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

as the "sober second thought" of their authors. Mr. Hatton 
not only did not aspire to the position alluded to, but had not 
even thought of such a thing, as "svithin the range of probabil- 
ity, especially at so early a day. His mind was directed, alto- 
gether, to the approaching canvass for Congress. He was not 
certain that he would be a candidate; but it is not unreasonable 
to suppose that he expected to be. If it was the desire of his 
party, and that desire was properly expressed, he had no de- 
sire to decline a nomination, thus tendered him. These " calls," 
and "recommendations," however, in connection with the can- 
didacy for Governor, placed Mr. Hatton's name among that 
class, from which a nominee was ultimately to be selected. 

IVIr. Hatton, with others, was appointed a delegate to the 
State Convention, which met at Nashville, on the first day of 
May, 1857, to nominate a Whig and American candidate for 
Governor. The District Convention was to meet on the day 
following, at Franklin. Who were the delegates from Wilson 
county, to this Convention, we do not know. Whoever they 
were, they were, doubtless, instructed to vote for Hatton, as 
their nominee for Congress. Mr. Eeady's friends, as well as 
Mr. Hatton's, were very obstinate, and seemed determined not 
to yield to the decision of the Convention, unless, perhaps, it 
should satisfy the wishes of Mr. Eeady and his friends, by at 
once proclaiming him as the nominee and choice of the party, 
for Congress. This was a critical period, for the Whig and 
American party, in the District. Mr. Eeady's friends seemed 
resolved not to give way, for any one. A majority of the party, 
in the District, doubtless, wished to have Mr. Hatton nom- 
inated.* If both should become candidates, and enter the can- 
vass, and continue until the day of election, the result would be, 
the defeat of the Whig and American party, and the triumph of 
Democracy. How such a catastrophe was avoided, we shall 
soon see. 

*Another version of the matter is, that a majority of the primary, or County Con- 
ventions, had instructed their delegates to the District Convention, to vote for Mr. 
Eeady, and that, had Mr. Hatton's name been ;, resented, at that Convention, he 
vould not have received the nomination, over Mr. Ready. But, vre are inclined to 
the contrary opinion, especially when we remeither Mr. Hattton's signal success, 
agaiust Mr. Ready, for Congress, in 1859. 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 107 

Pursuant to the call for a State Convention, the delegates 
assembled at Nashville, on Friday, the first day of May, 1857. 
A large delegation was present, and the business, for which 
they had convened, was rapidly and harmoniously transacted, 
j^.bout two hundred delegates were present. 

For the proceedings of the Convention, and the opinions of 
his party, as reflected by the press, we copy from various news- 
papers. The following is from the Lebanon Herald^ whose edi- 
tor, W. Z. Neal, Esq., was one of the Secretaries of the Con- 
vention : " We had the pleasure of attending the meeting of 
the American State Convention, which assembled in Nashville, 
on Friday last, for the purpose of nominating a suitable person 
as the American candidate for Grovernor, in the coming contest. 
The delegation was very large, and the greatest enthusiasm 
prevailed among all. Every one seemed to be prepared (with 
a proper standard-bearer) to enter the contest with a determi- 
nation to struggle for, and to win success, over the heterogeneous 
mass of conflicting elements which compose the so-called Dem- 
ocratic party in this State. 

"The Convention assembled at the Capitol, in the Hall of the 
House of Eepresentatives, and filled that spacious room to over- 
flowing. The Convention was organized by calling Hon. W. H. 
AVisener, of Bedford, to the Chair, and aj^pointing Vice-Presi- 
dents and Secretaries; after which, a motion was made to ap- 
point one from each county, to report the name of some gen- 
tleman for nomination as the American candidate for Governor. 

"After a short absence, the committee returned, and reported 
that they had found a gentleman who was every way qualified 
to carry the American standard successfully through the coming 
conflict — the name of that gentleman was Eobert Hatton, of 
Wilson county. Upon the announcement of his name, a shout 
was raised which made the walls of the noble building tremble 
at their base. A motion was made that he be declared the 
unanimous nominee of the Convention, which was carried with- 
out a dissenting voice. Every one seemed pleased — rejoiced at 
the selection made. 

"During the absence of the committee aj)i3ointed to inform 
Col. Hatton of the wish of the Convention, a call was made 



108 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

for a speech from Haskell, who advanced to the stand, and 
poured forth a stream of that limped, sonl-stirring eloquence 
which has so often electrified the people of Tennessee, pledging 
himself to support the nominee of his party. Gen. Quarles was 
then called out, and made a strong, earnest, eloquent appeal to 
all good and true Americans, to rally around the youthful cham- 
pion, into whose hands the}- had entrusted their banner. 

" Mr. Hatton was then introduced to the Convention by Col. 
M. A. Haynes, of Memphis; his remarks were few, brief, per- 
tinent ; he thanked them for the unexpected honor conferred 
upon him, and pledged himself, to the best of his ability, to 
vindicate the great cause in which we are engaged. What he 
said made a deep impression iipon the audience, and he was 
frequently interrupted by outbursts of applause. 

" Col. Jo. G. Pickett was then called for, and addressed the 
Convention in his usual happy style, earnestly indorsing the 
nomination of Mr. Hatton. Hon. "W. P. Hickerson, of Coffee, 
followed in the same strain. 

"The Convention then adjourned to meet again at night, en 
masse, to have a general jubilee of the friends of the cause." 

The Herald, speaking of the approbation manifested of the 
nomination, says: — "The nomination of Mr. Hatton was re- 
ceived here Avith every demonstration of joy. The universal 
exclamation, was: — ^The very best nomination that could possibly 
have been made!' Everybody is pleased — excejyt a few hot- 
headed Democrats. We assure our friends throughout the 
State, that old Wilson fully appreciates the honor conferred 
ui)on her, and will manifest it in August, by giving the young 
'Cedar Snag' a largely increased majority. Mr. Hatton will 
enter upon the contest with a determination to win. He knows 
no such word as fail ; he will throw his whole soul into the can- 
vass ; he has the tact, ability, and the nerve to meet success- 
fully any Democrat in the State ; and if the party throughout 
the State will enter at once upon the contest, and do their duty 
as faithfully as he will do his, victory, overwhelming and de- 
cided, awaits us." 

Saturday, the day after Mr. Hatton was nominated for Gov- 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 109 

ernor, he returned to his home in Lebanon. That night he was 
serenaded. 

The Herald sjDeaks of it thus: — "The following was fur- 
nished us, from memory, by a citizen who was present : — 

"Mr. Hatton. — On Saturday night last, the students of Cum- 
berland University, learning that Mr. Hatton had, that eve- 
ning, returned home, went in a body to his residence, and gave 
him a beautiful serenade. After a number of pieces had been 
plaj^ed, they called him out ; he appeared upon the gallery 
in front of his house, when Mr. Mills, a member of the 
Law Class, as the representative of the students, addressed him 
in substance as follows : He remarked that the students of the 
University, irrespective of party, had come to tender him their 
congratulations, for the honor that had been bestowed ujion 
him by the Convention of his party, at Nashville. They felt 
themselves personally complimented by his nomination ; that a 
former student of their University had been put forward as the 
candidate of a great party, for Governor, was to them, a source 
of real pride and gratification. In Mr. Hatton, they were 
glad to say, they recognized a friend to their school, and to 
themselves, as students. They were glad, too, to know, that he 
was a friend to the Union and the Constitution, and, as such, 
they came to express their gratification at his nomination, and 
their feelings of personal kindness to him as a gentleman. 

" In reply, Mr. Hatton remarked, that they had taken him 
by surprise. The compliment paid him was as unexpected as 
it was gratifying ; he felt it the more sensibly, coming as it did, 
from those connected with an Institution, of which, but a short 
time previous, he had, himself, been a student. 

" If his nomination was a matter worthy of congratulation, he 
would say to them, by way of encouragement, as students, that, 
when a few years since, he entered the quiet town of Lebanon, 
a stranger, to become a student in her school, he never imagined 
that he should be put forward by his party, as a candidate for 
Governor. To better prepare for the duties of a country school 
teacher was then the highest point to which his ambition was 
directed. When, subsequently, the idea was suggested to him, 
that he would, if he desired, be made Tutor in College, he was 



110 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

as much surprised as when informed of his nomination, on the 
day before, at Nashville. 

" They rightly understood him, when they thought him the 
friend of their school and of themselves. He was, himself, but 
in the morning of life; had all the ardor, and warmth of blood 
and impulse, common to earl}^ manhood ; he knew how to sym- 
pathize with them in all their toils, their discouragements and 
their dangers. They would excuse him, young as he was, for 
offering them a word of encouragement and counsel. Go on 
in your labors with industry, and a determination to succeed — 
triumph will certainly reward you. The poorest and least 
gifted among you can do well if you will. The richest rewards 
and the highest honors may be won by you if you will but 
make the proper exertion. But. remember, that he who is un- 
willing to labor, should learn, earl}-, to be humble. Toil is the 
price you must pay for success. 

" They did him but justice, in regarding him as a friend of the 
Union. 'The Union, the palladium of our liberties, never sur- 
render it,' was the sentiment of Washington. ' The Federal 
Union, it must be jDreserved," was the sentiment of him who 
sleeps near us, at the Hermitage. Fix them deej^ly in your 
hearts — never discard them. 

" He said he had no set phraze with which to thank them. 
They were his brothers — children of the same Ahna Mater. 
As such he should ever be glad to serve them — to give evidences, 
should occasion offer, of friendship to them as a class, and as 
individuals. 

" In the name of his wife, he thanked them for their most ex- 
cellent music, and for the compliment they had so handsomely 
paid her husband." 

"Mr. Hatton was frequently applauded during the delivery 
of his remarks; and as the students turned to leave, the welkin 
rang with three hearty cheers for 'Our Bob.' " 

Such a demonstration from the students of the University, 
"irrespective of party," representing, as they did, every 
Southern State, and some of the Northern, too, was certainly 
gratifying to his noble ambition. Less than twelve years had 
elapsed since he came to Lebanon, a stranger, to become a stu- 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. Ill 

dent in her school, and now he was the nominee of a great 
party for Grovernor, surrounded by hundreds of students, who 
had voluntarily assembled to do him honor ! 

The following is from the Nashville Banner, of the 3d of 
May : 

"Our Candidate for Governor. — It is a gratifying indica- 
tion in connection with the aj^proaching State canvass, that 
while many of our ]3olitical friends looked anxiously to the se- 
lection, by the State Convention, of some particular favorite as 
the standard bearer of the party, and were earnest and zealous 
in pressing the names of distinguished gentlemen, as the most 
suitable under the circumstances, i\ow that the choice has been 
made, a general and cordial acquiescence follows, in the action 
of the party, and a determination is manifested, to go into the 
fight to win — and only to win. 

"The American and Whig candidate for Governor, is a gentle- 
man of whom much can be favorably said, and absolutely 
nothing disparaging. Eobert Hatton is a self-made man. Upon 
the very threshold of life he was met by those formidable ob- 
stacles to young ambition, which comparatively so few over- 
come — a lack of pecuniaiy means and adventitious opportuni- 
ties. Alone and unaided, except by the strong resolves, and de- 
termined purposes of a laudable ambition, he struggled with 
these adverse circumstances. The means of his own education, 
from comparative boyhood, were the hard earned proceeds of 
his own labor. His native talent was not long in making itself 
felt, in the circle in which it moved: Stej) by step, he ascended 
the toilsome steep — round after round of the ladder, was press- 
ed by his untiring and undaunted step, until to-day, aside from 
the position assigned him, by the great party which he is called 
upon to lead, there is no man of his age in Tennessee, who more 
fully fills the measure of a statesman. Through all the scenes 
and vicissitudes of his life, while the natural cheerfulness, and 
good nature inherent in him, has been unrestrained by any af- 
fected austerity, he has ever remembered the lessons of morality 
which were breathed in his willing ear, by a beloved mother 
and venerable father, and has happily preserved an unspotted, 
and untarnished character — justly a guerdon which he esteems 



112 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

of infinitely more value, than all the transient j)olitieal honors 
in the gift of his fellow-citizens. 

"As a fearless, gallant and able champion, and defender of 
the political faith that is in him, Eobcrt Hatton, will be found 
the first among the foremost. Though young in years, com- 
pared to the men who are usually put forward for offices of this 
kind, no one who knows him, will, for a moment, distrust his 
ability, to fully meet the exigencies of this or any other emer- 
gency, if within the scope of human prowess. "VYe know, that 
he will enter upon the arduous duties of the canvass, with a 
determination to win — with an abiding faith, in the justice and 
strength of his principles, and so prepared to do battle, that no 
device nor stratagem shall cheat the people of Tennessee, out of 
an opportunity to hear those principles fully elucidated and 
fearlessly enforced. 

"Then let the friends of conservative Americanism rally for 
the contest. Let personal feelings be washed by the waters of 
Lethe — let war to the knife, and the knife to the hilt, be our bat- 
tle cry J and /or the cause — a great and glorious cause — let ever}'- 
opponent of the abuses, the artifices and the insincerities of 
modern Democracy, strike hands, and march on — march on to 
victory." 

"The Nominee. — To say that we are satisfied with the nomi- 
nation, would be but a poor method of expressing our senti- 
ments concerning it. We are not merely satisfied but gratified 
and delighted, and so are all the Americans and Whigs, so far as 
we have been able to get information, in regard to the state of 
feeling in our party. The nomination of Mr. Hatton is every- 
where greeted, with the strongest demonstrations of enthusiasm. 
He is regarded as being fully able to lead the Americans and 
Whigs to victory. He is a tower of strength. Last Summer, he 
contended successfully on the stump, with one of the most tal- 
ented men* that belong to the Democratic party, of Tennessee. 
In that canvass, he showed that ho possessed abilities for any 
emergency, and that he would acquit himself creditably, in an}^ 
position in which he might be placed. 

*Hon. E. A. Keeble, of Kutherford county. 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 113 

"Our friends, who are not acquainted with Mr. Hatton, and 
have not had an opportunity of witnessing his brilliant powers, 
as a popular speaker, need be under no fears in regard to him. 
He is one of those master spirits, that can overcome every ob- 
stacle, and before whom, obstructions "melt, as if by the power 
of magic. He is a speaker of great power, and wherever his 
voice will be heard, throughout this great State, he will create 
an enthusiasm, that will tell with an astonishing effect. 

"We now say to the members of our party, throughout the 
State, that they need be under no fears. Mr. Hatton is destined 
to redeem the State from the thralldom of Democracy. Let the 
party everywhere, rally to his standard with the certainty of 
victor3^ 

"Mr. Hatton is a gentleman of decided talents, and is thor- 
oughly conversant, with general and State policy. In all the 
private relations of life, he is a gentleman in the truest meaning 
of the term. Those who know him best, are his warmest ad- 
mirers, and most devoted friends. 

"Some of our readers, especially those of the Democratic faith, 
may think that our course is somewhat inconsistent, in advo- 
cating the claims of Mr. Hatton, so warmly, as a candidate for 
Governor, after having preferred Mr. Eeady, as a candidate for 
Congress, before him. We just state to siich, that there is not 
the least particle of inconsistency in our course. We advocated 
the claims of Mr. Eeady, because he had made a most accept- 
able member of Congress, and was entitled to the field, by a cus- 
tom which had long been held sacred in our District. In pur- 
suing this course, we were actuated by a sense of our duty; but 
all our readers know, that during the controversy, which we 
had with our cotemporaries, in regard to this affair, we never 
uttered one word against Mr. Hatton. We should have advo- 
cated the claims of Mr. Eeady against any other man in the 
District, under the circumstances. We now say, that we are 
proud to see the names of both Hatton and Eeady, at our mast 
head, and we shall certainly feel j)roud, in defending the claims 
of both; and no effort that we can honestly use, shall be spared 
to secure the election of both ; and we now feel cofident, that 
they will secure a brilliant triumph." — Rutherford Telegraph. 



114 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT IIATTON. 

"Our Candidate. — We, this week, place the name of Eobert 
Hatton, at the head of our paper, as the candidate of the Amer- 
ican party, for Governor. To most of our friends, it is not ne- 
cessary to speak a word of his merits; he is known to all, and 
known to be a tried and faithful champion of American prin- 
ciples. He is yet a young man, and has worked his way to his 
present proud position, by the force of his own genius, and the 
purity of his private and public character. Surrounded in 
early youth, by none of those happy circumstances which af- 
ford the means of advancement, he saw the way to distinction 
open before him, with numerous obstacles in the way, and he at 
once resolved to surmount those obstacles. Slowly and patiently 
he toiled, and higher and higher, he rose, until he now finds 
himself called by a great party, to take their standard, and bear 
it in the coming battle, against a powerful and well organized 
foe. How well he will perform this duty, the past with its trials 
will sufficiently tell. Devoted to the pui-e j)rinciples of the 
American party, he has never shrank from any obligation, or 
failed even in the smallest duty to that party, and his voice has 
often been heard in vindication of the rights of the American 
people. "With his shining talents and undoubted courage, with 
youth and vigor and an unconquerable will, he will go forth to 
the battle, and strij^pling though he be, th^ Goliath of Democ- 
racy will be made to bite the dust. 

" Proud of his genius, and his moral worth, the American 
party will rally around their standard-bearer, and strong in the 
principles of truth, and the righteousness of their cause, will 
march straight on to victory. We predict an enthusiasm for 
Bob Hatton, such as Tennessee has not lately witnessed, and 
which will insure his election in August next." — Franklin Re- 
view. 

"Mr. Hatton. — We to-day, hoist the name of Eobert Hatton, 
of Wilson county, as our candidate for Governor, he having 
received the nomination of the Convention on the 1st inst., 
which assembled in Nashville, for the purj)ose of nominating a 
candidate. 

"After the declension of our own distinguished fellow citizen. 
Col. Matt. Martin, wc know of no man in Tennessee, that we 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 115 

would have preferred to Mr. Hatton, as our candidate. We 
therefore, most heartily, concur in the nomination, and what 
little ability we possess, will be earnestly exercised in his behalf 
"From the debut of Mr. Hatton upon the political'carpet, we 
have watched him in all his actions, and the closer we have 
scrutinized his conduct, the more thoroughly have we been 
convinced, that he was a gentleman of superior intellect, un- 
wavering firmness, great moral integrity, purity of character ; 
and above all, one of the most fearless champions of our cause 
in Tennessee. It is true, he has been but a short time in poli- 
tics, sufficiently long however, to endear himself to every mem- 
ber of his party, possessing at the same time, the respect of his 
political opponents." — Shelbyville Expositor. 

"The American Candidate for Governor in Tennessee. — 
We are informed by telegraph, that Col. Eobert Hatton, was 
unanimously chosen, as the American candidate for Governoa-, 
by the Convention assembled at Nashville, on Friday. We have 
not yet received the details of the proceedings of the Conven- 
tion. Col. Hatton was one of the Fillmore Electors, last year, 
in Tennessee, and did yeoman's service in the canvass. He is a 
gallant gentleman, an eloquent speaker, and an able debater; 
and, better still, he is a zealous and enthusiastic advocate of the 
principles and policy of the American party. Gen. Haskell, 
Col. Pickett, and other prominent Americans of our sister 
State, were present in the Convention, and made speeches. 

"The canvass in Tennessee, is now fairly opened. Col. Hat- 
ton is a worthy and gallant standard-bearer of the American 
cause, and he will undoubtedly carry its banner in triumph 
through the whole State. His ability as an orator and a states- 
man is greatly superior to that of his opponent, Mr. Harris, and 
it will need only a through organization of the American party 
of the State to make their candidate the Governor, and to re- 
deem Tennessee from the grasp of squatter-sovereignty, alien 
suffrage Democracy." — Louisville Journal. 

Harris and Hatton. — The Coming Struggle. — Within two 
hours after the latter gentleman had accepted the American 



116 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 



nomination, he was making preparation for the canvass. We 
presume that General Harris has his armor on. If his organs 
are credible, he 'leaped, Minerva-like, full panoplied for war, 
from the brain' of thundering Democracy. It follows that 
these gentlemen will meet at a very early day. We are anxious 
to see them on the stump ; each party is confident of the 
strength of its champion, and the contest will, of course, pos- 
sess unusual interest. There will be no dodging, and none of 
the low demagoguisra of Andi-ew Johnson, used in this race. 
Two gentlemen take the field, and the eyes of the nation are 
upon them. 

"For the first time, Americanism and modern Democracy 
meet each other in a fair, hand to hand contest. Gentxy was a 
self-constituted nominee, and Johnson bullied at, and beat him. 
Wise canvassed Yirginia with great skill, energy and eloquence, 
without an opponent to meet him. Mississippi was originally 
sold to the Butch and the Eothchilds, but Hatton is Harris' 
equal, if not his superior, and he is the universal choice of his 
party. He comes before the people with the indorsement of 
one of the largest and most respectable Conventions that ever 
assembled in the State. 

" The party was defeated in the late Presidential election ; and 
in this alone, does Mr. Harris possesses any advantage over Mr. 
Hatton. But he cannot raise the cry of 'no chance' for 
Hatton, as was said of Fillmore ; Polk beat Cannon, in this 
State, 12,000 votes; Jones, at Bob Hatton's age, beat Polk at 
the very next election. Jones was from Wilson, so is Hatton. 
Jones was tall, lean and thin, so is Bob Hatton ; Jones 
was a Presbyterian from boyhood, Hatton is a Methodist; 
both had peculiar elements of success, and both had made their 
marks in the Legislature, and as Electors, and this was all that 
was known to the world at large, of either of them. Their 
intimate friends claimed for Jones, as such now do for Hatton, 
greater poAvers than are ordinarily given to men. Altogether, 
this will be, in all human probability, the most fiercely con- 
tested struggle known in Tennessee, since the memorable days 
of Polk and Jones." — Family Visitor, 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 117 

"Egbert Hatton. — "When it was announced, some days since, 
that this gentleman had received the nomination of the Ameri- 
can party of Tennessee, for Governor, we confess that we had 
some doubts as to the policy of the nomination. We had the 
pleasure at one time — whilst a student in the Law Department 
of the Cumberland University — to know Mr. Hatton person- 
ally; and so far as his capacity and fitness for the office is con- 
cerned, we knew that he was the man. We thought, however, 
that his comjjarative youth, and short career as a politician, 
would probably militate against him in those remote parts of 
the State where he is not so well known, as in his own district. 
In this, however, if we may judge from the enthusiastic in- 
dorsement given him by papers from all parts of the State, we 
are happy to see that we were mistaken. 

"We know of no man in Tennessee who could fill the office of 
Governor better than Mr. Hatton. We sincerely hope that 
those men of the same capacity, entertaining the same honest 
opinions, will be elevated, or rather will elevate the office of 
Governor of this State." — Okalona (Hiss.) News. 

" Hon. Egbert Hatton. — We know Hatton well, having 
been College-mates together. Even then he gave promise of the 
career which has opened so brilliantly before him since. Last 
year he was one of the Fillmore Electors in Tennessee, and 
now, although not more than thirty -two years of age, he is 
honored by his party with the nomination for Governor — a 
tribute to his unwearying industry, his forensic abilities, and 
his fexwid eloquence. The Democracy are in power in Tennes- 
see, and their strength has been much augmented by the ad- 
ministration of the present Governor, Andrew Johnson ; but if 
they can be beaten, Bob Hatton will bring that calamity upon 
them in August." — St. Louis News. 

The above must suffice. We might introduce similar notices 
ad libitum, both from within and without the State, were it 
necessary. 

The observant reader has, doubtless, already discovered the 
means by which the political disaster that was about to befall 



118 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

the Whig and American party in the Fifth District, was averted. 
The nomination of Mr. Hatton for Governor removed at once 
the difficulty, and secured the necessary harmony. Whether 
this consideration exerted any considerable influence in behalf 
of Mr. Hatton, in the Convention, we are not aware — it cer- 
tainly did not do him any injury. 

Mr. Hatton having accepted the nomination thus tendered 
him, began at once, with characteristic energy, his preparation 
for the canvass. His opponent, Hon. Isham G. Harris, was 
much older in years than himself; he had had some consider- 
able experience in public life, having been a Member of Con- 
gress, besides filling other important posts of honor. Ho was, 
in short, an able, accomplished, and experienced politician — 
"the matured statesman," — as claimed b}^ his party. Mr. Hat- 
ton was a young man, not thirty-one years of age. He was, for 
his age, a very good lawyer, and quite successful in his practice ; 
he had filled but two political offices of trust and honor ; he 
had been a member of the State Legislature, and Presidential 
Elector: in both of these he had acquitted himself with signal 
success — with honor to himself, and satisfaction to his party. 
He had exhibited such rare abilities, such a thorough knowledge 
of the great field of politics, such masterly skill and energy in 
the accomplishment of his public duties, that not a doubt was 
entertained of his fitness for the high position to which he now 
aspired, or of his ability to successfully cope with his comjDct- 
itor in the ajiproaching Gubernatorial canvass of Tennessee. 

The WTiter hereof, being an admirer and friend of Mr. Hat- 
ton, and having heard through the Louis^nlle Journal^ of his 
nomination, wrote to him from Kentucky, where he was then 
sojourning, congratulating him upon his unexpected nomina- 
tion by the "Whig and American party for Governor of the 
State, and not for Congress, as had been considered probable. 
Mr. Hatton responded a few days before leaving Lebanon for 
Camden, to open the canvass, as follows: 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 119 



Lebanon, Tennessee, 

MayU, 1867. 
J. Y. Drake, Esq. : — 

Dear Friend: — Yours of the lOtli inst. lias just been re- 
ceived ; I was very glad, indeed, to hear from you. Would 
have preferred you had told me more of how you were, your- 
self, getting on in the world. Wei], I hope. I need hardly say 
that you have now, and have had, since I first knew you, as a 
saddler apprentice,* working one-half the day, and going to 
College the other, my warmest friendship and best wishes for 
your success in life. May Grod bless and prosper you in all 
your undertakings in the world. 

When I get time I will write you again ; at present, I am 
heels over head in papers, getting ready for my canvass. 
In great haste, your friend, 

E. Hatton. 

The above was received on the 19th of May, 1857. How 
little we thought then, that just nine years and eleven months, 
to a day, we would be copying it into the "life " of its author. 
But so it is. Oh, hoAv much more do we appreciate kind words, 
when the heart that prompted them beats no more, and the 
hand that penned them, is still in the grave ! 

The canvass between General Harris and Mr. Hatton began 
at Camden, West Tennessee, on the 25th of May, but little more 
than three weeks after the nomination of the latter. It is not 
our intention to follow the candidates through the State, to 
their various places of aj)pointment. Nor shall we quote the 
partisan correspondents of the press, to ascertain, or show how 
they progressed, what was the success of Mr. Hatton, and the 

* Wc were not exactly a " saddler apprentice," as expressed by Mr. Hatton. We 
had learned something of the " trade " before starting to college, and it was, by la- 
boring thus, that we were enabled to pay our board, lodging, etc., after we did start. 
We studied at night until 10 o'clock, and from 5 A. M. until 9 A. M., preparing our 
lessons ; recited from 9 a. m. until 1 p. m., then went to dinner. The balance of the 
afternoon was spent in the shop, working at ihe trade. In this way, we proceeded for 
months. We were thus employed by D. A. Hancock, Esq., a kind and liberal-hearted 
gentleman, then of Lebanon, Tennessee, but now of Texas. 



120 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

reputation he made before the people, as an orator and a polit- 
ical debater. Suffice it to say, he fully sustained himself — came 
wp to the measure of the stature marked out for him, by his 
friends, in the outset of the canvass. 

The following letter, to his wife, will give us an idea of the 
first week's progress : 

Memphis, May 31, 1857. 
Dear Sophie: — 

I have just returned from the Methodist Church, where 
I heard Mr. Temple preach. At ten o'clock to-day, I went to 
hear Mr. Bryan, the Cumberland preacher. So I have done 
pretty well, to-day, havn't I? 

Well, I have finished one week of my canvass. Am in better 
health than when I began to speak, except that I am a little 
hoarse. The evening after our first speaking, I drove ton 
miles, in a hard, beating rain. This chilled me, and made me 
hearse, and I am not entirely free from it yet; am much better, 
however, to-day. As I do not speak to-morrow, I think I shall 
be well by Tuesday. I leave here to-morrow, for Somerville. 
My friends profess themselves very well satisfied with my efforts. 
I think I am getting along with him (Harris) as well as I did 
with Keeble. Our party are wide awake, and are going to 
make a hard fight. I have no doubt, now, of being able to go 
through my entire list of appointments, though it will be hard 
work. 

I got your letter yesterday, as I was going to the speaking. 
Was delighted to hear that j'ou, and our dear children, were 
well. Do be cheerful and happy, and have no fears but that I 
shall take good care of myself. I think of you a thousand 
times a day — never wanted to be with you and our dear babes, 
more than at present. 

The attentions paid me are flattering; but, still, I care but 
little for them. They afford me no pleasure. I have been 
pressed to go to a great number of i)rivatc residences here, but 
have gone to none — have not felt like it. Will go out in the 
morning, to a place or two, before starting off. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 121 

I find Eains* an exceeding pleasant fellow, to travel with — 
is just such a man as I need. :^ ^ -j^ ^ ^i ii^^ 

You must write to me, at least twice a week. Don't fail. In 
my fatigue and exhaustion, nothing will prove so good a tonic 
as a letter from Sophie. See to it, my dear wife, that I am not 
disappointed in getting it. 

;1< ^ ^ >t; >j; :jc ^ >!< >|< >|< >{; 

I am interrupted. [Somebody called to see him.] Good-bye, 
and G-od bless and take care of you and our sweet children, 
until we meet. Kiss Eeilly and Mary, a dozen times a day, for 
papa. 

Your affectionate husband, 

E. Hatton. 
P. S. — Grot a letter from Sister Mary, yesterday, also, with a 
great deal of good advice in it, for which I am thankful. She 
is a noble woman. E. H. 

Eead the above postscript again, you who have sisters to ad- 
vise you, and learn a lesson. What a great thing for a man to 
have some one to advise him, in affection! and how much 
greater, to be thankful for it ! Such was the case with Eobert 
Hatton. 

"We give, below, another letter, from Mr. Hatton to his wife, 
which speaks of, probably, the most exciting affair of the 
canvass — I mean, the difficulty, or rencounter, between G-eneral 
Harris and Mr. Hatton, at Fayetteville. Mr. Hatton speaks for 
himself; and we would rather take his version of the affair than 
that of any of the newspaper correspondents, of either party. 
It is as follows : 

Athens, June 21, 1857. 
My Dear "Wipe : — 

I know, Sophie, you have felt a good deal of uneasiness 

about me, since we parted, both on account of my health, and 

*James E. Rains, son of Rev. John Rains, of Nasliville, Tenu., one of tlie most 
sprightly and promising young lawyers of the State, and, at the beginning of the 
late war, Attorney General for the Nashville District. He rose to be a Brigadier 
General in the Confederate army, and fell, leading a charge, at the battle of Mur- 
freesborC, 1st of January, 18G3, aged twenty-seven years. 



122 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

on account of the difficulty G-eneral Harris and I had at Fay- 
ettcvillc. It has all been, however, satisfactorily adjusted, and 
the General is more friendly to me than he has ever been, since 
we started. The thousand-and-one stories — lies — that have 
been circulated about it, have troubled you. Pay no attention 
to them. I came out of the ichole affair, without the smell of 
discredit or dishonor upon me. My opponent has hiirt himself, 
seriously, by it — no doubt, seriously regrets the affair. I was 
not hurt, one particle; not a hair of my head was ruffled; not a 
bruise was left on me; was not hit by him but once, and that 
was on the shoulder, at the beginning of the difficulty. I got, 
decidedly, the better of him in the fight; and the advance, for 
an adjustment, was made by his friends, to mine. So, he got 
into a fight, withoiit cause — got the worst of it, and then his 
friends made the proposal for stopping it. I continue to make 
the same speech that gave rise to the fight, and he takes no 
exception to it. 

I am getting along finely, in speaking. Hurt Harris badly, 
yesterday, here, and the day before, at Cleveland. His party 
are "down in the mouth," and ours are in the highest spirits — 
deliffhted at the results of our discussions. Brownlow was with 
us, at Cleveland, and here, yesterday — went home in a great 
glee. 

Don't fear for me, my darling wife. I am taking good care 
of myself, and expect no further difficulties, with anybody. 
My horses are doing finely, and we are taking good care of 
them. They will carry us through the State. 

;;; >■; >K ;;c :}: :j< ;|; ^ i}: >!; >lc 

Tell Jimmie Ecilly that I thank him for his letter, and that 
he must write to me often. His letter was very well exj^ressed, 
indeed, and very gratifying to me. I wish I could see "old 
Mr. Scott," to thank him for his hospitalities, extended to you, 
on your return from Pulaski. I was blue as a rat, the evening 
we parted- -did not get my eyes dr}-, for miles — was, for once, 
unmanned, at leaving you. God bless you, my wife; you are 
my very life. Without you, I feel, this bright Sabbath morning, 
that I would not want to live, myself. May you be spared to 
me, so long as I shall live, is my most earnest prayer. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 123 

I got two letters from Lebanon, yesterday — one from Golli- 
day, and one from Tarver. Nothing strange going on, there. 
They send me cheering news, of the way my i^rosjiects for a 
largely increased vote are brightening; say my friends, in 
Wilson, are wide awake, and in the finest spirits. 

Give my love to Dr. Thompson and family, and all our rela- 
tions, in Williamson and Maury. Write to me, my dear, just 
as often as you can. You have no idea of the anxiety I feel to 
hear from you. Kiss Eeilly and Mary, for me, a hundred times. 
I feel that if I could once more be quietly at home with you 
and them, that I never would be willing to be separated fi'om 
you again. Tell Eeilly that papa will bring him and Mary 
something nice when he comes. The statement, in Jimmie's 
letter, that Eeilly had a new prayer, which he repeated every 
night — a prayer for his papa — made the tears run freely down 
my cheeks, when I read it ; and I could not repress the audible 
exclamation, God bless the child ! 

Po not fail to write to me, often ; don't fail, if you would add 
to my comfort, during my arduous labors. Nothing does me so 
much good. Good-bye, dear Sophie. 

Your devoted husband, 

E. Hatton. 

We will give but one more letter, written while upon this 
canvass. It is as follows : 

Bandridge, June 26, 1857. 
My Dear Wife : — 

I have just gotten into town, having had a warm ride of 
it; and, having a moment of quiet, at a private house, I devote 
it to you. My health, Sophie, is still good — as good, or better, 
than it was when I left you, at Pulaski. I am a little hoarse, 
but not enough to interfere with my speaking. Harris and I 
are getting along, very pleasantly. He is a great deal more 
pleasant, now, than he has been, before, during the canvass. 
In our speeches, we come off, just about as we did, before get- 
ting to East Tennessee. My friends, everywhere, express 
themselves as pleased, and show, by their looks, that they are. 



124 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 



The Democrats are disappointed in Harris. So much for pol- 
itics. 

NoAV, dear wife, let me say, that, never have I so much desired 
to see you, and our children, as at present. You and they are 
in my thoughts, continually. I held your picture in my hand, 
gazing at it, all the way to town, this morning. God bless you, 
my dear wife; you have but a faint idea of my devotion to you. 
The good opinion of my fellow-man, the honors of public life, 
have some fascination for me; but they fail — wholly fail — to 
supply the place of my darling Sophie, whose kindness and af- 
fection, whose generous love, is, to me, worth more than all tlie 
world beside. Away from you and our children, I can never be 
happy. Never ! Of this I have never been so well convinced 
as during this canvass. Our little, humble, home is the place 
for me. There, with you, and Eeilly, and Mary, why should 
I not be happy? I have been, I shall be, again, if God spares 

our lives. **>i;;l;^:>l<*^* 

Don't, dear wife, be uneasy about me. I am getting along, 
finely — my health being very good, and the people very kind to 
us, indeed, everywhere we go. Our horses are doing finely — 
are as fat as when we left Pulaski. 

Mr. Eains was a little unwell, last night, but is quite well 
this morning. He is exceedingly kind to me. We Avill get to 
Lebanon, Saturday night, after speaking at Carthage, and re- 
main until Monday morning. My time is out — I have to go to 
the stand. 

Good-bye, my dear wife. God bless and guard you, and our 
darling children, until we meet. Do wi-itc, often. 
Your devoted husband, 

E. Hatton. 

Mrs. S. K. Hatton, Lebanon, Tenn. 

As promised in the above letter, Mr. Hatton arrived at Leb- 
anon, on Saturday night, the 18th of July, and was received in 
a style as complimentary as it was uncxj^ected, and must have 
been peculiarly gratifying to him and his Mends. The Herald 
speaks of it thus : 

"The most brilliant and complimentary reception we have 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 125 

ever witnessed, was the Hatton reception, of Saturday night 
last — brilliant, from the style in which it was gotten up, and 
complimentary, because it was a warm and hearty outburst of 
popular gratitude to a gallant soldier, just returned from an 
arduous and heated campaign. Early after night-fall, the mar- 
tial notes of the drum and life called our citizens to the Public 
Square, where a procession, of eight hundred or a thousand, of 
the good and true, was formed, with banners and transparen- 
cies, one of which had upon it, a life-like portrait of " Our Bob," 
being borne in triumph to the Capitol, by an American eagle. 
They marched to the residence of Dr. J. N. Cartwright, on the 
Carthage Pike, and, about ten o'clock, returned to the Square, 
escorting Col. Hatton. He was then welcomed by a most bril- 
liant illumination, fire-works, the booming of cannon, and the 
joyous huzzas of the multitude. He was stopped in front of 
Hare's Hotel, the porches of which were thronged with the 
beauty of Lebanon ; and, on behalf of the citizens, B. I. Golla- 
day, Esq., in a most tasteful and eloquent address, tendered him 
their welcome and thanks, closing by proposing three cheers for 
the peerless Hatton, which was met with real zest. Col. Hat- 
ton made a brief, but feeling reply. He said he heard that a 
few of his friends spoke of meeting him, but was wholly un- 
prepared for this most overwhelming evidence of their friend- 
ship ; that he had no language to express his thanks and emo- 
tions. Coming, as he did, worn and wearied, from a laborious 
struggle, for the establishment of the principles of American 
freedom, to steal a few hours' rest, with the 'loved ones at 
home,' he had not anticipated such a demonstration of popular 
feeling, and hoped the}?- would pardon him, if he failed to em- 
body in mere words, his deep feelings. He paid the ladies 
some most sparkling and handsome compliments, for which he 
received a shower of bouquets. He was then escorted to his 
home, amidst the joyous acclamations of the multitude. The 
people of Old Wilson are proud of Col. Hatton, and they don't 
care if the world knows it. 

" On the return of the procession to the Square, Mr. Eains, 
being loudly called for, appeared on the stand, and made one of 
the happiest and most entertaining speeches we have ever lis- 



126 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

tened to. He spoke, most feelingly and encouragingly, of the 
canvass, uj) to this point. Eains is a fine speaker, and a tal- 
ented young man ; he is destined to fill a large place in the 
public eye, at no distant day. He made us all happy; and we 
believe, if we but do our duty, up to the 6th of August, the State 
is ours, and Bob Hatton is Governor for the next two years." 

The Herald, in another paragraph, says : 

"At the conclusion of Col. Hatton's remarks, Col. Jordan 
Stokes ajspeared upon the stand, bearing in his hands some 
beautiful bouquets, arranged by the ladies of Lebanon, and a 
lovely wreath, woven by the ladies of the Hermitage District, 
and, in a chaste and beautiful address, gave expression to the 
sentiments and feelings of the fair donors, who, through him, 
tendered them to Col. Hatton, as a testimonial of their appre- 
ciation of his worth, and a feeble return for the noble and gal- 
lant services that he had been rendering his party, in the arduous 
canvass in which he had been engaged, with his able and dis- 
tinguished opj)onent. Col. Hatton resj^onded briefly, eloquent- 
ly, and feelingly. At the close of his resjDonse, the crowd arose, 
with a loud and prolonged shout for 'Our Bob,' and dispersed, 
nearly everybody happy." 

On the following Monday, Mr. Hatton proceeded to Nash- 
ville, and on Wednesday, the 22d, he made the last sj)eech of 
the canvass. As this speech is, substantially, the same as those 
made throughout the State, and embraces and exhibits all the 
important issues, we here introduce it, as we find it in a supple- 
ment to the Memphis Eagle & Enquirer: 

SYNOPSIS OF THE SPEECH OF EOBEET HATTON, 

AMERICAN AND TYHIO CANDIDATE FOR GOVERNOR, 

Delivered at Nashville, July 22, 1857. 
My competitor, said Mr. Hatton, according to custom, has set up large 
claims for the Democratic party upon the country, calling it the National 
Democracy. Because the country has withstood the evil influences of De- 
mocracy, and continued, in spite of it, to prosper, he argues, that to Democ- 
racy is to be attributed all its success, its growth, and the happiness of its 
people. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 127 

But is it a National party ? Upon but one question of National policy is it 
National — the Independent Treasury. Are they for or against the buildinfj- 
of the Pacific Railroad out of the National Treasury ? I have asked Gen. 
Harris this question forty-five times in the presence of the people. His 
mouth has been hermetically sealed — no answer has he given. Like the 
sheep before the shearer, he is dumb. Are they for or against internal im- 
provements by the General Government ? The Cincinnati Platform says no; 
the Democracy in the Senate, say, by their votes, yes. Which is right ? Mr. 
Guthrie, the recent Secretary of the Treasury, was for protection for pro- 
tection's sake, as were many Democrats upon the floor of Congi'ess. Another 
portion declare free trade to be the true Democratic theory. One wing of 
the party avow squatter sovereignty in the territories, whilst another de- 
nounces it as a dangerous heresy, worse than the Wilmot Proviso. President 
Pierce and a Democratic Senate, gave away, last year, 23,000,000 acres of 
public lands. General Harris says that is not Democracy; that Democracy 
does not favor that policy ; yet he speaks of the harmony and nationality of 
his party. They agree but in name, and in a purpose to hold on to the ofiices 
of the Government. He challenges me to give an instance where the Democ- 
racy of the North have not stood by and protected the rights of the South. 
I will give him one in the last Congress : upon the Minnesota Bill, every 
Northern Democrat, but two, voted loith the Black Republican party, and against 
every Southern Democrat. The Bill contained a clause, which Seward 
said was the best of Wilraot's provisos ; which, if attached to all the terri- 
torial bills, would prevent another slave State ever being formed out of our 
public domain. Here, Abolitionism and Northern Democracy were in each 
other's embraces, defying the Southern Democrat and VVhig and American, 
and triumphing in their iniquity. 

But, with a view of testing the confidence of my competitor in the sound- 
ness of the Northern Democracy upon slavery, I have more than forty times 
asked him if he would indorse them upon the subject of slavery in the ter- 
ritories. If they were sound, there would be no danger — if they were not, 
there might be. And, notwithstanding all his declamation about their sound- 
ness, he has never yet had the nerve to say, — I indorse them. The reason 
is manifest. He knows that they have avowed a theory on the subject of 
slavery in the territories, that is the worst species of free-soilism. 

To-day, said Mr. Hatton, his President and his appointee, Mr. Walker, are 
pursuing a course, in Kansas, that I challenge him to approve. They are 
rivalling the Black Republicans in their purpose to make it free territory. 
Will he indorse them ? He will not dare to do it. Yet, this is that same 
James Buchanan of whom we heard so much last Summer. He is the same 
man that Southern Democrats declared was sound, and could be fully relied 
on to protect Southern rights. Now, the more independent of the Southern 
Democracy are denouncing him as faithless and false to the South. 

My competitor says there is a contest going on in the North between the 



128 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

Black Republicans and the Democracy. There is. About what ? Just novr, 
it is about who shall deserve the credit of making Kansas free. Mr. Douglas' 
organ says, " she will not owe her freedom to the Abolitionists, but to the 
National Democracy — Northern and Southern." 

General Harris has consumed a good portion of his time to day, in talking 
about secrecy, and signs, and oaths, and arguing to show that they are ob- 
jectionable. I have been in the habit of saying to him, that if he thought it 
becoming the dignity of our discussions to spend his time in this species of mis- 
erable cliild's-play — talking of forms and ceremonies and other things which 
he knew had now no existence, I should not object ; but, that if he expected to 
thus draw me away from the discussion of questions of interest and im- 
portance to the people, he was gi*eatly mistaken. 

All I have to say about the former secrecy of the American party, is, that 
it was once, by its members, deemed expedient. Subsequently, when it was 
no longer thought necessary, all secrecy and forms were abolished. The 
Continental Congress, once, had secret sessions, and signs and oaths. After- 
wards it was thought prudent to abolish them, and it was done. Had my 
competitor lived in that day, he, no doubt, would have taught our fathers 
better — made them ashamed of themselves. 

But, says General Harris, your party is weak. If true, is that a sufficient 
reason why its principles should not be adopted, if correct ? The same 
character of argument was used by the Tories in the days of our Revolution, 
to induce our fathers to abandon the struggle they were making for freedom. 
King George is strong, his armies are powerful. The Colonics are weak, and 
the troops of Washington are deserting him, was the substance of their ap- 
peals. By our ancestoi'S they were spurned, as reasons unworthy to influ- 
ence men who had rights, and had .epirit to maintain them. Does such reason- 
ing deserve more respect at our hands ? Fillmore received near one million 
of votes, cast by bold and fearless freemeo, who were then, amidst clouds 
and discouragements, willing, come triumph or defeat,to battle for the right; 
and who are still with their harness on, and their banners over them, ready 
and determined to continue to struggle for the establishment of principles 
which they deem essential to good government — essential to our vei-y liber- 
ties themselves. 

But, says my opponent, your party put Hale in the Senate. Yours, Gen- 
eral Harris, did the same thing years before. Your party elected Wilson to 
the Senate, says General Harris. His party, in the same State, elected Sum- 
ner to the Senate, a much abler, and more dangerous man. Your party 
filled the House of Representatives with men who elected Banks, Speaker. 
He was elecied by virtue of a resolution of Mr. Smith, of Tennessee, a Dem- 
ocrat, who is now arguing in this canvass, to show that Banks made an ex- 
cellent Speaker. 

He (General Harris) argues that if Buchanan had not been elected by the 
people, Freemont might have been elected by the House of Representatives, 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 129 



and the country been to-day in flames. Now, General Harris, if he has in- 
formed himself, knows Fremont stood no chance for an election in the House. 
The organ of his own party, the Union, as well as that of Fremont, the Era, 
at Washington, both stated this previous to the election. Yet, with a view 
of alarming you, he holds up a scare-crow, and says, are you not glad Bu- 
chanan was elected? 

Having disposed of this part of my competitor's speech, I now invite your 
attention, said Mr. Hatton, to the land question. 

Mr. Hatton said, his competitor, General Harris, had made an effort to im- 
press those present with an idea that there was nothing practical in the land 
question discussed by them ; that it was an old question, recently galvanized, 
only for efi^ect, in this canvass. In this position, General Harris differed 
very Avidely from his own party organ, the Union and American. That paper, 
but recently, had said, that -'in the unceasing din of slavery agitation," 
"much that is valuable in legislation, and important to the country, has been 
measurably neglected. Other questions and interests are now pressing 
themselves upon the attention of the people, and earnestly demanding their 
attention." "Among these," says that paper, " is the present corrupt, fraud- 
ulent, and piratical land policy, which seems to be fattening itself upon the 
country." 

He then said. General Harris thought it strange Mr. Fillmore had not men- 
tioned the subject of Distribution, to Congress, during his administration. 
The reason was manifest. The Government was then in debt. It owed more 
than it then had the money to pay. There was, then, nothing to distribute. 
The General Government has, now, an overflowing Treasury. On the 2d of 
December, 185G, our national debt was a fraction over thirty millions of dol- 
lars. This sum, said Mr. Pierce, in his Message of that date, could "be paid 
within a year, without embarrassing the public service." Mr. Buchanan, 
in his Inaugural, says, "our present financial condition was without a paral- 
lel in history. No nation has ever, before, been embarrassed from too large 
a surplus in its Treasury." 

Such, said Mr. Hatton, was the condition of our Treasury during the last 
Congress, that a bill " to provide for the deposit of the surplus in the Treas- 
ury of the United States, with the several States," passed the House of Rep- 
resentatives, by a majority of forty; and among those voting for it wei-e a 
number of the strongest State Rights Democrats in the South. The General 
Government, said Mr. Hatton, is now rich. The surplus of specie, accu- 
mulated in the vaults of the Treasury, according to the report of the Secre- 
tary of the Treasury, at the end of his fiscal year, will be some ^22,000,000. 
Because distribution, then, was not pressed upon Congress, by Mr. Fillmore 
and Mr. Bell, during the administration of Fillmore, when the Mexican war 
debt was unpaid, and the Treasury empty, was no reason why, now, that 
there is a large amount annually going into the Treasury, more than is 
needed by the Government, that a fair distribution of this money should not 
9 



130 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

be made between the States, So much said Mr. Hatton, for General Harris' 
reasons for supposing that there is nothing practical in the question of Dis- 
tribution, at this day. 

The public domain of the United States, said Mr. Hatton, was acquired, in 
part, from the old States, that ceded their waste and unsettled lands to the 
General Government. Another portion of it we got from France, apart from 
Spain, and a part from Mexico. There are, said he, about twelve hundred 
millions of acres, yet undisposed of. This land belongs to the people of Ten- 
nessee, just as it does to the people of Massachusetts; it is the common prop- 
erty of the people of the whole Union. My position, in reference to it, said 
he, is, that our right and interest in this splendid domain, shall be, if prac- 
ticable, secured to us. If Tennessee has an interest in these lands, let that 
interest be protected. Whether land is given us, as has been given to other 
States, or land script, or warrants, or the lands are sold by the General Gov- 
eanment, and the proceeds divided between the States, giving to Tennessee 
her just proportion, is a matter of secondary consideration. Our great na- 
tional parent, said Mr. Hatton, is rich — is able to dispense bounties to the 
States. Let Tennessee not be overlooked. Let her receive a fair proportion 
of the estate disposed of. Such has been my position, upon this question, 
throughout the State. 

But General Harris argues, said Mr. Hatton, that Congress has no power 
under the Constitution, either to give to Tennessee, an acre of land, or land 
warrants, or to distribute among the States the proceeds of the sales of the 
lands. The third Section of the fourth Article of the Federal Constitution 
declares, that '■'■Congress shall have thepower to dispose of, and make all needful 
rules and regulations respecting the Territory, or other property, belonging 
to the United States," Here, said Mr. Hatton, is full and ample power given 
to Congress, to dispose of this public domain. The power is unqualified — 
unrestricted — except that the mode of distribution shall be such, as shall not 
"prejudice any claims of the United States, or any particular State." But, 
outside of this clause of the Constitution, said Mr. Hatton, would not the 
same power, by which the General Government has acquired lands from 
other Governments, enable it to dispose of those lands ? The Supreme Court 
of the United States has decided that it would. The power to acquire is no 
questioned by General Harris. The power to dispose of, must follow as a 
consequence. 

But General Harris, said Mr. Hatton, argues that Congress has not the 
power to impose a tax on the people with a view to a distribution of the 
amount raised, amongst the States, and quotes Mr. Clay and Mr. Webster, to 
sustain his position. That such a step would be unconstitutional, is not de- 
nied ; and no proof need have been introduced by General Harris, to prove 
what is not questioned. The first step, would be unauthorized by the Con- 
stitution. But, that Congress has a general power to dispose of the Territory, 
and all "other property," r/^/i(/"M%ac2M2Vec?, "belonging to the United States," 
I insist, said Mr, Hatton, is beyond all question 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 131 

But the opinion of Mr. Webster is produced by General Harris, said Mr. 
Hatton, to show that Congress cannot give away, ^^ffraiuitouslt/," the public 
lands. To divide between the sevei-al States, portions of these lands — to 
give portions of them off, to the States, to which, it is admitted, they belong, 
is not to give them away gratuitously, but is, simply, bestowing them upon 
those entitled to them. So much for the opinions of Clay and Webster, 
quoted by General Harris. How these two distinguished men stood, upon 
the constUutionality and expediency of distributing between the States, the 
surplus revenue, arising from the public lands, it is hardly necessary to state. 
They were the leaders in Congress, of the party that struggled to engraft 
that policy on the Government, rivaling each other in their earnest advocacy 
of Distribution. 

But what evidences, said Mr. Hatton, have I that I am not in error, in in- 
sisting that Congress can give away land, or distribute the proceeds ? The 
very first Congress that met, after Virginia ceded her lands to the United 
States, did give portions of public lands, in kind (not the proceeds) to the, 
then, thirteen States of the Union. (See Bioren and Duane's edition of the 
Laws of the United States, vol. 1, page 564.) This law was, three years 
afterwards, altered by Congress, so as "to distribute the lands, in the form of 
Government securities, instead of the lands, themselves," Yet, notwith- 
standing the men of that day — of those Congressmen, who had, many of 
them, participated in making the cessions of land to Congress, and upon the 
floor of the Convention, aided in framing the Constitution — notwithstanding 
these men thought Congress had power to give to the States, lands, and to 
distribute among them, their proceeds, still, my opponent denies that they 
had power to do either. Those were very dark days, in the opinion of my 
competitor. Those men did not, according to his argument, understand 
those deeds of cession, or the Constitution. They did not comprehend the 
design, or rightly estimate the power of the work of their own hands. They 
needed light. General Harris had not then delivered, through Tennessee, 
series of lectures upon the Constitution — had not, then, written a commen- 
tary upon that instrument. Had he been in Congress, then, said Mr. Hatton, 
and delivered to that body, the argument addressed to the people, here, to- 
day, how much ashamed would they have been of themselves? 

Mr. Buchanan, said Mr. Hatton, the President of the United States — a 
Democrat of some little prominence — upon this question of the power of 
Congress to distribute the proceeds of the public lands, says, in a speech 
delivered in the American Senate, that I am right in claiming this power for 
Congress, and that General Harris is in error, in denying it. 

Andrew Johnson, the Governor of Tennessee — a Democrat, also, of some 
little prominence — says that Congress can give away the public lands; and, 
so believing, he proposed to Congress to give a homestead, by act of that 
body, to the actual settler. General Harris voted against the Homestead 
Bill, and declares it unconstitutional. The opinions of Mr. Buchanan and 



132 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

Governor Johnson seem to have but little weight with my distinguished op- 
ponent. 

The framers of our State Constitution recognized the power of Congress, 
both to divide the lands, and distribute their proceeds among the States, by 
inserting in it, a clause providing for (ho disposition of the land, or the pro- 
ceeds, whenever Congress should divide the lands, or distribute between the 
States, the funds arising from their salo. 

Upon a bill passed by Congress, in 1846, giving to Tennessee, certain waste 
lands in West Tennessee, and the proceeds of such as had been recently 
sold, every Democrat from Tennessee voting upon the bill, embracing Stan- 
ton, Chase, and CuUom, voted for it, conceding the power of Congress to give 
to the States, land. 

Last year, twenty-three millions of acres of the public lands were voted 
away to the States, for railroads and schools. The bills, making these dona- 
tions of lands, were passed by a Democratic Senate, and approved as expe- 
dient and constitutional, hy Mr. Pierce, a Democratic President. Yet, Gene- 
ral Harris says, Congress has no power to give lands to the States. 

But, said Mr. Hatton, not to enumerate other authorities, I now introduce 
my competitor before you, as a sworn witness, to testify upon this question. 
When in Congress, he voted for what was called the Swamp Land Act, giving 
away about forty-eight millions of acres of the public lauds. A large por- 
tion of those lands wei-e the very best in the Mississippi Valley. He has 
argued to show you that it was a sale, and not a gift, of the lands. He 
speaks of them as "swamp and overflowed lands," when the very terms of 
the bill, itself, contemplate the giving away of lands that have not been wet 
since the days of Noah's flood, except when rained on. 

Ten millions of acres of these lands went to the State of Arkansas. Did 
that State understand the bill, voted for by General Harris, as selling those 
ten millions of acres to her? The Governor, in his last Message, in speaking 
of it, says to the Legislature, that it was a " munificent gift from the General 
Government," never having dreamed that it was, as General Harris argues, 
a sale. How singular that a people of a State, making such a purchase, 
should have never discovered that it was a purchase, but should always have 
thought it a gift. But my competitor insists that the lands were wet, and 
overflowed, and of no value; that there were marshes and ponds there, 
breeding malaria and death, which prevented the country from being settled; 
that he was fully authorized by the Constitution in his vote for that bill. I 
have been, said Mr. Hatton, in the habit, sometimes, of telling the people that 
my competitor was the first "matured statesman" I ever knew, who, when 
determining a grave constitutional question, was in the habit of spitting on 
a chip, like a boy at the play grounds, and throwing it up, saying wet or 
dry? In one of the Congressional Districts of West Tennessee the inquiry 
has been instituted, I am informed, how many craw-fish and tad-poles must 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 133 

there be upon a quarter-section of the public hxnds to render it constitutional 
to dispose of it by Act of Congress ? 

In voting for the Bounty Land Bill, he (General Harris) is clearly com- 
mitted to the doctrine that Congress can give away lands. But, he says not. 
He argues that the soldier who got a land warrant, bought it of Congress. 
Now, said Mr. Hatton, I do not object to it, but, on the contrary, heartily 
apppove of his voting land to the soldier. I should have done just as he did. 
But one thing I would not do, and that is, after voting, in Congress, to give 
the soldier land, I would not argue before the people that Congress had not 
the power to give land to the soldier. 

But, said Mr. Hatton, my opponent asks if the pittance of §7.00 per month 
is not enough to pay to the soldier. I have been in the habit of telling him, 
in reply to this, that if our soldiers were to be paid in money, for defending 
their country, I thought it was not enough ; but whether it was or not, he 
had voted himself, in Congress, against giving our regular soldiers more than 
$7.00 per month. It is not, however, for gain — for money — that our gallant 
citizen soldiery go to the wars. Was it for this that your Foster and your 
Cheatham led their companies from your midst? No. They went to fight 
for their country, her honor, her standards, her soil — for glory and a glorious 
fame! It is the Vandal and robber that fight for gain. 

But, what was this Bill voted for by General Harris ? It was a '■'■Bounty 
Land Bill." What is a bounty ? A gift, a gratuity, something given. How 
singular then, it is to hear General Harris insisting that he did not vote to 
give land to the soldier. General Harris, is then, said Mr. Hatton, committed 
by his own votes, upon this question of power. 

But, if the power of Congress is granted, General Harris is still opposed 
to giving to Tennessee an acre of the public lands, or a cent of the proceeds 
of the sales. The present system suits him, he says. There is no need for 
any change. AVhat was the policy of the Government during the past year, 
in reference to the public lands? With a Democratic President, and a Dem- 
ocratic Senate, 23,000,000 of acres of the public lands were last year given 
away to a few of the States, for school and railroad purposes. About three 
times as many acres were given away as were sold. 

Within comparatively a few years past, 105,000,000 of acres of the public 
lands have been given away to the various States. Yet, General Harris says 
that the lands are being held by the Government, and disposed of just as fast 
as they are needed for settlement and cultivation, at prices ranging from 12J 
cents to $1.25 per acre, furnishing a homestead to the poor man. The truth 
is, said Mr. Hatton, they are being given away by the million of acres to the new 
States, by which they are to be sold for such prices as they can be made to bring, 
and not at graduated prices to suit the poor man. While General Harris, in 
Tennessee, advocates the graduation policy, and condemns the policy of giv- 
ing away alternate sections of the public lands, the Democratic Senate, with 
a Democratic President, have approved and practiced what he so much op- 



134 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

poses, the alternate section policy. That this policy will continue to be 
practiced by the leaders of the Democratic party in Congress, there can be 
no doubt. This purpose has been avowed. And Mr. Buchanan, in his In- 
augural, gives it his approbation. 

The alternate sections of land reserved by the Government, are not sold 
at graduated rates, but the minimum price is fixed at $2.50 per acre. So, 
whilst Gen. Harris proposes to graduate the price of the land dotvn, the lead- 
ers of his party in the Senate, with his President, have been graduating 
them itp, and putting them out of the reach of the poor man. 

But, said Mr. Hatton, some of you may be inquiring what I am in favor of — 
what I propose? As Congress has given to a number of the States portions 
of the public lands, so I want Congress to do by Tennessee. I do not stop 
to complain at what has been given to the other States, if we can have an 
equal or reasonable portion given to us. Our full share of the public do- 
main would amount to about 60,000,000 acres. I have never proposed that 
more than 30,000,000 acres should be set aside to Tennessee, in the event it 
should be thought expedient to give us our proportion, in lands. This would 
leave half the public domain in the hands of the General Government. If 
we cannot get 30,000,000 of acres — if there are objections to dividing out so 
much of the public domain— let us have 20,000,000, or 15,000,000, or 
10,000 000 ; or, if we cannot get more, 5,000,000 of acres. 

Would the lands be of service to us, said Mr. Hatton? They certainly 
would. Iowa received from Congress 8,000,000 acres of public lands. Out 
of this land, say her public officers, that State will be able to build as many 
railroads as they want ; establish Colleges and Schools sufficient to educate 
every child in the State, free of charge to the parent, and support the State 
Government without taxing the citizens one cent to aid in doing it. 

Illinois, but a few years ago, was upon the eve of repudiation. She was 
without credit, without railroads, and without public schools; her citizens 
were oppressed with taxation. What is her condition now? General Har- 
ris, when in Congress, voted to that State near two million of acres of what 
he calls swamp lands, but which, were amongst the best lands in that State. 
By another bill. Congress gave her 5,000,000 of acres for railroad jjurposes. 
What is her condition now? She has a railroad running from one corner of 
the State to the other, with branches extending to every part of the State, 
affordinsj to her people commercial facilities almost unequalled. Last year 
she received $147,000 out of the proceeds of the road, which went into her 
treasury, to assist in defraying the expenses of the State Government. It is 
estimated that there is still about $30,000,000 worth of those lands undis- 
posed of. 

General Harris voted to the State of Arkansas ten millions of acres of 
land — swamp land, as he calls it. Of what service is that land likely to 
prove to that State? Gov. Conway, in his last Message to the Legislature, 
speaking of this land, said, out of this ^^ munificent gift from the General Govern- 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 135 

ernment," that State will be able, after complying with the Act of Congress, 
to complete "all the projected railroads " in Arkansas. And furthermore, 
he says, it will " create a fund sufBcient to pay the State taxes in all future 
time, as well as endow colleges and schools, for the education of every child 
in the State." My competitor, in speaking of this land question, character- 
izes it, in elegant and courtly phrase, as a galvanized humbug. Would you 
not like to see Tennessee humbugged, as was Iowa, Illinois and Arkansas ? 

Other instances, said Mr. Hatton, might be given, illustrating the advan- 
tages that have, and will result to other States, from grants of land that have 
been made to them, from Congress. Those given are sufficient. 

Now, why, said Mr. Hatton, should Tennessee not have some of this land 
given her ? How do you, said he, get railroads in Davidson County ? How 
do you get them in Tennessee ? If you want to hear the neigh of the iron 
horse in your mountain passes, if you want to hear the ringing of his hoofs 
upon the iron track, as he runs across your plains, if you want to see the fire 
flaming from his nostrils, as he careers along the banks of your beautiful 
rivers — if you want commercial facilities, railroads, to carry to the markets 
of the world, your corn and your wheat, and the other productions of your 
farms, how do you get them? You pay for them out of your own pockets. 
Your hard dollars, earned by hard labor, are taken to pay for them. Hoio is 
it in Iowa? Railroads, as many as you want, are being built for her citizens 
out of my land and yours, voted to that State, by Congress. How is it in Il- 
linois ? Her people have as many railroads as they want, built out of your 
land and mine. How is it to be in Arkansas ? The Governor has told us in 
his Message, her projected railroads are all to be completed out of means 
realized from your lands and mine, voted to Arkansas by my competitor, 
General Harris. 

How are our children in Tennessee educated? Unfortunately many of 
them — the children of improvidence and misfortune — are not educated at all. 
Many of them, like the flowers upon our mountains, are destined to be unseen 
and unknown by the world ; must remain in seclusion and ignorance forever, 
for the want of the means of education. Yes, in Tennessee, there is many a 
poor child of genius, who, if his mind was cultivated, the advantages of a 
good education afforded him, might become the ornameiat of society, a bless- 
ing to community, the pride of his county or his State, and perhaps of the 
nation ; but who, for want of an education, will continue forever in obscurity, 
of but little service to society — like the jewel upon the bottom of the sea, 
unobserved and valueless. Those of her children who are educated at all, 
are educated at the expense of the parent, our school fund being so small as 
to be of little, if any service. 

In Iowa, how is it ? There the child of misfortune and poverty, as well as 
of wealth, is to be thoroughly educated out of your lands and mine. In Ar- 
kansas, they are to be educated out of your property and mine, without call- 
ing on the parent to contribute one cent to assist in doing it. And so it is to 



136 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

be in Wisconsin, Michigan, and other States. Why this difference ? Why 
not give to Tennessee a portion of these lands, to assist in building her roads, 
in educating her children, and relieving her people of burthens that are op- 
pressing them ? 

But, said Mr. Hatton, my opponent objects to Congress giving to Tennes- 
see her share of the public lands, or one acre of them. He offers several ob- 
jections. He says it would cost something to survey the lands, and set apart 
to Tennessee a portion; suppose it did. That is no reason for not having it 
done. The lands will pay for their own division, and it will not cost us a 
dollar in money to have it done. 

But, says he, it will increase the number of land-holJers. Suppose it did. 
Did he not largely increase the number of land-holders, in voting away to 
the States 48,000,000 acres of land ? Yes. Did it hurt anybody ? No. Nor 
would the ci'eation of just ^Hhirty-one" endanger the rights of any person or 
State. Another objection is, Tennessee's land would have.to be laid off in 
another State. Would that do any harm ? A'^irginia held title to a large 
quantity of land in Ohio until the year 1852, making titles to purchasers. 
Did that hurt Ohio or Virginia? No. Did it pi-event Ohio from grow- 
ing in all the elements of greatness — from building railroads and canals, 
churches and school-houses, lai'ge cities and beautiful villages ? No. Mas- 
sachusetts held title to a large portion of the land in Maine for many years. 
Did that hurt Maine? No. North Carolina held title to land in Tennessee. 
Did that produce any difficulty, or injure either State? No. Then why this 
apprehension of Gen. Harris? He is needlessly apprehensive of difficulty. 

Well satisfied am I, said Mr. Hatton, that the sensible men of Davidson 
county will not suffer themselves to be alarmed by these creations of the im- 
agination of my competitor, from the assertion of their rights in our public 
domain. 

To the policy of distributing among the States the proceeds of the sales of 
the lands. Gen. Harris makes objection. He makes a calculation to show 
that the amount to which each citizen would be entitled, would be only five 
cents a year. Now, for the last four years, the net proceeds of the sales of 
the lands have been, per year, about seven millions of dollars. Divide this 
amount between the States, according to population, and Tennessee would get 
about $230,000. Make those States that have received a large portion of 
their share in the lands, account for what they have gotten, and the share of 
Tennessee would be largely over $230,000. But, let us see what would have 
been the amount of the share of Tennessee in the lands that last year went 
out of the hands of the General Government into the hands of States and 
individuals. 

Twenty-three millions of acres were given away by Congress. At one dol- 
lar per acre, that land would have brought §23,000,000; add that amount to 
the $^8,000,000 received from the sales, and you have $31,000,000. Divide 
that amount between 31 Slates, and each would receive one million dollars. 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 137 

But the smaller States would not get an equal share with the larger ones. 
Divide according to population, and the share of Tennessee would amount to 
a million and a quarter of dollars. Yes, Tennessee would, last year, have 
been entitled to one and a quarter million of dollars out of the lands disposed 
of by the General Government. This statement is not questioned by Gen. 
Harris; still he argues that what we would get, would amount to but little. 
It would soon create a fund sufficient to educate liberally, every child in the 
State, complete our railroad system, and make Tennessee one of the most 
happy, thriving and independent governments on the face of the earth. 

But, if you take the land fund out of the National Treasury, it will create a 
deficiency there, says Gen. Harris, that will have to be supplied by a tax on 
the people of the States. Not so. Without the land fund, there is more re- 
venue derived from duties on imports, than is needed for the support of the 
Government. Under the present reduced tariif, Senator Hunter of Virginia, 
a distinguished Democrat, estimates that more revenue will be collected, by 
between four and five millions of dollars, than will be sufficient to support the 
Government. Then, if the proceeds of the lands are taken from the Treasury 
and given to the States, there will be still more money in the vaults of the 
Government, than is necessary for its support. Let the tariif be so arranged 
as to furnish just enough revenue for the wants of the Government, and let 
the land fund be disposed of among the States, and not be "looked to as a source 
of revenue." The platform of my opponent's party — adopted at Nashville in 
the Convention that nominated him — takes this precise ground in reference 
to the proceeds of the lands, declaring in their sixth resolution, that "it is 
indeed time, in the language of President Jackson, that the public lands 
should cease to be looked to as a source of revenue." Notwithstanding this, 
Gen. Harris objects to distribution, on the ground that if the proceeds are not 
"looked to" and used as revenue, serious injury will result. 

But how does Gen. Harris propose to get rid of the surplus money in the 
Treasury ? He says, farther reduce the tariff. This is not proposed by Mr. 
Buchanan, nor by any considerable portion of his party. Mr. Buchanan, in 
his Inaugural, pi-oposes the building of ships as one means of getting rid of 
it. It is notorious, that a large portion of his party opposed the present re- 
duced rates of duties, and will oppose any further reduction. But even if 
the tariff was reduced to an ad valorem duty of 16 percent., still Senator 
Hunter thinks it would yield revenue abundantly sufficient for the wants of 
the Government. 

But, before leaving this land question, said Mr. Hatton, I have a simple 
inquiry to make of you. Suppose the Government of the United States was 
supported by a direct tax upon all its citizens, would the fact that Iowa, and 
Illinois, and Arkansas, Wisconsin and Michigan, and other States, have re- 
ceived large grants of land to build their railroads, educate their children, 
and relieve their citizens of the burthens of the State Government, would that, 
repeated Mr. Hatton, cause the people of those States to pay more tax to the 



138 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

support of tlie General Government? No. It is not pretended that it would. 
Then why not give the other States, as to those just named, portions of the 
public lands? Why any distinction? Why not make all equally able, so far 
as a share in the national bounty is concerned, to contribute to the support 
of the General Government? Let justice be done between all the children 
of the confederacy. 

A father has four boys. He is wealthy. The two older worked hard in 
early life — toiled early and late — helped their father to accumulate his estate 
and to raise and educate their two younger brothers. The younger boys are 
at home, living in ease and luxury. The father has given to each a large 
portion of his land, a number of his slaves and money and stock. Their 
children are walking the halls of splendid colleges and schools, riding in 
splendid carriages, and "living in very fatness every day."' They are cloth- 
ed, with their children, in silks and linens, and dwelling in palaces. The 
two older boys are among strangers. They are living in huts ; their children 
are in rags, with no advantages of education; they are in debt, and have not 
the means of meeting their liabilities. In a word, they are in embarrassment 
and poverty. Has the father dealt justly between the children? You all 
say, no. Well, the old States of the Union gave portions of these lands to the 
General Government; the balance has been purchased with the blood and 
treasure of the people of the old States, Tennessee among the number. In 
the recent war with Mexico, the blood of her gallant sons ran like water up- 
on the plains of that Republic. The bones of many bleach now upon her hills. 
The forms of many of Tennessee's chivalrous boys, wrapped in their blankets 
as their only winding sheet, lie to-day, beneath her sands. Asa consequence 
of that war, we acquired what now constitutes a portion of this public domain. 

Now, why shall our younger sisters among the States, in the North and 
North-west — why shall the new States, the population of which, in many in- 
stances, is made up, to a large extent, of aliens, who, neither themselves nor 
their ancestors, ever fought, or paid one cent, for their lands — why shall our 
lands be given to them, for railroads and schools, and to relieve them from 
the burdens of taxation, whilst the older States are passed by and left, as 
Tennessee is to-day, in debt, without the means of educating her children, 
building her railroads, and with a debt to be paid, more than she can meet 
without heavily taxing her citizens to do it? 

My time, said Mr. Hatton, will not permit me longer to dwell upon this 
subject. He wished it did, as it was a question of dollars and cents, in 
which the people of Tennessee were vitally interested. 

The subject of Alien Suffrage, said Mr. Hatton, has been briefly discussed 
to-day, by General Harris. He begins by endeavoring to show that it is not 
a practical question, for the reason that our Territories have Territorial Gov- 
ernments organized for them. Does he not know that these Territories will 
be divided, and sub-divided, and that many other Territorial Governments 
will have to be formed? He certainly does. Then, this reason of his, to 
show that there is nothing in this question, fails him. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 139 

But it was not tbus he spoke of this subject, in the opening of this can- 
vass. He then argued earnestly to show, that, as a matter of right and jus- 
tice, the alien should be allowed to vote in the Territories — that it would be 
ungenerous and ungrateful, in our people, not to let him vote. 

But, what is this doctrine of Alien Suffrage ? asked Mr. Hatton. It is the 
doctrine that the alien, the unnaturalized man, the subject of a foreign, and, 
perhaps, hostile. Government, who could not be made to shoulder a musket, 
to bear a knapsack, to defend your flag or your soil, but who might be drafted 
into the armies of your enemies — it is the doctrine, that this man, fresh from 
the Old World, just landed on our shores, shall be permitted to vote in the 
Territories, in the election of members to the Legislature, and to the Con- 
vention to frame a Constitution. But, before speaking further of this doc- 
trine, let us inquire who favors, and who opposes it. 

My competitor is its avowed advocate. He is not only willing that the unnat- 
uralized man shall vote in the first Territorial election, but is willing that 
the Territorial Legislature shall authorize him to vote in the election of 
members to the Convention to frame a Constitution. Who else is in favor of 
this doctrine? Seward, and Hale, and Wilson, and Fessenden, and Gid- 
dings, and the whole Black Republican party of the North, are for it. My 
competitor and they, make the same character of argument in its support — 
stand together in its advocacy. 

Who are opposed to it? said Mr. Hatton. Every Democrat from the South, 
upon the floor of the last Senate, repudiated it, voting against, and denouncing 
it. Senator Brown, of Mississippi, one of the greatest lights of Southern 
Democracy, speaking, in the last Congress, of this very doctrine, avowed by 
General Harris, said: ^^ I protest against this proceeding; I protest against it, in 
the name of my party ; I protest against it, in the name of a violated Constitution; 
J protest against it, in the name of the rights of American citizens; I protest 
against it, in the name of American liberty; I protest against it, on every ground 
which the American mind can possibly conceive, as an outrage upon us, upon the 
Constitution, the laws, and the privileges tvhich we enjoy." 

Again, in speaking of these aliens, whom. General Harris argues, should 
be allowed to vote, that same distinguished gentleman said: "What a mock- 
ery, and what a trifling with sacred institutions is it, to allow such people to 
go to the polls and vote! Who does not know that they are led up like 
cattle, to the ballot-boxes, and vote as they are told to vote? That a wooden 
machine would perform the service as intelligently, if the crank were prop- 
erly turned, is true, beyond all question. The genius of your laws, the spirit 
of your Constitution, is, that these people should stay here long enough to 
learn something of your institutions, before they can take an active partici- 
pation in making your laws." 

Senators Bayard, and Mason, and Clay, were equally decided in their op- 
position to the doctrine, in the same debate ; characterizing it as a dangerous 
heresy, violative of the rights of the people of these States, and at war with 



140 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTOX. 

all sound principles and good government. Yet, General Harris avoirs and 
advocates it. 

The Union ^ American^ General Harris' own organ at this place, repudiates 
it. That paper, not long since, said: 

"Alien Suffrage may be an article in the creed of the 'sham Democracy,' 
and 'Black Republicanism,' but it is not, and never was, a doctrine of the 
real Democracy, which supported, and triumphantly elected, James Buchan- 
an to the Presidency. It was never a recognized article in the creed of that 
Democracy to which the Union ^American belongs." 

My competitor, then, is not a real, but only a sham Democrat. 

Roger A. Pryor, the old editor of the Richmond Enquirer, speaking upon 
this subject, uses this strong language: 

"Our opposition is unequivocally this: thatitis apalpable infringement of 
the spirit and letter of the Constitution, to permit foreigners to exercise the 
elective franchise, in either the States or Territories, before, by naturaliza- 
tion, they are made citizens." 

But is there any danger in this doctrine? Have we, in the South, any- 
thing to fear from it? Foreigners are now coming into this country more 
rapidly than ever before. For three days, ending July 3d, says a New York 
paper, the number of foreigners that arrived at that single port, was 8,800. 
They are flocking to our Territories, eighty-four out of every one hundred of 
them settling at the North. 

Andrew Ewing, of this city, in a speech in Congress, in 1850, speaking of 
them, in connection with the institr.tion of slavery, said: 

"The whole of civilized Europe has been thoroughly ixdoc- 

TRINATED "WITH OPPOSITION TO IT (SlAVERT). ThB THOUSANDS AND MIL- 
LIONS OF EMIGRANTS FROM HER (EuROPE's) SHORES, ALL COME WITH THEIR 

PREJUDICE AGAINST IT, and whcn they arrive in this country, they find the 
most lovely portion of the continent in possession of slave-holders. Most of 
the mechanical trades, and labor on farms and public roads, in our country, 
is performed by slaves; and these foreigners arc, more or less, excluded from 
this wide field of employment, which they had partially pre-occupied in the 
South. Interest is thus super-added to the early jnejudice of education against 
slavery. Unfortunately, too, the large mass of this class of persons have had no 
knowledge or experience of the advantages denvahle from republican institutions, 

or the SOLEMNITY OF CONSTITUTIONAL OBLIGATIONS." 

Yet, my competitor says, put them to voting, even before they are natu- 
ralized. That they are hostile to our peculiar institution, in the South, can- 
not be denied. That they are filling up our public domain, is admitted. 
That they will exclude the Southern man, with his slave, from our Territo- 
ries, if permitted to vote, is manifest. Yet, strange to saj', my competitoi", in 
the face of his party in the South, takes position with the Black Republican 
of the North, and says, let them vote. A great friend of the South, he is 
willing to help swell the ranks of (hose who are hostile to us, and to put 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 141 

weapons into their Iiands — the ballot — with which to strike us down. A 
Southern man, he is willing to see the strength of the Northern States, that 
oppose our institution of slavery, swelled out of all proportion to our own, by 
means of this alien vote, giving them the power, upon the floor of Congress, 
to do with us as they may choose. 

Yes, he is willing that the subjects of other Governments — unnaturalized 
men — who have never gone through the form prescribed by our Federal 
statutes, for making a citizen of an alien — he is willing for that man to sit 
in judgment tipon your rights, in our Territories, and assist in determining 
whether you shall go there with your negro, or not. 

Should a stranger, said Mr. Hatton, enter the enclosure of one of you, and 
say to your wife, "Madame, these flowers shall no longer grow here; where 
the lily and the rose now bloom, shall grow the wild thorn and thistle; your 
children shall no longer gambol upon these graveled walks," what would 
you do with him? With stripes you would drive the impudent intruder from 
your premises. 

Out in our great garden of the West, inherited from our fathers, and pur- 
chased with the treasure and blood of our brothers, are thousands and thou- 
sands of aliens, many of them the outcasts of society in the Old World, who 
have been turned out of her prisons and her lazar-houses, shipped to this 
country, and poured out upon our shores, clamoring for what they call, and 
what General Harris calls, their right to vote, to decide what shall be the 
laws and the peculiar institutions of our Territories — whether the domestic 
institution of slavery shall be established, or not. 

Is this our country? asked Mr. Hatton. If it is, let us govern it. That it 
should be governed by the subjects of other countries, by aliens and stran- 
gers, and that they shall have a voice, before they are naturalized, in saying 
what shall be the laws or institutions of any part of it, is a doctrine that is 
infamous, and smells to the very heavens, here, to-day. 

But, my competitor argues that his theory will only let the alien vote once, 
that is, in the first Territorial election. He has gone farther than that, in 
saying he is willing to let the Territorial Legislature authorize the alien to 
vote for members to subsequent Legislatures, and for members to a Convention 
to frame a Constitution. This was what Senators Brown, and Mason, and 
Bayard, and Clay, and other Southern Democratic Senators, were denouncing 
and protesting against, in their speeches, on the floor of the last Congress, 
referred to by me, a few minutes since. 

If allowed to vote in the first election, they will have influence suflScient to 
elect men who will, by legislative enactment, allow them to vote in subse- 
quent elections; which, if permitted by Congress — and General Harris says 
Congress should not interfere with the question, after the Legislature has 
acted — will result in giving them such power in our Territories, as will, ac- 
cording to Mr. Seward, prevent another slave State ever being formed out of 
our public domain. 



142 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

But, with a view of shielding himself, my competitor argues that Washing- 
ton, and the elder Presidents, as well as Pierce and Fillmore, and every 
Southern man in Congress, in 1854, but eight, approved this doctrine of 
alien suffrage. In reference to Washington and Jefferson, I have said to 
General Harris he could not show me a line or syllable, in anything either of 
them ever wrote, warranting the idea that they favored alien suffrage. The 
bills signed by them, according to Senator Biggs, of North Carolina, a distin- 
guished Democrat, in a speech in the last Congress, do not admit of the con- 
struction attempted to be given them by General Harris; and the signing of 
these bills is the only ground upon wliich he based the assertion that they 
were committed to it. 

But, even had those men once signed bills containing this doctrine, it would 
furnish no reason satisfactory to show that it is not now dangerous. By our 
first Constitution in Tennessee, free negroes were allowed to vote. Among 
the fraraers of that Constitution were some of the best men ever in the State. 
This is no reason why they should not vote. In the days of Washington and 
Jeffei'son there were but a few thousand foreigners in the whole nation. Now, 
they are counted by millions, and are coming, in the language of Andrew 
Ewing, by thousands and millions — this year more rapidly than ever before, 
and filling up and overrunning our public domain. To let them rule it, and 
give character to its Institutions, " is very madness." 

But was Polk committed to it ? General Harris says, yes. Why ? He 
signed the Oregon Bill, which contained it, which shows that he approved it. 
But did not that same bill contain the Wilmot Proviso ? It did. Was Polk 
in favor of that? No, says my competitor. What singular logic. 

Was Fillmore in favor of it ? General Harris argues to show he was. 
Why ? He signed, says General Harris, the Washington Territorial Bill, 
containing it. Polk signed the Oregon Bill with the AVilmot Proviso in it, 
and General Harris says that did not commit him to Wilmot Provisoism. 
Why ? Because, says my competitor, Mr. Polk said he was opposed to that 
feature of the Oregon Bill, which he approved as President. Now, General 
Harris knows, if he has taken any pains to inform himself, that Mr. Fillmore, 
as I have told him forty-five times in this canvass, is not only opposed to the 
alien voting in the territories, but any where, until he has been here twenty- 
one years, and been naturalized. He has one system of logic for Mr. Polk, 
and another for Mr. Fillmore. 

His effort to make a shield out of the Southern men who voted for the 
Kansas Bill, is still less plausible. Why ? He knows that the Southern 
supporters of that bill did every thing in their power to get the alien feature 
out of that bill, and that it was only when they saw they could not pass the 
bill at all without that feature in it, that they consented to vote for the bill 
containing that clause. They voted for it under protest, as a matter of ne- 
cessity, as my competitor knows ; yet he argues that their voting for it shows 
that they were for it. That such a shallow sophistry should emanate from a 
"matured statesman," like my competitor, is remarkable. 



- LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON, 143 

But, Mr. Boll, says the General, is committed to the doctrine. How ? By 
a resolution he introduced in Congress in 1850, declaring that the " inhabit- 
ants " of a territory should be allowed to regulate their domestic institutions 
in their own way, and argues that inhabitants means more than citizens. 
Now, if he knows anything of the history of that resolution, he knows that 
it was not intended to express any opinion as to ivho should vote in the ter- 
ritories, but simply to declare how the territories should be governed. Yet 
he seizes on that, and a similar one voted for by General ZollicofFer, as the 
ground for the declaration that they too, are, to use his favorite expression, 
committed to it. 

Now, fellow-citizens, said Mr. Hatton, I repeat that General Harris in his 
avowal of the doctrine of alien suffrage has put himself in antagonism to 
his own party, and all other parties in the South, and has taken position 
upon it with the Abolitionists of the North. 

But, says the General, suppose I do stand with Seward and Hale on this 
question, did not your party vote against the Nebraska Bill which repealed 
the Missouri Compromise line — that line that kept the Southern man out of 
Kansas and Nebraska with his slave ? If this was wrong in them, it is no 
excuse to you for doing wrong yourself. But did General Harris ever make 
a speech, in Congress, in which he referred to the Missouri Compromise line? 
He did. Did he denounce it ? What did he say? 

"The Oregon Bill was the result of, and in subordination to, the Missouri 
Compromise. The Missouri Compromise, as a legislative enactment, I be- 
lieve, and have always believed, to be void, for want of Constitutional sanc- 
tion. Yet, I have no hostility toward it ; it is a compromise entered into by 
patriotic statesmen of that day, for the preservation of the peace of the 
country; it had, for a time, the desired effect; it had been acquiesced in for 
thirty years by the people, and I should, therefore, regret to see it violated." 

He had "no hostility" to it — "would regret to see it violated." Last 
Summer he argued through Tennessee, that Fillmore should be voted against 
for regretting its repeal, when he had said himself he would " regret to see 
it violated." Last Summer, it was, in his estimation, a blot upon the statute 
book — an insult to the South. Then he had "no hostility toward it." 

Now, said Mr. Hatton, I call on him as I have done every day in the can- 
vass, to tell you what he meant by this language. Instead of doing it, he 
will satisfy himself with mere declamation, leaving you without any expla- 
nation at all. My competitor speaks of my record ; but before noticing what 
he has said, I will call your attention to another point in his. 
' As a member of the Tennessee Legislature, he introduced a series of reso- 
lutions, and among them was the following: 

"Resolved, That under no circumstances, will this body recognize, as binding, 
any enactment of the Federal Government which has for its object the pro- 
hibition of slavery in any territory to be acquired, either by conquest or 
treaty. South of the line of the Missouri Compromise." 

Let Congress pass the law, let the President sign it, let the Supreme Court 



144 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

say it is constitutional and binding, on all the States, still, by this i-esolution, 
General Harris was attempting to get the Legislature to declare that it would 
not be recognized as binding by the General Assembly of Tennessee. He 
was for making the Legislature assume what is the exclusive prerogative of 
the Federal Judiciary, of deciding whether a law of Congress was binding 
or not. The committee to whom it was referred, reported through their 
chairman, one of the most accomplished politicians in Tennessee, that the 
resolution was "Nullification in advance." 

He was attempting to commit Tennessee to a position which is at war with 
our system of Government, recommending a principle violative of the Con- 
stitution, and for the attempted practical enforcement of which, Jackson 
threatened to hang John C. Calhoun, as high as Haman ! We will hear what 
he has to say about it in his reply. 

He says that 1 voted against a certain resolution, declaring that " the 
people of a territory should be left free to form their domestic institutions in 
their own way, subject only to the Constitution of the United States. Yet 
Congress may pass such laws as are necessary and proper for the restoration 
of fugitives from service.'' With my party in the Legislature, I voted 
against that resolution. Why? To the latter part we had no objection, of 
course — to the first part, we had. And that was, that whilst the language 
as construed by Southern statesmen, was expressive of our views, yet as con- 
strued by Northern Democrats, it contained the doctrine of Squatter Sove- 
reignty. AVe preferred another form of expression, not of doubtful con- 
struction, as to luhen the people of a territory can determine the character of 
their domestic institutions, to convey our meaning, and on the same day 
voted for such a resolution. 

But, on the same day, he says I voted for a resolution, declaring, among 
other things, that "Congress has no power under the Constitution, to legis- 
late upon the subject of slavery in any way.'' That resolution was voted for 
by all my party, in the Legislatui'e, it being understood at the time, that it 
had reference to the subject of slavery in the territories. So understanding 
it, I remarked to the Speaker, when I voted for it, in the House, that it, of 
course, Avas not intended to declare that Congress could not pass a law for 
re-capture of fugitives, when it was stated that it had no reference to the 
action of Congress in regard to fugitives. 

I voted, said Mr. Hatton, for the Tax Assessor and County Judge Bills. 
With the leading men of both sides the House, I believed those laws would 
benefit my constituents and the State. The Assessor law is working badly — 
is not accomplishing the object of its enactment. As an experiment, it has, 
for some reason, failed. I am, therefore, for its repeal. 

Most of the counties of the State say they are unwilling to be subjected to 
the expense of supporting the office of County Judge. However desirable it 
may be that there should be a County Judge, still, if the people are un- 
willing to pay his salary, they should be relieved of it. Then let the law be 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 145 



repealed. If there are counties that want the officer, they can say so, 
through their Representatives, and the Legislature will give them a Judge, 
they paying the salary, as now. 

My competitor says I voted against a bill, which he calls a Mechanics' Lien 
Bill. That bill, in the opinion of the best lawyers in the House, so far from 
being calculated to benefit the mechanic, was calculated to produce an infinite 
amount of litigation between the small and poor land-holder and the me- 
chanic. So manifest was this, that a member from East Tennessee moved to 
amend the title, so that it would read, "A Bill to prevent poor men from 
owning land, creating lawyers' fees," etc. There is, inTennessee, a most ex- 
cellent law, for the benefit of mechanics, giving him a lien, in certain cases. It 
is right that he should have it; and, if the rights of the mechanic can be 
still better secured, by an additional statute, without endangering the rights 
of others, and producing injurious litigation, it should be done.* 

Gen. Harris objects to my Normal School bill, said Mr. Hatton. How 
much would the establishment of that school have cost each person in Ten- 
nessee? It would have been just five cents apiece. How much would sus- 
tain it annually? Just one-half cent apiece. The cost would then have been 
trifling. Was it calculated to do any good, then? is the question. The 
Union and American, the organ of Gen. Harris, and I believe every Demo- 
cratic paper in the State, but one, favored my bill. The Union and American 
contained more matter in its support, during its pendency, than all other 
papers in the city together, urging it upon the members of the Legislature 
as a measure most important and meritorious, and which should, by all 
means, be enacted into a law. But, what was the object of the school pro- 
posed to be established? It was to educate poor and virtuous young men — 
teaching them how to teach, who would pledge themselves to become the 
teachers of the common schools, and declare that it was their purpose to 
make that their business for life. Now there are thousands of poor persons 
in Tennessee, who are unable to give their children any other education than 
what they may chance to get in the common district school, the teacher of 
which is employed bythe Commissioners of Common Schools, and who is paid 
out of the School Fund. They are unable ever to pay one cent of tuition. 
To the children of such persons, I desired to furnish teachers that were qual- 
ified to instruct them. 

Gen. Harris and I, said Mi*. Hatton, are able to command the services of 
the best teachers for our children. Many of you are not. I desire to edu- 
cate teachers, who would pledge themselves to go out in the common school- 
house, in the cove of the mountain, and poor districts of the State, and there 

*General Harris says, in his printed speech, that this bill was defeated by the vote 
of his "competitor and others." He does not say who the "others" were. Among 
them were thirty Democrats, every one in the House but seven. The motion that 
killed it was made by Mr. Cavitt, a Democrat.— Reporter. 

10 



146 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

teach — furnishing alike to the poor as well as to the rich man's child, a 
teacher capable of instructing him. 

I am proud, said Mr. Hatton, that I had the honor of introducing such a 
measure in the Tennessee Legislature. All I regret about it is, that the bill 
was not enacted into a law. 

My time having expired, said Mr. Hatton, I give way to my opponent, who 
will again address you; after which I will close the debate. 

Having made their i*ejoinders, and being almost exhausted, 
from the excessive labors, and extreme warmth of the weather, 
the two candidates mutually agreed and determined to close 
the canvass. The following remarks, including the card of the 
candidates, are from the Nashville Patriot: 

"The Gubernatorial Canvass Closed. — From the contin- 
uous and arduous labors of the canvass, and the extreme heat 
of the weather, the candidates for Governor have been so far 
physically exhausted, that it is found impossible to fill their re- 
maining appointments. They have, therefore, mutually agreed 
to recall all their other appointments, and close the canvass 
with the discussion here. However much we may regret this 
necessity, we are satisfied that the circumstances rendered it 
imperative. Both the candidates appear greatly prostrated, 
and it is only a submission to necessit}'', to terminate their dis- 
cussions. 

"Thus, is the matter left with the people, and we again re- 
mind our friends of the great importance of the contest, and 
the demands of the occasion upon them. No hand should re- 
main idle now. Col. Hatton has cut down the mountain, 
which lay before us, at the outset, to a level grade, and "a long 
pull, a strong pull, and a pull altogether,'' will surely crown us 
with success. 

"To avoid misconception and misrei^resentation, it may not 
be improper for us to add, that the advance, which led to the 
agreement to withdraw the appointments, was mutual. The 
gentlemen divide the responsibility, equally, and would feel 
that injustice had been done, were the proj^osition charged as 
emanating, exclusively, from either. The following is their 
card, on the subject: 

" ' The undersigned candidates for Governor, feeling them- 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON, 147 

selves physically unable, from the effects of the severe labors in 
which, for the past two months, they have been engaged, to 
prosecute the canvass further, have mutually agreed to with- 
draw the balance of their appointments. They both regret the 
necessity of this step; but the condition of each is such, that 
they cannot, without the risk of their health, and, perhaps, of 
their lives, longer continue the canvass. They would have 
been glad to have met their fellow-citizens, at their remaining 
appointments, and regret to disappoint those who may be in 
attendance; but, the necessity impelling them to this course is 
such, that they cannot, in justice to themselves, disregard it. 
They both concluded their last speeches to-day, before speak- 
ing out their full time. They hope this card may give satisfac- 
tion to their respective political friends, for thus closing their 

canvass. 

"'E. Hatton, 

'"IsHAM G. Harris. 

" 'Nashville, July 22, 1857.' " 

On the 6th of August following, just fifteen days after the 
close of the canvass, the election was had. Mr. Hatton, or 
rather, his party, was defeated by a large majority — 11,371. 
Although unsuccessful, Mr. Hatton could not be, in any way, 
censurable for the result. The Herald spoke thus of the de- 
feat: 

" The defeat of Robert Hatton is in no wise chargeable to 
himself He is, to-day, as gallant a champion as ever led on a 
great and patriotic party. In the thickest of the fight, the 
clarion tones of his manly eloquence rang out in advocacy of 
the principles and policy of that party, which, we verily be- 
lieve, is yet destined to sweep this Union. Defeat discourageth 
not the truly brave. 'Pick your flints, and try again,' should 
be the motto of every true soldier of the American cause." 



148 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 



CHAPTEE VI. 

1857— Observations upon Mr. Hatton's Defeat— Is permitted again to enjoy the quiet 
of hii Home— Again pursuing the even tenor of his Profession— Elected Grand 
Master of the Grand Lodge of the I. O. O. F. — Trip to Kansas— Letters to his 
%vife— Return home — Enjoys the quiet of Home — Pursues his Profession — Devotes 
intervals to General Literature— Prospective candidate for Congress— Nominated 
over Mr. Heady, by the Opposition, or American party— The Canvass — Letters to 
his wife— Elected to Congress— Congratulations— Notices by the Press— Letter to 
Dr. Lindsley— Jealous of his Honor — Is misrepresented — Denounces the Author — 
Expects a Difficulty— Last Note, perhaps, as he thought, to his wife— Amica- 
ble adjustment — Leaves for Washington — Letter from Cincinnati, to his wife — 
Another, from Pittsburgh— Arrival in the Capital of the Nation— His Diary— First 
Day's Record— First Letter from Washington, to his wife— 1859. 

As stated in the preceding chapter, the defeat of Mr. Hatton 
cannot, in the remotest degree, be attributable to himself, 
whether, as regards his pre-eminent qualification and fitness for 
the position, or his ability in conducting the canvass. As to the 
purity of his motives, the fearless avowal and manl}- defense of 
his principles, his political adversaries could not gainsay them. 
His defeat was not, therefore, referable to himself, but, rather, 
to a combination of circumstances, over which he could not be 
expected to exercise imperious control. It is not always that 
the ablest, wisest, and purest men are elevated to the highest 
and most responsible positions within the gift of the j)eopIc. 
Had this rule been observed, we might now number among the 
Presidents of the United States, a Webster, Clay, Calhoun, Cass, 
Bell, Houston, and, pernai)s, others. 

The American party, of which Mr. Hatton was the nominee, 
and the acknowledged champion, had, in its platform, many 
principles that were good and wholesome, and calculated, when 
faithfully administered, to preserve the Government, in its 
jmrity, and to secure the ultimate objects for which it Avas es- 
tablished — the prosperity and happiness of the people. But, it 
must be confessed that it had its salient or vulnerable points, 
also — if not in principles, at least, in its origin, organization, 
and the mode of its propagation. It had its origin in the death 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 149 

of the Whig party, which had, for a long while, with varying 
success, contested with the Democratic party, for tlie reins of 
Government and the spoils of office ; but which had, now, as a 
national organization, become totally defunct. If this old, na- 
tional party, with such leaders as Webster, Clay, Bell, and a 
host of others, could not finally cope with Democracy, how 
could its offspring and successor, Know-Nothingism, hope to do 
so. In its organization, it was secret, clannish, and "loved 
darkness rather than light." This was, perhaps, its worst fea- 
ture. It does not comport well with a republican government, 
to have secret political parties, and much less, for republicans 
to have to pay to get into these societies. In its propagation, 
its friends and advocates were necessarily engaged in political 
proselytism, aj)pealing, not so much to reason, as to curiosity 
and prejudice. The prime leaders of this pai'ty, doubtless, cal- 
culated much upon religious and national prejudices — opposition 
to the Pope and to foreigners. We conclude, therefore, that 
the defeat of Mr. Hatton, was, perhaps, as much attributable to 
the friendly offices of the ubiquitous "Sam," as to the opposition 
of General Harris. 

The canvass over, Mr. Hatton was again permitted to return 
to the quiet of his home, to the bosom of his family, where, as 
we have seen expressed in many of his letters to his wife, he 
was always most happy. The affection and society of his wife, 
and the love and prattle of his children, had far greater charms 
for him, than the applause of his political friends, or the shouts 
of the multitude. 

" The flvst sure symptom of a mind in health. 
Is rest of heart, and pleasure felt at home." 

Again, Mr. Hatton resumed the even tenor of his profession, 
after the election was over and he had rested from the fatigues 
of the canvass. Thus, he is employed, during the remainder 
of that and the succeeding year, with but little interruption. 

In April, 1858, he was a delegate to the Grand Lodge of the 
Order of Odd Fellows, at Nashville, of which he was a prom- 
inent member. He was elected Grand Master of the Order for 
Tennessee, at this session, as may be seen in the following letter 
to his wife : 



150 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 



City Hotel, Nashville, 

April 15, 1858. 
Dear Wife: — 

I will probably not be at home before Saturday or Sun- 
day, as the Grand Lodge will not break up before Saturday. 
To-day I was elected Grand Master of the Order in Tennessee, 
almost unanimously, though there were several aspirants for the 
place — something of a compliment from my friends. * * 
I saw Fred. Thompson and his wife, here, yesterday. They 
were just getting oif for the cars, and I had but a moment to 
speak with them. All were well, they said, in Mauiy and Wil- 
liamson. 

Kiss Eeilly and Many, for me, twenty times apiece, and wait 
for yours until I come home. 

Your affectionate husband, 

E. Hatton. 

Private or personal matters called him to LeaVenworth, 
Kansas, this year. He made a hurried trip, starting on the first 
day of Summer. AYe give, below, three letters wi-itten to his 
wife, while on his way. The first was wi'itten from Memphis, 
Tennessee : 

On Steamboat, "Lucas," at Memphis, 

June 2, 1858. 
Dear Wipe: — 

I have just come aboard, off of the cars. Did not stop 
in Memphis, one minute. Had not time to write a word, at 
Nashville. As the boat starts in a moment, I have but time, 
now, to say I am quite well. Will get to St. Louis, in forty- 
four hours, says the Captain. I put on twenty or twenty-four 
more. If I continue to have good luck, I will get to my jour- 
ney's end, very soon. 

Bo of good cheer, dear Sophie. Take good care, precious 
care, of yourself and our children. Be good, and be happy, 
and I Avill try to be. God bless you! I can't write more, as 
the agent waits for my letter. 

Your affectionate husband, 

E. Hatton. 



life of general robert hatton. 151 

On board Steambobt "Lucas," 

June 5, 1858. 
Dear Sophie : — 

We are just running into St. Louis ; it is just 12 o'clock 
at night, too. I have been very fortunate in the selection of a 
boat. It has made the trip in fine time. To-morrow evening 
I take the cars, and run uj) to Jefferson City, where I get on a 
boat immediately for the upper Missouri. Will get to Weston, 
where I leave the river, in two days. 

Have heard not a word about William since I left home. 
Look for John Bell's dispatch at St. Louis. 

My health is about as when I left home. To-day has been an 
exceedingly cold, wet, windy day — the kind of days that make 
me feel badly. I am taking all care of myself, and will con- 
tinue to do so, 3^ou may depend ; therefore, do not be uneasy 
about me. 

Now, dear wife, good-night, and may God guard and protect 
you and our dear Eeilly and Many. May you be good and 
happy, and may we soon meet again, is my prayer. Kiss the 
children for me a dozen times. 

Your affectionate husband, 

E. Hatton. 

P. S. — If I get a dispatch, I will write to you again before 
leaving St. Louis. R. H. 

On board Steamer "Aubrey," 

Near Sibley, on Missouri River, 

JBeloiv Independence, June 9, 1858. 
My Dear Sophie: — 

It is raining hard, and so dark, that our boat has had to 
" lie to " for the night, as we had to do last night. I wrote to 
you from Jefferson City ; I then expected to get off that night 
from there — failed, however, until the succeeding night to get 
a boat ; this delayed me very much. I will get to Leavenworth 
to-morrow evening, if we have luck, where I will write you, 
perhaps, again. I have still not heard from William, except, 
that he had been hurt about as Whitfield wrote, and that the 
man who did it, had escaped. 



152 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

I will be gone longer, I fear, than I expected. If I have good 
luck all the time in traveling, and lose no time in staying in 
Kansas, I will be able to make the trip under four weeks. Oh, 
Soj)hie, how delighted I would be, could I be with you and our 
dear children to night. I am on a boat, lying by the bank of 
a dreary river — no sound to be heard, save the mad roar of a 
rapid and swollen stream, and the moaning of the wind among 
the trees, and the pattering of the rain upon the deck of ttie 
boat. What a dreary serenade ! Oh, could I now but peep in 
for a few minutes upon you and Eeilly and Many, as you lie in 
our room, and hear the sweet breathing of those so dear to me, 
it would afford me infinite pleasure. I will feast, in imagination, 
upon the scene. God bless you, dear wife, you "are as dear to 
me as are the ruddy drops that visit my sad heart." May a kind 
Providence guard over us all, and keep us from all harm ; and 
may we soon meet in our own " sweet home." It and you, and 
ours, are daguerreotyped in my mind so perfectly, that I can, 
now, as I write, see all, as if I were present, beholding them 
with my natural eyes. 

Tell Balie, he must take good care of you all, and be a good 

boy, until Uncle Bob comes home. My love to all ; hug and 

kiss the children for me, and tell them pa will be home after 

awhile. 

Good-bye again, dear w^ife. 

E. Hatton. 

Mr. Hatton returned from this trip "out West," in July, of 
this year, and was uninterruiDtedly engaged in his profession 
for nearly a twelve month. At intervals, when not pressed hy 
the active duties of his calling, he would devote himself to pol- 
itics and general literature. He was never idle — always had 
something to do. Being alwaj^s busy, he accomj^lished much. 
Thus it was, that he acquired such a fund of knowledge, not 
only in law, but in politics and literature. For one of his age, 
few equalled him — none excelled him, either in law or politics. 
In general literature, in history or poetry — ancient or modern 
— he was accomplished beyond the great majority of men in 
public life. He was a book man, though he did not allow them 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 153 



to absorb his whole attention ; he used them as a means by 
which to acquire knowledge, not as the end for which knowledge 
is acquired. Doubtless he could say with the poet : 

" Give me 
Leave to enjoy mj'self. That place that does 
Contain my books, the best companions, is 
To me a glorious court, where hourly I 
Converse with the old sages and philosophers; 
And sometimes for variety, I confer 
With kings and emperors, and weigh their counsels ; 
Calling their victories, if unjustly got, 
Unto a strict account ; and in my fancy. 
Deface their ill-placed statues. Can I then 
Part with such constant pleasures, to embrace 
Uncertain vanities ? No; be it your care 
To augment a heap of wealth; it shall be mine 
To increase in knowledge." 

Mr. Hatton certainly preferred knowledge above riches ; but 
it is probable, too, that he thought by the acquisition of knowl- 
edge, not only wealth, but also that other of the great trio of 
earth's virtues — fame — could be achieved. Well might he have 
exclaimed, 

" I courted fame, but as a spur to brave 
And honest deeds ; and who despises fame 
Will soon renounce the virtues that deserve it." 

The time was again approaching when an election must be 
had for Eepresentative to Congress from his District. Colonel 
Eead}^, who became the nominee of the Opposition, or Ameri- 
can party in the preceding election, in consequence of the nom- 
ination of Mr. Hatton, for Governor, was again a candidate for re- 
election. Indeed, he had announced himself before leaving home 
for "Washington, in 1858, thinking thug to block the game, and 
hold the track, and, as it were, coerce the Oj)position party into 
his siipport, through fear of a division among themselves, and, as 
a consequence, a Democratic triumph. But Mr. Eeady had 
pla^^ed the bluif game his last time with the Americans of his 
District. The great majority of the party were decidedly in 
favor of the election of Mr. Hatton, and this preference was 
daily manifested, more and more, through the press, by corres- 
pondents, and otherwise. 

"Pursuant to public announcement, a Convention of the Op- 



154 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

position party, to nominate a candidate for Congress in the 
Fifth District, met on Saturday, the 7th of May, 1859, in the 
town of Murfreesboro'." 

Colonel Eobert Hatton, of Wilson, as the Ojiposition candi- 
date for Congress, received the unanimous nomination of the 
Convention. Col. Eeady was a candidate also ; he had said, 
" he would not accept a seat in Congress, if given him by Dem- 
ocratic votes." The Opposition, or American party, had nom- 
inated Mr. Hatton, and would, doubtless, suj)port him. "What 
prospect, then, was there for Mr. Eeady? Would he oppose 
Mr. Hatton, the nominee of his party, thinking, with what of 
the Opposition votes and Democrats together, he might receive, 
he would be able to defeat Mr. Hatton, and thereby retain his 
seat in Congress? Doubtless Mr. Eeady thought so. He had 
represented the District in Congress, four years, and still he 
wanted to go again, in defiance of a majority of his party. 

"Oh, false ambition! 
Thou lying phantom ! whither has thou lured me ? 
Ev'n to this giddy height; where now I stand, 
Forsaken, comfortless ; Mith not a friend 
In whom my soxil can trust! " 

The canvass opened early in June, and continued until Au- 
gust, with some short intervals. We shall not follow the can- 
didates to their various appointments in the District, nor copy 
any of the many notices of them by the press and its corres- 
jDondents. We will copy the following letters to his wife, by 
Mr. Hatton, written from different places in the District. They 
will give the reader a more nearly correct account of the pro- 
gress of the canvass, than could be found in the newspapers : 

At Peyton's, Sumner County, 

June 8, 1859. 
Dear Wife: — 

I got here to-night, thoroughly drenched with rain. 

Borrowed some clothes of the boys, and mine are being dried by 

the fire. To-morrow morning I go to Nashville, on the cars, 

on my way to Franklin. On Saturday, I go to Murfreesboro'; 

from there I go to Woodbury ; stay there two days, then 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 155 

return to Eiitherford, and speak four days; quitting off 
on the extreme Southern point of the county, on Saturday. 
"Will come home from there ; "uill get there Saturday night or 
Monday morning ; am well as usual ; getting on with !Mi'. 
Eeady ; will get a good vote in this county ; my friends here 
say I will certainly beat Eeady. I think so. Thrashed the 
very hide off him on 3Ionday, at Gallatin. My own friends 
said, "let him alone — have you no mercy? " ^i^ ^ -i^ 

I am determined to lash him 'round the District, if he beats me. 

Mother and father are well, so are Balie and Miss Em., etc. 

I send my horse home by Jack E . On Saturday, I want 

Anderson to take her over to Murfreesboro', and leave her at 
Lytle's tavern, for me. Let her be well taken care of while at 
home, and tell Anderson to be careful in leading her to Mur- 
freesboro'. She is a fine animal, and I am going to keep her to 
ride. 

Emily and sister Mary will be over about the 20th, to attend 
Moot Coui-t.* 

On the 21st of the month, I commence speaking again, and 
don't stop hardly, until August. Hope to hold out — will do so, I 
think, if I don't get wet too often. 

^ow, Sophie, take good care of yourself. Try and be con- 
tented and happy. To believe you were so, would give mo 
comfort in my toil. Kiss the children for me, and say to them, 
papa is going to come home after a while. He has seen no such 
children since he left home — nothing approaching to them. 

If you want more money, just draw a check, and sign my 
name to it, and they will let you have all you want on it, at the 
Bank. 

I am tired, and it is very late — have to get up at 5 o'clock in 
the morning ; so good-night, Sophie. May God bless you, and 
keep you and ours, free from all evil, until we meet. 

Yours affectionately, 

EOBERT HaTTON. 



*In Law Schools, a Court organized and held by the Professors, and composed of 
themselves and the students, for the purpose of arguing and trying feigned or sup- 
posed cases. Supreme Moot Courts are held every year in the Lebanon Law School. 



156 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 



City Hotel, Nashville, 

June 10, 1857. 
Dear "Wife : — 

I have just got in from Williamson. Am very tired, but 
will say a word to you before retiring. Things are in a good 
condition for me in Williamson. Paddy Reese told me to-day, 
he would vote for me on your account. I thanked him, and 
told him I would write to you, stating the fact. ^ H^ * >i< >!= 
I am well, and in as good spirits as could be expected. Kiss 
the children for papa, and take good care of yourself. Good 
bye, and may God bless you. 

E. Hatton. 

Woodbury, Tenn., Jiine 14, 1859. 
Dear Sophie : — 

I take a moment to say to you, that I am well, and get- 
ting along jDleasantly. I came here yesterday morning, and 
will remain until morning, when I leave for Rutherford, where 
we speak the rest of the week. My prospects are good — im- 
proving. My little mare carries me along finely — much better 
than the horse did. 

I hope you and the children are well and hapj^y. Be so, if 
you would 7naA-e me so. I cannot be so without it. I stayed night- 
before-last at a house where there was a three year old boy 
named Hatton, after me. A beautiful boy he is, too. The ladj' 
is a cousin of Gen. Harding, of Davidson. I find namesakes 
here by the dozen, almost. Have some good friends in Cannon. 
But what are they to me, away from my own family — my wife 
and my children? Nothing! I am tired — more than ever — of 
being away from you and the children. It must not be so. It 
shall not be so, if I can control my fate. I am interrupted by 
company. I have excused m3-self to close my letter. So good- 
bye, and may God bless you and take care of you and our dear 
children, until we meet. May we meet in health, and be kept 
from all evil. Kiss Reilly and Many for pa, and tell them to 
pray for him when they go to bed. I will get home on Monday. 

Your affectionate husband, 

Robert Hatton. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON, 157 



MuRFREESBORO, July 18, 1859. 
Dear Wife : — 

I got here yesterday, and found your kind note, and my 
six shirts, awaiting me. Thank you, Sophie, for your kindness 
to me — for your thoughtful regard for my wants and desires. 
I shall never be able to repay you for your devoted attention to 
me. I will try, however. May be, I may succeed. God bless 
you any how, my dear wife, for your goodness. 

I was delighted to hear that our dear children were so much 
admired in Williamson and Maury. They are noble children — 
we have a right to be proud of them. I do desire to live to see 
them raised and settled in life, though I fear I shall not. I pray 
God, that their dear mother will be, at least, enabled to live, 
and care for, and protect them. The loss of a mother is greatly 
worse than the loss of a father. 

I am getting along very quietly with Mr. Eeady, now. We 
go to Cannon County, to-day — speak there to-morrow. We wind 
uj) on Saturday at Eeadyville; that will be the end of the can- 
vass — so far as sj^eaking is concerned. The rest of the time will 
be spent in still-hunting. 

My friends still think I will be elected. I cannot tell — am 
prepared for any event — success or defeat. We will enjoy our- 
selves together when it is all over, no matter what may be the 
result. 

I am interrupted by company. So good-bye, my darling 
Sophie, and may God bless and take care of you, and our 
treasures. 

Your aifectionate husband, 

E. Hatton. 
Mrs. Sophie K. Hatton^ Lebanon., Tenn. 

The election came off about the first of August; and, as was 
expected, Mr. Hatton was the successful candidate, defeating his 
opponent by eight hundred or a thousand majority. Of course, 
he felt gratified. His friends were delighted, even jubilant, at 
the result. He was feasted and toasted, serenaded and applaud- 
ed; and Sumner County gave a "grand barbecue" in honor of 
him, who was, a few years before, "little Bob Hatton, of Long- 



158 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

Hollow," but was, now, the Hon. Eobert Hatton, member of 
Congress, elect, from the 5th Congressional District of Tennessee. 
The press, in and out of the District, was quite as elated as 
the personal friends of Mr. Hatton. The Lebanon Herald de- 
voted nearly a column to the expression of its joy and "infinite 
pleasure," at the triumph of the opposition, or American ticket. 
We clip the following paragi-aph from it : 

"But perhaps the most gratifying feature to us of the past 
canvass, is the high and well deserved compliment which the 
people of this Congressional District have paid to Col. Eobert 
Hatton. Col. Hatton, from all accounts, is elected by over one 
thousand votes. We have labored hard for this ; we are more 
than compensated, and the returns have surpassed our most san- 
guine expectations." 

The following is from the Nashville Banner: 

"We rejoice over the triumphant election of Eobert Hatton. 
His majority will not be less than 800. His canvass has been 
able, bold and effective. He will represent the people of the 
Fifth District with an unswerving devotion to their interests — 
a degree of ability and high-toned purpose which will be unex- 
celled by any member of that body. He will make his mark 
in the United States House of Eepresentatives." 

The compliments noticed below, must have been gratifying 
and highly pleasing to Mr. Hatton, after his toils and anxieties; 

"A Compliment to the Hon. Eobert Hatton. — The gal- 
lant and chivalrous standard bearer of the Opposition in the 
Fifth District, the Hon. Eobert Hatton, was serenaded last eve- 
ning, at the Hotel in this city, by the j)atriots of old Williamson, 
with the Franklin Brass Band, an excellent company of instru- 
mental performers from Franklin. In response to a call from 
the crowd attracted to the spot. Col. Hatton came forward and 
spoke in terms of gratitude and thankfulness to the gallant boys 
ol the Fifth District, who had been so true to himself and the flag 
entrusted to his care. The band played several beautiful airs. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 159 

much to the delight and entertainment of the guests of the Hotel. 
Mr. Jas. E. Eains, of this city, responded in a few appropriate 
remarks, alluding to the praiseworthy achievements of the 
champion of Wilson, in the immortal Fifth District, and con- 
gratulating the Williamson County boys upon the success of 
their noble leader in the encounter." — Nashville Banner, Aug. 6th. 

"A number of the Opposition party of old Williamson came 
down to the city with a brass band, and escorted Col. Bob Hat- 
ton out to Franklin, on Saturday, where he was enthusiastically 
received in the midst of a grand rally. A reception and con- 
gratulatory speech was made by John Marshall, Esq., to which 
Col. Hatton replied in his usual eloquent style. Sj)eeches were 
also made by W. G. Brien, Esq., of this city, and Col. W. L. Mc- 
Connico. Col. Hatton returned to the city yesterday, and left 
immediately for his home in Lebanon." — Nashville Patriot, 
Aug. Sth. 

On his arrival at Lebanon, he received the following describ- 
ed greeting, as given by a correspondent of the Herald: 

"Compliment to Col. Hatton. — Messrs. Editors: — Deeply' 
seated within our sanctum on Monday night, pouring over the 
interesting Courtship of Miles Standish, we were suddenly 
startled by the sweet melody of distant music, as it broke, in 
strains of sweetness, the stillness of the night. Inadvertently 
we were di-awn forth in the direction from which came the mu- 
sic, so full of stirring beauty. Proceeding to the pavement, we 
gazed adown, and heard the tramp of distant footsteps, as the}" 
approached nearer and nearer the place where we stood. From 
the direction towards which they eagerly bent, we soon discov- 
ered the object of the procession, composed of men irresi^ective 
of party or party prejudice, was to serenade our distinguished 
fellow-citizen, Col. Hatton. We entered rank and followed 
on to the theatre of action, which was the ground in front of his 
residence. Seating ourself on the "gate post," we commanded 
a full view of the spectacle spread out before us. It was cer- 
tainly a most brilliant one, and a splendid exhibition of the high 
regard which they bore to their gallant fellow -townsman. Here 



160 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

they ytood, some two hundred in number, with their blazing 
fire-balls, throwing an ocean of brilliancy all around, whilst the 
brass band pealed forth that patriotic air, "Hail Columbia," un- 
til it floated in thrilling symphony over the last corner of the 
hushed and pulseless town. Two more pieces equally as beau- 
tiful, were played by our inimitable Band, and then one wild, 
si^ontaneous cry rent the sleeping air for "Hatton !" He came 
forth from his couch of repose, when he was greeted in a few 
l^ertinent and well-timed remarks by "Wm. D. Martin, Esq., con- 
gratulating him upon the brilliant victory which he had just 
achieved ; and on behalf of the assembled crowd, said that they 
had come to rejoice with him in his splendid triumph, and show 
to him the high aj)preciation in which he was held by his friends 
and fellow-citizens. Col. Hatton then responded in a most ap- 
propriate and happy manner — said that he thanked his friends, 
one and all, for that brilliant testimonial of their appreciation of 
his humble triumph — that he esteemed it more highly than any 
compliment he had received since his election, because it was 
from his friends at home — that he should ever recur to it in 
after time, as one of the hapj^iest periods of his life — and that if, 
at any time in the future, an opportunitj' was offered to repa}', 
in some small degree, the favor and debt of gratitude which he 
should ever owe to them, gladly would he do it. With other 
remarks of a similar character, he closed by thanking them 
again for the complimentary serenade which they had so gen- 
erously tendered him. With loud and prolonged applause, the 
crowd then dispersed — having added another laurel to the per- 
ennial chaplet that already entwines around the broad marble 
brow of the indomitable Hatton. Ceyphus." 

" Robert Hatton. — It affords us unspeakable pleasure to an- 
nounce the election of this gentleman to Congress. A pei-sonal 
acquaintance with Mr. Hatton has convinced us of his peculiar 
fitness to adorn a position so high and honorable. Distinguish- 
ed for his unblemished integrity, he walks like Solon of old, 
untouched amid the immortal elements that breathe around 
him, and his very presence will strike terror to the hungry 
thieves that fatten upon the National Treasury'. An honest 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 161 

man, God's noblest work, is Bob Hatton. Although, in com- 
mon parlance, he maj^ be classed as a finished scholar, yet no 
one labors harder, or burns more of the midnight oil, than he. 
To learn new thoughts, and new truths, and thus keep pace 
with the march of mind, seems to be the end of his existence- 
He is the personification of energy — may we not say the very 
embodiment of industry. His constituents will find that their 
interests will be well and faithfully guarded by their present 
Eepresentative, and his party have honored a man who will 
never follow the footsteps of his " illustrious predecessor," to 
die at last in the arms of his life-long foes, literally foundered 
and poisoned upon the bread of treason." — Purdy Whig Banner. 

With the above, we close our clij^pings from the press, though 
we might extend them indefinitely, almost. 

The following letter, in replj^ to one received from Dr. N. 
Lawrence Lindsley, will, in 'part, explain itself. Dr. Lindsley 
had it in contemplation about this time, to visit Europe, spend- 
ing some years at the great seats of learning, in order that he 
might have the benefit of their libraries, as well as the sugges- 
tions and opinions of the great living savans of the old world, 
in the prosecution of his most valuable work — " Encyclolexicon ;" 
but the unhappy civil war, then about to be precipitated upon 
the country, postponed indefinitely, the contemplated sojourn 
"bej'ond the sea." Dr. Lindsley had confided his views and 
plans upon this subject, to his specially valued friend, in their 
social and literary correspondence — the two bearing a relation 
of devoted friendship and literary sympathies not dissimilar to 
that of "Webster and Everett : 

Lebanon, September 20, 1859. 
My Dear Sir: — 

* * * 'i^ A reasonable degree of confidence in 
one's own capacity to accomplish a given undertaking, is cer- 
tainly an indispensable requisite to its successful performance. 
It is neither "presumption," nor over-much of /' boldness," 
then, in you, to contemplate leading, for a time, the life of an 
author. I know of no man, of your age, who has been a 
greater laborer in those fields of literature, which you think of 
11 



162 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

now specially cultivating and adorning. Why, then, should 
you not engage in the work? It icill be one of love to you — I 
trust it ma}' prove to be one of profit, also. 

I should regret to see you and family leave Tennessee; yet, 
as it will be but for a time — but a few years, I hope — and as 
you can more successfully and satisfactorily do what you de- 
sire in the East, than here, I could not say ought against your 
going. If you do, I trust your sojourn will be most pleasant — 
not so much so, however, as to wean you from Greenwood.'^ 

I fear there is too much ground for the opinion you express, 
that "most of the coj)ies" of Perry's Expedition were sold hy 
members of Congress. It is a shame upon the nation, that 
there should be any ground for such a suspicion. Where mem- 
bers of Congress have so acted, they deserve to be publicly ex- 
posed, and then expelled the House. 

I was gratified at the handsome manner in which Mr. Wardf 
referred, in his pai)er, to your letter to Dr. Worcester. He is 
an accomplished gentleman, and very clever fellow — clever, 
both in its American and English senses. 



*" We give the following extract from a communication written by a recent visitor 
to Greenwood, to a Tennessee paper:— "Who has not heard of Greenwood, the home 
of Tennessee's gifted scholar. Dr. N. Lawrence Liudsley ? If there be one who knows 
not this beautiful resort of the literati, let him read and le proud when he knows that 
amid the cedar-crowned heights of ' old Wilson,' there is a shrine erected to litera- 
ture, where the sacred flame still brightly burns, even though war's rude alarums 
have beeu charging around its temple. Dr. Lindsley is a son of the late distinguisli- 
ed Dr. Phillip Liudsley, President of the University of Nashville, and author of a 
series of incomparable essays upon Theology, Education and Government. 

" Four miles from Lebanon, at the base of a semi-circle of lofty, craggy heights, cov- 
ered with a verdure of matted cedars, is the beautiful home most appropriately called 
' Greenwood.' The grounds are laid out on the good old English plan— house oil' the 
road, Avith a winding carriage-way leading to it. In the language of its hospitable 
lord, ' Greenwood was built for the accommodation of myself, my family, and my 
friends, and not for the passing public to gaze upon.' Concealed amid beauties, nat- 
ural and artificial, is an ideal liome, just such a cozy, quiet home, as a man of culti- 
vated rellnement might picture. The surrounding scenery is varied, compreliendiug 
both the grand and picturesque— the wild beauties of untrained nature, and the im- 
provement of &jt and cultivation. A bright, sparkling stream winds its joyous, 
laughing leug^'h through the grounds, making music with its ripples, as it goes ' ou 
to the sea.' But away with the picture, for the beauties external are by far exceeded 
by ' the feast of reason and flow of soul ' which awaits him who bears a card of invi- 
tation to Greenwood." 

f Rev. W. E. Ward, then editor of the Banner of Peace, Nashville, said:—" It is the 
expression of one of the most accomplished scholars, of this country ; one in love witti 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 163 

With the letter itself, too, I was much pleased. Wish that 
the scholars of our country would all agree with you in opinion 
on the subject, and then act. 

For the kind and friendly sentiments contained in your note, 
I am sincerely obliged to you. Hope the day may arrive when 
it may be in my power amply to requite all the obligations 
which I feel myself under to you. I regard you as one of my 
truest friends — have for years, so regarded you. What I feel 
toward such men, it is hardly necessary to express. 

Yours truly, 

E. Hatton. 
To N. Lawrence Lindsley, Esq. 

Mr. Hatton was now to enter a new field, a wider do- 
main, for the display of his oratory, political acumen, great 
acquirements and skill in parliamentary affairs. Hither- 
to he had achieved only a State reputation, but the time 
had now come when he must enter the great national 
arena, the Congress of the United States, to do battle with 
the giants. Would he sustain himself? was the question. 
That he had confidence in his own ability, there is no doubt ; 
that he would do so, in the opinion of those who knew him 
well, is eqiially true. But it may be, that there were those who 
had their doubts — ^time would, and did tell. 

As a politician, or statesman, Mr. Hatton was eminently con- 
servative ; was sound on all the great questions or measures ad- 
vocated by his party, and was esj)ecially orthodox on the then 
paramount subject of African slavery — the absorbing question 
of the day, and the test of Southern loyalty and fidelity. Upon 
this latter question, he would be above suspicion, and any in- 
sinuation as to his want of fidelity to the South, or that he had 

and deeply versed in, the rich literature of his mother tongue, as well as the dead, 
and other living languages. 

"And with great propriety it is addressed to Dr. Worcester, no less a, mvant, equally 
with Professor Lindslej^ a patient student, and an incomparable expounder of the 
English tongue. 

" The desire here expressed to appreciate our own tongue ; to assign it no second 
place; to make it among tongues, what Achilles was among the Greeks— "the Chief 
of All "—meets our cordial approbation. And Ave agree with Professor Lindsley that 
the Chair of Philology should be one of the most conspicuous in our literary In- 
stitutions." 



164 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

Black Eepublican proclivities, was certain to call forth his dis- 
pleasure aud heavy denunciations upon him who dared to make 
such. A case is in point: Just after his election to Congress, a 
report reached his ear, to the effect, that a certain member elect, 
of the State Senate, had said, that ho, (Hatton,) was, perhaps, 
wanting in fidelity to the South, and that, in his (the Senator's) 
opinion, he had Black Republican proclivites. Mr. Hatton was 
indignant, and denounced the author in very severe terms, say- 
ing, he "was guilty of falsehood in his throat, and was a cow- 
ard and a craven," and that if he had any friends present, they 
would inform the gentleman of " what he had said of him." 
This was prettj^ severe, and among gentlemen who settle such 
difficulties according to the "code of honor," was likel}- to bring 
about serious consequences. No doubt Mr. Hatton expected 
such a result. A few days afterwards, a friend of the Senator 
called on Mr. Hatton, informing him that the Senator was in 
town, and desired to know if it was to him that his (Hatton's) 
language was addressed. Mr. Hatton replied by note, in the 
affirmative. So soon as the note had been dispatched, Mr. Hat- 
ton wrote the following note — may bo, as he thought, the last — 
to his wife : 

Lebanon, September 13, 1859. 
My Dear Wife: — 

There is a prospect of my having, this evening, a diffi- 
culty, which may prove ftital to me. I would have spoken to 
you about it, at dinner, but did not want to cause you pain. 
Excuse me for not doing it. Few things of any moment, in 
my little history, have been concealed from you, since our mar- 
riage. 

Let me say to you — it may be the last time — that you are as 
dear to me as my own blood — our children even as dear as the 
ruddy drops that course my veins. Should I not live to aid 
you in raising our dear babes, I have the greatest confidence in 
your faithfulness and fondness, as well as in your discretion, as 
a mother. Let them not forget their father. 

The cause of the difficulty will be explained to j'ou. The 
remarks made by me were but what was due my honor, your 



LIFE OP GENERAL EGBERT HATTON. 165 

honor, our children's honor. My honor, your honor, and their 
honor, are, each, dearer to me than life. Hence, my course. 

Kiss our dear children, for pa, and tell them how much I 
loved them. You will never doubt my love for you; it will be 
the last impulse of my heart. 

Your affectionate husband, 

Egbert Hatton. 
To Sophie K. Hatton. 

Biit, fortunately, the affair was amicably adjusted. The said 
Senator disclaimed "any such language — that he had never 
charged him with disloyalty to the South," etc. Here, the 
matter dropped. We have referred to it, merely to show to 
what lengths he would go, in vindication of what he deemed 
his honor. We will close our remarks upon this subject, by 
saying, we are inclined to think, that in the affair above men- 
tioned, Mr. Hatton was a little too sensitive, and acted somewhat 
rashly. He had, however, just been elected to Congress, and 
wished to go before that body, and the nation, upon the test 
question — slavery — as Csesar would have his wife, above suspi- 
cion. 

Mr. Hatton left Lebanon, for Washington, about the 25th of 
November, going via Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, Harrisburg, and 
Baltimore. From Cincinnati he wrote to his wife. He shall 
tell much of his own story, from this on. The following is the 
letter : 

"Burnet House," Cincinnati, 

November 26, 1859. 
My Dear Wife: — 

I got to this place, to-day, and am compelled to stay 

here until to-morrow night — no traiti leaving for Pittsburgh, 

until then. Am vexed, sorely vexed; but, it is foll}^ to fret. 

One advantage, I get to write to you, a day sooner. Could not 

get off from ISTashville, Friday morning; had some business to 

attend to, which made it necessary for me to stay until evening. 

Will get to Pittsburgh, Monday, after dinner. 

Well, my dear Sophie, we are separated by many long miles; 

you, in our little home — our sweet little home — and I, in the 



166 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

midst of a crowd, on my way, still farther off. My very heai't 
was sick at leaving you and our sweet little children. I felt as I 
had not felt before — sad, gloomy, to an extent painful in the ex- 
treme. Took my seat, up by the driver, where I remained until 
near Nashville, when the rain drove me inside the coach. Did 
not speak — did not want to — for miles, thinking of you, as I last 
saw you, seated by the window, as I left home. Oh, Sophie, you 
will — you never can — know how sad was my heart ; it felt as 
lead in my breast. And noio, whilst I write, I see you in our 
room, seated by the hearth, alone, thinking of — what? Of me? 
I believe you are. this moment, thinking of me. It is half past 
eight o'clock, p. m. Tell me, when you answer this, what you 
are now at — of what you are thinking — ichat you are doing. 
"Would that I could but look in upon you — see you, and our 
sweet little ones. About Ecilly, I am absolutely superstitious. 
I fear something may happen to him. He is almost constantly 
in my mind. When I pressed the little fellow to my breast, on 
leaving, it did seem that my heart would break. God bless you 
and them, our babes, and keep you harmless, until we meet 
again. Say to Eeilly and Many, that pa never wanted to see 
them so much as now; that they must be good, mind their ma, 
and be good children, every way. Kiss them for me, till you 
get tired. 

Saw Sister Mary, at Nashville. She was looking much bet- 
ter than when I last saw her. Told her about matters and 
things, Balie, etc., which, I think, pleased her. Hope she will 
consent to give up teaching, next session, and stay with you. 

J\ Tell the negroes, howdy, for me, and say to them that I want 
them to be smart and obedient ; that, if they will, they shall 
have, each, a nice present. Tell Anderson that he must haul the 
corn from Col. Hamilton's, very soon, lest it is all sold; also, to 
pile up the shingles, and fix the loft where he keeps his corn. 

Now, my darling, don't suffer yourself to be gloomy and un- 
happy. Take the world more easily than you have been in the 
habit of doing. Look on the bright side of the picture. Make 
Balie and Johnnie read to you, and write for you. Keep up 
your music ; visit your friends ; in short, strive to be hapjjy. 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 167 

Take constant cai-e of yourself. Of attention to the children I 
need not speoak; you are as attentive as I would have you. 

I am very well, indeed. The travel agrees with me. The 
young ladies Avith me, get along pretty much on their own hook 
— are not much trouble. Brother Sehon has, pretty much, re- 
lieved me of trouble, on their account, so far. I want to write 
another letter, in time for the mail. So, good-bye, 'till I get to 
Pittsburgh. Love to mother. God bless you. 

Your affectionate husband, 

E. Hatton, 

The following letter was written from the residence of his 
sister, in Pittsburgh, Pa. : 

"Mag's House," 

November 29, 1849. 
Dear Sophie: — 

I am about to be off for Washington — go on this eve- 
ning's train, through Harrisburg and Baltimore. Miss Mc. 
and Miss M. are here, to dinner; came over at eleven o'clock, 
and stay until time to go by the hotel, to the cars. 

We stayed at Cincinnati until eleven o'clock, Sunday night. 
Sunday, went to church twice. Heard the celebrated Dr. God- 
dard (Episcopal) twice. He is a great man — very. Was intro- 
duced to him, and he promised to send me a copy of one of his 
sermons, which was reported for the city papers. I will send it 
to you, and Johnnie will read it for you. 'Twill j)lease him — 
parts of it. Saw, at Cincinnati, after dinner, the dedication of 
the Boatmen's Bethel — a meeting-house for river men. So, you 
see, I spent the first Sabbath from home, very profitably. If 
you, and our sweet little ones, had but been along with me, for 
Washington, I felt that it would have been a happy day. You 
may make up your mind to come to Washington. I'm going 
to have it so. Bless your dear heart, this is no world to me, 
without you — none. Care but little for the world, outside of 
those whom I regard as a part of myself. 

Was called on, yesterday, by Mr. McKnight, the member 
from this District. He takes his family to Washington, and 



168 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

will keep house. Morehead, the member from the City, takes 
part of his family. Why can't I? Have not as much money 
as they, but have enough — plenty. I have dreamed of you, 
repeatedly, already ; have generally had pleasant dreams, too. 
Have waked up, and hurried to get asleep again, hoping to get 
my glimpse of home again. I am unhappy : have been moody, 
ever since I left home. Have tried to be pleasant, but it has 
been a labor to me. 

Mag and Mr. Eiddle and children, are all well. Mag is 
very nicel}^ fixed, indeed, as nicely as we will be, years to come. 
Her house is large and roomy — handsomely furnished. Mr. E. 
is an exceedingly pleasant man, at home. I am greatly pleased 
with him. Wish I could stay longer, but cannot. 

Did I say, in my letter from Cincinnati, anything about the 
corn? I want Anderson to haul it, at once, lest it be all taken 
off. The balance of the pork is to be brought in by a Mr. Car- 
son. Tell Johnnie to see to it. 

Have had the locket fixed, and have also had Mag's picture 
of you copied, beautifully, for myself It is a beautiful picture 
— just as you were when first you owned you loved me. I 
have kissed it, over and over again. Will, if I live, kiss it 
thousands of times more. 

Kiss our dear children for me a dozen times a day, and teach 
them to pray for their absent father. Bless their dear little 
souls, I am just finding out how much I love them. Have seen 
no such children since I left. Mag's are exceedingly smart, but 
they do not look so sweet — so noble as ours. Whose children 
do? Don't spoil the baby — (what shall it be called ?) — and wear 
yourself out. Eemember that you have a husband in whose 
eyes you are fair, and he wants you to continue so. Mag is too 
much of a slave to her children. Don't now, be foolish, and just 
weary the flesh into premature old ago. Keep cheerful — don't 
let anything trouble you. Determine to be cheerful and happy. 

Tell mother that I see nothing here that I recognize. Don't 
like the smoke and dust, but Pittsburg is a great city in trade 
and manufacturing. 

I am staying away too long from Mag. So good bye, my 
darling wife, until I get to Washington, when I will write you 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 169 

again. My love to father, mother, John and the chikh-en. For 
yourself, receive again assurances of my truest and most faith- 
ful love. 

Your affectionate husband, 

E. Hatton. 

As he had exjiected, Mr. Hatton arrived safely in Washington, 
on Thursday, Dec. 1, 1859. Accoi-ding to the request of his 
wife, Mr. Hatton kept a Diary while in Congress, in which he 
noted many important and interesting things and events. We 
shall copy it in regular order. Here follows the first day's 
record : — 

Thursday, Dec. 1^\'^^^. — Arrived in Washing-ton to-day, from 
Baltimore, and put up at Brown's Hotel. Found, on my arri- 
val, a letter awaiting me from Sophie, which I have read over 
and over again. All well except my dog, Prince. He, poor 
fellow, seems to have been badly treated. Took room 97, until 
I can look around me — find it small and unpleasant — Avill get 
another. Found large number of the members of Congress 
here — all caucusing — each party seemingly anxious for a trade, 
to secure a portion of the spoils to their friends. Eead the first 
three chapters of Genesis, and am going to bed at 12 o'clock, 
praying God to guide me and to guard and protect my dear 
wife and children, who are far away from me. 

The following is the first letter to his wife from the Capital of 
the nation. In his remarks about his little son's dog, and the 
similarity between himself and Mr. Clay, as well as hundreds of 
other matters in the letters introduced by us, the reader will 
bear in mind that they were written only for his family and re- 
lations. For purity of thought and expression, for modesty in 
referring to himself, and for afiection for his family, Mr. Hat- 
ton's letters to his wife, will compare well with the j^rivate cor- 
resjjondence of any one, especially when it is remembered they 
were never expected to be read by any one outside of his family 
circle, much less to be published and presented to the public : 



170 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 



Brown's Hotel, "Washington City, 

December 2, 1859. 
My Dear Wife : — 

You can form but little idea of the pleasure I enjoyed in 
reading over and over again your letter of last Sunday. I got 
it here last night, upon my arrival. Bless your dear, good 
heart, you were so kind in writing to me so promptlj^. It was 
handed me immediately ui:)on my registering my name. I was 
^surrounded hj a number of gentlemen, who wanted to talk to 
me, but I excused myself and stepped into a private parlor, and 
read it twice; kissed the name "Sophie," then placed it carefully 
(how tender even — that is the word — are we of a letter from one 
whom we love) in my side pocket, and went to tell some of my 
friends of Prince's misfortunes. Poor fellow, I was ixvAj sorry 
to hear of his misfortune. Tell Eeilly to see to it that full par- 
ticulars are given me, as to how the thing was done, b}^ what 
dog, &c. Take good care of him; see that he is kept fat, and in 
cold, bad weather, is not left out of dooi'g. You did right in let- 
ting him stay in your room. He is devoted to our children. 
This is enough to make me devoted to his comfort, at least. By 
the way, I have just been edifying a couple of members with a 
statement of Prince's virtues, showing them my pictui'e, in 
which he is so prominent a character. 

I wrote you from Pittsburg, about getting Mag's likeness of 
you copied. It is very fine. Mr. Quarles, to whom I showed 
it, said, "Hatton, she is, I know, from this face, a good woman." 
I was stooping over my trunk, at the moment, and the tears 
ran out of my eyes, down on to my shirts in the trunk. You 
have been the kindest of wives to me. Can I repay you ? How 
can I? It shall be done, if in my power. You said nothing 
l)articularly about your health. Have you been very well ? I 
was afraid you would weary yourself to exhaustion, and to 
a spell of sickness by over-exertion with the baby. How has 
it been getting along at night? Better, I hope, than before I 
left. You must not work so much with it at niffht. 

There is an immense crowd in "Washington. Office seekers 
by the hundreds. The city is apparently full of life, but it but 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 171 

saddens me to see the crowd. Have not seen a man here with 
his child or wife, without feeling unhaiipy. Why should we not 
be together? Why you and I, not as others? Etheridge has 
his little daughter with him. A number of the members have 
their wives. Saw Mr. Wright, of Tenn., at the table at dinner 
to-day. I thought of you and our little ones far awaj^ — lost my 
appetite, got up and left the table — so sad and lonely, in a vast 
crowd, did I feel. 

I shall stay for the present at Brown's Hotel. Quarles, Eth- 
eridge, Stokes, Wright and myself, of Tennessee, are here. 
Have to-day been introduced to a number of the stars of the 
city. Find myself much better known than I had supposed. 
Am said to be a very ugly man, but one thing must be so; there 
is something about me that suggests the face of Mr. Clay, as at 
least half a dozen have, to-day, said I was singularly like him. 
One man — a Kentuckian, too — approached me this morning, 
and was about speaking to me, when he stepped back and said 
he was mistaken. He was afterwards introduced to me, and 
said he took me for Jim Clay, Henry Clay's son — that I was 
certainly like him, though more like his father. To be thought 
like Jim, did not j)lcase me, as I have great dislike to him. In 
the Banner of the 29th of Nov., you will see a letter taken from 
a St. Louis paper, or a part of one, in which the writer thinks 
I am not unlike Mr. Clay. So you see, Sophie, that if you have 
got the ugliest husband in Wilson, he is like one who was great 
and good. 

Has my mare been sent to the country ? If not, let Anderson 
take her out to Mottley's — Dick's. See that Anderson keeps 
jjlenty of wood, cut and ready for you. Keep bright fires — they 
conspire to cheerfulness. Give my love to mother and the chil- 
dren andJohn. Say to John to keep things straight. Write 
to me just as often as you can, my darling wife. 
Your affectionate husband, 

E. Hatton. 



172 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTOX. 



CHAP TEE YII. 

1859. First Session of the Thirty-sixth Congress— Great Delay in the Organization 
of tlie House of Representatives — Two mouths elapse before the Election of a 
Speaker— Diary from 2d December, 18§9, to 1st day of Feb., 1S60— Incidents, Obser- 
vations and Facts, noted therein— Speech of Mr. llattou upon the Organization of 
the House— Letters to his Wife— Observations and Sentiments, as expressed there- 
in—Of Washington City Life— Its mixed Society, Customs, Vanities, and Demoral- 
izing Associations — The Thirty-sixth Congress but little better than a Mob— Desti- 
tute of Dignity and Decorum — Mr. Hattou decliues invitations to Parties, to Drink, 
to Smoke, to call on Ladies, etc. 1860. 

In the following chapters of the biography of Mr. Hatton, 
we shall do little more than transcribe his letters and the daily 
records of his diary, in their regular order, as they will shew 
to the reader the private as well as his public sentiments con- 
cerning measures and men. We shall, of course, introduce his 
Congressional speeches, in the order of time in which they 
were delivered, adding, now and then, such other matters as we 
may deem i)roper and interesting. Here follows the second 
days' record, as given in his diary : 

December 2, 1859. — Slept late this morning, having slept but 
little on 111}' route. Found everybody like myself, however, the 
crowd not eating before 10 o'clock. Was called on to-day by a 
large number of the members, and in return, called on several. 
The twenty-three Southern Opposition men are all here, and a 
fine looking and gallant set of fellows I take them to be. Went 
in compan}^ with Mr. Anderson, of K}'., to the Capitol, and se- 
lected my seat and a drawer. Was not at all pleased with the 
arrangement of the Hall ; the arrangement of the seats is 
wretched — will be changed, I trust. Have been invited to 
drink about a dozen times, to day — did not, of course, do it. 
Wrote to Sophie. Eead 4th, 5th and 6th chs. of Genesib, be- 
fore retiring. 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 173 

The fii"st day in Washington, he is invited to drink, a dozen 
times ! And did not do it ! ! This is an excellent temperance 
lecture — remember it, young man, and do likewise. What a 
pity all the Eepresentatives in Congress don't pursue a similar 
course. 

December 3, 1859. — Woke up to find it raining, this morning. 
Grot breadfast, and went to attend caucus of Southern Opposi- 
tionists. Resolved to vote for one of our own number, for 
Speaker, oj)posing the plurality rule. Went to Intelligencer 
office, to subsci-ibe for two copies of the weekly — one for Hib- 
bits, and the other for Frazer. Became acquainted with Mr. 
Seaton, one of the proj^rietors. Came home, and wrote to 
Turner Vaughn, Jerry Frazer, and D. C. Hibbits. After sup- 
per, went again to caucus, and simjily undid what we did in 
the morning meeting. Came to my room; read the Herald. 
Showed my pictures to little Emma Etheridge, who admired 
them greatly; then took her to her pa's room, and had her put 
to bed. Eead the 8th and 9th chapters of Genesis, before re- 
tiring. 

December 4, 1859. — Still raining, this morning. Dressed, and 
eat breakfast, pretty early. SaAv Mr. Taylor, of East Tennes- 
see, and agreed to go to the Southern Methodist Church. Did 
go, in the rain. Heard a jjlain, sensible sermon, upon the 2nd 
verse of the Gth chapter of Paul to the Ephesians. G-ot my 
dinner, and Avent to my room, spending the evening writing 
some letters. Wrote to H. K. Walker, about public jirinting ; 
to McLemoro, about list of names, etc., and to ^orthcott, on 
same subject. Then read several chaj)ters in the Psalms, and 
went down to go to church, again; but, found it raining, and 
dark, and did not go. Returned to my room, and wrote a letter 
to Sophie. Then read the papers, and the 10th, 11th and 12th 
chapters of Genesis, and went to bed, at twelve o'clock. 



174 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 



Here follows the letter, written to his wife: 

"Washington City, 

December 4, 1859. 
My Dear "Wife: — 

Your note, enclosing Mr. Eiddlc's letter, etc., was received, 
last night. Don't let N's foolish, little articles annoy you. 
Everybody knows he is my devoted friend, and that he is but 
amusing himself and his readers, by his jokes, at my expense 
I will try and profit by your suggestions, however. 

To-day, I attended church, at the Southern Methodist meet- 
ing-house ; heard a sensible, but a very plain, discourse, from a 
very young man. The congregation was quite small. As it 
had been raining all the morning, and had no appearance of 
stopping, I suppose the number out was no indication of the 
number usually in attendance. The text was the 2nd verse of 
the Gth chapter of Paul's Epistle to the Ephesians. After 
church, I came to the hotel, and wrote three letters to some of 
my Tennessee friends. Was this wrong? I thought it better 
than sitting about, talking about elections. Black Republicans, 
etc. I have read a number of chapiters in the Bible. Will, I 
think, easily master the reading of all of it, before getting 
home. After supper, as it is still raining, I shall stay in doors, 
and read some more. 

I find that a great part of my time is to be devoted to an- 
swering letters, which have already begun to flow in on me, by 
wholesale. Will trouble me, greatly. Have determined to try 
to answer all of them, lest I may give offense. 

To-day has been a most gloomy one to me — dark, raining 
and cold — too cold for comfort, out-doors. Then, I was away 
from my wife and children — hundreds of miles — days of travel, 
by railway. A part of the time, I have been sitting alone, 
trying to imagine how you all were situated, how seated, how 
dressed, what you were talking and thinking about. So vivid 
were my sort of half-dreams, of what was passing at home, 
that my heart beat convulsively — could not keep my seat, but 
strode the floor, 'till wearied of walking. What have you all 
been at, to-day? Has it been a pleasant one to you? Hope it 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 175 

has been pleasant and profitable. Was it raining at home, to- 
day? God bless your dear hearts, I have not known what it 
was, before, to feel anxious about your comfort and happiness. 
Take good care of your dear self, Sophie, and of our bright 
little ones. I will, of myself, for your and their sakes, be ex- 
tremely cautious. 

>ic >i< >•< ^ 5i< ^< ;}c ^ 'ti >l« >ii 

Father will, I hope, stay as much as possible with you, during 
the Winter. You will be company for each other. I have 
taken up with Etheridge's little girl,* for much of my company. 
She is a sprightly, but very quiet and modest little child, and is 
very interesting to me. She has asked me a hundred questions 
about you and the children. Was in my room, an hour, last 
night, looking at the pictures of you, and the horse-picture, and 
asking about each, over and over again. Are you surprised 
that I did not get tired answering her questions? I did not. 
They were about you and the children. Have showed them to all 
my visitors. They have, too, been greatly admired — yours, in 
^particular. Have also showed my Bible and note-book, and 
what you wrote in them. Bless your heart, I want to talk 
about you, all the time. Grive my love to mother and father, 
and tell them to take good care of you. Tell father that I saw, 
the other day. Judge Thompson, vSupreme Judge of Pennsyl- 
vania, who told me he knew father, in the Erie country. Told 
me to ask him if he remembered Billy Emclly. 

Tell Eeilly and Many that pa thinks of, and prays for them, 
every night, before going to bed, and that they must not forget 
pa. You must name the baby, my darling ; will be pleased 
with any name you give it; prefer it should not be called Mag 
gie, as I don't like the name. 

Your affectionate husband, 

E. Hatton. 

December 5, 1859. — Eose about sunrise, this morning, and went 
around to see some of our Southern Opposition men, about a 
meeting, this morning, before assembling at the Capitol; suc- 

* Wonder if somebody else hasn't "taken up" with Miss Emma, by this time ! 



176 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

ceeded in getting it up. Met, and agreed on our line of action, in 
the election of Speaker, which was to scatter our vote. The 
Clerk of the last Congress announced, at 12 o'clock, m., that the 
time had arrived for the meeting of the Thirty-sixth Congress, 
and proceeded to call the roll. Nominations were then made, but 
no elections had. After a stormy session of two hours, the House 
adjourned until to-morrow, at 12 o'clock, m. Had another 
caucus of the Southern Opposition, to-night, and determined to 
vote for Gilmer to-morrow. Eead 13th, 14th and 15th chapters 
of Genesis, and went to bed, first writing to W. Hy. Smith, and 
others. 

December 6, 1859. — To-day was a most stormy one, in the 
House. It was taken up in Buncombe siieechcs — some of them 
of a most disgraceful character, full of low and vulgar person- 
alities, resulting in the utter confusion of the House. I said 
nothing, myself; sat quietly, and surveyed the scene — as- 
tonished — disgusted. An adjournment was effected about 4:30 
o'clock, P. M. Came to my room; backed and mailed some doc- 
uments ; wrote to Sophie ; read the city and New York papers ' 
for the day; read the 16th, 17th and 18th chaj)ters of Genesis, 
praying to God to take care of the dear ones at home. "Went to 
bed, 11:30 o'clock, p. m. 

Washington City, 

December 6, 1859. 
My Dear "Wife: — 

I was disappointed in not getting a letter from you, yes- 
terday or to-day. Never knew what it was to feel anxious 
about home, before. Do make Johnnie — if you can't, yom-self 
— write for you, and frequently. 

Two days of the session are gone, and no organization of the 
House. To-day has been spent in a most angry debate, about 
the negro question. "Most disgusting" exhibitions were made 
by a number of members; and, in the evening, there came near 
being a regular fight between some Democrats and Republicans. 
The thing was, however, quieted down, and the House ad- 
journed. I assure you, I was thoroughly disgusted at the scenes 
I witnessed. You will see a report, in the papers, of pro- 
ceedincrs. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 177 

It has been raining, ever since Saturday night, hardly stop- 
ping at all. The streets are exceedingly sloppy. I have had 
to spend fifty cents for hack hire — all I have paid that way. 
yet. The House galleries have been crowded, all the time — 
the women taking an active part in applauding or hissing, as 
they happened to be pleased, or not. I forgot to say that I 

landed my girls safely at W ; have not seen or heard of 

them, since. 

Tell Eeilly and Many not to forget their pa ; that he will see 
them, he hopes, before a great while. Our children, are, I 
know, dear to you. You are one of the best and kindest of 
mothers ; but do you really think — as you sometimes have said 
— ^that I do not think as much of them as you do ? If so, jon 
must be mistaken. I do not see a little boy or girl, that I do 
not at once think of, and if I have a chance, talk of Eeilly, and 
Many, and the baby. Avery and "Wright, of our delegation, 
have their wives with them, and are staying at this house. 
When I see them with their wives, I am almost angry at com- 
ing off without you. A large number of the Southern mem- 
bers have got their wives here. I am a stray sheep, without a 
shepherdess. Will you permit it to go on so? Eh ? Think not. 

Mr. Barksdale, of Mississippi, says he remembers you, dis- 
tinctly. He was educated at Jackson College. He has his 
family here — the ugliest wife in Washington. (Private.) Write 
to me, Sophie, often as you can, without pain to your eyes. 
Love to mother and all. 

Your affectionate husband, 

E. Hatton. 

December 7, 1859. — Still raining. Got up early this morning; 
read the papers; wrote to T. B., about Harrington matter, and 
went to the Capitol. The session continued from twelve o'clock 
until after dark, and was principally consumed in the delivery 
of some most inflammable and ridiculous speeches, from the 
Democracy. Mr. Nelson, of Tennessee, made an admirable 
speech, in which he gave to Mr. Eoger A. Pryor, a perfect 
quietus. A vote was taken, before adjournment, for Speaker, 
but resulted in no election — Sherman getting 107 votes, when 
12 



178 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

116 were necessary to a choice. Eead the 19th, 20th and 2l8t 
chapters of Genesis, and retired to bed at twelve o'clock. 

December 8, 1859. — Found the tops of the houses covered with 
snow, this morning, and the weather very cold. After break- 
fast, went out in the city on some business, and then went to 
the House. 

The principal source of interest was the speech of Thomas 
Corwin. He was eloquent, at times, and full of wit and humor. 
He was conservative, and tried to make it appear that his 
party were. No election of Speaker ; one ballot taken, result- 
ing about as former ones. House adjourned about one hour 
after dark. Wrote to Sophie and others ; read 22d, 23d and 
24th chs. of Genesis, and went to bed at quarter past eleven 
o'clock. 

December 9, 1859. — Still very cold this morning. Eead morn- 
ing papers, and went to the Capitol ; wrote to John B. Payton, 
Jesse E. Payton, of Philadelphia, and to J. W. Davidson ; went 
into the Supreme Court room — it is the most dignified body I 
ever saw ; was delighted at their mode of doing business ; House 
met at 12 o'clock ; soon got up a fierce debate — Kellog and Logan 
being the speakers ; both from Illinois ; wanted to fight ; did 
not ; had two ballots for Speaker ; result as former ones ; ad- 
journed at 5 p. M. ; wrote to Sophie, after the fire ; (the Hotel 
caught fire to-night ;) read 25th, 26th and 27th chs. of Genesis, 
and went to bed at 1 o'clock, a. m. 

December 10, 1859. — "Went to House at 11 o'clock ; wrote to 
John Marshall, of Franklin, Gov. Campbell, Northcott, and 
Beaumont, in reference to condition of things here. The day 
was consumed in speaking, and in calling the roll on motions 
to adjourn; nothing accomplished; came home, and wrote to 
G. W. Simpson, in reference to his land warrant, and to John 
Bell, on matters at Washington. Was called on to-day by 
Matthew F. Maury, of the Observatory, but was out, and did 
not see him ; regret it, as he is one of the few men here whom 
I desire to know intimately. Wrote to Sophie, and read 28th, 
29th and 30th chs. of Genesis, and went to bed at 12 o'clock. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 179 

December 11, 1859. — Got up and read morning papers ; went 
to church and heard an excellent Bermon from Dr. Sehon ; came 
home and wrote to Sophie — God bless her; read Slst, 32d, 33d, 
34th and 35th chs. of Genesis, then ate dinner, and came to my 
room, and sat until church time entertaining some friends. 
Went to hear a Mr. Patterson, of PhiladeljDhia, preach to-night ; 
he was dull and tedious, though a good man, doubtless. Since 
church I have written to the editor of the Franklin Review, 
ordering the paper here, and giving the news of the day here ; 
also wrote to B. D. Mottley, on a matter of business, in which 
he is much interested. Eead some of Proverbs, also 36th, 
37th, and 38th chs. of Genesis, and went to bed at 12 o'clock. 

Washington City, 

-Tk . TT-.^^ December 11, 1859. 

Dear Wife: — ' 

Have just returned from church; Dr. Sehon preached at 
the Southern Methodist Church — preached, too, a most excel- 
lent sermon — plain, strong, pathetic — made me cry. He is a 
good-hearted, christian gentleman ; he introduced me to Judge 
McLean, of the Supreme Court of the United States, who is a 
noble-looking old man; he invited me kindly to visit him, 
which I think I will do ; he is, you know, an active member of 
the Methodist Church — has been for more than forty years — 
may be, fifty. Lieut. Maury called to see me yesterday ; I was 
out at the time, and did not get to see him — was sorry, as he is 
one of the few men, here, whom I am desirous to know. 

What have you been at today? wi*ite and tell me. To-night 
I intend going again to church. Mr. McGavock, of JSTashville, 
has just been in to see me ; I showed him my pictures, and the 
first side of this letter ; also, my Bible, pointing his attention 
to what you wrote inside. Bless your dear heart, I have read 
it, and re-read it over and over again, until eveiy mark, and 
dot, letter and word, is as familiar to me, as is your own dear 
face. Kiss and squeeze our sweet little ones for pa, and give 
them, for me, a father's blessing. 

My love to father and mother, the boys and the children, and 
believe me, 

Your affectionate husband, 

E. Hatton. 



180 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

December 12, 1859. — Went this morning to the Land OflSce, on 
business, for Gr. W. Simpson, of "Williamson County ; went up 
into the Patent Office and spent half-an-hour ; went to the Cap- 
itol at 12 o'clock, then to the folding room, and ordered some 
public documents to be sent to my room ; was sent for by some 
Tennessee ladies to show them the Capitol ; did so. The House 
adjourned at about 5 o'clock, after there had been three or four 
very violent speeches made. Came to my room, wrote to Dr. 
Elmore Douglass, of Gallatin ; wrote also to Neal ; then direct- 
ed some eighty or one hundred public documents to certain of 
my constituents ; read 39th, 40th, 41st, and 42d chs. of Grenesis, 
and retired at 12 o'clock. 

December 13, 1859. — To-day was spent in reading newspapers, 
writing letters, and listening to the speeches of certain excitable 
gentlemen on the floor of the House ; I wrote to Neal and 
Spillers, and to Col. Hamilton, of Sumner County. Mr. McEae, 
of Mississippi, spoke to-day; was — his friends said — drunk; 
certainly made a donkey of himself Mr. Sickles also spoke ; I 
was sorry for the creature, though I felt a contem2)t for him ; 
came home at half-past five, to dinner ; came to my room — was 
disappointed in not getting a letter from home. Eead the 43d, 
44th, 45th and 46th chs. of Genesis, and went to bed at half- 
past 12 o'clock. 

December 14, 1859. — To-day has been exceedingly unpleasant 
— sleeting and snowing. Went to the Capitol early, and wrote 
a number of letters before the meeting of the House ; wrote to 
D. B. Mottley, Jim Eains, Spickard, and others ; the session 
was consumed by conclusion of McEae's speech, and by 
speeches from Carter and Yallandigham. Voted once for 
Speaker — same result as former ballotings; did not adjourn 
until after 6 o'clock, so missed our dinner entirely ; went up to 
McNeil's to see about Mi'S. Settle's furs. Eead 47th, 48th, 49th 
and 50th chs. of Genesis, and went to bed at 12 o'clock. 

December 15, 1859. — Ground was covei-ed with snow this 
morning — cold out doors; read papers; was again disappointed 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 181 

in not getting word from home — in no t getting a letter from Soph ie . 
Did get a letter from B., about Mrs. Shepherd's law suit, in which 
he said my family were ^^well; " House in usual confusion to- 
day ; speeches as usual ; had two ballots for Speaker, resulting 
as before ; it was thought to-day that Sherman would ultima- 
tely get help enough to be elected. No letter fi'om home to- 
night. Eead the 1st, 2d and 3d chs. of Exodus, and retired at 
1 o'clock, A. M. 

December 16, 1859. — Got a letter from Sophie this morning, 
which did me a great deal of good ; have read it until I almost 
know it by heart ; sat down and wrote her a long letter, thank- 
ing her for it. Eeceived letters from Barry, Wm. Hy Smith, 
and Dr. Wilkerson, each of which I answered. Gave Smith a 
letter in relation to the contest for Speaker, stating the vote of 
Gilmer, which was such as to have 'elected him, if the Demo- 
crats had united on him. Their refusal demonstrated that they 
were for the triumph of Democracy, and not to defeat Sher- 
man, but the twenty-three Southern Opposition men. Eead 
the 4th, 5th and 6th chs. of Exodus, and went to bed at 12 
o'clock. 

Hall House Eepresentatives, 

Washington City, Dec. 16, 1859. 
My Dear Wife: — 

I have just read your letter of the 11th. Thank you, 
darling, for the kindness that prompted it. I had got absolutely 
sick at waiting for a word from you; 'twas " hope deferred " 
with me. Do not let it be long again between letters ; I be- 
lieve you will not. 

This is our bridal day. Seven years ago our fortunes were 
united ; we were made one — one flesh, one in heart, I trust — be- 
lieve. Have just spoken to Btheridge about it — of your letter, 
of our marriage, of you, of our bright babes, of home, and how 
I longed once again to pass its threshold. God bless and guard 
you. You have heard a great deal of Washington and its 
vices ; and yet, I know no more about them than when 
I got here. Have been invited to drink a hundred times ; 
this is all the temptation I've had, and that has really 



182 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

been to me no temptation at all, as my pui-pose was fixed 
on this subject, before leaving home. I have not touched 
01" tasted one drop of any kind of spirits since I saw you — 
do not intend to during my absence from home, though I am 
the only one, so far as I know, the only Member of Congress, 
except Etheridge, that does not drink. 

Was invited to a party a few nights since ; did not go ; had 
no thought of going ; remained in my room, franking public 
documents to my constituents, and thinking of home. In all 
frankness, however, all my thoughts of home were not pleasant, 
and why? Because I had, as it seemed to me, not been written 
to as often as was reasonable. 

On yesterday I was called upon" here the letter ends, the 

balance having been torn off. 

December 17, 1859. — Got another letter from Sophie — a good 
long one, too. Have read it over, as if it was the only one I had 
gotten for a month. All were well but Many, who had been sick, 
but she was much better. Expected to have gone to the Smith- 
sonian Institute, but did not, on account of the weather. House 
met at 12 o'clock, and adjourned at 3^ o'clock. Had one ballot 
for Speaker — no election. Wrote to A. A. Hall and others, on 
condition of things here. Read newspapers, and backed 200 
of Nelson's speeches to my constituents. Eead 7th, 8th and 
9th chapters of Exodus, and went to bed at 1 o'clock, a. m. 

December 18, 1859. — Got up and found the Sun shining out 
beautifull}^. Got breakfast, read my letters, and went to church 
— to the Southern Methodist church. Heard a xavy good prac- 
tical sermon from the 7th verse of the 4th ch. of Paul to the 
Corinthians — 2d Epistle: "But we have this treasure in earthen 
vessels, that the excellency of the power may be of God, and 
not of us." After preaching, subscribed $25 towards paying the 
preacher. After dinner, had compan}^ until time for church. 
Went again to the same church, and heard a continuation of the 
same subject. Came home and read the 10th, 11th and 12th 
chs. of Exodus, and retired at 12 o'clock. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 18c 



December 19, 1859. — Eeceived by mail this morning, letter 
from Geo. W. Allen, on the subject of pension for old man Bear- 
den. Sent it to Commissioner of Pensions for inspection and 
report. Wrote to Allen. Got letter from John B. Peyton and 
answered it, and sent copies of Everett's, Lincoln's and Cush- 
ing's speeches, to his father. Got, also, letter from John Martin, 
of Kansas, and answered it, advising to go ahead and not be 
discouraged. House met at usual hour, and held until 5 — no 
Speaker elected. Bocock withdrew his name, and the Demo- 
cracy split up their vote among half-a-dozen. Got large num- 
ber of letters this evening, approving of the position assumed 
by the Southern Opposition. Eead the 13th, 14th and 15th chs. 
of Exodus, and retired at 1 o'clock. 

December 20. — Went to the Capitol at 10 o'clock, and wrote to 

H. K. Walker, Jno. Spinks, T B , and Ira P. Jones. 

Sent Eules of House to Jno. Spinks, and copy of Patent Office 
reports (m.) to Mr. Marshall, at Middleton. Sent list of mem- 
bers of House to all the newspapers in my District. Wrote to 
Balie; also sent a number of papers off — one to Mr. Riddle. 
The House met at 12 o'clock and adjourned at 4^ o'clock, p. m. 
The session was taken up in foolish speaking, and ineffectual 
voting for Speaker. Boteler got as high as 43 votes to-day — 23 
Opposition and the balance Democrats. Went to Opposition 
caucus to-night. Met Mr. Conrad, of La., Mr. A. H. H. Stew- 
art, of Ya., Erastus Brooks, of IST. Y., and other distinguished 
men, there. Read 16th, 17th and 18th chs. of Exodus, and re- 
tired. 

December 21, 1859. — Wrote to-day to mother, to Jno. Harlan, 
of Sumner Co., sending him the Globe; also wrote to Don Cam- 
eron, in reference to the Speakership. 

To-day there was a split in our little camp — some of our party 
going ovef to the Democratic candidate, who was put in nom- 
ination by one of our own men, Mr. Boteler, of Ya. A heated 
and angry debate was carried on between Burnett, of Ky., and 
Etheridge, Hill and Anderson. Only one ballot was had for 
Speaker, which resulted in no election. There is great feeling 



184 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

among our friends. To-morrow I trust they will all unite again 
on one of our own men. Eead 19th, 20th and 2l8t chs. of Exo- 
dus, and retired at 1 o'clock, a. m." 

December 22, 1859. — "Wrote to mother this morning. Sent 
papers to John Peyton, Mr. Eiddle, Tarver, Gen. Anderson and 
others. No election of Speaker yet. Gilmer got 36 votes to- 
day, our entire vote going to him, and some eleven or twelve of 
the Northern Opposition. The Democrats did not give him a 
vote, demonstrating that they prefer a Eepublican to one of our 
men. There was the greatest excitement among the Democrats, 
when they discovered that we could get votes enough from the 
North to elect Gilmer, with their vote. They saw the light in 
which a refusal then to vote for him, would place them. Wrote 
to Neal and Hy. Smith. I spent this evening at the residence 
of Henry Winter Davis, of Maryland, where I met a number of 
friends. He and lady are accomplished and elegant people. 
He is the greatest man in Congress. Eead 22d, 23d and 24th 
chs. of Exodus, and retired at 1 o'clock. 

December 23, 1859. — Wrote to sister Mary, from whom I got 
a letter this morning. Also sent her some papers. Wrote to 
Sophie and sent some papers to Johnnie. Also wrote to Dr. 
Kingston Goddard, of Cincinnati. Sent a number of Globes to 
persons in my District. The session of the House was prolong- 
ed to a late hour, most of the time being consumed in a discus- 
sion between Farnsworth, of 111., and others, in which he made 
a great fool of himself Mr. Nelson denounced the Editors of 
the States as guilty of falsehood, &c. Was called on to-day by 
Harrison, of Nashville, to whom I intrusted the attention of 
some business at Nashville. Eead the 25th, 26th and 27th chs. 
of Exodus, and retired at 12^ o'clock. 

Washington City, D. C, 

December 23, 1859. 
Dear Wipe : — 

I have now spent several days without writing to you — 

satisfying myself with wi'iting to Balie and mother. Can't keep 

from talking to you directly. I am suffering under the strong- 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 185 

est and most violent attack of "Home-sick." Am tired of this 
city — heartily tired of it. "Want to be away. Have been in- 
vited out several times. Went last night with Harris, of Mary- 
land, Stokes, and G-ov. Gilmer, to the residence of Henry Winter 
Davis, the member from Baltimore. He is living in most ele- 
gant style. Is very wealthy, and spends his money freely, in 
having around him the luxuries of high life. Saw Mrs. Davis 
and the wife of Mr. Harris, of Md. Sat in the drawing-room 
with the ladies an hour, when, according to what seems to be a 
fashion in Washington, we retired to a room where wines and 
cigars were supplied in abundance. I sat with them, but, of 
course, did not smoke or drink. The only exception in the 
company. Never expect to taste any kind of spiritous liquors. 
I can see that there is imminent danger in it — no good in it. 
It is the principal business of many men here. 

When are you going to write again to me ? After what I 
have written already, it is unnecessary to add more. Bless 
3^our dear hearts, you are my constant thought — morning, night 
and day. My heart is not in Washington, hence I cannot be 
content here. Tell Eeilly and Many that pa would give any- 
thing to spend the Christmas with them. * * * >!< * ^ 

Will write again to-morrow. 

Your affectionate husband, 

E. Hatton. 

December 24, 1859. — House met at the usual hour, and its 
time spent, as usual, in foolish speeches, made for home con- 
sumption. Got a letter from Mr. Eiddle, informing me that 
Mag had sent me a robe-de-chambre, by Adams Express. De- 
lighted at the news, as I needed it. Called at Express office, 
but it had not come to hand ; get it to-morrow. Wrote to So- 
phie, and sent some pictures of the public buildings, here, to 
Eeilly and Many, for a Christmas present. This evening — 
Chrismas Eve — I have spent in franking documents; hard 
work. Oh, that I was at home, with the dear ones, there ! It 
J8 fated otherwise. Well, it shall not be long so. Eead 28th, 
29th and 30th chapters of Exodus, and retired at 1 o'clock. 



186 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

December 25. — Christmas — 1859. This has been a quiet 
Christmas, to me — the most quiet of my life — at least, since I 
have been old enough to know what Christmas was. It has 
been so exceedingly cold, that I did not go out to church at all. 
Have spent all day in my room, writing, and reading, and 
talking. Got a long letter from Sophie, this morning, which 
was a most welcome present. I have read it over until I almost 
see every line of it, so familiar to my mind are its contents. I 
wrote a letter to her, in answer, eight pages long. Wrote to 
Gov. Campbell, H. B. Yaughn, W. H. Wise, Nashville News. 
Franked a speech, of Nelson, to some of my friends. For last 
hour have been sitting alone, thinking of Some! Read 31st, 
32d and 33d chapters of Exodus, and went to bed at 12:30 
o'clock. 

Here follows his Christmas letter to his wife : 

Washington City, D. C, 

Christmas Day, 1859. 
My Dear Wife: — 

Thank you, darling, for the present received from you, 
this morning — a long and affectionate letter. I went into the 
breakfast room, and sent the servant down for my mail. He 
brought me, with a bundle of others, your kind letter. Coffee 
and bread were pushed aside, and I read it over — part of it, 
twice, before eating another bite. Never did I so highly prize 
a Christmas present. Thank you, Sophie. 

You speak of not having received a letter from me, for a 
week. This is singular. No two days have passed — consecu- 
tive days — since I got here, without my writing to you, until 
the days on which I wrote to Balie and to mother. Presume 
the stray letters will come up, yet. In all frankness, I have 
felt badly at your not writing to me more frequently. John 
has acted badly, in not writing to me. He has not so much as 
acknowledged the reception of pajDcrs and documents sent to 
him. 

That part of your letter, in which you spoke of Reilly and 
Many talking of their pa, made me cryj with my napkin I 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 187 

wiped my moistened eyes, and as fervently as did ever any one, 
at any time, in my heart, say, "God bless and preserve my wife 
and babes." I mailed to the children, on yesterday, some prints 
(pictures), which I bought of a boy at the Capitol, of the seve- 
ral public buildings here; hope they will please them. The 
prints are exceedingly correct and striking representations of 
the buildings and grounds about them. Will continue to send 
the sweet little fellows such things as I imagine will please 
them. From what I can gather, they think more of me than 
any one else does. How does Eeilly come on, learning? Tell 
him he must learn "a heap," by the time he sees pa. Can he 
and Many say their prayers, yet ? 

You need have no fears of my getting into a difficulty; have 
no occasion for difficulties with any one ; all sides are courting 
us. One of the Mississippi members was, a few days ago, re- 
ported as having denounced our party; but, on our calling on 
him, he promptly repudiated the sentiments attributed to him — 
stating, on the floor of the House, that he regarded our party 
just as patriotic, and as true to the South, as his own. The only 
class that is in any danger of difficulties, is that class who drink 
whisky. Unfortunately, this class is a good large one. I have 
nothing to do with these men. 

I will look up the pieces of music that Many wants, and 
send them to her. Hope she may manifest the same taste for 
music that Eeilly exhibits. Since writing the last sentence, I 
have been wretchedly bored by some members, who had nothing 
on hand but idle trash. They were taking Christmas, they 
said. I have not been out of the house to-day. It is so cold, 
that I fear the wind, which, I learn, is piercing. Washington 
is the windiest j^lace I ever saw — blowing almost the whole 
time. I have written a number of letters, to-day, to Tennessee. 
Eeceived one, this morning, from Gov. Campbell, in which he 
spoke very approvingly of the course pursued bj' the Southern 
Ojiposition, in the Speaker contest, in the House. My corre- 
spondence is getting burdensome to me. Have to write, often, 
as many as ten and fifteen letters a day. And now, if after 
doing all this, I write every other day to you, have I not a right 
to expect frequent letters from home? I have not gone into 



188 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

society, jot, exccj^t to take tea at Mrs. McNeal's. Got out of 
going with the girls to the Smithsonian Institute, by pleading 
business; am not clear out. 

Last night, there was great visiting and drinking of wine, 
among the guests in the hotel, here. As I am not a ladies' man, 
I was not "in." Have been invited by Wright and Avery 
(Tennessee members) to go into the parlor, and see their wives, 
but have not done so. Have not been in the parlors since I 
came here; have no disposition to go. Of* one thing I am sat- 
isfied — there is no necessit}^ for one's being a fool, and flying 
about any more, here, than at any other place. Etheridge and 
I are just acrosss a passage, from each other, and neither of us 
go out of the house, save on business. Stokes is pretty much 
the same way. I like Stokes better than any of my colleagues. 
He is a true man — reliable. Many men are not, whom the 
world so regard. 

I was glad to hear that you had gotten the Beckwith money, 
as I was getting uneasy lest j'ou were needy, and I had none to 
send you. Cannot get a cent, until the organization of the 
House; and, when that will be, no man can conjecture. Do 
not think, however, of sending money to me. I will get along, 
without difficulty. I will continue at this hotel. It is thejmost 
private place one can get, unless they go oiit of the way, into 
the suburbs of the city. It costs, too, just about the same. 

Tell all the negroes, howdy, for me. Was sorry to hear Ann 
Avas suffering so much, with her leg. Will feel much relieved 
when I hear that Aunt Eachel is at home, with you, to relieve 
you of the labor of nursing, so constantly. Why don't you 
make Ann help you more? Tell John I am much obliged to 
him, for reading to you, even if he won't write to me. Say to 
Balie, that I will exi)ect frequent letters from him. Mother's 
letter was a treat to me. When I got it, I had not heard from 
home, for a week. Tell father that I have directed some docu- 
ments to him, at Gallatin. Tell him to write to me, and tell me 
what the people around his circuit say of our doings, here. 
Kiss the children for me, and believe me, 

Your affectionate husband, 

R. Hatton. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 189 

December 26, 1859. — Went by Express office, this morning, 
and found my robe, from Mag. It is a most elegant and excel- 
lent one. Went to the Capitol, and sent off a number of papers. 
Wrote to the Post-Office Department, about the appointment of 
W. H. Wise ; also, sent Barry's pa2)ers to Mr. Edwards, of this 
city, for inspection. Sent off five hundred copies of Gilmer's 
speech, to-day. House sat until about 4 o'clock, and adjourned, 
without a ballot — Gov. Smith still holding on to the floor ; he 
began on Friday. Wrote a long letter to Mag, thanking her 
for her handsome present. Wrote to Pennebaker, about Jerry, 
and to W. T. Byrn, about Congressional Globe, agreeing to send 
it to him. Eead S-Jtth, 35th and 36th chapters of Exodus, and 
retired at 12:30 o'clock, a. m. 

December 27, 1859. — Went to Capitol early and wrote to 
H. K. Walker, and to W. H. Dismukes, both of Davidson county. 
Franked a number of documents and speeches. House ad- 
journed without a ballot, at 4J o'clock. Came home and franked 
a number of Patent Office Eeports — some Agricultural, and 
some Mechanical. Wrote to Northcott and W. L. McLemore, 
asking the names of men to send the Mechanical part of Pat- 
ent Office Report to, in their counties. Wrote a letter of eight 
j)ages to Sophie, giving her some idea of Washington life — its 
follies and its vanities. Went down stairs to put my letter in 
the mail, and met a U. S. Senator drunk ! Read last 4 chs. of 
Exodus, and retired at 1 o'clock, a. m. 

Washington City, D. C, 

Decernber 27, 1859. 
My Dear Sophie : — 

It is 12 o'clock. Before retiring for the night, however, 
I must say a word to you. I am well — very well. Am heavier 
by 3 pounds than I was the day I left home. Have been 
troubled a little with a pain in my left breast; not much, how- 
ever. Eat quite heartily — as much as usual. Am exceedingly 
cautious of myself — have never yet gone out but once without 
my overcoat. The weather has not been any colder here, than 
in Tennessee. Indeed, I doubt whether it has been as cold. 



190 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

My greatest difficulty is, a want of exercise. I rarely go out of 
the hotel, except to go to the Capitol. So much, Sophie, for my 
health and habits, of which you desired I should speak. 

I got a letter from Pennebaker, about Jerry. I wrote to him 
that he could not get him for less than 8150 for the year, and 
from the way he wrote, he will be unwilling to give that sum. 
So Jerry will stay at home. Let him and Anderson cut and 
get up enough wood to do all winter ; then go to hauling brick. 

* ^ * I received yesterday a beautiful present from Mag in 
the shape of a robe de chambre. It is exceedingly comfortable, 
and the handsomest thing of the kind, I have seen. It came in 
good time. I needed one very much. It is all of woolen mate- 
rial — very fine, and elegantly finished. I wrote a long letter 
thanking her for it. 

I have to-night finished Exodus. Have regularly read every 
verse from the 1st of Genesis to the end of Exodus. I read at 
least 3 chs. every day, or night before going to bed. Am trjnng 
to do the best I can. To-day, at dinner, two U. S. Senators 
sent to my seat a bottle of wine with their compliments, request- 
ingmeto "join them." I quietly declined, thanking them, and 
saying, I did not drink any kind of spirits. This is a daily 
thing. They will soon all find out that I do not drink, and then I 
will be freed from any annoj^ance. One of those Senators who 
sent his wine to me to-day, when I refused, begged my pardon, 
saying he then remembered I had told him I did rjot drink any- 
thing. Two-thirds of the members drink wine at every dinner. 
Yesterday I was completely disgusted at their drinking, during 
the session of the House. A large number of them were drunk 
and acting the fool completely. Gov. Smith, of Ya., who con- 
sumed the day in a long speech, drank three tumblers of egg-nog, 
while speaking, taking from the hands of the page, and drink- 
ing it in presence of the House. A pretty spectacle ! 

I have been invited into the parlors repeatedly by members 
to see their ftimilies. Have not been in at all. Don't expect to 
be soon. Received a card inviting me to the residence of one 
of the members this evening. Did not go. Stayed at home, and 
have spent the time in writing letters and franking documents. 
This latter business is exceedingly hard work — no end to it 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 191 

Have franked ah'eady more than 1200. Have never worked 
more constantly than since I have been here. To do all that 
my constituents and others want done, keeps me constantly en- 
gaged. I have promptly answered every letter 1 have received 
since I have been here. Now, havn't I given you enough of 
myself to-night? Kiss our dear sweet babes for pa, and tell 
them he thinks of them a thousand times a day. Will send 
them something for New Year's present. Did their pictures 
come safely to hand ? My love to mother, father, John and 
Balie, and say to them, that I suppose they will write to me 
when they get in the notion. I wrote to Mary last week, in 
answer to a letter I received from her. 

Good night, and may Grod guard you and ours, is the earn- 
est prayer of 

Your affectionate husband, 

E. Hatton. 

December 28, 1859. — Got up and found the ground covered 
with snow this morning — the' wind blowing cold. Went to 
Capitol — read my mail. Letter from Balie, one from Tim Wil- 
liams, one from Col. McCullough in reference to Nelson's speech. 
Wrote to Swaney, of Sumner county, in reference to Mrs. Yin- 
cent's application for Land Warrant. Also, wrote to the Land 
Office on same subject. In the House our party were taken by 
surprise by an ill advised move of Mr. Brabson, nominating 
Horace Maynard, who could not get one vote, much less a suffi- 
cient Democratic vote to elect him. Read first three chapters of 
Leviticus, and retired at 12 o'clock. 

December 29, 1859. — Wrote to Balie this morning in answer 
to his letter received yesterday. Ordered Globe and Appendix 
to be sent to Byrn, of Sumner county. Wrote to G. W. Allen, 
of Gallatin, enclosing letter from Commissioner of Patents, in 
relation to the application of Beason for pension. Also, wrote 
to W. H. Wise, and to Thos. Watson in regard to Postmaster 
at Saundersville, enclosing letter from 1st Ass't. P. M. G. Hot 
words passed between Grow, of Pa., and Branch of N. C, in 



192 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

the House to-day, which, I learn, has resulted in B's challenging 
Grow. Eesult not known yet. Wrote to John to-night, be- 
sides franking some 300 sj^eeches. Eead 4th, 5th, and 6th 
chapters of Leviticus, and retired at 12| o'clock. 

December 30, 1859. — To-day was spent in the House, in a de- 
bate between the Pennsylvania members about the Tariff of 
1846, and in a profitless discussion about an adjournment until 
Tuesday-week. Wrote a number of letters to persons in my 
District ; wi'ote to Mary, also to Johnnie, from both of whom I 
received letters this morning. House adjourned at 4 o'clock, 
until Tuesday, at 12 o'clock. Came home and spent the eve- 
ning and night in reading papers, and writing. At half -past 
12 o'clock went to bed, having first read the 7th, 8th and 9th 
chs. of Leviticus. My head was aching, from effects of a bad 
cold, with which I have been troubled four days. 

December 31, 1859. — Sj)ent to day in my room, there being no 
session of the House. Franked *a number of documents to per- 
sons in my District. Wrote N. D. Cross and H. H. Harrison, 
of ]S''ashville, in relation to the Barry suit. Among my visitors 
at my room to-day, was Lieut. Matthew F. Maury, who sat an- 
hour-and-a-half with me; he is exceedingly modest and quiet, 
but pleasant and entertaining. Was invited out to dine to-day 
— declined to go, because I didn't icant to go ; to-night I have 
been reading, and have written a letter ten pages long to Sophie. 
Eead the 10th, 11th and 12 chs. of Leviticus, and went to bed 
at 1 o'clock, A. M., tired and half sick with cold. 

January 1, 1860. — Went to Southern Methodist Church, to- 
day, and heard the regular minister — Mr. Proctor — preach. He 
is a plain, earnest man, who seems to be trying to do good, 
rather than make a show in the pulpit. It was very cold ; I 
really suffered, in going to, and returning from, meeting. Sat 
by Senator Tombs, of Georgia ; he is a profane, wicked man, 
yet has great apparent respect for the Church. He was a most 
attentive listener, during the whole sermon. After my return 
home, I read several chapters in the Bible ; wrote to Eeilly, and 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT IIATTON. 193 

sent him a picture-book. Oh, how I wish I was at home, with 
the dear ones, there! Eead 13tli, 14tli and 15th chapters in 
Leviticus, and retired at 12 o'clock. 

January 2, 1860. — It is very cold — has been, all day. "Wrote 
to Mr. Bell, in answer to his letter of the 27th of December. 
Enclosed to mother, the J^Tew York Mentor containing Irving's 
ai'ticle, from the Srcap Book, on the wife ; also, enclosed in 
same wrapper, the Carrier's Address for the Intelligencer, Sent 
Eeilly some pictures. Wrote to J. Y. Blythe, in reference to 
tea plant, to politics, and religion'; also, sent him a paper, 
with a piece of poetry marked, for himself, and an article in 
prose, for Mrs. Blythe — Irving's "Picture of the True Wife." 
A fashionable "hop," here, at Brown's Hotel, to-night; great 
crowd of gay people, I learn, are in the pai'lors. At 1 o'clock, 
they are still going ahead. Eead 16th, 17th and 18th chapters 
of Leviticus. 

January 3, 1860. — Still exceedingly cold. The ground is cov- 
ered with snow, some six inches deep. The pavements are, 
however, cleared off, and the walking is good. Mr. Cox, of 
Ohio, made a speech to-day, in the course of which he said, if it 
had not been for John Brown's raid, the Southern Opposition 
and Eepublican parties would have been, before then, united 
on that floor. I rose, and told him it was false. He attempted 
to explain out of it, but failed — took the lie, and seated himself. 
He is a dirty dog — destitute of principle and courage. Read 
the 19th, 20th and 21st chapters of Leviticus, and retired at 12 
o'clock. 

January 4, 1860. — Still very cold ; find it severe on me, when 
out-doors, though it does not injure my health, which is very 
fine, indeed, as compared with what I might expect in such a 
climate. In looking at the Globe, this morning, I discovered 
that Mr. Cox had so altered the notes of the reporters, as to 
almost entirely alter the sense of what he said. His purpose 
was, to cover up his disgrace, in submitting to the charge of 
13 



194 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

falsehood. He is a poor scrub. Eead the 22d, 23d and 24th 
chapters of Leviticus, and retii'ed at 1 o'clock, a. m. 

January 5, 1860. — To-day, I have sjient in writing letters, 
and listening to dull sj)eeches — dull, not for want of fire, but 
for want of the right sort of fire. The Helper book, and John 
Brown's raid, are still the burden of nearly all the speeches. 
Wrote to Esq. McClain in relation to the brick; and, also, 
wrote to father, giving him the condition of things, here. To- 
night has been spent in the company of Balie Peyton, Mr. 
Harvey, and others, in my room. The subjects were, politics, 
the election of Speaker, John Bell, etc. Eead 25th, 26th and 
27th chapters of Leviticus, and retired at 12:30 o'clock. 

January 6, 1860. — Franked fifty numbers of the Congressional 
Globe., to persons in my District. "Wrote to Sophie, giving form 
of my address. The day was taken up, as usual, in a foolish 
debate upon the negro question — old extracts from newspapers 
and books of Helper, and others, repeated over, for the fiftieth 
time. No advance toward an organization. Balie Peyton still 
here; goes, to-morrow, to Philadelphia, with Jesse Peyton, to 
remain until the 14th — the day of the Peyton dinner, there. 
Read Ist and 2d chapters of Numbers. 

January 7, 1860. — Sent off, to-day, a number of Haskins' 
speech ; also, wrote to A. J. Swaney, of Sumner county, inform- 
ing him of the success of Mrs. Winston's petition for land war- 
rant. "Wrote to Richard Beard, Jr., in relation to appointment 
at West Point. Wrote to Balie Peyton, Jr., in reference to law 
books. The session of the House was consumed, pretty much, 
by a speech by Stokes. He did very well — made a good im- 
pression. Davis, of Indiana, nominated Mr. Hamilton, of 
Texas, who got 89 votes ; Sherman, 103; Gilmer, 14; balance, 
scattering. Read 3d, 4th and 5th chapters of Numbers. 

January 8, 1860. — To-day, I have not been well — bad head- 
ache, and pain in my limbs. Did not go to church, but staj^ed 
in my room, lying about on my bed, reading and sleeping. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 195 

Thought of home, more than ever, since I have been here. 
Eead 6th, 7th and 8th chapters of Numbers. 

January 9, 1860. — Am still feeling badly, from severe cold. 
Do nothing but lie about — barely able to be up. Eead no chap- 
ter at all. 

January 10, 1860. — "Wright spoke to-day. Made a good elec- 
tioneering speech ; but it was low, and unworthy of a member 
of Congress, showing more of the deniagogue than of the 
statesman. Have a notion to reply to him, as he did Stokes 
injustice. Eead 9th, 10th and 11th chapters of Numbers. 

January 11, 1860. — Wright's speech did not appear in the 
Globe, this morning. He is remodeling, or, as I am informed, 
re-writing it — will be out to-morrow. He has asked me not to 
reply to it 'till I see it revised. "Will not, as he wants to alter it. 
Eead 12th, 13th and 14th chapters of Numbers. 

January 12, 1860. — Saw Wright's speech, to-day, but could 
not secure the floor. Will get it to-morrow, and notice it briefly, 
and the condition of the contest going on in the House. Will 
show up the thing in its true light. Eead 15th, 16th and 17th 
chapters of Numbers. 

January 13, 1860. — Spoke to-day, in the House; was on the 
floor for two hours. Much of the time was consumed, however, 
in colloquies with members, on side issues. Spoke without 
preparation, and consequently, did not do myself justice. Eead 
18th, 19th and 20th chapters of Numbers. 

We here introduce the speech of Mr. Hatton, in order that 
the reader may judge for himself, as to whether Mr. H. did 
himself justice. It is as follows: 



196 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 



ORGANIZATION OF THE HOUSE. 
SPEECH OF THE HON. EOB'T HATTON, 

OF TENNESSEE. 
In the House of RErKESENiATivEs, January 13, 1860. 

Mr. Hatton. Believing, sir, that the discussion which lias been progress- 
ing in this House for nearly six weeks, has been, so far as an organization 
is concerned, wholly profitless, it has been my fixed purpose not to partici- 
pate in it. This purpose has been well known to gentlemen upon this side 
of the House, and was not changed until after I heard the speech of my 
colleague, Mr. Wright.] I think proper now to submit a few remarks to 
the House. 

Who is responsible for the delay in the organization of this body ? I am 
not. The party with which it is my pride and pleasure here to act, is not. 
Those gentlemen, or a number of them, who have undertaken to speak for 
the Democratic party, have roundly asserted that their party was not respons- 
ible for it. The distinguished gentleman from Mississippi, [Mr. McRea,] 
struck the key-note, and it has been caught up by other gentlemen, and two 
of my colleagues have repeated it. Distinguishing, Mr. Clerk, between the 
arguments of these gentlemen and the gentlemen themselves, I am sure they 
will not consider me discourteous when I say that their reasoning has scarcely 
risen above respectable sophistry. 

What is the object which they claim to be so anxious to attain? The de- 
feat of Mr. Sherman. That, they would have the country to understand, is 
the paramount consideration with them. Their denunciations of his party 
and its policy, have been bitter. In the contemplation of his election they 
have grown indignant and eloquent. The triumph of Republicanism in his 
election, will, they say, put in peril the lives and property of our constitu- 
encies. The rights and honor of the South, they declare, must be vindicated 
by his defeat. 

Now, if they desire to accomplish this great end ; if the defeat of the Re- 
publican party is their great object; I submit it to them that they should 
adopt the means by which that object can be effected. In the common affairs 
of life, when men decline to do the only thing by which they can attain a 
given end, the world is apt to think that they do not want to accomplish it. 

Now, Mr Clerk, can Mr. Sherman be defeated ? If he can, is there more 
than one way by which that can be done ? If there be but one Avaj', and 
Democrats decline to follow in that track, the country will say that they are 
not much in earnest. Can any regular Democrat — one of the ninety on this 
side of the House — be elected ? It is admitted in argument that the votes of 
the regular Democracy and of the Southern Opposition party cannot elect. 

Mr. Smith, of Va. I desire to say that the Southern Opposition and the 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 197 

Democratic party proper, combined, do not constitute a majority of tlie House; 
but if they unite, we will be certain to get enough from the other small party 
to elect. 

Mr. Hatton. Aha! [Laughter.] Meaning no disrespect to the distin- 
guished gentleman from Virginia, I repeat "aha!" He indorses what I have 
said, that the regular Democracy and the Southern Opposition party cannot 
elect. The gentleman from Mississippi, [Mr. McRae,] in his argument, ad- 
dressed to the House some weeks ago, stated such to be the case. But he said 
that, if the friends of the South would join their shields with the regular 
Democracy, some refractory members of the Democratic party would be- 
brought into position. I do not intend to make any remarks that will render 
it necessary for any one of the anti-Lecompton Democrats to interrupt me ; 
but I will suggest that, when the gentleman from Mississippi, [Mr. Davis,] 
rose in bis place the other day, and said that, so soon as the Southern Oppo- 
sition party took position with the regular Democracy, those anti-Lecompton 
men would come instantly and take their position with us, and make an 
election, one of those gentlemen got up and said : 

" Without meaning any disrespect to the gentleman, he is assuming what 
he has no right to assume." 

The House will recollect that. 

I wish to make another suggestion. When the gentleman from Virginia, 
[Mr. Boteler,] nominated his colleague, [Mr. Millson,] it was supposed by 
many members that there was about to be a union of the regular Democracy 
and the Southern Opposition party. It was then announced by one ot the 
anti-Lecompton Democrats, [Mr. Clark, of New York,] that an election could 
not be had on that gentleman. Now, I say to the honorable gentleman from 
Mississippi, that he must excuse us from going into a series of experiments 
on members of his own party, to ascertain how they will vote. When some 
gentleman of that party can rise in his place and say, by authority, that he 
can promise votes enough, with ours, to elect a Democrat, then, and not till 
then, can there be any propriety in the invitation which they extend to us to 
join our votes to theirs. 

Now, Mr. Clerk, there cannot be an election by the union of the Southern 
Opposition and the regular Democracy ; and so far as our going to the De- 
mocracy is concerned, until there can be an election by their party on re- 
ceiving our votes, for my single self, meaning no unkindness to anybody, I 
decline to vote with them. I have reasons which are satisfactory to myself, 
for this course, with which, for the present, it is unnecessary to trouble this 
House. 

The Southern Opposition cannot elect a regular Democrat if they give him 
their entire vote. This is a fact, about which there is no necessity of argu- 
ment. But is there any way by which Mr. Shei-man, the candidate of the 
Republican party, can be defeated? There is no way except for " Southern and 
national men to rise in their majesty," as a Democratic member has told us 



198 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

to do, and, disregarding petty political distinctions, to unite upon Mr, Gilmer, 
or some one of the Southern Opposition party. Now, when a man comes to 
me, as many have done, and says, "we are all Southern men ; between us 
there is but a slight diiference of opinion, and that upon immaterial ques- 
tions," I meet him kindly ; but when it is announced in argument, that it 
will not do to elect a Southern Know-Nothing, to use the courteous and ele- 
gant phraseology of my colleague, I doubt very much — 

Mr. Wright. I want to know of my colleague if his party in Tennessee 
are not known by that more than by any other name ? 

Mr. Hatton. It was stated to my colleague the other day, that we ignored 
that expression, and that the name we have applied to ourselves, is the 
Southern Opposition. Now, your party is sometimes called the Locofoco 
party, but I do not, on this floor, choose to so characterize it. 

Mr. Wright. I ask my colleague if, before his party made the last change 
of name, it was not known as the Know-Nothing party? 

Mr. Hatton, I will have no argument with my colleague about the ex- 
pression to which I have made reference. I alluded in pleasantry to the 
name he chose to give me; I care nothing about it; I certainly have no feel- 
ing about it; and if he will just keep quiet, I will proceed with my remarks. 

Mr. Wright. I desire simply to say that in terming my colleague's party 
with the Know-Nothing party, I meant no disrespect at all, either to him or 
to any member of his party; and I interrupted him now only because I 
thought he did not treat me with proper courtesy in referring to what he 
termed my elegant and courteous phrase, in a sneering way, 

Mr. Hatton. Very well, I hope the gentleman will, in future, class us as 
the Southern Opposition. Now, sir, to return to the argument, which has 
been slightly broken in upon by my colleague's interruptions. I repeat that 
there is no mode but one by which any member in this body can be elected 
over Mr. Sherman, I propose to show that on three several occasions this 
could have been done, had the Democratic party given us their votes. Upon 
the 16th day of December there was a ballot, in which were cast two hun- 
dred and twenty-seven votes; one hundred and fourteen were necessary to 
elect, of which Mr. Gilmer, of the State of North Carolina, received thirty- 
six votes ; Mr. Bocock received eighty-six votes, making in all one hundred 
and twenty-two — eight more than was necessary for an election. Upon the 
22d day of the same month, a ballot was had, in which two hundred and 
twenty-three votes were cast — one hundred and twelve necessary to a choice. 
Mr. Millson received seventj'-ninc, and Mr. Gilmer received thirly-six, and 
there were five scattering Democratic votes, making in all, one hundred and 
twenty — eight more than was necessary to an election. Upon the 9th day of 
the present month, a ballot was had, in which two hundred and nineteen 
votes were cast; one hundred and ten being necessary to an election. Mr. 
Hamilton received eighty-eight, Mr. Gilmer twenty-two, Mr. Stokes one; in 
all, one hundred and eleven — one more than was necessarv to elect, Mr. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 199 

Gilmer, on these ballotings, was receiving the votes of members from New 
Jersey and Pennsylvania, putting it in the power of the Democracy to elect 
him if they had felt dispoi-ed. 

Mr. Smith, of Virginia. The gentleman will permit me to remark right 
here, that if Mr. Gilmer's vote on that last ballot had been cast for Mr. 
Hamilton, he would now have been Speaker of this House. 

Mr. Hatton. I thank the gentleman very much for the interruption, be- 
cause it enables me to make a remark in relation to a statement made the 
other day, by the gentleman from Alabama, [Mr. Houston,] which I might 
otherwise have forgotten. The gentleman stated that, upon this ballot, those 
who voted for Mr. Gilmer, could have come within one vote of electing Mr. 
Hamilton. But the gentleman did not take into consideration the fact that 
the votes of Mr. Nixon, of New Jersey, and Mr. Morris, of Pennsylvania, 
were included in Mr. Gilmer's vote, and that those gentlemen do not belong 
to the Southern Opposition. 

Ml'. Houston. I am sure the gentleman would not misrepresent me. 

Mr. Hatton. Certainly not. 

Mr. Houston. Then I will correct the gentleman, by saying that the vote 
to which I referred was on Saturday; and that upon that vote Mr. Nixon 
and Mr. Moi'ris did not vote for Mr. Gilmer. 

Mr. Hatton. Then I beg the gentleman's pardon. He has set himself 
right. But on the ballot to which he refers, the vote of Mr. Gilmer would 
not have elected Mr. Hamilton, falling short one vote. 

Mr. Logan. I desire to say a single word. 

Mr, Hatton. I do hope, Mr. Clerk, that unless I misstate the position of 
gentlemen, or unless 1 misstate the facts, I shall not be interrupted. 

Mr. Logan. If the gentleman will allow me to^^ explain, I will not detain 
him but a minute. 

Mr. Hatton. If I have misstated any fact, I will allow the gentleman to 
correct me; but, sir, I have not interrupted any gentleman during this dis- 
cussion, and I do not like to be interrupted, unless I misstate facts. 

Mr. Logan. I will not interrupt the gentleman; but I desire to say in 
explanation — 

Mr. Hatton. I icant no explanation, 

Mr. Logan. What I desired to refer to was the position of the Democratic 
party in the North-west, and particularly in the State from which I come. 

Mr Hatton. I do not want to discuss the politics of the gentleman's dis- 
trict or State. It has nothing to do with my argument ; and the gentleman 
will excuse me if I decline to be interrupted, I do not mean to be unkind 
to the gentleman, with whom I have not the honor of an acquaintance. 

Now, Mr. Clerk, it is demonstrated that the united vote cast for the Demo- 
cratic candidate, and the vote cast for the candidate of the Southern Oppo- 
sition, would have elected a Southern man over John Sherman. Here is a 
point in my argument where I choose to rest for one moment. I submit to 



200 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

Democrats whether it is possible that the great Democratic party, (which to 
use the language of its prophets and apostles, is the only hope of the South, 
of the Union, and of the Constitution,) is indifferent between the election of 
John Sherman and a Southern man, Mr. Gilmer, who has been declared by 
gentlemen of the Democratic party in all his personal relations of life, to be 
above reproach; who is distinguished for his high moral and social qualities; 
and who is, I understand, the largest slaveholder in this body. Is it possible, 
sir, that this great Democratic party is indifferent between his election and 
the election of Mr. Sherman, "the indorser," as they style him, "of the 
Helper book" — a book in which our Democratic friends say, and I agree with 
them, thei'e are doctrines at war with the Union, the Constitution, and the 
rights and honor of the South? 

My colleague, [Mr. Avery,] in the argument he addressed to the House 
some ten days ago, suggested a reason why he did not feel disposed to cast 
his vote for Mr. Gilmer. Another colleague, [Mr. Wright,] has suggested 
other reasons which occur to him why he ought not to vote for Mr. Gilmer. 
Other reasons have been assigned upon the floor, and I desire to make a hasty 
reference to some of them. 

But first, a suggestion. It has been stated by the friends of this Admin- 
istration that they are in a minority, and that it is impossible for the ^Vdmiu- 
istration party to organize the House. They have admitted that for an or- 
ganization they will have to look outside of the Administration forces ; that 
they cannot make fealty to the Administration a test, because that would 
lead to inevitable defeat. What do they do ? They admit that an organiza- 
tion must be secured upon some other basis, and propose to make the slavery 
issue the great absorbing question of concern, and that on that, a union must 
be made. Then, why do gentlemen confine themselves to their own party? 
The gentleman from South Carolina, [Mr. Keitt,] in an eloquent appeal 
which he made to men of all parties opposed to the Republican party, said: 

" We are a great opposition partj'; there are one hundred and twenty 
men upon this floor at war with the Republican party, and in antagonism to 
that party we are a unit." 

If that be true, does it matter whether Mr. Gilmer belongs to the ninety, 
or the six, or the twenty-four? He is one of the one hundred and twenty. 
I submit it to gentlemen, that if there is angthing in their argument upon this 
slavery issue — if that is to be made the vital (question, why thej' do not act 
consistently; why it is that whilst they make in one moment such appeals to 
us, the very next moment their action is in utter disregard of their own 
teaching? 

A reason has been assigned — especially by my colleague, [Mr. Wright] — 
for not voting for Mr. Gilmer. "Mr. Gilmer had received three Republican 
votes" — Ah! sir; yes, he has been voted for by certain men of the North — 
" I must, therefore, be excused." He referred to a resolution passed by the 
Legislature of our State, in which he imagines he finds a sufficient justifica- 
tion for his course. What is it? I will read it : 



LIFE or GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 201 

"■Resolved, That it is the duty of our Representatives in Congress to recog- 
nize as enemies to the Union, and especially to the slave States, all who in 
any way favor or affiliate with this sectional Black Republican party ; and 
that any action on their part which favors a co-operation with the Black Re- 
publicans in organizing the House, and thus placing the officers and inq^ortani 
committees of that body, under their control, would be false to the sentiments 
of the people of Tennessee, an insult to their constituents, and disgraceful to 
themselves." 

My colleague says that he understands that our General Assembly have 
said this to him: "If any considerable portion of men from the North vote 
even for Mr. Bocock, the candidate for your party, it is your duty to abandon 
him." He would feel, he says, compelled, in deference to these resolutions, 
to withdraw his suppoi-t from Mr. Bocock. 

Mr. Wright. I stated that if any considerable number of the Black Ee- 
publicans would vote for Mr. Bocock, thereby indicating he was less objec- 
tionable, and more acceptable to them than any other member of the Demo- 
cratic party, or any other party outside of them, I would not co-operate with 
them in electing him Speaker ; but I would withdraw my vote for him and 
vote for some one else. 

Mr. Hatton. That is what I said was the gentleman's position. What 
does this resolution mean ? That the Legislature of Tennessee is not willing 
that the Representatives of that State in this Hall, shall co-operate with the 
Republican party in producing a certain result. What is that result ? The 
placing of the of&ces and important committees of this House under the con- 
trol of the Republican party. I ask my colleague, if the voting of twelve 
Republicans for Mr. Bocock, electing him Speaker, would place the officers 
and important committees of this body under the control of the Republican 
party ? 

I submit the question to my colleague. He, I know, if he will respond at 
all, will say what the gentleman from Virginia, [Mr. Millson,] said — what the 
gentleman from South Carolina, [Mr. Keitt,] said, what the gentleman from 
Alabama, [Mr. Cobb,] said : that it would have no effect whatever upon Mr. 
Bocock. The Speakership would not be under Republican control, nor would 
the important committees. I understand the resolution very differently from 
my colleague. That I am correct and he in error, I have the authority of 
the Union and American, the organ of his party, at Nashville. In an article 
in reference to this very resolution, it states its substance and purport to be 
" the duty of our Representatatives in Congress to avoid any steps which 
would aid in placing the officers and important committees of Congress under 
their (Republican) control." 

I would, myself, have no doubt about this being the meaning of those who 
passed that resolution, even if its language did not furnish its own unmis- 
takable construction. Co-operation with men of ultra-anti-slavery senti- 
ments is something to which Tennessee Democrats do not object, if to the 
Democracy it yields the spoils. My colleague and his party co-operated in 1852 



202 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

•with Free-Soilers in the North, in the election of Mr. Pierce. He did it, too, 
with his eyes open, for the metropolitan organ of his party, the Washington 
Union used this language during that canvass: 

" The Free Soil Democratic leaders of the North, are a regular portion of 
the Democratic party, and General Pierce, if elected, will make no distinc- 
tion between them and the Democracy in the distribution of official patronage, 
and in the selection of agents for administering the Government." 

TNIy colleague is not so much opposed to such co-operation, as some might 
imagine from his speech, provided it would give somebody inside of the 
Democratic party the offices and their perquisites. So much, Mr. Clei'k, for 
this reason assigned by my colleague for not voting for Mr. Gilmer. But, 
he says the status of Mr. Gilmer is well known to the country. What does 
he mean by that ? It means something or nothing. My colleague says he 
has a high regard for Mr. Gilmer, personally; if so, then, of course, he has 
reference to his political status. I ask my colleague what that is ? I ask 
him, if he desires the opportunity to tell the House and the country what it 
is that Mr. Gilmer has done which fixes this political status, -which he would 
intimate as bad, and which prevents his voting for him ? He declines to do 
it. The only thing Mr. Gilmer has done, as I understand from Democrats 
themselves, is, that he voted against the Lecompton Constitution. 

Mr. Etheridge. With the permission of my colleague, I desire to correct 
the impression that Mr. Gilmer voted against the Lecompton Constitution. 
I say to my colleague that Mr. Gilmer opposed and voted against the Senate 
Bill, or rather, he voted for the Crittenden-Montgomery amendment, which 
was substituted for the Senate Bill; and finally he voted with the Adminis- 
tration party in this House for the English Bill, which passed this House and 
the Senate, and received the approval of the President, and was pronounced 
by distinguished members of that party, a better Bill than the Senate Bill it- 
self. So he stands in the same position, in regard to the English Bill, and 
the final action of Congress upon the admission of Kansas, as the great body 
of the Democratic party themselves. 

Mr. Hatton. Yes, sir ; he voted against the Senate Bill for the admission 
of Kansas under the Lecompton Constitution, and subsequently voted for the 
English Bill, with the Democratic party. But, this constitutes no reason why 
Democrats should not cast their votes for him My colleague, [Mr. Avery,] fur- 
nished me with an answer to this objection, when, in his place, he announced 
to the House, "that it was not pati'iotic to be making points upon Lecompton, 
or anti-Lecompton, when the rights and interests of the South were at stake, 
and the Union in peril." 

Move than that, Mr. Clerk — when Mr. Gilmer cast that vote, he did what 
many Southern gentlemen, whose integrity to the South has not been ques- 
tioned, have said, he ought to have done. Senator Hammond, of South Caro- 
lina, said to the people of that State, in reference to that bill, that — 

" It was steeped in fraud, outrage and blood, and Southern men would have done 
well to have kicked it out of Conc/ress." 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 203 

And Mr. Forsyth, of Alabama, in a recent letter to Mr. Sampford, in 
speaking of this language of Senator Hammond's, indorsed it as "well said.'' 

So much for that objection to the gentleman from North Carolina. But he 
introduced some i«esolutions, said the honorable gentleman from Virginia, 
[Mr. Smith,] this morning. This is a difficulty in the way of my colleague, 
[Mr. Avery,] who said those resolutions were calculated, if not intended, to 
have the effect of conducting off from the head of Mr. Sherman the thunder- 
bolt that had been forged by the Democrats for his destruction. My colleague's 
imagination is excited ; he is profuse in his figures, and they are charged 
with electricity. Now, with a view of quieting my friend, I will tell him, 
(and I speak for myself and the honorable gentleman from North Carolina,) 
that that resolution was intended to have no such effect, nor could it have an- 
swered any such purpose. It was not intended to shield anybody, but to strike 
all of every section who were stirring up sectional strife, or who were at- 
tempting to agitate the slavery question for party purposes. I speak for Mr. 
Gilmer and for myself, when I say that no language can too strongly charac- 
tei'ize the infamy of that Helper book, or that of the man who approves of 
its abominable doctrines. 

Mr. Etheridge. As I do not propose to occupy the floor at any time, at 
length, in regard to the resolutions passed by the Tennessee Legislature, and 
which have been this morning referred to, or in regard to any of the various 
subjects discussed in this preliminary struggle for Speaker, I will, however, 
by my colleague's permission, say a few words just here, in regard to the 
resolutions sent to us from the Tennessee Legislature. For a good many of 
the members of that body, I have some respect ; for a portion of them, I have, 
of course, no ill-will, because I do not personally know them. But, sir, for 
the object which, in fact, controlled the party majority of that body, or a 
portion of it, in the passage of the resolutions referred to by my colleague, 
I have nothing but contempt. The Democratic members of that Legislature, 
or a portion of them, politically hate me, I am sure, and the sentiment is no 
doubt mutual; for, politically, I loathe and despise them. I say, to day, that 
I have no more respect for those reoslutions than 1 would have for a private 
letter written and signed by fifty or sixty or a hundred gentlemen anywhere 
in the State. They have no right to instruct me. A portion of the Democrats 
who voted for those resolutions, followed me through my District, in the last 
canvass — followed me like the cuttle-fish, (I believe that is the name,) listen- 
ing to what I said ; but their political opinions — I may say, their importance 
— was engulfed and swallowed up in the interest that my canvass elicited in 
that District. The people of my District, (and I say it, I trust, with becom- 
ing modesty,) of all parties, have tenfold more respect to-day, for my judg- 
ment, for my willingness and disposition to do just what is right, and best for 
my whole country, than they have for many of those, who, without authority, 
attempt to dictate my public conduct. So far as I am concerned, I intend 
to be governed by what I conceive to be my duty; and, so far as these reso- 



204 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

lutions are concerned, I repudiate the right of the Legislature of Tennessee 
to instruct me to do what I am not pledged to do, or anything which my 
judgment does not approve. While I will not say that their conduct has 
been impertinent, I will say that I shall treat those resolves with no more 
consideration than I would attach to a request made by an equal number of 
my respectable fellow-citizens anywhere in my State — no more and no less. 

Mr. Hatton. When I was interrupted by my colleague, I was remarking 
on the resolution introduced by the gentleman from North Carolina. So far 
from the object of that resolution being to shield anybody, I repeat, that it 
was the purpose of the gentleman who introduced it, to strike, not only at 
such as approve of Helper's book, but all dangerous agitators of the subject 
of slavery. 

But there is another difficulty. "Mr. Gilmer is an American.^' How 
strangely such an objection sounds to the ears of a man who is proud of being 
an American! The same objection is made to the members of the Southern 
Opposition. After Mr. Gilmer had received thirty-six votes, yet, when it 
was supposed he was not likely to receive the Democratic vote, he withdrew 
his own name, and nominated the honorable gentleman from Virginia, [Mr. 
Boteler,] a man who was known to be sound, whose devotion to Southern in- 
terests was above suspicion. 

Mr. Boteler is a Southern man, the Representative of the Harper's Ferry 
District of Virginia, and a gentleman, I repeat, whose fidelity to the South 
is beyond question. Uc was a candidate before the House, and lie might have 
been elected, but our Democratic friends declined to unite on him to do it. 

Mr. Moore, of Alabama. Did the gentleman's own party support Mr. 
Boteler? 

Mr. Hatton. I do not remember distinctly, but I believe that he got all 
the votes but one. 

Mr. Moore, of Alabama. My recollection is not that way. 

Mr. Hatton. It is certain that he could get them all, whenever there is 
any probability of electing him. 

Mr. Moore, of Alabama. The gentleman has stated that Mr. Boteler was 
nominated before the withdrawal of Mr. Bocock. 

Mr. Hatton. I did not state that. 

Mr. Moore, of Alabama. I took the responsibility of putting Mr. Boteler 
in nomination, and I did so without the dictation of any caucus, or because of 
any consultation with my own party as a party. I nominated Mr. Boteler, 
because I had then, as I have now, confidence in him as a true Southern 
man. But, sir, I want it to be understood that the nomination of Mr. Bote- 
ler was not made until after Mr. Bocock had withdrawn from the contest. 

Mr. Hatton. I have been noticing some of the alleged difficulties slated by 
gentlemen to be in the way of giving their support to Mr. Gilmer, of North 
Carolina. Among other things, he is an American. The point I desire to 
make here, is, that the same objection was made to the gentleman from Vir- 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 205 

ginia, Mr. Boteler.] He is a good and true man, but for the Democracy to 
elect him — to vote for one of the American party — would be to make "this 
House a slaughter house of North--western Democracy." This was the 
language of a Democrat. Again, sir, it was said by the gentleman from 
Mississippi, [Mr.McRae,] in his argument, that it was unreasonable to expect 
that eighty-eight regular Democrats would go over to a party that could 
command only twenty- three votes. Another reason he assigned was, that 
the American party had not the control of a single State Government. 
With all deference to the gentleman, I will say that I think that has no legiti- 
mate connection with the argument which we are addressing to each other, 
as Southern gentlemen. If Mr. Gilmer is one of the South, in the language 
of the honorable gentleman fi'om South Carolina, [Mr. Keitt,] "if he is one 
of the one hundred and twenty that stand upon this floor, in opposition to 
the Republican party," I do not think there is then any great weight in the 
suggestion of the gentleman from Mississippi. 

Now, sir, because I happen to be one of the twenty-three, and he happens 
to be one of the eighty-eight, is no reason, as I understand it, why my position 
as a Southern man, should not be quite as good as his. With all kindness to 
the gentleman, I suggest that I represent quite as many people, as much of 
intelligence and virtue, as he ; and, perhaps, of property. Yes, sir, my 
District is quite as large, and quite as important as the one he so ably rep- 
resents, and as Southern Representatives, our positions are the same. Then 
why, in view of his argument, any distinctions between us in determining 
the claims of the one or the other to a given ofBce? 

But he says we are to go over to him to unite the South. I have great re- 
spect for the opinion of that distinguished gentleman, [Mr. McRae;] but I 
submit to him, if there is any thing to be accomplished by a union of the 
South — whether that object could not quite as well be attained by the Demo- 
crats uniting with the Southern Opposition, especially when the union of 
the Democrats with the Opposition, will make a Southern man Speaker-; while 
our union with them in a united vote, will be but an empty parade, having 
no practical result following it. 

My object is to set the party with which I am acting, right, before the 
House and the country. Now, sir, my colleague, [Mr. Wright,] the other 
day, in his reply to the speech of his colleague, [Mr. Stokes,] said that he 
was astonished, that, in the arguments addressed to the House by the South- 
ern Opposition party, no war had been made upon the Republican party, but 
that all our shafts had been directed at the men of the Democratic party. 
My colleague did not listen to the speeches of his colleagues, nor read them, 
or certainly he would not have made that statement. Mr. Nelson, in his 
speech, did make war upon the Republican party. He said they had avowed 
certain doctrines which he did not indorse, but which he repudiated, and 
most decidedly condemned. Such, also, was the character of the remarks of 
Mr. Stokes. I assure my colleague, [Mi-. Wright,] that he is doing those gen- 



206 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

tlemen and my party, injustice, in endeavoring to create the impression that 
there is no antagonism between those colleagues of his, and the Republican 
party. He asks, why are we attacking the Democratic party ? Now, I de- 
sire the attention of the House a moment, in this connection. When we as- 
sembled here, the purpose of those with whom 1 act, was to take no part in 
any discussion between parties in this House, but, if possible, to go practi- 
cally to work, and secure an organization. What was done ? Why, gentle- 
men upon this side of the House, rose at once, and in their arguments, said 
to us, "you ought to unite with us; you are but a fragment; we ai-e a great 
party ; you are doing yourselves injustice, and doing the South injustice in 
not taking a position at once with us." The newspapers printed in this city 
also commenced their assaults upon us, when we had made no attack upon 
anybody. 

The States and Union of this city, on the 19th of December, used this 
language : 

"The Crisis. — The honor oi the Democratic party imperatively demands 
that its Representatives in the House shall carefully avoid the advancement 
to the Speakership of any member of that body who is imbued with Know- 
Nothing proclivities. 

"The honor of the Democratic party imperatively demands that its Repre- 
sentatives in the House shall exert all their influence to prevent the elevation 
of any member of that body who affiliates with Know-Nothingism to, a po- 
sition from which it is possible for him jto be translated, in virtue of such 
position, to the Presidency of the United States. 

" The honor of the Democratic party imperatively demands that its Repre- 
sentatives in the House shall adhere faithfully to the end — whatever the 
end — to the uncompromising hostility which animated it in the Congressional 
elections of the present and last years, against the demoralizing and dis- 
unmiizing teridencics of Knoiv- Nothingism in the South, and abolitionism of 
the North." 

Again, on the 20th of December, the same paper, speaking of the Repub- 
lican and American parties, says : 

"There is no good in either. If they were put into ' a bag, and severely 
shaken,' no mortal could tell / which would come out first.' They are alike 
the enemies of the State, and both must be 2}oliiicalli/ crushed, if that invinc- 
ible Democracy which has imparted to the State all the honor and glory 
which it enjoys in its prosperity and greatness — if the State is to be preserved 
in its pristine integrity. 

" For the Democracy to coalesce with either, as a measure of expediency, 
would be to get a grease spot upon its unsullied garments — would signify in 
all coming time that it had been in shabby company." 

Mr. Reagan. With the permission of the gentleman, Mr. Clerk, I desire 
to say that I think the action of Democratic members upon this floor ought 
to be better evidence to the gentleman of the manner in which his party is 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 207 

regarded by the Democracy, than any editorial of any newspaper. I think 
their action here a more legitimate exposition of their aims than anything 
coming from outside this House. 

Mr. Hatton. I thank the gentleman for what he has said, as it suggests to 
me a remark I might otherwise have omitted to make. I appreciate the 
kindness extended to my party by certain Democratic members upon this 
floor. But I say this : as a party, they have given no indication of a pur- 
pose to unite, in any event, upon our candidate ; so far from that, it has been 
announced by Democrats upon this floor, that to unite in the election of a 
Know-Nothing or American would be — what? The utter destruction of their 
party at home; a sacrifice they did not feel disposed to make. 

Mr. Smith, of Virginia, made a remark which was inaudible to the 
reporters. 

Mr. Hatton. Such a union, I have shown the Democratic press, has de- 
clared would be — so far as the Democratic party is concerned — '• to get a 
grease spot upon its unsullied garments." 

Mr. Clerk, my colleague, [Mr. Wright,] has complained of his colleague, 
[Mr. Stokes,] for making war upon the Democracy. Neither he nor I are 
making war on anybody, but simply repelling the attack made upon us. 
No one will deny that the party with which it is my pride to act here, has 
been traduced and villified most shamefully by the party press of this city. 
I know that many of our Democratic friends repudiate and condemn what 
these papers have said ; but, still, honorable gentlemen will excuse us if we 
do not quietly and patiently remain in our seats, day after day, and week 
after week, submitting to these indignities without indicating some feeling 
of resentment. A gentleman may be persuaded ; he cannot be driven by a 
lash. 

Now, Mr. Clerk, it has been said that our party is not a national party, 
and this has been assigned as one of the reasons why the Democrats could 
not unite on one of our men. I do not propose to discuss its doctrines. It 
is a party in favor of the Union and Constitution, and of the enforcement 
of the laws enacted by Congress, so long as they remain on the statute-book, 
or until they have been declared, by the Federal Judiciary, unconstitutional 
and void. 

Mr. Wright. Will my colleague allow me a word here ? He says his 
party is a national party — 

Mr. Hatton. I intend to be just as courteous as I know how; but I can 
anticipate the character of my colleague's question, and I do not think it 
pertinent to my argument. 

Ml'. Wright. Let me ask it first, and then you can decide whether you 
will answer it. 

Mr. Hatton. Well, go ahead. 

Mr. Wright. My colleague says his party is a national party, and yet he 
insisted a few minutes ago that his party should be called by its proper 



208 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

name — The Southern Opposition party. Now, I want my colleague to tell 
me how it is that a Northern man could belong to a party that is the South- 
ern Opposition ; and how that can be a national party? 

Mr. Hatton. My party is national in its views. It is national in the posi- 
tion that it occupies. It is national in the comprehensiveness of its doctrines — 
of its principles, which are broad enough for all conservative, national men, 
in whatever section of the country, they may live. It stands here to-day in 
antagonism both to the Republican and to the Democratic parties. With the 
Republican party, with its platform of principles, it can have neither sym- 
pathy nor association. To the Democratic party, as it stands before the 
country, it is also in antagonism. We are at arms-length towards both, re- 
garding neither as national, but both as sectional. We have been taken 
to task for not making war upon the Republicans, and my colleague, (Mr. 
Wright,) seems to think it very strange that his colleague, [Mr. Stokes,] did 
not devote himself to an argument to demonstrate to the country that he 
stands in oppposition to the Republican party. His opposition could not be 
misapprehended, and no denunciation was necessary to show that he was 
opposed to it. He characterized it as sectional, and avowed his purpose to 
have nothing to do with any sectional party. Without he desired to rival 
others in the mere bitterness of denunciation, more was wholly unnecessary. 

Now, sir, if I were disposed to engage with my colleague in an argument 
in regard to the respective positions occupied by his party and mine, I might 
demonstrate that upon no single question of public policy, upon no single issue of 
legislation, is his party national, not one. 

I have an editorial in my hand, written by a member of this House, for 
whose talents I have much esteem, in which he declares that the Democratic 
party is not agreed upon any single question of national politics. 

A Member. Who is he ? 

Mr. Hatton. The gentleman from Virginia, Mr. Pryor. Yes, sir, in ma- 
king a survey of the antagonistic positions occupied by the ditferent elements 
of what once constituted the Democratic party, he comes to the conclusion, 
and so declares, that there is no such party as the Democratic party, that it 
has disintegrated, is demoralized, has ceased as a party, to exist. 

Now, Mr. Clerk, without proposing to make war upon the Democratic 
party, or any body else, I wish to take a position in reference to a question 
that has been matter of much discussion here: the question of the Union. 
I ask the attention of my honorable colleagues from Tennessee while I read 
from a document which 1 hold in my hand, in reference to the Union : 

" Because we cannot get our constitutional rights, I do not intend to be 
one of those who will violate the Constitution." * 

I ask my Democratic colleagues, whether they indorse or repudiate thatsen- 

* Speech of the Hon. Andrew Johnson, delivered in the Senate, ou the 12th of De- 
cember, 1859. 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 209 

timent. I desire a response. I have reasons for putting the interrogatory 
to my colleagues, and hope they will I'eply to it. They decline. My col- 
league, fMr. Nelson,] for declaring on this floor, his allegiance to the Union 
and the Constitution, has been censured, and had his fidelity to the South 
questioned. I desire, therefore, to understand what is the attitude occupied 
by my Democratic colleagues, on this floor; and, I repeat, do you indorse or 
repudiate the sentiment I have read? I want a reply. They decline to 
state. Well, sir, I call their attention while I read another passage from the 
same document : 

"I intend to stand by the Constitution and its guarantees, as the ark of our 
safety, as the palladium of our civil and religious liberty. I intend to cling 
to it, as the shipwrecked mariner clings to the last plank, when night and 
tempest close around him." 

Do these lines express the opinions and sentiments of my Democratic col- 
leagues, or not? I submit it to them whether they ought not to take a posi- 
tion on that subject, especially when they have been questioning the attitude 
of their colleagues on this floor? I say to those gentlemen, ?/om know what 
are your views ; you know where you stand ; and I asA; ^om whether you indorse 
either of the sentiments I have quoted, or not? Sir, I indorse the paragraph 
last read, exj^ressing, for the present, no position at all, in reference to the 
first. My colleague, Mr. Wright, took exception, as I understood him, to 
the speech of my colleague, Mr. Nelson, upon the subject of the Union ; 
and I now ask him to state, what single sentiment, upon the subject of the 
Union, declaimed by Mr. Nelson, does he not indorse? 

Mr. Wright. I simply desire to say to my colleague, that if he will read 
my speech, he will find that I made no war on the speech of my colleague, 
Mr. Nelson. 

Mr. Hatton. I am glad that my colleague indorses the speech of JMr. Nel- 
son ; for I understand that to be his response; but I wish to ask him, partic- 
ularly, whether he indorses Mr. Nelson, upon the subject of the Union. Will 
the gentleman be kind enough to give me a response of indorsement or repu- 
diation? 

Mr. AVright. Of the whole speech ? 

Mr. Hatton. Yes, sir. 

Mr. Wright. I shall have to read it again, before I can express my in- 
dorsement. 

Mr. Hatton. Do you remember any single sentence that you would not 
indorse? 

Mr. Wright. If my colleague desires to know what my position is, I refer 
him to my speech, and I believe that he has a copy of it before him. 

Mr. Hatton. Well, sir, I refer my colleague to the speech of Mr. Nelson. 
He has read it — has commented on it — and I desire him to say whether he 
indorses it, or not. I do not wish to place him in any false position; but I do 
desire to knoto whether any of the Democratic members of this House, from 

14 



210 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON, 

the State of Tennessee, stand in antagonism -with my colleague, Mr. Nelson, 
on the question of the preservation of this Union. 

Mr. Avery, In a very few words, I can state my position. I said, the 
other day, in a word or two I submitted to this House, that I came from a 
State, and represented, in part, a people, who were loyal, and ever have been 
loyal and devoted to this Union. I said that they were also devoted to the 
Constitution under which this Union was formed. I said, further, however, 
that whenever the compacts, which were guaranteed to my people, under the 
Constitution, were violated, this Union was then no longer a blessing, but a 
curse. That is what I said, and what I say now. [Applause on the Demo- 
cratic side, and in the galleries.] 

Mr. Hatton. But, still, I have no response to the interrogatory kindly 
submitted to my colleague, as to whether he indorses or repudiates the speech 
of Mr. Nelson. 

Mr. Avery. If my distinguished colleague [Mr. Nelson] differs with me, 
in the sentiments I have just uttered, then I disagree with him; and if he is 
with me in those sentiments, I am with him. 

Mr. Hatton. Still, that is no i-esponse. I submit it to the fairness of my 
colleague. 

Mr. Barksdale. Does the gentleman indorse the speech made by his col- 
league, [Mr. Avery,] or not? 

Mr. Avery. I thank the gentleman from Mississippi. 
Mr. Hatton. "I think there be six Richmonds in the field." [Laughter 
and applause.] 

Mr. Avery. You appealed to the whole Democratic party, as well as my 
colleague, whether or not they indorsed the speech of Mr. Nelson, and how 
they stood upon the Union question. 

Mr. Barksdale. I ask my friend, from Tennessee, again, whether he in- 
dorses or repudiates the remarks made by his colleague? If the Constitution 
should be violated and trampled in the dust, by the North, would the Union 
then be a blessing or a curse? 

Mr. Hatton. I reply with pleasure. The question does not, to me, present 
the slightest embarrassment. Whenever, by the reckless fanaticism of the 
North — of the Republican party, or any other party — the state of things 
contemplated in the question of the gentleman, shall be brought upon our 
country, then there will be no Union to love, and no Constitution to cherish. 
[Applause in the galleries.] Then, sir, I will become a sectional man, and I 
will pray to the God of battles that these slender arms of mine shall be made 

" Hardy as the Nemcan lion's nerve," 

that I may, if necessary, strike for the protection of the rights of Tennesssee 
— of the South. [Renewed applause.] 

Mr. Leake, of Virginia. I want to ask my friend, who shall judge of the 
rights of the States, the infraction of them, and the remedies for that infrac- 
tion? 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 211 

Mr. Hatton. I could not hear all the gentleman from Virginia has said, 
but suppose I have understood enough to get his point. There is a co-ordi- 
nate branch of this Government — the Supreme Court — one of the special 
offices of which, is, to pass upon the constitutionality of all Congressional en- 
actments. Whenever a law has been enacted, that seriously infringes upon' 
the rights of my section, that "tramples upon rights," certainly given it un- 
der the Constitution, and the courts fail or refuse to interpose for our pro- 
tection, or interposing, prove unable to furnish a shield to us, and the wrong 
is persisted in, then the Constitution and the Union shall have, I repeat, 
ceased to exist; the machinery of the Government will then have, simply, 
destroyed itself. 

Mr. Hill. Do I understand my friend to say, that, upon any infraction of 
the Constitution, anywhere, the extremity is to take place, that he an- 
nounces? 

Mr. Hatton. I did not say that. 

Mr. Barksdale. I ask the gentleman from Tennessee, entertaining the 
views he has just expressed here, why does he not join us, the Democratic 
party, upon this floor, in resisting the aggressions of the other side of the 
House? 

Mr. Hatton. Have I not stood side by side with Southern men, in voting 
against the Kepublican party, since this House commenced its session? 1 
will continue to stand in opposition to that party, as long as it may deny to 
my section, what I regard as its essential rights, under the Constitution. In 
my canvass in Tennessee, I told my competitor that if he would name to me 
a man, whose position upon the subject of slavery was higher than my own, 
I would abandon the canvass, and give him a clear track. 

Mr. Barksdale. I ask the gentleman, whether, since the commencement 
of this session, he has cast a vote for any man upon this side of the House? 

Mr. Hatton. I have not cast a vote since the opening of the session, for 
any one except a member of my own party. That is plain. 

Mr. Leach. Do you ever mean to do it? 

Mr. Hatton. There has been no time when my vote would have elected 
any member of the Democratic party; but I submit it to the gentleman, that 
there has been a time when the vote of his party, that stands here claiming to be, 
par excellence, the defender of the rights of the South, could have secured a 
triumph over Mr. Sherman, and elected a true Sauthern man. [Applause in the 
galleries.] 

Mr. Barksdale. A Southern man, acceptable to a portion of the Black 
Republican party, upon this floor. 

Mr. Hatton. My distinguished friend, from Mississippi, so far from de- 
nying the correctness of the announcement I made, has said, himself, that 
they could have elected our man; btit that he would have been a man for 
whom some Northern votes had been cast. If this, to him, is a satisfactory 
ground of action, I have no right to complain; but I imagine that the coun- 
try from which I come would not be satisfied with such reasoning. 



212 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

Mr. Barksdale. I desire to say, that, so far as I am concerned, I will not 
vote for Mr. Gilmer. I have not voted for him, and I do not intend to vote 
for him. My reasons are satisfactory to myself. I have not thought 
pfoper, heretofore, to give them; but, if I shall be successful in obtaining the 
floor, when the gentleman from Tennessee has concluded his speech, I will 
give the reasons why I have not voted for Mr. Gilmer, and why I will never 
vote for him. 

Mr. Hatton. I will now proceed with my argument, not attempting to an- 
ticipate the gentleman from Mississippi, in any reasons he may present to 
the House, when I am done. I asked my colleague [Mr. Wright] what was 
the particular feature in what he styles tlie status of Mr. Gilmer, that he felt 
excused for not voting for him? I received no response. I stated, that, so 
far as my information extended, it consisted, simply, in having voted 
against the admission of Kansas, under the Lecompton Constitution. Yes, 
sir — 

" The very head and front of his offending, 
Hath this extent, and no more." 

Mr. Leake. Will my friend permit me to correct him? 

Mr. Hatton. I cannot. I have already consumed much more time than I 
intended; but for such frequent interruptions, I would have been done, long 
since. Mr. Gilmer is a Southern man, reared in the South, and is a large 
slaveholder — the largest, I am told, in this House. His entire interest is in 
the South. Until he voted against the admission of Kansas, under the Le- 
compton Constitution, I understand that at home, he occupied the position of 
an extreme Southern man, having been denounced at the North, in public 
placards, for having, a few years ago, prosecuted certain Abolitionists; and 
drive?! them out, by force, from the limits of his State. Now, I know that it 
is very difiBcult for the little party to which I belong to find a man free from 
objection, upon this question of slavery, the Democratic party being judges. 
Accoi-ding to their declarations, Harrison was an Abolitionist; Mr. Clay, the 
"great commoner" of America, was an Abolitionist, they said. Yes, sir, 
that noble spirit, in whom were rarely blended all those high qualities of 
head and heart that endear a man to a generous people, was charged, upon 
the stump, in Tennessee, as an Abolitionist. Now that he is dead, "when 
treason has done its worst on him," they rival each other in the extravagance 
of their eulogiums upon him. "Their tears are the tears of the crocodile." 
Yes, sir, they now praise him. In life, 

" You did not so, when jour vile daggers 
Hacked one another, in his sides." 

Mr. Avery. Mr. Clay said, that whenever the party to which he belonged 
became a miserable sectional party, he would renounce it forevei', and unite 
with that party, he cax-ed not what its name was, that stood by the Constitu- 
tion and the Union, and repelled all aggressions upon Southern rights. Will 
my colleague do that? Why does not my colleague do that? 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 213 

Mr. Hatton. I hope my colleague will make himself just as comfortable as 
possible under the circumstances. I have no desire to distress him. [Laugh- 
ter.] Now, Mr. Clerk, I said Mr. Clay was charged with Abolitionism. 
General Taylor, who had a sugar plantation in Louisiana, and owned one 
hundred slaves, was, according to the Democratic party, not to be trusted, 
when Southern rights are concerned. In 1852, General Scott, who had headed 
our troops upon a hundred fields, whose deeds of arms had given to the sol- 
dier of America, immortality, the son of Virginia, was charged with being 
an Abolitionist. In 1856, Mr. Fillmore, who, as President of these States, 
had so worthily demeaned himself in his high office as to bring xipon him the 
encomiums of men of every section, and of all parties, was denounced as an 
Abolitionist. And, to-day^ when my honorable friend, Mr. Gilmer, is pre- 
sented to this House, as a candidate for the Speakership, his integrity to the 
South is to have suspicion cast on it, because certain gentlemen from the 
North have chosen to cast their votes for him. 

I repeat what I before said, that the party to which 1 belong have ex- 
pressed the opinions, in their resolutions, that a war of words upon the 
slavery question, upon this floor, can do no good. We have no disposition to 
engage in it. When hireling scribblers from the North, demagogues of that 
section, choose to indulge in billingsgate upon me, or the institutions of the 
South, I will not compromise my dignity, or ideas of propriety, by retorting 
their scurrility with congenial ribaldry. No, sir, I believe what was taught 
me when quite a youth, that gasconading defiance, and truckling servility, 
are equally remote from ti'ue dignity. 

The sentiments, upon the Union, which have been announced by my col- 
league [Mr. Nelson] in the speech which he delivei'ed upon this floor, are 
the sentiments of the people of the State of Tennessee. When I say this, I 
do not want any Southern gentleman, upon this floor, to conclude that the 
people of my State are less sensitive to the appreciation of their rights, or 
less determined to maintain them, than the peojDle of any other State in this 
Union. 

I will institute no comparison. I will indulge in no encomium on the men 
of Tennessee. They need none. At the battle of King's Mountain, the 
Horse Shoe, Talladega, New Orleans, Monterey, Cerro Gordo, and the battles 
of the Valley of Mexico, they gave to the world some indications of the 
mettle of which they are made. And if ever a sectional war is forced upon 
them, I say to the House, without boasting, that they will not suffer by com- 
paring their actions with those of the people of other States, whose Repre- 
sentatives, on this floor, have expi'essed themselves so ready for the struggle. 
For their country and a glorious fame, they have shown themselves ready to 
lay down their lives. In the destruction of the Union, they can see neither 
profit nor honor. In its wilful dismemberment, they behold only the folly of 
the drunken suicide, who falls not upon the weapon of his foe, but upon 
his own dagger. For the lessons of Washington, who taught them to "cher- 



214 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 



isli a cordial, habitual, immovable attachment to the Union," they have not 
lost all respect. For the the teachings of Jackson, who said "it must be pre- 
served," they have quite as much regard as for the advice of those who seem 
careless of its glory, and stand ready to surrender it. 

Mr. Miles. I ask the gentleman from Tennessee, whether he will suspend 
his remarks, for the present, in order to move to proceed to a ballot, with the 
understanding that he will be subsequently entitled to the floor. 

Mr. Burnett. I object to that. There are other gentlemen who desire the 
floor; and I hope the gentleman will proceed with his remarks. I under- 
stand he has nearly concluded. 

Mr. Hatton. I have said, already, that I did not want to interrupt the ac- 
tion of the House; and if it be the desire of the House to ballot, now, I will 
certainly yield, for that purpose. 

Mr. Burnett. I object to that. If the gentleman yield the floor, he must 
yield it entirely. I want it, myself. 

Mr. Barksdale. I understand, from the gentleman from Tennessee, that 
he has almost concluded his speech. There are several gentlemen, who de- 
sire to speak. I shall seek the floor when he has finished speaking; and I 
hope he will go on, now, without any opposition, on the part of gentlemen on 
this side of the House. 

Mr. Hatton. There are conflicting requests made of me, by different gen- 
tlemen on the floor; and, as 1 cannot accommodate them all, I choose to give 
way for a ballot, and then I will finish the remarks which I intended to 
make. 

The Clerk. The gentleman from Tennessee will take notice that objections 
are made, by several gentlemen, to his yielding the floor, for that purpose. 

Mr. Crawford. And it can only be done by unanimous consent. 

The Clerk. Unless it is done by unanimous consent, the gentleman will 
not be entitled to the floor again, when the House reSiomes the discussion. 

Mr. McRae. With the permission of the gentleman from Tennessee, I 
want to make a single remark. It is well known that I never interrupt gen- 
tlemen who are speaking; and I do not now rise to interrupt the gentleman, 
as there is a recess in his remarks. The gentleman has done me the honor 
to compliment me by referring, at some length, to a speech which I made, in 
regard to the organization of the House; and 1 wish to say that I shall seek 
an opportunity, at another time, to pay him the same compliment. I see a 
number of gentlemen, who have not spoken, who desire to obtain the floor. 
I think, as I said, yesterdaj', I will be able to convince the gentleman from 
North Carolina [Mi-. Gilmer] that Democrats could not support him; and I 
think I will prove that, also, to the satisfaction of the gentleman from Ten- 
nessee. 

Mr. Hatton. I am always open to conviction, and have a high estimate of 
the gentleman's ability to "make the bad appear the better part;" but, still, 
I am quite incredulous. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 215 

Mr. Clerk, when interrupted by the honorable gentleman from South Caro- 
lina, I was just concluding what I had to say, in connection with the question 
of the Union. As perilous as some gentlemen seem, at this day, to regard 
the anuouncement by a Southern man, I desire to make it, and have it put 
unmistakably upon the record, that I am for the maintenance of this Union. 
There are those who say, "mark the man who sings hallelujahs to the Union." 
I have no hallelujahs to sing, no eulogiums to pronounce; but I have a sen- 
timent to offer — it was the sentiment of Washington : "The Union — the pal- 
ladium of your liberties; never surrender it." 

And, now, sir, if there be one of this corps of self constituted markers 
present, let him fix his brand on my humble brow. I will bear it as an hon- 
orable scar received in my early manhood ; not in a factious opposition to the 
Government of my country, but in an honest vindication of its unity and its 
integrity. And, now, sir,' in order that we may have a ballot, I yield the 
floor. 

The following is the first letter to his wife, after making his 
first speech in Congress. If he could do so well with a " few 
little notes," what would he have done with a prepared, or, as 
sometimes called, " a cut-and-dried" one? Doubtless, Mr. Hat- 
ton had listened to the great herd of speakers in the House, 
until he felt that he was master of the occasion — was equal to 
the emergency. Is it not a little singular that he did not pre- 
pare his first speech for the Congress of the United States ? 
Perhaps it was prepared ; that is, that Mr. Hatton was pre- 
pared? "We think so. We don't wish to be understood as sup- 
posing that the speech was written out, not at all. We merely 
wish to say, that he was a speaker, and could make speeches — 
that he was master of the situation : 

Washington City, D. C, 

January 13, 1860. 
My Dear Wife : — 

I received this morning your kind letter of the 8th inst. 

The reading of it gave me great pleasure and pain — pain, 

that you should be — with your robust health — thinking of 

shattered nerves, and of short life. When I left you, I thought 

you were looking better than I had ever seeti you, and I thought 

bid as fair for a long life, as any lady in Lebanon. God bless 

you, Sophie. May you live to see our children's childi-en — to a 

hapj)y and peaceful old age. I was glad to hear that you had 



216 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

got out to churcli again — that Fyou felt lonel}^ that I was not 
with you. I long for the quiet of a life at home. 

I got into a debate in the House to-day, and was on the floor 
some two hours. Could not make anything like a sj^stematic 
speech — did not want to — was^after the Democracy for refusing 
to elect our man Speaker. Will send you the Globe containing 
what I said. I spoke without any preparation, at all, except a 
few little notes. Had the attention of the whole House during 
the entire time, and made, as you will see, the Democracy very 
restive — though they received my speech with the greatest re- 
spect, and treated me, personally, with the utmost kindness. 
The interruptions were such, that I did not get to what was, 
in my estimation, the best part of my speech ; but having been 
up so long, I quit, before getting through. 

Am getting, da}^ by day, more and more, disgusted with Wash- 
ington — its customs, its people, especially, its Congress, which 
is but a mob — one, too, over which, unfortunately, the police 
has no control ! We are no nearer to an organization than we 
were this time last month. Ecally doubt whether we will or- 
ganize at all. 

I sent Eeilly a picture paper yesterday. Will send Mary one 
in a few days. There is company in my room, which is likely 
to remain some time, so I quit to put my letter in the oflice. 

Give my love to all hands at home. Kiss the children for 
me, and be careful of your own dear self, until we meet. Good- 
bye, my darling. 

Your affectionate husband, 

E. Hatton. 

We copy again from his Diary : 

January 14, 1860. — Spent most of to-day in looking over 
notes of the reports of my speech in the House on yesterday. 
Threw away about seventy pages of the manuscript, as trash, 
and arranged the balance for the Globe — will be printed for 
Mondaj^ Eegret that I permitted myself to be dragged into 
the discussion without proper prei)aration. Am determined to 
prepare for my next attempt on the floor. I accomplished, how- 
ever, all I sought to do, namely, to present the Democracy to 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 217 

the country, as they really were — a set of insincere demagogues, 
who were pretending to be fighting fo^ the South, when all they 
cared anything about, was, Democracy. Read 2l8t and 23d 
chapters of Numbers." 

January 15, 1860. — To-day, Mr. Underwood, of Ga., spoke, 
occupying the floor about four hours, in a rambling, scattering 
speech, which from his continued reference to members of the 
Southern Opposition party, was frequently interrupted. He is 
a great demagogue, without the redeeming quality in some of 
that class, of shrewdness. I wrote a number of letters, after 
coming to my room. Met some friends — then went with Eth- 
eridge to see one of his District friends, Mr. Moore, where we 
found quite a crowd, and in it I saw the disgusting sight of a 
woman intoxicated. Read 23d and 24th chapters of Numbers. 

January 16, 1860. — To-day spent most of my time writing- 
letters. Wrote to J. R. Davis, J. J. Grreen, Alex. P. McClaren, 
D. R. Fakes, Bob. White, G-eo. C. Cole. Also, franked to 
friends in Tennessee, a number of speeches made by Haskins, 
of New York. The debate to-day was violent in the extreme, 
the word falsehood being emjjloyed three several times — once 
by McClernard, of 111., and twice by Pryor, of Ya. Hickman of 
Pa., was the man at whom it was thrown. No advance toward 
an election of Speaker. Sent Mayy, Frank Leslie. Read 25th 
chapter of Numbers. 

We feel confident our readers will be pleased at reading the 
following letter. Pity we have not more of such men as Hat- 
ton and Btheridge. The more we learn about them, the better 
we are pleased with them. But read the letter : 

Washington, D. C, 

January 16, 1860. 
Dear Wife : — 

Your sweet little letter for Reilly, received last night, 

afforded me real pleasure. I read it over and over again, to 

myself, then got Etheridge's little girl, and read it to her. Bless 

the dear hearts of all of you, what would or could I do without 

you ? I would want to do nothing. 



218 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

Yesterday — Sunday — I sjDent in my room, it being very damp 
and foggy — just the "worf^ weather for me. It "was a long and 
lonesome day. I read and wrote, but did more of quiet think- 
ing — my heels up over the grate. I thought of home, of you 
and the children; of what I supposed or imagined you were do- 
ing, how you looked and what you said. Like a revolving- 
panorama the scene passed before me. When passed, wanting 
to see the picture again, I would shut my eyes, and look in upon 
the camera of the brain, where you were all as plainly imaged, 
as if before me in life. I got down my hymn-book. I bought 
one some time since, just to see and read some of the hymns 
you have been in the habit of singing to me on Sunday even- 
ings — and read and tried to sing " Jesus, I my cross have taken," 
" Be thou, O God !" &c., &c., &c. Etheridge came in and took 
the hymn-book and read beautifully a number of hymns. lie 
is no churchman, but really a religious man. Sat down and 
talked to me of his wife, of home, of how I would feel were I 
then to get a letter announcing the death of my wife, as he did 
once; when the big tears stood in his bright gi-cy eyes. I cried 
as a child. He got up and went to his room. I thought my 
own room was a sweet and holy spot. I locked the door, and 
walked the floor for an hour or two. Went after Etheridge's 
little girl, and took her to dinner, where she and I talked of 
her little brother, her grandma, and of you and the children, 
she asking me many innocent questions, which I as innocently 
answered. She is the only female in the city to whom I more 
than barely speak. Have not gotten into the parlors yet. 
Have no intention of appearing there, though the invitations 
are daily. I told Wright and Avery the other day, who board 
at Brown's, that they had very often invited me to call on their 
wives, but, that while I was much obliged to them, I would have 
to decline — that I was no woman's man. With the children 
about the house I am a great favorite. They afford me much 
jileasure, by reminding me vividlj' of the prattle of Eeilly and 
Many. 

Tell Eeilly to tell uncle Anderson to keep him straight — not 
to let him burn up or break up the shingles. Tell him to take 
good care of Prince — to see that he is well fed and has a good 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 219 

bed to lie on. Bless his little soul, Keep his shoulders up. 
See that he does not get cold, and he will get over his hump- 
back. My love to all, to yourself, dear wife, especially. 
Your affectionate husband, 

E. Hatton, 

January 17, 1860. — To-day has been almost a blank to me ; 
have not felt well, and a good part of the day I have been ly- 
ing down on a sofa in one of the cloak rooms. Wrote to the 
Post-ofiice Department in regard to change of route in Wilson 
County; also wrote to A. J. Swauey, enclosing Land Warrant 

for Mrs. , of Castilian Springs. The debate to-day has 

been but a ridiculous hurrah, having neither dignity nor ability 
in it. Was called on to-night by Mr. Lucas, of West Tennes- 
see. Eead the 26th ch. of Numbers. 

January 18, 1860. — Went to Globe office this morning, and 
corrected proof of my remarks on Tuesday, not printed until 
this morning. Went to the Capitol and wrote to the Post-Mas- 
ter-Cleneral about change of name of Post-office at Huddle- 
ston's Cross-roads ; also, wrote to C W. Simpson, in reference 
to mail route. Wrote to Sophie and sister Mary ; also, to Prof. 
Stewart and R. Spillers ; sent off number of copies of Globe — 
one hundred numbers — containing my speech. The House was 
in a row, as usual, to day; no improvement in the manners of 
members ; old members say no such proceedings were ever be- 
fore witnessed in the House. Eead 27th and 28th chs. of 
I^umbers. 

Washington City, D. C, 

January 18, 1860. 
My Dear Sophie : — 

I am sitting at my drawer, while a most ridiculous 

scramble is going on upon the floor — half-a-dozen trying to 

get the floor to speak ; never have I been in so disorderly 

a body. There is but little more respect for the rules of 

deliberative bodies, than would be shown by a crowd on Broad 

Street, at Nashville. I need not repeat what I have before said, 

that I am disgusted with this body, and with Washington. 



220 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

Night before last, at the earnest request of Etheridge, 
I went with him to see one of his friends from the District, 
who had invited me to see him. I went along, and re- 
mained about one hour; found a room full of company — 
members of Congress, etc. Among the crowd, I saw a woman 
intoxicated ; so much so, that it was manifest to eveiybody. 
At her request^ I was introduced to her ; a moment satisfied me 
she was drunk, when I deliberately walked away from her, 
without stopping to inquire whether it pleased or offended her. 
In five minutes after, I was walking home. So much for my 
first adventure in Washington society ; 'twill be some time be- 
fore I try it again. 

Your letter, sending Eeilly's thanks for the two papers, was 
received last night. Your account of Many's pout amused me 
very much. Before I got your letter I had sent her a paper, 
with her name on it. Tell her that pa will send her papers as 
well as Eeilly. Tell them both to study their books well ; kiss 
the children for pa, and tell them that he asks God to bless 
them every night ; that they must be good, mind their ma, and 
study hard. My love to mother and the boys ; ask them if 
they are done writing to me ? Write to me, Sojjhie, as often as 
you can without injuring yourself, as the reading of your letters 
is about my only source of pleasure in Washington. Good-bye, 
my dear wife. 

Your affectionate husband, 

EOBERT HatTON. 

P. S. — I enclose to j'ou a slip from the New York Times, 
taking me off — written by a gentleman who is burlesquing the 
House generally. He is hard on many of the members, but has 
let me oft' very easily for the j)i'esent.* E. H. 

*The foUowing is the paragraph referred to :—" Robert Hatton, of Tennessee, 
then obtained the floor for a set speech, and at once commanded attention. lie is 
rather tall, rather thin, with a large head and long face, made longer by a profusion 
of orange chin-beard, harmonizing well Avith pink cheeks, a large, fair fore- 
head, high and expansive; blue eyes, set Avide apart on each side of a small, irregu- 
lar nose, high cheek bones, and a great quantity of thick brown hair, rather inclined 
to curl, but hardly having length suflicient to indulge its propcnsitj-. Decidedly, Mr. 
Ilatton has more of the studied graces of an orator than any member yet seen upon 
the lloor. His gestures are full, round, and appropriate— seldom violent— never gro- 
tesque, but always emphatic, and with an inclination to the florid order. His head 
shows imagination, and the perceptives largely developed— the qualities of causality 
and caution, however, not being visible from this gallerj'— if at all existing. His 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 221 

We copy again from the Diaiy : 

January 19, 1860. — Went to-day to Brady's portrait gallery, 
at his request, and had my likeness taken for his gallery ; he is 
making a; collection of the likenesses of members of the present 
Congress. Wrote a long letter to Eeilly and Many about being- 
good, and obeying their dear ma; sent them five pictures — 
painted photographs — of the Senate Chamber, Hall of House 
of Eepresentatives, etc., etc. ; Hindman spoke to-day, declaring 
that the Northern Democrats could not be expected to vote for 
an American, etc. ; rest of the day taken up in the usual wran- 
gle ; no ballot for Speaker. "A hop " on hand here at Brown's, 
to-night ; great crowd ; did not go down ; stayed in my room, 
and franke done hundred speeches. Eead — nothing but a Psalm. 

January 20, I860.— Went up to call on Mrs. John Bell, at 
Willard's, this morning; found her as agreeable, though as 
ugly as ever ; sat an hour ; did not call for her daughters. 
Went on foot to the Caj)itol ; felt sick ; took a chill, which 
lasted two hours; lay in the anti-room ; came home and went 
to bed, where I am still, with a high fever, and severe head- 
ache. Eead no chapter. 

January 21, 1860. — In bed, sick — too sick to write ; high 
fever still ; afraid of a spell of fever ; wish I was at home with 
Sophie ; Grod bless her and the children. Amen ! No chapter. 

January 22, 1860. — In bed sick ; high fever still ; am taking 
some vegetable medicines; afraid of mercury; Oh, what a 
gloomy day this has been ; God bless my family ; have written 
to Sophie a short letter — best I could do. No chaj)ter. 

Here follows the letter, but he does not say a word about 
being sick ; don't wish to cause his family unnecessary anxiety : 

voice is musical and full of the church-organ tone ; and he speaks with the delibera- 
tiveness of a man determined to say nothing in support of whicli he is not willing to 
stand a pistol shot. Belonging to the Southern Opposition, he soon gets into a jangle 
with his colleague, John V. Wright, previously described, in reference to the term 
" Know-Nothing," as applied to the party which has this militant creed-confessor. 
He also refuses to he interrupted on personal explanations in reply to John A. Lo- 
gan, of Illinois ; and rather succeeds in hacking down all disputants by the force and 
determination with Avhich lie asserts his right to be heard to the bitter end." 



222 life of general robert hatton. 

Washington D. C, 

January 22, 1860. 
My Dear Wife: — 

I have received no word from home now, for five days ; 
a long time to be without a word from all we hold dear on 
earth — isn't it? 

The last three days have been beautiful ; the sun shining out 
brightly, and the air being soft and warm. I have not been 
out, however, to enjoy it much ; have no disposition to go out, 
not even for a walk. Yesterday, wc had no session of the 
House, and I did not leave the Hotel, though the members 
were making a gala-day of it, visiting and drinking. I am 
satisfied of one thing: — that there is not a more perfect old 
fogy in Congress, than I am — not one that goes out to visit so 
little as I have done. Some of our Tennesseans are distinguish- 
ing themselves in the elegant circles — dancing with Miss Lane, 
and the wives of Senators and Ministers — going to parties 
nearly every night. It is soon found out here who are fond of 
company and parties, by their acceptance or non-acceptance 
of invitations. Those that take the start, are kept in the 
whirl ; those, who, at first, keep out, are afterwards overlooked. 
This is getting to be my case, to a considerable extent already, 
and I am glad of it, as it relieves me of all trouble in sending 
excuses. I received a letter from Judge Eobert Caruthers, 
yesterday, containing, among other things, some excellent ad- 
vice, about keeping out of the fashion and vices of Washing- 
ton. I am in less danger than I have been for ten years. The 
devil has but to be mef, and he flees from you. Say to Johnnie 
that I will answer his very excellent letter in a few days. It 
was what Mag calls a "very satisfactory letter," giving me a 
great deal of news of home, etc. ^ :}c * >i< 

No prospect of an organization yet; can't even guess when 
there will bo one. Write to me about your money matters ; I 
have some notes that I can send you to collect money on ; can't 
write to you much for a few days — have six thousand sjjeeches 
to frank. Kiss the children for me ; give my love to all, and 
believe me, as ever, 

Yours affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 223 

January 23, 18G0. — Got up to-day at 11^ o'clock, and went 
in a hack to the Capitol. Felt very weak and badly, but de- 
termined to be at my post. Lay down most of the day. Wrote 
to Sophie a short letter. Came home and eat my first meal 
since Friday. Eead 29th and 30th chapters of Numbers, and 
went to bed, thanking G-od for his mercy to me. 

January 2-4, 1860. — Went to Capitol again to-day. Walked, 
which worried me too much. Lay about on the sofas, and 
caine home after adjournment, tired and disgusted. Got some- 
thing to eat, and after reading the 31st and 32d chapters of 
Numbers, I then went to bed, asking God to take care of the 
dear ones at home. 

Having recovered from his " spell" of sickness, Mr. Hatton 
proceeds to inform his wife, as follows : 

Washington City, D. C, 

January 11, 1860. 
My Dear Wipe : — 

No letter from home now, for one week ! Long time. 
The best you can do ? You might do better, and it would afford 
me great pleasure. Let me tell you, now that I am very well, 
my letter to you on Sunday night, was written partly in bed — 
partly at my table, being as I was unable to sit up. Was taken 
with a chill at the Capitol, on Friday morning, suffering ex- 
tremely with a burning fever and head-ache. Could not walk 
to my bell rope, but had to have a string tied into it, reaching 
to my bed, so as I could lie and pull it. Now, in the midst of it, 
rather than fail to write as usual, on Sunday, I did it, writing 
awhile and resting 'till I got through. Now, if you at home 
wanted to, couldn't you write a little oftener ? Don't let me 
make you uneasy about my health, by telling you that I was 
sick. It was but a sort of acclimating process I was taken 
through. Have been to the House both yesterday and to-day, 
and to-night feel entirely well. I merely wanted to let you sec 
that I would write, sick or well. Mr. Corwin delivered a great 
speech in the House to-day. To me it was the greatest treat I 
have had in the city. He was humorous, witty, sarcastic, pa- 



224 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

thetic, eloquent — in argument, ovcrwlielming. He is the great- 
est man in Washington city. A man of a good heart, a big and 
well filled head — one of the few that can so far tear loose from 
the contracted views of the partizan demagogue, to rise to the 
real dignity of an argument. I will send you copies of the 
siDcech, which Johnnie must read to you all. If it reads as it 
was delivered — but this is not possible, as he is suj)erior to any 
body in manner — it will be a treat to you. You will be 
struck with one feature in it — the frequent illustrations drawn 
from the Bible. I wash you could all have been present to hear 
it. 

No speaker yet — no prospect of one. The Democracy are 
ma(^ for the spoils — they look and care /or nothing else. This 
is the plain truth. This being so, they will not agi*ee to the 
election of any one, except one of their own number. "Will 
prevent any other election, if possible. >!;*;!« sic 
Take good care of your dear self, and of the children, and rest 
assured I am well, or I would not have alluded to having been 
sick. My love to all. 

Yours, affectionately, 

E. Hatton, 

January 25, 1860. — Wrote to Sophie this morning, made a 
short speech in the House, correcting report in the Globe of the 
4th inst., showing that Mx. Cox, of Ohio, had altered the notes 
of the reporter in a colloquy between myself and him on the 
day previous. He is a dirty, low character, destitute of spirit 
and principle. Mr. Keitt, made an attempt at a reply, to Mr. 
Corwin's speech of yesterday. His speech was respectable, but 
fell far short of Corwin, in every quality of a good speech. 
Put my frank on one thousand of my speeches to-night, and 
read 33d and 34th chapters of Numbers. 

January 26, 1860. — Went by Globe office this morning and 
corrected proof of my remarks on yesterday. Went to Capi- 
tol, and wrote to A. A. Lovcll, of Massachusetts. W. Z. Neal, 
of Lebanon, J. G. Frazier, of Wilson county, and S. S. Bush, of 
Louisville, Ky. Franked a number of Globes. Ordered the 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON, 225 

Congressional Globe and Appendix, to be sent to the Meview, 
at Franklin ; Telegraphy at Murfreesboro' ; Herald, at Lebanon ; 
and ' Courier and Enquirer, Gallatin. The session to-day was 
rather dull — devoted to voting for Speaker. No election. Put 
my frank to-night on 1025 of my speeches. Read 35th and 36th 
chapters of Numbers. 

January \21, 1860. — To-day there was a great excitement 
over a ballot for Speaker — Smith of N. C, received 112 votes — 
within two of enough to elect. Did receive, in fact, two more 
than enough to elect, but the votes received from the Pa. and 
N. J. men, were withdrawn, leaving 112. Sherman voted for 
Corwiu. Three Democrats, Davis and Holman, of Indiana, 
and Allen, of Ohio, refused to vote for Smith. Now thought 
we will elect somebody on Monday. Adjourned over to Mon- 
day. Great excitement about the Hotels to-night; caucus- 
sing going on extensively. "Wrote to sister Mary to-night, in 
answer to letter received from her this morning. Read. 

January 28, 1860. — "Went, this morning, to the Post-ofl&ce 
Department. Got office established at "Walter's Hill, and Til- 
ford appointed Post-Master. Got office established, also, at 
College Grove, "Williamson county, and had Post-Master ap- 
pointed. Made application for mail route, from Murfreesboro' 
to Liberty. "Went to Land Office, to see about land gi-ants, for 
Mrs. Martin and John D. Owen. Inquired for Marshall's Straw- 
cutter, but did not find it. Went to the Smithsonian Institute; 
looked at the curiosities. Saw Prof. Henry, a mild, quiet man, 
of plain, unpretending manners. He was in his Laboratory. 
"Wrote to Tilford, "Wynne, Yaughn, Sophie, Jones, and franked 
a large number of documents. Read. 

January 29, 1860. Rose early, this morning — read my let- 
ters — looked over the papers — eat breakfast, and went round 
to the Southern Methodist Church, with General Davis, of Mis- 
sissippi. Heard the singing in the Sunday School — then heard 
a very excellent sermon, from these words: "Serve the Lord, 
with fear; rejoice, with trembling." — 2d Psalm, 11. Came 
home, and wrote some letters — one, to Rev. T. C. Blake, and 
15 



226 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

oneto.Eev. "W. C. Johnson. Then went out, for the second 
time since I have been in the city, walking. Called on Quarles 
and Brabson. Came back, and sat down to read my Bible. 
Read several chapters ; also read before retiring. 

January 30, 1860. — Took a long walk up the Avenue, this 
morning. Stopped in at Mr. Somebody's gallery, and had my 
photograph taken, at his request, for his book of portraits. 
Went from there to the Capitol, and found it literally crowded, 
galleries and floor — ladies sitting on seats in the Hall, cloak 
rooms, etc. Great excitement prevailed, before the balloting 
began, and throughout the entire session. Sherman withdrew 
his name, and voted for Pennington, of New Jersey, as did his 
entire party — giving 115 votes, 117 being necessary to a choice. 
Smith, of North Carolina, received 113 votes, four of the anti- 
Lecompton Democrats refusing to vote for him, throwing their 
votes away. Adjourned in this state. Read. 

January 31, 1860. — To-day has been one of great excitement 
in the House — Pennington receiving 116 votes, for Speaker; 
McClernon, some 90, and the balance scattering. One hundred 
and seventeen would have elected. It is thought Pennington 
will be elected on the first ballot, on to-morrow. After one bal- 
lot, the House adjourned at 5 o'clock. Wrote to George W. 
Allen, W. H. Tilford, E. L. Jordan, Jr., and sent off some papers, 
speeches, etc. To-night there has been great caucusing going 
on — all to no purpose ; all the object in it is, if possible, to put 
the Southern Opposition in a false light. Read. 

Washington City, D. C, 
January 30, 1860. 
My Dear Wife: — 

This has been a most exciting day in the House — more 
so than any day of the session — it being thought, on each bal- 
lot, that there would be an election of Speaker, But there was 
not — our man coming within four votes of an election, and the 
Republican candidate within one vote, of an election. It is 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 227 

thought that to-morrow will decide it. I think a Eepublican 
will be elected — Mr. Pennington, of l!^ew Jersey. 

Yesterday, I was at church. It was a bright, clear day — a 
little cold. Had a good sermon. Thought of you and the little 
ones. Saw a boy that reminded me, strikingly, of Eeilly. I do 
want to see the little rascals, so badly. I see them by day and 
by night — awake, and in dream-land. God bless them. Saw 
the Herald, yesterday — gives some news of Wilson. * * 

Stokes and the Tennessee Legislature have been up to Louis- 
ville. You will see an account of it in the Intelligencer — make 
John read it to you. It made me cry. I love this Union — its 
glories and its greatness ; the blessings it secures to me, I would 
see transmitted by it to my children. For those who are care- 
less of its prosperity, I have neither love nor respect. Madness 
rules the hour. What will be the result, no man can tell. I 
believe this Union will last one hundred years, at least. The 
honest people will take care of it — running over and trampling 
under foot, those who lay upon it their sacrilegious hands. 

My health is very good — better than before my little spell. 
It did me good, though it was quite severe. 

Had another photograph taken this morning. Did not see it. 
The artist is getting up a book, and will have all the members 
in it. May get you one, if it suits. The one taken last week 
is said to be excellent. Is as large as the picture of Washing- 
ton, in our room — the size they are all taken at that gallery. 

Wrote to Mary, yesterday, in answer to letter from her. She 
is doing finely in writing to me. Had read my speech, and 
was miicli pleased at it, she said. I was not — the difference be- 
tween us. 

My love to all at home ; kiss the children for pa, until they 
beg you to quit. God bless and take care of you, my dear 
Sophie. 

Your affectionate husband, 

E. Hatton. 

February 1, 1860. — Mr. Pennington, of New Jersey, was 
elected Speaker to-day, receiving 117 votes — Briggs, of New 
York, and Davis, of Maryland, voting for him. The excite- 



228 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

ment was intense — some applauding, others hissing. On being 
conducted to the chair, he made a ver}^ appropriate address — 
full of patriotic sentiments. Everybody seemed pleased with 
it, even the fire-eaters. After some exhibitions of bad man- 
ners, by a number of Democrats, the House adjourned. Read. 

Washington City, D. C, 
February 2, 1860. 
My Dear Wife: — 

Your letter, of the 27th of January, was received tliis 
morning. Was gratified that you were pleased at my little 
speech. It pretended to nothing, and as I said to you before, 
could not, consequently, have been a great failure. I trust I 
may never do anything that will cause you to feel ashamed of 
me. 

The great hurrah over the election of Speaker is ended, and 
everybody is relieved, though some were greatly displeased at 
the result. Who Mr. Pennington is, you will see from the pa- 
pers. He is a very fine-looking man — about father's age and 
size — a good and true man, whose only sin is his concert with 
the Eepublicans, in whose doctrines and views he does not sym- 
pathize. 

A bit of news to you. Last night, I went out to a party ! 
Was invited by Mr. Hardeman, of Georgia, to go with him and 
wife, in their hack; concluded, as we had elected a Speaker^ 
and many, if not most, of tlio members were getting drunk 
over it, that I might at least go to a party — if I behaved. 
Went at 10 o'clock, and returned at 11:30 o'clock, Hardeman 
and wife being sensible people. Some five hundred were there 
— of all sorts and sizes, and, as I said to Mrs. H., as we came 
back, more ugly women than I ever before saw together, ac- 
cording to the number. I was the only man there that I saw 
refuse to drink. So much for my advent into society. Was 
invited to a party, to-night, but have had enough to do me, for 
the present. 

What you wrote me about the children, delighted me. Bless 
their dear little hearts, I know they love their pa, and will re- 
joice at his return. Tell them pa will continue to send them 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 229 

pictures, etc., and they must be good, and study their books, 
and learn to road the jJapers I send them. Do they study well? 
Tell them pa hopes they do. 

I do "remember" that your eyes are very weak. Think 
daily of it; for, if they were not, you could write to me daily, 
and long letters, too. I am just the one that does not forget it. 
Would, for your own dear sake, and for my sake, your eyes 
were well. Do just the best you can, and I will be thankful. 
Tell John that he has, I suppose, seen my correction of Mr. 
Cox's remarks, to which I made some reply, a week or two ago. 
I made it for the reason which I stated. I have no fears about 
my temper. Never did unnecessarily offend anybody. Would 
not, without cause, wound a dog — much less, any rational being. 
So to do, is criminal, in my opinion. I have, myself, been 
treated with entire respect, by all sides of the House. 

I enclose you a piece of poetry, given me by General Eeuben 
Davis, of Mississippi, written by his wife. He is quite friendly 
with me, and thinks a great deal of his wife. Say something 
about it, that I can show him. Love to all. 

Your affectionate husband, 

E. Hatton. 




230 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 



CHAPTEE VIII. 

1860, Continuation of his Diary— From February 2d to the arrival of Mrs. Hatton 

in Washington, May 14, 1860— Letters to his Wife— Letters to his Children, Reilly 
and Many— Letter to his Sister, Mrs. Mary E. Peyton— His Views, Remarks and 
Observations on Men and Things— Visit to Mount Vernon— To Annapolis— To 
Georgetown— To Baltimore— Dines with Lieut. M. F. Maury— Meets with Lord 
Lyons, British Minister to the United States— His estimate of him and Maury— In- 
troduction and Interviews with other distinguished persons— Regular attendant at 
Church— Chairman of the House Committee on Naval Expeditures— Corruptions in 
the Navy Department- His Speech— 1860. 

We continue to copy from Mr. Hatton's Diary, and to intro- 
duce his letters, believing they will be far more interesting to 
the reader than anything that we could say, or might be able 
to accomplish, by way of condensation. Very few of his notes 
or letters, are without interest, and the careful reader will, we 
doubt not, feel that he has been amply repaid for his labor of 
perusal. 

February 2, 1860. — It is bitter cold out-doors — has been all 
day. As there was no session of the House, I have not "been 
out of doors to-day. Have written a number of letters — one 
to Sophie, and one to M. S. Gunter, in regard to Dr. News' son. 
Eead. 

February 3, 1860. — To-day, John "W. Forney was elected 
Clerk, and Mr. Hoffman Sergeant-at-Arms ; one an anti-Le- 
compton Democrat, and the other an American. Both received 
the Eepubliean vote, and a part of the anti-Lecompton Demo- 
crats and Americans. After these elections, the House ad- 
journed until Monday. Came home, and wrote to Johnnie, 
President T. C. Anderson, and to T. J. Finnic, of Memphis ; 
got a letter from mother, in which she gives me some ncAVS 
about John, that displeases me. Saw Lafayette Beech and his 
brother Alden, on their way to New York. Eead. 

February 4, 1860. — No session of the House to-day ; went uj) 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 231 

to the Hall to tiy and arrange to get some drafts on New York, 
but failed to do it, every thing being in confusion in the office 
of Sergeant-at-Arms. Sat for my picture at one of the fashion- 
able galleries, at request of Artist ; went to see Mrs. Bell and 
daughters at Willard's ; found company in, and stayed but a 
few minutes. Came home with cold feet and bad tooth-ache ; 
have been trying to doctor my tooth with chloroform, etc., but 
it still aches. Eead. I am going to lie down, not to sleep 
much, I fear. 

February 5, 1860. — Have had tooth-ache all day — not been 
out, except to Dentist's ; went to Dr. Humphrey's to get tooth 
pulled ; he could not get into his office, to his instruments, and 
I came off with my tooth. Don't hurt much now. Read. 

February 6, 1860. — House met to-day, and elected Door- 
keeper and Post-Master; both elected by Eepublicans, one was 
an anti-Lecompton-Democrat, and the other a Fillmore-Whig. 
It is singular, but true, that the Republicans have elected no 
one of their own regular partizans yet. Two or three of the 
Southern Oj)position voted for Marston, who was elected Door- 
keeper. I did not — voting for a man of my own party in all 
the elections. Read. 

February 7, 1860. — No session of the House to-day; have 
spent it in attending to business at the Departments — Interior, 
and Post-office. Came back and wrote some letters, and read 
some papers ; and after reading, am going to bed at 12 o'clock, 

February 8, 1860. — To-day there was no session of the House ; 
stayed in my room, writing and reading until 3|- o'clock ; 
wrote to Wm. L. Martin, at Nashville, and to W. D. Martin, at 
Lebanon, and to various others. At 3J o'clock went out by 
special invitation, to Lieut. M. F. Maury's, to dine. Maynard 
went with me ; we met only one other person besides the fam- 
ily ; that was Lord Lyons, the present Minister of England, to 
the United States. Spent the evening delightfully — both 
Maury and Lord Lyons being most agreeable persons — 
exceedingly plain, and free of pretension ; easy and entertain- 
ing in manner and conversation. Read on my return. 



232 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 



Washington, D. C, 

February 8, 1860. 
My Dear Wife: — 

I mailed a letter to you this morning, enclosing draft for 
$150 on N"eTV York ; also, two notes, one from Prentice, and 
the other from Lieut. Maurj^ This ought to satisfy me with 
writing to you, for to-day (?) Ought it not? It does not. No 
time is so pleasantly spent by me, as when writing to my wife. 
It is hard ?ro?-A' for you Lebanonites to write — hence, a great deal 
is not rightfully to be expected of you. As it is my chief 
source of pleasure, you will, some of you, complain at my im- 
posing the reading of so many letters on you ! 

Etheridge has just left my room ; we have had one of our 
family talks, of which we, are equally fond, and hence, have 
them quite frequently ; he has been to see his little girl, who is 
out at school, and had a great deal to say to me of her, of his 
boy, and wife. If he was a woman, you would be certain we 
were dead in love with each other ; we eat together, walk to 
and from the Capitol together, sit in the House together, room 
by each other, are alike in politics, in religion, and our feelings 
and sympathies ; hence, are interested in each other, and — seem- 
ingly, in nobody else. Don't get jealous of him, and I will not 
of Miss Mag JS'orman, who is so much with you. 

Well, I went to Lieut. M. F. Maury's to dinner; dined at 4^ 
o'clock ; Maynard came by, and went with me. Said Lieut. M. 
met him at the President's Levee last night, and requested him 
to meet me at his house for dinner. We met only one jDerson 
outside the family, and he was no less a person, than a live 
English lord — Lord Lyons, the British Minister. He is a fine, 
hearty-looking Englishman, of easy and agreeable manners, 
very ])olito and defferential to others ; is about forty -five years 
old, dresses with extreme plainness — not more showy than 
'Squire McClain, and has not a bit more of pretension about 
him. Our conversation was in refei'ence to national customs, 
institutions of learning, languages, etc. He said the Americans 
spoke the English language better than the English — did not 
write it so correctly. Our books were well AATitten ; our 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 233 

newsj^aper literature, defective in style, etc. Was full of good 
humor, saying some spicy things. So much for Lord Lyons, 
of whom, I am willing to see more, as an agreeable person, in 
whose society there is edification. 

Lieut. Maury is, at home, easy and graceful ; as easy as — 
who? Anybody. Full of conversation on all character of 
topics; any thing, that seems to interest his company. We did 
not see Mrs. Maury, she being in bed, sick ; this I regretted ; 
I wanted to see her; she is a sister of Lieut. Herndon, who was 
lost on the George Law. [Was it not the Central America f 
Drake.] She sent in her regrets ; hoped to see us frequently 
at her house, etc. The children — fovir in number — were in the 
parlor, modest, and well behaved. At dinner, they were seated 
with us; the oldest, a girl of about sixteen, presiding in place 
of her mother. Before sitting down to the table, a beautiful 
" blessing " was repeated by the youngest child — a little girl, 
who did it as naturally and as quietly — with as much self-pos- 
session — as father could have done it. This, I supjjose, is an 
Episcopalian custom. Don't know, however. It is evidently 
something to which his children are accustomed, neither of 
them seeming to regard it as at all unusual. 

The dinner was excellent — bountiful and rich ; not, however, 
foolishly extravagant. Not a bit finer than you get up for a 
Methodist preacher. !N"o parade ; nothing fashionable in the 
courses ; one change of plates, just as at your table ; but one 
servant — a yellow man — was seen in the room. He did not 
speak, nor was he spoken to, during the dinner. This pleased 
me ; no fuss, no excitement, nobody in a hurry, as is so often 
the case at a Tennessee dinner. Maury is a Churchman — no 
doubt a very pious one. What an argument for the truth of 
the Bible — of revealed religion ! The man, above all others in 
science, now alive, a meek and humble worshipper ! What a 
rebuke to the empty-headed upstart, who curls up his lip, as I 
have seen them do, and speaks contemptuously of religion, as 
something beneath his mighty powers ! But I am not writing 
on religion — at least, did not start to write on that subject. 

After dinner, we sat an hour-and-a-half, and expressing our 
pleasure at the agreeable evening's entertainment, bade the 



234 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

family good evening, and retired ; receiving a cordial invitation 
to visit them often. 

Came home — no, not home^ but to my room ; read the eve- 
ing papers ; was broken in npon by Etheridge ; disposed of 
him, and began to wi'ite this letter, which is too long for sore 
eyes to read ; so it is time it was ended. 

AYrote to father to-day, in answer to the two letters he has 
written to me. h< >K =i^ * * Will send you 

another draft in a few days ; pay up every thing you can find 
we owe. I have the money, and want every thing paid up 
squarely. 

My love to all hands — nigs and Prince, included. Kiss the 
children for me until they and you are all tired ; be good and 
hajDpy ; may Grod bless and guard you all, is my prayer. 

Your affectionate husband, 

E. Hatton. 

Mr. Hatton wrote occasionally to his children, the eldest not 
being six years old. We have omittted to introduce some of 
his letters, heretofore, that were interesting and pleasing to 
them ; but will hereafter copy a i&w of them, as illustrative of 
the man, and showing his great affection for his children. 

The following is briefer than usual : 

Washington, D. C, 

February 8, 1860. 
My Dear Children: — 

Pa has taken off his coat and boots to go to bed, but be- 
fore he lies down, he wants to tell you how much he loves you, 
and how much he desires you to be good children. He loves 
you better than any body in the world loves you, except ma. 
She and pa love you just alike. He prays God, before he goes 
to bed, to bless his sweet little children at home, and take care 
of them, and make them good children to mind their ma, not 
to tell stories, or be wicked an}^ way. 

I sent you, yesterday, another picture paper. It was printed 
in London, across the ocean. Pa gave 25 cents for it, and told 
some Congressmen, who were Avith him, that he was going to 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 235 

send it to you. I told them you were pretty and good children. 
Kiss and hug your ma for me. Good night, and may God bless 

you. 

Your affectionate father, 

E. Hatton. 

February 9, 1860. — To-day, called with Etheridge and Quarles, 
on Mr. Gilmer's family, as we were going to the House. In 
the House, nothing was done. An attempt was made to go 
into the election of Public Printer, but it failed. Came home 
and wrote a number of letters ; went down to a " hop," in the 
parlor, where there was a great crowd of fashionable people — 
stayed but a little while. Eead. 

February 10, 1860. — To-day, I have done little but write let- 
ters. Wrote to Ira P. Jones, E. I. Golladay, Tom. Barry, and 
Sojihie. Franked a number of speeches, &c. A violent free- 
soil speech was made by a Connecticut man, which produced 
much bad feeling. Nothing of business was accomplished. The 
Post-office Deficiency bill was returned to the House, from the 
Senate, with an amendment, abolishing the franking privilege. 
Eead. 

February 11, 1860. — "Went early to the Capitol. Wrote Jas. 
M. King, of Triune ; McDonough, of Murfreesboro, and John 
H. Martin, of same place. Sent some speeches to all the papers 
in my district, and also to some of my leading friends. The 
session was spent in Committee of the Whole on the State of the 
Union, considering the Senate's amendment to the Post-office 
bill. Eesult of amendment abolishing franking privilege, 
doubtful. Memorial of certain citizens of Philadelphia, in re- 
gard to the Navy Yard there, received and referred to my com- 
mittee. It alledges gross frauds on the government there. 
Eead. 

February 12, I860.— Went to the Southern Methodist Church, 
and heard an excellent sermon from the regular pastor, Mr. 
Proctor. After dinner, went with Etheridge after his little 
daughter, and we took a long walk through the city, going 



236 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

through the grounds of the Smithsonian Institute, the Wash- 
ington Monument, &c., &c. Were gone two or three hours — 
the longest walk, by far, I have taken since I have been in the 
city. Came home and took tea, wrote a number of letters, and 
read a number of chapters in Psalms, Proverbs, &c. 

February 13, 1860. — To-day we had quite an exciting time in 
the House over the election of Public Printer. DeFrees, of In- 
diana, being the Eepublican nominee, and Glassbrenner, being 
the Democratic nominee, he being in combination with certain 
Southern American printers, thereby securing the votes of most 
of the Southern Opposition men. I voted for him on that 
ground. Wrote to a number of my constituents, and franked a 
number of documents. Eead. 

February 14, 1860. — To-day's session of the House was con- 
sumed^in Committee of the Whole, considering the Post-office 
bill. The Senate's amendment, abolishing the franking privi- 
lege, was disagreed to, and the bill goes back to the Senate. 
The vote in the House, on this amendment was, 60 for it, and 
112 against it. This vote settles the question for this Congress. 
Wrote to Thos. H. Bostick, Dr. J. B. Eichmond, to the Post- 
office Department, to Pension-office, to Dr. Gr. W. C. Bonds, and 
to vSophie. Eead. 

February 15, 1860. — Good part of to-day was sj)ent in ballot- 
ing for Public Printer. No election — DeFrees getting 90 votes — 
91 being necessary to an election. Wrote to Wilcher, of Can- 
non, A. M. Flowers, Turner Yaughn, Secretary of War, Eolfe 
Saunders, and Hon. Jerre Clemens ; also to Daniel E. Fakes, of 
Wilson ; franked some speeches to Woodbury, and to Wilson 
county. Sent News to Sophie, and some fancy pictures to Ecilly 
and Many. Got no letter from home, as I expected. Was 
much disappointed, as I was confidently looking for one. 
Eead. 

February 16, 1860. — To-day, the session of the House was 
consumed in calling on the States and Territories for bills, reso- 
lutions, petitions, &c. A very large number were introduced. 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 237 

A niimlDer of resolutions, &c., were referred to the Committee 
on Expenses in the Navy Department. Sent to my district, a 
number of pamphlet copies of the lists of committees. Wrote 
a long letter to Sophie. Got none to-day from her. Eead. 

February 17, 1860. — Nothing of any importance, done in the 
House to-day, though the session was a protracted one. The 
election of Public Printer was postj)oned until Monday. Got 
no letter still from home. Am really out of patience. Shall I 
quit writing? That would not be returning good for evil. 
Wrote a long letter to Beaumont, one to Campbell and McEwen, 
and one to Dr. Jas. S. Dyer. Sent copy of Army Eegulations 
to Wm. Hy. Smith, and franked some hundred speeches to 
Wilson county. Eead. 

February 18, 1860. — No session of the House to-day. At an 
early hour went to the Post-office Department on business. 
From there went to the Capitol, to see Sergeant-at-Arms. 
Drew $1,300 in form of draft on New York, which I indorsed 
to Thos. H. Bostick, with directions by letter, enclosing the 
draft, to deposit the proceeds in the Bank of Middle Tennessee, 
subject to the order of Sophie, or Johnnie Peyton. Wrote to 
Johnnie, to Sophie, to Neal, to G. W. Simpson, McLean, of 
Murfreesboro', to Drs. New & Gunter, of Woodbury, and ^ to 
Judge E. L. Caruthers. Sent Gunter the notice of young News' 
appointment as Cadet at West Point. Eead. 

February 19, 1860. — To-day have stayed in my room most of 
the time. Have not been out of the hotel since I came from 
the Capitol yesterday. Eeceived a large number of letters by 
morning's mail, which I read and re-read, some of them — it 
being so cold and snowy as to confine me to the house. Wrote 
to Mr. J. M. Blalock, of Sumner county; to AUbright, of same ; 
and to Baxter Smith, of same. After dinner, had company, 
Etheridge, Brabson, Stokes, and Hon. J. S. Carlyle, of Ya.; 
and consumed the evening in conversation on law, religion and 
politics — unprofitably ! Eead. 

February 20, 1860. — Nothing of interest or importance done 



238 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

in the House to-day. A resolution, in favor of restoring the 
writing desks to the Hall, was passed ; but the resolution giving 
time to the workmen to remove the present seats, and put in 
the desks, failed. To-night, at the special invitation of Mr. 
Gilmer, I went to a party at his hotel. It was to me — as such 
places usually are — stupid. Spent most of my time with Mr. 
Gilmer, in his room talking politics. Eead. 

February 21, 1860. — Mr. Davis, of Md., made a most splen 
did display of wit, humor, sarcasm, and argument, in a speech 
on the floor of the House, to-day. He was reviewing the action 
of the Maryland Legislature, in its censure of his vote for Pen- 
nington for Speaker. His manner is very superior. In short, 
he is, in my opinion, decidedly the man, not only of the House 
of EejDresentatives, but of this Congress. Those of his party, 
who have been denouncing him, must have felt thoroughly 
ashamed of themselves. Eead. 

February 22, I860.— The Equestrian Statue of Washington 
was inaugurated here to-day, Mr. Bocock, of Va., playing the 
orator of the occasion. He is said to have sustained himself 
very well. The military were in full force, there being six or 
seven hundred of the New York Ecgiment here in full uniform, 
with some half dozen bands of music. Virginia and Maryland 
troops were also here. The procession was a most imjjosing 
one. The weather was bad, and I did not go out ; stayed in 
my room and wrote to Battle, of Triune ; Blake, McDonald, P. 
M. General, Tilford, Sophie, and franked a number of speeches. 
Eead. 

Washington City, D. C, 

February 22, 1860. 
My Dear Sophie : — 

This has been a great day in Washington. The Statue 
of Washington was inaugurated to-day. and an immense crowd . 
was here. Some 500 or 600 in a regiment from the city of 
New York, a number from Virginia and Marj'land, and a vast 
crowd of other strangers. The ceremonies were said to be 
most grand and imposing. Mx. Bocock delivered the principal 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 239 

address, which is represented as very appropriate, &c. Old 
Buck also had something to say. The procession was indeed 
splendid, consisting of the military — infantry, cavalry, and ar- 
tillery — and orders, and citizens — men, women and children ; 
jjrivate carriages, and hacks innumerable. The finest, and to 
me the most attractive feature of the procession, was the music 
— some eight or ten splendid bands — one containing some fifty 
musicians. I had a fine view of them from the hotel window. 
Did not go out to the grounds ; stayed in my- room, and felt 
verj^ much at home — for once, I had quiet — no body being left 
in the house, scarcely, it seemed, but 2ne. So much for the 
great day of the inauguration of the Statue of Washington, 
which has cost to-day, not less than $30,000. The Government 
appropriated for, in part, defraying the expense of the parade, 
$10,000. Thought it was foolish, but cared nothing about it. 
Didn't cost me even hack-hire. 

I got father's letter this morning. It afforded me great pleas- 
ure, as he said you were all getting on pleasantly. * ^ 

The weather is now warm here, quite so. ^ * My love 
to all. Kiss the children for pa, and tell them he wants to see 
them "mighty bad." 

Your affectionate husband, 

E. Hatton. 

February 23, 1860. — Went up early, to-day, 11 o'clock, to 
see the President review the New York Regiment, which con- 
sisted in his walking in the street, with his hat in his hand, in 
front of the troops, drawn up in line, in the street in front of 
the White House. He was accompanied by the Secretary of 
War, his private Secretary, and three other gentlemen, two of 
whom were members of the House of Representatives. Con- 
test for Public Printer continued to-day. No election — Ball, of 
Ohio, coming within one vote of an election. The thing will be 
wound up to-morrow. Read. 

February 24, 1860. — Had several ballots for Printer to-day, 
but without election. Both the Democrats and Republicans 
seemed to abandon hope of success. Seaton, of the Intelli- 



240 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

gencer, received, on the first ballot, 16 votes, and some hopes 
are entertained that he may be elected. I hope so, as he is an 
honest and capable man, in whose election there would be an 
unmistakable guarantee that no injustice would be done the 
Government. Adjourned, after having two set speeches from 
Eepublican side. Eead. 

February 25, 1860. — Went to the Land Office early, to-day, 
on business ; from there to the Post-office Department ; thence, 
home. The day is delightful, the sun shining out brightly, and 
the air being soft and balmy. Wrote to John Peyton, General 
McCoin, Sophie, John DeFrees, and to D. C. White. Eead 
over speech of Henry Winter Davis, in the Globe. It is poorly 
reported. Such a speech cannot, however, be reported. The 
splendid action, and superior emphasis of the speaker, as well 
as his peculiarities of expression, are lost. Eead. 

February 26, 1860. — Went to the Southern Methodist Church, 
and heard a j)lain, sensible discourse, by the regular pastor, Mr. 
Proctor. Small congregation, though the day was beautiful. 
Came home, and ate dinner at the early dinner hour. Lay 
down, and went to sleep, and slept until quite late in the eve- 
ning. Eose ; wrote a number of letters ; read some ; got sup- 
per ; wrote letters again. Eead. 

February 27, 1860. — Went up to Willard's Hotel, this morning, 
to call on Dr. Sehon, but did not sec him. He had gone to New 
York. On my return, called to see a gallery of paintings. 
Got to the Capitol at 12 o'clock. Found young Brewer, of 
Kentucky, there, just on his way home from Europe. He is a 
fool about his travels ; is badly spoiled. Dangerous thing, for 
young men to go to Europe. Ford, of Ohio, was elected 
Printer, to-day, by one vote. Glad the foolish contest is ended. 
Eead. 

February 28, 1860. — Went to the Capitol, this morning, early, 
and wrote to Johnnie Peyton and Mr. Joseph S. Fowler, of 
Gallatin. Sent draft on New York, for 8115.66, to John, in the 
letter to him, being sum received by mc from W. B. Green, of 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 241 



Petersburg, Va., for services as a lawyer, in 1854. Tlie session 
of the House was spent in an effort to pass a bill reducing the 
mileage of members. Bill was tabled, though it had a decided 
majority in its favor. Came home, and wrote to Sophie, and 
to Charles Lanman. Read the newspapers and the Bible. 

"Washington, D. C, 

February 28, 1869. 
Dear Sophie: — 

I got your letter, enclosing one from Philadelphia, etc. 

:^ ;lc >;< ^ >f; ;lc :)< ^ ^ :{c >>; 

Told one of the "short-hand men" about what Reilly said 
about his having his scratching read; it tickled him, mightily. 

^ ;1< ;i< >|< * ^ >ii :|; t^ * ;lc 

Went to Sunday School last Sunday morning. Small con- 
cern, even as compared with ours. Heard a good, plain ser- 
mon. 

Have written something in my common-place book, or Diary, 
for every day since I have been here, and read an average of 
about two and a half chapters of the Bible 

Took a long walk, with Stokes and Etheridge, yesterda}" 
evening. Weighed myself, while out. Weighed 136 pounds — 
more than I ever weighed before, by two and a half pounds. 
Getting fat, am I not? You are, too, I learn. Will make a 
respectable couple, yet. Was prevented by company, from be- 
ginning this letter until it was almost mail time. Stoj) to mail 
it. Will write to-morrow. Kiss the children for pa. Love to 
all. 

Your affectionate husband, 

R. Hatton. 

February 29, 1860. — Mr. Seward spoke in the Senate to-day. 
Occupied the floor for more than two hours. He is an un- 
pleasant speaker, his voice being husky and unpleasant. He 
is, however, a very great man — cautious, yet bold, when he feels 
that his position has been taken. He is a most ingenious man. 
Douglas made a short reply to him, in which he exhibited his 
usual qualities of boldness and consumate demagoguery. His 
16 



242 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

delivery is much bettei' than Seward's. Wrote to W. G. McAdo, 
W. Z. Neal, and to Dr. Dismukes. Eead. 

March 1, 1860. — Nothing of interest or importance transpired 
in the House to-day. Mr. Ashmore made a speech, defending 
his vote for McClernard, for Speaker, in which he referred to 
Buchanan's record on slavery, as compared with McClernard's. 
Wrote a number of letters — one to Sophie. Took a long walk, 
after dinner, on Seventh street, toward the river. Delightful 
weather. Came back, and wrote to Mr. Elliott. Got two let- 
ters from Sophie, one from Bostick, and one from Mary. Eead. 

Washington, D. C, 

March 1, 1860. 
My Dear Wife: — 

This is a lovely morning — one of the loveliest I ever be- 
held. The sun is shining brightly ; the air is soft and balmy ; 
the birds are singing merrily, in the trees ; in the language of 
the song, "the face of all nature looks gay;" yet I am sad. I 
walked out in the grounds surrounding the Capitol, as I came 
from my hotel, and sat down on one of the hundred seats scat- 
tered about under the trees. A vagrant organ-grinder being in 
sight, I called him to me, and told him to give me all the music 
in his box. He put down his organ, and began. The third 
piece was "Home." Need I say that it brought tears into my 
eyes? The organist was, of course, a foreigner. I asked him 
where he was from. "From Italy." "Any family in this 
country?" "No." "Where are your folks?" " Old country." 
"Want to see them?" He looked out from under his heavy, 
dark brows, as much as to say, who is it that aslcs me if I want 
to see my folks? not saying a word, for several seconds. I re- 
peated the question. His large, black Italian eyes blazing with 
feeling, he at last said: "I do; want to see them very bad." 
"You live here?" I said, "No." "Where are you from?" I 
told him, Tennessee. Taking courage by my kind manner, he 
rested his elbow on the corner of his organ, and asked me if 
my folks were in Tennessee. I told him, yes, that I had not seen 
them for three months. He said: "It has been three years since 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 243 



I saw my people." I watched his eyes, closely, and they were 
filling with tears. I then told him to play, over again, all the 
pieces— which he did. I gave him a quarter, and asked him if 
he was going to stay in Washington. He said : "Yes, for two 
months." I told him to come into the grounds, often— that I 
wanted him to play -Home." He said: "I will, sir; thank 
you," taking off his hat. I left, and came into the Hall, and 
sat down to write to " loved ones at home." The Speaker'calls 
the House to order at 12 o'clock, m. The minister who prayed, 
prayed for the families of members, absent from them— the 
second time that it has been done during the session. 

I have got no letters from home, now for four days. Will 
certainly get one to-night, or in the morning. Want one, badly. 
Would that I were with you all, this bright day. There is a 
probability that the House will adjourn, a week or ten days 
about the middle of next month, If so, I will certainly go to 
Lebanon. Oh, the folly of human ambition ! It has driven me 
away from home— made me, much of my life, miserable. Still, 
without it, I would have been, to-day, a country plowman, in 
Long Hollow. Would I have been less happy? Certainly not 
less contented than I now am. 

Dr. Sehon and daughters were here, last week. He annoyed 
me with his extreme kindness. * H< * >k >i< 

Miss wrote to me, yesterday, for ten dollars, and 

requested that I should go down on the boat, with her and 
others, to Mount Yernon. I replied that I could not go. Will 
be gratified when the city is relieved of a portion of its visitors. 

Has paid you the $— ? has acted badly, very meanly; 

so with the world; a very hard one, isn't it? have 

been a nuisance to me, here. 

I heard Mr. Seward and Mr. Douglas speak, on yesterday. 

They are great men, but neither is superior as a speaker. But 

few really great thinkers, have been accomplished declaimers. 

I sent Many's music, yesterday. Hope it will arrive safe 

Kiss the children for me, a dozen times, and give my love to all. 

Your affectionate husband, 

E. Hatton. 



244 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 



March 2, 1860. — Ford, of Ohio, was again elected Printer, 
to-day. Hardly set this election aside, as his majority was 
clear and decided. He (Ford) is kindly s^Doken of; but I do 
not like his looks, at all, — bad countenance. A great deal of 
business was transacted — mostly, business on the private Cal- 
endar. Wrote a long letter to Mary, in answer to hers, received 
yesterday. Came home, got dinner, and with Etheridge, took 
a long walk. Came back; read papers; wrote to Sophie, and 
Solomon, of Gallatin. Read. 

March 3, 1860. — "Went up to the Capitol, this morning, and 
had my committee room fitted up. Went to the hot-house, and 
looked at a splendid variety of tropical flowers and shrubs. 
Then came to my room, and wrote some letters. Had a con- 
ference with Mr. Sherman, in reference to the business of the 
Committee on Expenses in the I^avy. Went out on the Avenue ; 
met Mr. McKnight's little girl, and gave her a Canary bird and 
cage, which cost me four dollars — the only piece of extrava- 
gance of which I've been guilty, since I left home. Eead. 

March 4, 1860. — Walked up to Willard's Hotel this morning, 
the wind blowing almost a hurricane ; hat blew off, and had to 
run at full sjDeed, two hundred yards, to catch it. Went to 
Willard's, to see David Spence and family. They had gone out 
to church. Went, then, to the Episcopal Church, and heard 
Dr. Butler, a very superior man, indeed. The audience was 
very large and fashionable. Got tired of the lengthy opening 
ceremony. It is, in some respects, beautiful and solemn. Too 
much of form in it, however, and not enough spirituality. 
Read. 

March 5, 1860. — To-day, had a great hurrah over the passage 
of a resolution to elect a Chaplain to the House of Representa- 
tives. It at length passed, and the election was appointed for 
to-morrow, at 11 o'clock. Nothing else of much interest done. 
Read. 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 245 



Washington, D. C, 

3Iarch 4, 1860. 
Dear Sophie: — 

I went to the great clmrcli of the city, to day— the 
"Trinity" of Washington — the Episcopal — where old Buck, and 
all the fashionables, attend. The congregation was very large, 
and evidently fashionable — elegantly dressed men, women and 
children. I stopped at the door, to watch for the Sexton, to 
show me to a seat ; asked a gentleman who was passing in 
with his family, where he was. He very politely invited me to 
go and sit with him and family, which, as his was the hand- 
somest lady I have seen in Washington, of course, I at once 
accepted. So, down the long aisle I walked, and was ushered 
into an elegant pew, by the side of the lady, who handed me 
her gold-clasped prayer-book, and leaned her head down on the 
bench before her, to — pray (?) Of the book, I could make no 
use; didn't catch the "hang" of the service, though 1 pretended 
to be going through with it. Was this right? I was disposed 
to observe, respectfully, the usages of the church. Have you 
ever been much in an Episcopal chui-ch? I became wearied at 
the length of the opening service; consumed, at least, one 
hour, during which, I kneeled five times. How much better 
the simplicity of a Methodist church! One thing, however, 
about it, I did like — the fact, that nearly every one, even the 
children, were constantly engaged in the exercises, and not 
gazing about the church. They really looked devout, whether 
they were or not. The sermon was a good one, upon the effi- 
cacy and character of prayer. Never saw an apparently more 
attentive audience. 

Mr. David Spence, of Murfreesboro', has just left my room. 
He and his wife and sisters, are here, just from New York. 
Will call to see them to-morrow. It is said, that Mr. Euffin, 
one of the members of the House, from North Carolina, is en- 
gaged to the younger Miss S. — don't know about it. He has 
been to Tennessee, to see her during the session. They stoj) 
at Willard's Hotel — remain until Wednesday — the girls, per- 
haps longer. Spence is the first one of my constitutents that I 



246 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

have seen since I left Tennessee. He is a good friend of mine, 
and I was glad to see him. 

^,i ^ ■^^ '^ i^i ^ ^: ^i ^ H= 

Yesterday was a lovely da}^ — one of the most beautiful I ever 
saw, and there being no session of the House, I strolled out to 
the Capitol grounds and visited the Hot House, where I saw a 
wonderful variety of trojjical flowers, and shrubbery. I had 
no idea of the extent of the collection. Was really more in- 
terested in what I saw there, than at any other place I have 
visited in the city. In the evening I was called upon by Mr. 

Sherman, [here the letter closed abruptly, the second sheet 

being gone.] 

March 6, 1860. — Mr. Stockton, of Philadelphia, was elected 
Chaplain, to-daj^. Said to be a very superior man and minister. 
The scene during the progress of the ballotting was disgraceful, 
an efifort being made by many members, to give to the election 
a sectional bearing. This was a Southern man, and that one 
from the Xorth. I have great contempt for all such foolery. 
The bill reducing the mileage of members to 20 cents, per mile, 
calculated on an air line from their residence to Washington, 
was passed to-day by a very decided vote — only about 40 votes 
against it. Read. 

March 7, 1860. — By invitation of the Managers of the Mount 
Vernon Association, a large number of the members of Con- 
gress went down, to-day, to Mt. Vernon. Went on board of 
steamboat " Colyer." The "Marine Band" was on board, and 
discoursed, during the trij), thrilling strains of mai'tial music. 
Found the houses, fencing — cverj-thing, indeed, about the place, 
in sad condition — shameful state of dilapidation. The tomb of 
Washington was in but little better condition — looking more 
like an old Dutch bake-oven, than the last resting place of 
earth's greatest man. Left the jilace sad and thoughtful. 
Would that we had now a second Washington ! Eead. 

' March 8, 1860. — Nothing of special imi)ortancc done in the 
House to-day — dull session. Wrote to Sophie, John J. Critten- 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 247 

den and E. G. Dun, &c. Eeceived letters from Sophie, in which 
she recounts a singular dream, &c. Also got a letter from John 
in regard to my McClain check, which was rejected at the Ti-eas- 
ury, on account of variance between his indorsement and ordi- 
nary hand-writing. Two of my constituents — the Misse,^ 
Spence, are here at Brown's — going to spend some time. Read. 

March 9, 1860. — To-day passed off without anything occur- 
ing worthy of a note, except it be, that the exhibitions of the 
follies of the demagogue, were more strikingly illustrated than 
usual. Burnett, of Ky.; Smith, of Va.; and Houston, of Ala.; 
taking the lead in the most ridiculous exhibitions, on the floor. 
Came by the Botanic Garden, and ordered some plants for So- 
phie — principally shrubs. Will send them to her by Adams' 
Express. Head. 

March 10, 1860. — To-day there was no session of the House. 
Have spent the day in my room, reading and writing. Wrote 
a number of letters and franked a number of sjieeches. Eead . 

March 11, 1860. — Got up this morning rather late. Found 
letter from Sophie — two of them — one from Balie, one from 
sister Mary, also a paper from Sophie, enclosing some pressed 
flowers. Bless her dear heart for her kind letters and her 
pressed flowers. Took them, (the letters,) to my room and had 
a perfect treat reading them. At 11 o'clock, started to church, 
but was met by a telegraphic dispatch, that required attention, 
so did not go to church. To-night it was so unpleasant, that I 
did not go out to meeting. Eead. 

March 12, I860.— The "Homestead Bill," giving 160 acres of 
the public lands to certain persons, aliens being embraced, if 
they have declared the intention of becoming citizens, was 
passed, to-day, by a decidedly large vote in the House. It was 
voted for by but one Southern man — Craig, of Mo. It will 
hardly get through the Senate. Wrote to Balie Peyton, Ira P. 
Jones, Mrs. Patton, of Brady ville, and to Sophie, and sent 
Patent Office Eeport to Mr. Clark, of Murfreesboro'. Eead. 



248 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

March 13, 1860. — Nothing transpired of interest intheHouse 
to-day. The subject of Post-office expenses consumed most of 
the day. "Went to the Botanic Garden to see about some flow- 
ers, &c., for Sophie. Too cokl to send them, and ordered them 
put up as soon as it was warm enough. Read. 

Washington, D. C, 

March 12, 1860. 
My Dear Wipe: — 

I received this morning, your letter of seven pages ; also 
your note enclosed, with copy of Brownlow, and the floAvers. 
Thank you, Sophie, for your long letter — a real treat to me — 
full as it was, of a natural and easy account of matters and 
things transj^iring at home. Thank you for the note, and flow- 
ers, " to show that I (you) am not sick." I have put them care- 
fully away, to look at and think, " these flowers were plucked 
and handled by Sophie." In this letter I will enclose to you, a 
couple of pieces of cedar, which I got off of a tree in the yard 
at Mt. Yernon. One piece for Reilly, and one for Many. Have 
a little rose root, that I got there, that I am trying to make 
grow, and which, if I can keep it alive, I will bring home to 
you. * ^ ^ I also got your note enclosed about negro Sun- 
day Schools. Totally opposed to it. Would be glad to gratify 
the negroes, but no good, and much evil, will result from it. So, 
my positive order to them is, stay away. Judge Caruthers is 
right about it. It is all wrong ; ought not to be allowed. * * 
My love to the children and all hands at home. 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

March 14, 1860. — To day was almost a blank in the House. 
Some little speaking, and some pretty good. Curry made a 
good speech, skinning Douglas. He made decided chai-acter. 
Vance sj)oke, rivaling the Southern Fire-eaters, in his position. 

March 15, 1860. — To-day there was a great war over a rej^ort 
on the rules of the House. Ethcridge made an admirable 
speech, taking off the nuisances of the House, viz : Houston, 
Burnett, &c. Wrote a long letter to Sophie, one to Col. M. A. 
Price, enclosing him a draft. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 249 



Washington City, D. C, 

Marchl5, 1860. 
My Dear Wife: — 

Your sweet little letter, enclosing Eeilly's flowers, "gath- 
ered out in the frost," was received last night. It was not 
long, but really, as Mag would say, was very satisfactory, — 
affording me great pleasure. Father's letter enclosing a lock of 
the baby's hair, came by the same mail. I have showed all, hair 
and flowers, to a number of my friends ; among others, to the 
Misses Spence, and their Chaperon, Mrs. Singleton, of Missis- 
sippi. All say, "beautiful." Eeilly's talk about pa was hand- 
somely, graphically given. Could see the little fellow as plainly, 
and hear him as distinctly, as if I had been with you, seeing 
and hearing him in person. 

By-the-bye, I did not say, in my last letter that I ivas coming 
home, did I? I intended to say, that if the House adjourned, 
long enough to allow it, I would avail myself of the opportu- 
nity. It is thought the House will adjourn long enough for me 
to do that. I need not say, I suj^pose, but that I hope so. By 
coming by what is called the xilexander road, I can run to l!^ash- 
ville now in about 52 hours. Will, however, if I come home — 
how sti'ange to me the words, " come home" — I will not goto 
Nashville, but come from Grallatin,or Murfi-eesboro', saving time 
and distance. 

Last night, I took Etheridge into the parlor, and introduced 
him to the Misses Spence. * h^ ^ • Mrs. John Bell 
and daughter left here last Monday for New Jersey. She has 
been here, seeing about her husband's prospects for the Presi- 
dency. She is very shrewd. Too jealous of the position, and 
chances of other men for office. 

I sent you a box of shrubs by Adams' Express, last night. 
Sent to care of Allison & Anderson, Nashville. They were put 
up for me by the keeper of the Botanic Garden ; and are valu- 
able — at least would be so regarded by those who have a fancy 
for such things. * * * ^^ I do wish j^ou could 
see the garden from which this box comes. It is a perfect fairy 
garden ; oriental scene of beauty and splendor. When we get 



250 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

rich, ice will have one of our own. I am fond of such things ; 
of seeing them at least. * * * Say to father, that 

I will answer his letter very soon. Will also "\vi*ite to mother 
and the boys. My love to all the family. Kisses to the chil- 
dren. 

Affectionately, your husband, 

E. Hatton. 

March 16, 1860. — To-day, I sat for another picture at Brady's, 
at his request. Went with Henry McEwen to Smithsonian In- 
stitute. The discussion in the House, on the Eulcs, was con- 
tinued. Got a long letter from Sophie, which I answered with 
a long reply ; her letter was nine pages long, and one of the 
best she has written to me during the session. To-night, I at- 
tended a conversational lecture by Mr. Wood, of New York, 
on the Pacific Eailroad ; a learned and interesting man. Spent 
balance of night, writing. Eead. 

Washington City, D. C, 

March 16, 1860. 
Dear Sophie : — 

Thank you, my dear wife, for your long letter of the 
11th inst ; got it at the breakfast table, this morning, and I as- 
sure you, my eggs (I get them here) got cold, and coffee, too , 
while I read it over twice. Just as I was finishing the letter. 
Miss Sue Spence sent a servant down to my seat, with a request 
that I should come up to where she was breakfasting ; I did so ; 
ordering some hot coffee at my new seat. She said, "I sent for 

you, to let Mr. E and daughter see me do it. I was here 

last Winter ; since then, they and our family have split, and 
they and I are having nothing to do with each other — they 
basing their hostility to us, on our — or David's friendship for 

you." Mr. E and daughter were sitting about twelve feet 

from us. They looked daggers at her. Mr. E came here 

some five days ago, stayed a day or two, went to Patapsco, and 
brought his daughter and Miss Winchester, of Sumner, to the 
city. He and I have met and spoken — nothing passing, how- 
ever, beyond the merest formalities. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 251 

But, " back,'' as you say. Your letter — I said about your 
letter, only what I thought — not intending to be compliment- 
ary. You greatly undei-rate your capacity in writing letters. 
The one received from you this morning is a !N"o. 1 letter, in 
any countr}' — full of news, sense, affection. 

Your account of the visit of the relations (?) from Georgia, 
amused me ; but how foolish to let such things trouble anybody. 
Was astonished to hear that mother, father, Carry, etc., acted 
as they did. Say to them for me, " Did you ever have a near 
relation, who stopped in with his kin, and stayed more than 
anight?" I do not fancy certain things more than they, still 
I make it a point to act for what I regard the best — which is 
to try to make everybody about me comfortable and happy. 
No matter if it does put us to a little trouble. * ^^ * 

As the weather grows warmer, I will go out more. Stokes 
and I took a long walk last evening ; we spent most of the 
time during the walk, in conversing about home and families. 
Both concluded that the life we are leading, is anything but 
desirable ; at least, to those situated as we are. Can hardly 
take your advice, about going off to speak, lecture, etc. Have 
been invited, at least, a dozen times to do so, but have never so 
much as written an answer. Neither want to be humbugged, 
or to humbug. 

You must not get out of the notion of our building ; won't 
do to stop now. If you had had a house when the relations (?) 
came in, you would not have been at all embarrassed in their 
entertainment, nor would mother or father have been troubled. 

Don't make the children think that I am certainly coming ; 
do not want them disappointed, as they would be, if I don't get 
home. Love to all, especially to the children. 

Yours affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

March 17, 1860. — Spent most of the day in my room, enter- 
taining company, there being no session of the House ; wrote 
a number of letters ; one to Sophie. At night, I went down 
with Etheridge and Brabson, to a caucus of our part3^ Did 
nothing. Eead. 



252 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

3Iarch 18, I860.— Went to the Hall of the House to hear 
preaching ; heard a most excellent sermon from the Chaplain of 
the House, Mr. Stockton. He is, indeed, a very eloquent man, 
evidently in real earnest in the ministry. The Hall was full of 
persons, a large number of the members being j)resent. This 
evening, I wrote a long letter to Sophie, giving her an account 
of the sermon. Read. 

Washington, D. C, 

March 18, 1860. 
My Dear Sophie : — 

I've just got in from meeting, at the Hall of the House 
of Representatives. Service by Rev. Mr. Stockton, Chaplain 
to the House. Did not get in until he had progressed some 
time in his subject ; regret it very much, as what I did hear, 
was so veiy interesting and impressive, that I felt I had really 
lost much, in what I did not hear. He is only fifty-one years 
of age, but looks like he was sixty-five ; his hair as white as 
wool, long and flowing down his shoulders and over his temples, 
just about like Mr. Clay used to wear his hair. He is exceed- 
ingly frail, looking quite like a corpse. I have not seen so 
grave and serious a countenance — a man so ethercalized, one 
whom I could regard with more respect and confidence, whilst 
officiating in the holy office of the ministry. 

His subject was suggested by these words, frequently re- 
jjcated by him : — " Heaven and earth shall pass away, but my 
words shall not pass away." His mode of treating it, 
was novel and striking ; toward the close, by way of illustra- 
tion, he said: "Twenty-six years ago, when I was just twenty- 
five years old, I was Chaplain to this House ; continued such, 
during four sessions of Congress. What changes have since 
occurred! We have a new Hall of Representatives, a new 
Senate House, but the men of that day, are gone — buried under 
the earth. 'After life's fitful fever,' they are sleeping. Scarcely 
one of those whose voice echoed in the Senate, ujion whose words 
of wisdom and patriotism, a listening House hung silently, are 
upon the earth. The tall and gallant form of the noble Clay, elo- 
quent, and patriotic, and bold ; the person of Webster, Avhose 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 253 

massive brow, and moi'e massive mind, were without their like ; the 
frail, yet always erect body of the virtuous and pure-minded states- 
man and scholar, Calhoun, are not here. They are not! 'Dust 
thou art, and unto dust thou shalt return.' It is thus written, 
and who shall gainsay it." For some twenty minutes he kept 
up this train of thought ; I need hardly tell you how it affected 
7716. It is enough to say, that as I rose to leave the Hall — a 
place daily desecrated by the unprincipled and vulgar dema- 
gogue — for once, I felt that "it was good to be there." Shall 
go to hear Mr. S. often, as he is of just the class of ministers 
whom I love to hear. Their words of wisdom, spoken in hu- 
mility, sink deep into my heart ; I look upon them, feeling that 
I am looking upon "a chosen vessel" of the Lord. So much 
for the first sermon of our Chaplain. 

Your letter of the 12th, was received this morning ; will an- 
swer it to-morrow ; wrote to you yesterday, in answer to yours 
of the 10th inst. ]\lay God, in his goodness, guard and guide 
us, and bring us, at last, to dwell with him — a family in heaven. 

Your husband, 

E. Hatton. 

March 19, 1860. — To-day the House was again engaged in 
consideration of the report of Committee on Eules, which was 
disposed of Wrote to Sophie ; also, to John Peyton ; wrote to 
M. A. Price, enclosing check for $162.99. Eead. 

Maixh 20, 1860. — To-day, case of Williamson, contestant of 
seat of Daniel E. Sickles, was considered, but not determined. 
Wrote to W. E. Xash ; received letter from Sophie. Went to 
the President's reception at night. 

March 21, 1860. — The argument on the contested election of 
Sickles, was concluded to-day, and a vote had on the resolution, 
authorizing the contestant, Williamson, to take proof The res- 
olution was adopted. The vote was almost a party one. How 
singular ! That on a question of law, the opinions of men 
should be formed upon a partizan bias. A very shame upon 
the character of the men who constitute the leaders of parties 
in Congress. Wrote a long letter to Cameron, of the Daily News, 



254 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

on political topics. To-night have read and re-read some of 
Sophie's letters. 

March 22, 1860. — To-day, the case of Howard vs. Cooper, con- 
tested election from Michigan, was before the House, and was de- 
bated all day. Cooper was asking further time to take proof; it 
was not allowed him. One thing was observable in the vote — the 
Democrats and Ee^^ublicans just changed front upon the ground 
taken yesterday, in the Sickles case. Wrote to Sophie, Mr. 
Cass, Mr. Lackey, and sent Sophie a newspaper containing 
some beautiful verses on home. Eead. 

March 23, I860.— Met Mr. Elliott, of Murfreesboro', at break- 
fast, this morning; also, Mr. Valiant, an acquaintance from 
Mississippi ; took them to the Capitol, and gave them seats on 
the floor; also, went with Valiant to the Supreme Court room, 
and remained witnessing the proceedings for half-an-hour. A 
most august tribunal. This evening, went on a long walk with 
Elliott, around the President's grounds. Came home, and 
spent the evening reading debates of yesterday, in the Senate, 
on the Homestead Bill. Wrote to Judge Caruthers. Eead. 

March 24, 1860. — Spent the morning in my room ; no session 
of the House to-day ; have written letters ; wrote to Sophie a 
long letter, in answer to one received from her this morning ; 
wrote to Stokes, and sent him a copy of the Wigfall Pacific 
Railroad Bill, then went to the Post-office Department, and 
succeeded in getting the establishment of a Post-office at Rich- 
land Station ; went to Patent Office, to inspect the model of 
Hatcher, for Straw Cutter, but could do nothing for him. Re- 
ceived a card from Mr. John Bell, announcing his arrival in 
the city. Read. 

Washington, D. C, 

March 24, 1860. 
Dear Sophie : — 

Received your letter of the 20th inst., this morning. Glad 
to hear that the box of flowers, &c., had arrived safely, and that 
you and tlic children were i)leased with the gift. May the 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 255 

evergreens refei'red to, be but emblematical of an unchanging 
and ever continuing affection between us. The sending of them 
afforded me much pleasure. That their reception was gratify- 
ing to you, is a new source of enjoyment to me. Plant and care 
for them, and may our love grow with them. 

You ought not to confine Eeilly during the day. Let him run. 
Teach him to work, to perform physical labor, even though he 
should seem averse to it. The more indisposed he may be, 
the greater the necessity for requiring it of him. Work out of 
doors, will develop his phj^sical constitution, and at the same 
time, develop an essential quality of moral character — will, reso- 
lution, capacity, to do what is opposed to our indolent nature. 
It is indispensable to success in any pursuit in life, to do many 
things which we do not want to do, and from the performance 
of which, we would like to excuse ourselves. Hence, I regard 
it as a misfortune, absolute misfortune, for a boy to be so cir- 
cumstanced in life, as not to be forced to wo7'k with his hands; 
work hard, late and early. So begin early with our dear little 
boy. See to it, that he is taught that it is not only respectable, 
but necessary for every body to work. John and Balie are not 
being trained properly in this respect. Say to them, for me, 
that they must work some at something ; learn to submit to it, 
or they will be of little account in life ; must learn to overcome 
our universally lazy nature. Tell them to read this twice. 
Eeilly has plenty of mind ; hope he may prove to have a suf- 
ficiently vigorous physical constitution. Fowler said, you re- 
member, that he would have large powers of imitation, &c. 
Hence how important that the examples before him, should be, 
in all respects, good. * '^ <= '^ 

[Part of this letter gone also, the signature with it.] 

March 25, I860.— Went to the Hall of the House of Eepresenta- 
tives, to-day, at 11 o'clock, expecting to hear Eev. Mr. Stockton. 
Was disappointed. Dr. Gurley, Chaplain to the Senate, preached 
from 37th verse of the 6th chapter of John : " And him that 
cometh to me, I will, in no wise, cast out." The discourse was 
exceedingly prosy — not a new thought in it. His opening 
prayer was some 25 minutes long ! Went to the Hall with 



256 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

Miss Sue Spence, who agreed with me as to the merits of the 
discourse. This evening called with Stokes and Etheridge, on 
Mr. Bell, at Willard's, and spent an hour. Eead. 

March 2G, 1860. — To-day, a most ridiculous resolution was 
introduced into the House, by a member from Ohio, proposing 
an inquiry into the expediency of abolishing slavery every- 
where. Vote on it, 60 affirmative, and 109 negative. A most 
ultra and violent speech was made by Sedgewick, of Xew York. 
To-night, met Mr. Bell at Stoke's room. He is aixxiov.s about 
his prospects of a nomination at Baltimore. Leaves for Ten- 
nessee in the morning. Eead. 

March 27, 1860. — Nothing of interest occurred to-day. Wrote 
a long letter to Balie ; also wrote to Soi^hie. Wrote to P. M. 
General, and to Patent Office, and Commissioner of Land 
Office. Eead. 

Washington, D. C, 

March 28, 1860. 
Dear Sophie: — 

This is, indeed, a lovely morning. The wind, which, for 
some days, has been blowing almost constantly, has subsided, 
making it very pleasant. The grass in the public grounds is 
fresh, and growing rapidly. There is one singular thing, which 
I have observed — there are but very few, if any, birds in the 
grounds. When the leaves come out, I suppose they will make 
their appearance. I am fond of them — if not caged. My or- 
gan-grinder has disappeared, much to my regret. His music 
was really excellent, the air, "Home," especially. Is that not 
the most beautiful air in the world? Practice it, occasionally^, 
will you? And think of me while singing it. When I get 
home, we will hear it — sing ii together. Think I can carry 
the air, myself. Speaking of coming home, you say I must 
not disappoint you. Pear I shall have to do so. The disposi- 
tion to adjourn seems to have died out. It is still, however, 
possible that we may have an adjournment. If so, I will, of 
course, come home. If we do not adjourn, I do not see how I 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 257 

can come home. Brabson and Qiiarles, and fifty others, of the 
House, have been home. They, however, belong to a scat- 
tering class of men, who attach but little importance to the 
performance of duty — are sometimes anxious to avoid the re- 
sponsibility of performing it. The families of Brabson and 
Quarles were sick, they said. By having it understood that 
sickness exists in their families, they save expense, or rather, 
loss, of per diem. There is a great deal of this done. Can't 
you get sick? Seriously, the extent of this species of imjDosi- 
tion upon the Government, is disgraceful. If there is an ad- 
journment, for even a week, I shall try to get home, but ajDpre- 
hend they will not even do this. 

My friend, Murdock, is going to "read" Shakspeare, at the 
vSmithsonian Institute, on Friday night. Think I shall go, as I 
have not been to the theatre. This reading is intended for the 
class who do not attend the theatre. Think it likely I shall 
take a lady with me ! "What do you say to it? Have not seen 
Murdock yet. Miss Patti is creating a sensation amongst the 
fashionables. Have been invited, several times, to accompany 
i^arties to hear her. Have been too busy each time. Have no 
fancy, you know, for fancy, operatic singing, especially when it 
costs too much. 

Before getting up, this morning, I heard a little boy running 
by my door, hallooing and rollicking at a great rate ; and his 
voice was so much like Eeilly's, that I bounced out of bed, and 
ran to the door, and looking down the passage, saw the little 
fellow. Called him to me, and took him into my room. He 
was the son of a transient visitor of the house, from the East. 
He was very much like Eeilly in appearance, also. I took the 
little fellow up in my lap, and had a long talk with him. 
Dressed myself, and went to breakfast, telling the little fellow to 
come back to see me. Went out, and got him some candy, and 
took it to him, feeling that I was indebted to him for f)leasant 
thoughts and reflections. My love to all. The usual kisses, 
and an extra dozen to the children. 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 
17 



258 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 



March 28, 1860. — Debate on the Army Appropriation bill, 
to-day, consumed the session. Met Burch, of the Union and 
American, in the House. He is a pleasant gentleman. Here 
triggering for " Andy" Johnson. "Wrote to Sophie. Eead. 

March 29, 1860. — To-day, a message was received from the 
President of the United States, reflecting upon the House of 
Eepresentatives, for proposing an investigation of certain char- 
o-es vs. him. A remarkable document. Montgomery, of Pa., 
made a strong Douglas speech — very severe on Carry & Co. 
Eead. 

March 30, 1860. — Literally nothing done to-day, but fillibus- 
ter in the House. Went to-night to hear Murdock read Ham- 
let at Smithsonian Institute. His reading was indeed very su- 
perior ; a treat. Eead. 

Washington City, D. C, 

March 30, 1860. 
Dear Sophie: — 

Your letter, written last Sunday, came to hand this morn- 
ing. Do not propose now to answer it, but simply to thank 
you for it, and to enclose a letter to you, which I received here, 
also, this morning. Expect it is from your old teacher, Mrs. 
Sims. She supposes you are here with me, and where you 
ought to he, my darling. 

Say to Miss Mary Campbell, that I read what you said of her 
and Eeilly to one of my unmarried friends, this morning at 
breakfast, and added some remarks of my own, about her many 
rare and excellent qualities, which interested him so much, that 
he said he would not be satisfied until he saw her ; that if she 
was what I described her to be, it would be worth a trip of a 
thousand miles to see her. Tell her, she will lose nothing by 
her kindness to my boy. -^ ^ ^ ;ic 

Have you received only forty-five letters from me since I 
have been here? Have certainly written at least seventy-five. 
Do not understand this at all. Count again. 

Tell Eeilly, he got John on the chicken question, badly. If 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 259 ' 

I was there lie should have the white of the chicken, without 

any negotiation or begging. He is about 2-0 right in wishing 

I had been beat ; then I ivould have been at home with him. 

But, as I said, I did not propose to answer your letter now, I 

will stop. 

Yours, affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

March 31, 1860. — To-night, I have spent in letter-writing 
to Mrs. Sarah Howard, describing my visit to-day to George, 
at Annapolis, where he is attending the Naval School. Was 
delighted with my trip, with the school, with the old town of 
Annapolis, and was gratified at the standing of my Tennessee 
boys in the School, which I found to be excellent. Went down 
this morning and returned this evening. Gave Mrs. Howard a 
full account in a letter of twelve pages, of George, his school, 
&c. Bead. 

April 1, I860.— Heard Eev. Mr. Stockton at the Hall of the 
House of Eepresentatives, to-day. His discourse was earnest, 
and truly eloquent. Wrote a long letter to Sophie to-night, in 
answer to a long and excellent one received from her this morn- 
ing. Eead. 

April 2, 1860. — Nelson's bill, to punish polygamy in the Ter- 
ritories, was before the House, to-day, and several speeches 
were made on it; one by Etheridge, full of wit and humor, but 
not of sound argument. Wrote again to Sophie to-day. Eead. 

Washington City, D. C, 

April 2, 1860. 
Mt Dear Sophie : — 

Got Eeilly's letter this morning. Tell him pa was de- 
lighted with it; read it over five or six times ; read it once, to 
Mr. Etheridge, who said it was an excellent letter. He does not 
want to see me half as badly as I want to see him. Bless his 
little heart, what would I not give to have him here with me. 
Tell him, if pa does come home, he will let him know when he 
will get there, so that he may be wide awake. I want that 



260 LIFE OE GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

frolic on the lounge myself. You remember, that I spent my 
last evening at home, in a frolic with him on the lounge. Have 
thought of it hundreds of times since. Tell him he need not 
be saving the eggs just yet, as they will get old by being kept 
so long ; to let Aunt Eachel have her way, as she is an old 
darkey, and he is so young a boy. 

Saturday, I went down to the Naval Academy, at Annapolis, 
and spent the day. It is a most lovely place ; have rarely seen 
so lovely a one. "Went down to see George Howard, and to 
visit the School, and old town. He, (G.,) is a fine looking fel- 
low — has grown a good deal in height. I was very glad to see 
him. "We spent most of the time, (4^ hours,) together, walking 
over the grounds, witnessing the drills and gun exercises of the 
boys — all of which was quite interesting to me. * * 
I was proud of my Tennessee representatives in the School. 

"While at Annapolis, we went into the old hall, in which the 
Congress was assembled when "Washington resigned his com- 
mission at the close of the war. It is a fine old room, neat and 
tasteful, though quite small, when comj^ared with similar halls 
of recent construction. The town has a number of old houses 
in it, built during the period of the Colonial Governments, of 
brick brought over fi'om Europe. Some of them are very fine 
houses yet. The house occupied by the Governor, is one of 
them — a noble old house it is, too. 

Our party consisted of some ten or twelve members of the 
House. Also, some others, their friends, ladies and gentlemen. 
"We got dinner at the residence of Capt. Blake, Superintendent 
of the School, where I was introduced to his wife, a most moth- 
erly and kind lady, who fed us bountifully. 

Yesterday we had another sermon from our Chajjlain. It 
was a real, earnest, religious discourse — beginning with these 
words : " Many of you do not live in "Washington — when are 
you going homo, and what would you like to take with you ?" 
He concluded with the same words. You see, his subject sug- 
gested in the words. "You may take home with you, if you 
will, a pure heart, a claim to an inheritance eternal in the 
Heavens." It was one of the most feeling, and eloquent ser- 
mons, I have ever heard. He is a good man, devoted to the Lord 
and his gospel. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 261 

I wrote, Satui'day night, a long letter to Mrs. Sarah Howard, 
about George; my visit to the School at Annapolis, &c. 
Thought it would gi'atify one, whom, I believe, is amongst the 
best of mothers. Mrs. H., you know, is a great woman, in my 
estimation. Love to all — kisses to the children. 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

April 3, 1860. — Discussion, on the bill to punish polygamy 
continued to-day. Speeches by Lamar and others, pro and con. 
Interesting and spicy discussion. Eli Thayer, of Mass., made 
an argumentative, and most humorous speech. Wrote to So- 
phie to-night. Read. 

April 4, 1860. Same discussion continued during the entire 
session, to-day. Had meeting of my committee, to-day. I 
was directed by it to have certain correspondence with the 
Secretary of the Navy. Have written to-night to him. Wrote 
to Sophie and to Mary. Read. 

April 5, 1860. — The Utah bill was passed to-day, by a large 
vote. I voted against it, believing that the enforcement of the 
law, if passed, would inflict cruel punishment on helpless chil- 
dren. Would like to see the crime of polygamy wiped from off 
the earth. Read. 

April 6, 1860. — This was private bill day, and a large amount 
of business was done. Wrote a number of letters, and franked 
one hundred of Mr. Pennington's [Stockton's] sermons to my 
constituents. Wrote, to-night, a letter of ten pages to Soj)hie. 
Read. 

Washington D. C, 

April 6, 1860. 
My Dear Sophie : — 

Your letter, Avritten on Saturday, was received this 

morning. When you spoke of the rainy Sunday — all quiet at 

home — oh, how I longed to be there with the children, in their 

innocent glee — which, to me, you know, is amongst the greatest 



262 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

attractions of home — with my wife, around our own hearth- 
stone ! Sunday was a clear day here, at least until evening. 
■As I wrote you, I went to the Capitol, to hear Mr. Stockton, on 
Sunday, and heard a most eloquent and impressive . discourse. 
"Wished much that you could have enjoyed it with me, and the 
vast crowd present. By-the-by, I mailed to you, and to a num- 
ber of the Lebanon ladies, the first sermon he preached here. 
Eead it? I read it last night. It reads well, but loses half of 
its interest in your not seeing the venerable, white-haired, feeble 
man who delivered it. He is the most sai7itly -looking man I 
ever saw. 

Your suggestions, in regard to habits — dangers of retrogres- 
sion from right to wrong — are proper — very. I am prone to 
evil, continually; and grace, much of it, is necessary to restrain 
me. I see so much to disgust and irritate, that, sometimes it 
seems impossible to keep cool, and be civil. Yesterday, we had 
a ridiculous row in the House. Lovejoy, of Illinois, an Aboli- 
tionist, was speaking most offensively, in reference to the South, 
when a X)ai'cel of Southern Democrats interruiDted him, de- 
nouncing him as a liar, thief, etc. He persisted in speaking, and 
in denouncing those who were denouncing him ; and so it went 
on, for ten or fifteen minutes, looking more like a crowd of 
rowdies, around a grocery, than the Eepresentatives of a free 
and civilized people. 

The bill against polygamy, in the Tei'ritories, was passed 
yesterday, in the House. I voted against it, though all my 
party friends, except one, were supporting it, and though it 
was the bill reported by my colleague, Mr. Nelson. Its opera- 
tion, if enforced, would be, to turn loose to the mercy of the 
winds, thousands of women and children, which, however much 
I may desire to destroy the institution of polygamy, I could 
not assist in doing. If they had made it prospective in its 
operation, so as to jiermit the raising of children by their pa- 
rents, I could have voted for it. Did I do right? There was 
much feeling about it, here; and my tearing loose from all my 
Tennessee friends, was remarked and commented on. I gene- 
rall}' do as I please — except, always, you know, when you and I 
differ, and then I give in to your views. No man controls my 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 263 

action or oi^inions. First, I try to find out what is right — what 
I ought to do; then, I want no farther counsel, but go right 
ahead, and do it, leaving consequences to take care of themselves. 
I mail you the Globe, giving the vote, and a remark that I made 
in casting my vote.* >;; ^ ^ H< >I< * * 

The weather is fine here, just now, though, during much of 
this week, it has been chilly and windy. This is the greatest 
place for dust and wind, I have ever seen. 

Tell John I received, a few days ago, a long letter from Mr. Gr. 
W. Winchester, thanking me, in his own name, and in the name 
of his wife, for my kind attentions to his little daughter, when 
in Washington, and wishing me all success in my future aspira- 
tions, etc. He (John) will see that we lose nothing by respect- 
ful attentions to those that may have opposed us. Tell the 
children that pa is almost distracted, to see them standing up 
strait, and si3eaking out plain, the Commandments and the 
Catechism, etc. Tell them he will be at home, after a while, 
and then he will hear and see them. Bless their little hearts, 
it will make pa so proud to hear them repeating Grod's words, 
and the words of good men. Tell them pa is trying to be good, 
as that is the only way to be really happy. Bad peojile cannot 
be really happy — are not — ought not to he. 

Mother will please bear with me, in my delay in writing to 
her. As all hands read all my letters, any how, I should be in- 
dulged a little. If you all had one-fortieth of what I have to 
do, I loould be reasonable, and blame none of you, if you did 
one-tenth as well as I am doing. Don't suppose there is another 
member that writes half as frequently as I do. Am now in the 
midst of my committee duties ; am sorely troubled. Wrote a 
long and intricate letter, last night, to the Secretary of the 

* The vote upon the passage of the biU against polygamy in Utah, was : Yeas, 149 ; 
nays, 60— Mr. Hatton voting in the negative, for the reason given in the above letter. 
Here is the remark of Mr. Hatton, upon casting his vote: " Mr. Speaker, the bill is 
obnoxious to one objection, which, with me, is insuperable; and an objection which 
my colleague, [Mr. Nelson,] who reported the bill, was anxious to remove by an 
amendment, but was not permitted to do so. However much I might otherwise be 
disposed to support the measure, the objection I have referred to, but which, under 
the rules of the House, I am not permitted to state, constitutes a sufficient reason 
with me, for voting in the negative." 



264 LIFE OP GENERAL EGBERT HATTON. 



I^avy, calling on him for information, etc. Am after him TP^ith 
a long pole. Good night, my darling. 

Truly, E. Hatton. 

April 7, 1860. — Private bills were considered again, to-day, 
consuming the entire session. Decidedly the most business sit- 
ting of the session. Ecceived a letter from John, to-night. 
Wrote to Horace Smith. Eead. 

April 8, 1860. — ^Went to the Southern Methodist Church, to- 
day, and heard an interesting discourse, upon the 23d Psalm. 
Have rarely listened to a more beautiful or more impressive 
sermon. This evening, walked over the "Long Bridge," and 
saw the fishermen hauling their nets, catching herring. Eead. 

April 9, 1860. — To-day was the day for reports from commit- 
tees. The report of the Judiciary Committee, on President's 
Message, was read. It is an able paper, and severe on the 
President. Taylor and Houston presented minority reports. 
Wrote to Sophie. Eead. 

Washington, D. C, 

April 9, 1860. 
My Dear Sophie: — 

Yesterday I went to the Southern Methodist Church, and 
heard a new man — the Chaplain from Virginia University. 
He preached a beautiful sermon, upon the 23d Psalm — full of 
earnestness and force. After returning from church to the 
hotel, one of my friends proposed a walk, as the weather was 
fine. We walked across the city, to the "Long Bridge" across 
'the Potomac. As it was so bright and warm, wo walked across 
the bridge, which is one mile long. When we got over, we sat 
down and rested ; then walked along the Virginia shore, which 
was thronged with persons out for pleasure walks. A crowd of 
fishermen — some forty or fifty — were engaged in drawing the 
seine for shad. Will tell you and the boys all about it, when I 
come home. They catch a great many, with which they supply 
the markets at Washington and Baltimore. They pay no at- 
tention to the Sabbath — a set of heathens in sight of the capital. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 265 

"We returned to dinner — half after 3 o'clock — very tired — so 
much so, that I could not enjoy my dinner, or get out to church 
after tea, or write to you, as I usually do, Sunday evening. 
Though fleshier than usual, I take so little exercise that a small 
amount of walking tires me. I weigh 136 pounds — more than 
I ever weighed before coming to this city. My health is, indeed, 
excellent. I have great cause to be thankful to the Giver of 
all Good for His mercies to me. Do not feel any uneasiness 
about the chest, and have had scarcely a cough during the ses- 
sion. 

^ ^ ^ The Spring seems, this morning, to be fully 
opened, the grass being green, and the weather soft and balmy. 

A pajDer is being read, that I must hear. So good-by, for the 
present. Love to all. 

Your affectionate husband, 

EOBERT HaTTON. 

April 10, 1860. — Bill for the admission of Kansas, was consid- 
ered to-day. Several sj)eeches made — one, by Mr. Parrot, the 
Delegate from Kansas — of marked ability. No vote was had. 
"Wrote to Ira P. Jones and Mrs. "W. L. Martin. Got letter from 
Sophie, stating all were very well. Eead. 

"Washington, D. C, 

April 10, 1860. 
Dear Sophie: — 

Have just got up from dinner. Came from the House at 5:30 
o'clock — the session being prolonged by the action of the 
House on the bill admitting Kansas. The bill passed, by a 
large majority. I, and all the balance of the Tennessee dele- 
gation, voted against it, except Etheridge. It produced a good 
deal of feeling. 

To-day looks like Spring — the grass growing very rapidly, 
and looking beautiful. A few birds have appeared in the trees 
ai'ound the Capitol. 

Last evening, the Misses Spence returned from Pennsylvania. 
I met them, and spent part of the evening with them, in the 
parlor. They were very much delighted with their trip, and 



266 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

had much to say about it. "Was introduced to Mrs. Clopton 
and Mrs. McQueen, wives of members of the House ; also, to a 
Mrs. Butterfield, wife of a ship-owner, splurging at "Washing- 
ton. So, you see, I've turned out, in good earnest, to be ladies' 
man. What do you say to it? Let me know, as may -be it is 
best to check me up suddenly, before I get interested in such 
things. Sent you and John some papers to-day. Also, sent 
Reilly and Many, Nick-Nax. Eead it to them, and show them 
the pictures, and tell them, when pa comes home, wc will have 
a good time laughing at them. 

Affectionately, 

R. Hatton. 

April 11, 1860. — Debate to-day on the admission of Kansas. 
Vote taken, 135 to 73, for it — every Northern man but one, vo- 
ting for it. Pryor, of Ya.; and Potter, of "Wisconsin ; had a 
colloquy, at the conclusion of which, Pryor intimated, he 
would challenge Potter. Rumor, says he has. Read. 

April 12, 1860. — City has been all excitement, to-day, in re- 
gard to a duel supposed to be on hand, between Pryor and 
Potter — Can't get the truth of the affair. Pryor has certainly 
challenged Potter, and the challenge has been accepted. 
Read nothing. 

April 13, 1860. — To-day was private bill day, and a large 
amount of business was transacted. The duel has all blowed 
over, and no blood. Potter proposed to fight with bowie-knives, 
and Pryor did not fancy the weapon. 

April 14, 1860. — Have spent most of to-da}^ in running 
around with some of my constitutents, looking at the curiosi- 
ties of the city — a very dull business, after a person has been 
to see all so often. Miss Sallie Spence, left for home this eve- 
ning — saw her to the boat. Read. 

Ap)ril 15, 1860. — Heard Dr. Stockton to-day, at 11 o'clock, 
and Father McG-uire, at 3^ o'clock. Both discourses were en- 
tei-taining — instructive. Father McGuire is a very sujjerior 
man, intellectually. Read. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 267 



Washington, D. C, 

April 15, 1867. 
Dear Sophie : — 

Your letter, dated the 9th, but not mailed until the 11th, 
was received last night. To-night, I received one from father. 
Both were very short, but still they were very welcome. * * 

To-day, I went up to the Capitol, and heard Mr. Stockton 
preach. The text was 23d verse of 5th chapter, of 2nd 
Corinthians. The sermon was exceedingly fine, but much 
spoiled by being too long. The galleries and floors of the 
House were literally packed. 

This evening, after dinner, I went with one of my consti- 
tutents, Mr. Pugh, of Murfreesboro', to the Catholic Church. 
Heard a very learned and really interesting argument, by 
»" Father McGuire, " — a priest of about forty -five years of age. 
He spoke extemporaneously, and with great ease and power. 
The quire in this church is said to be equal to, if not the best 
in the United States. The organ is one of the finest in the 
Union. The church building is, indeed, magnificent, large, in 
elegant taste, and splendidly ornamented, with paintings, &c. 
Everything was done in such perfect order, with so much of 
solemnity, and appearant earnestness, that I could but be much 
interested. Though the exercises continued for some two hours, 
I was not at all wearied. Much of the elite of the city, reg- 
ulai'ly attend this church. I had a seat in the pew of a noted 
banker of this city, who is a member of the church. So much 
for to-day. 

Yesterday there was no session of the House — the members, 
nearly all, going either to Mt. Yernon, or to the Falls of the 
Potomac, some twelve miles above this place. I did not feel 
like going out, so stayed at home ; not to be at rest, however ; 
for I met some constituents from Cannon County, Tennessee, 
whom I had to Cicerone through the city, and show them all its 
wonders, walking myself down at it. In the evening, I had to 
see Miss Spence off. She went home with the Cannon county 

gentlemen — leaving Miss Sue here. Don't [here the letter 

stops — balance wanting.] 



268 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

April 16, 1860. — But little of interest occuri-ed to-day, being 
supension day ; many new moves were made, none of much 
importance, however. Both Prior and Potter were in their 
seats, as if nothing had occurred. Great crowd of Charleston 
delegates here now, en route for Charleston. Eead. 

April 17, 1860. — The House, by a decided vote, determined 
not to adjourn over for the Charleston Convention. This kills 
off all my hopes of a trip home. The announcement of the vote 
almost made me sick — so much was my heart set upon going to 
see Soi^hie and the children. Well, two months more will wind 
up the session, in all probability, and then away, as the chil- 
dren say, " for good." Mr. Conkling, of New York, made a 
strong speech to-day, on the powers of the three co-ordinate 
branches of the government. Read. 

April 18, 1860. — The Military Academy bill, amended by the 
Senate, authorizing the President to raise a regiment of Cav- 
alry for Texas, was discussed to-day. No vote. Wrote for 
Jim Eains, to Dr. Thompson, Sam A. Pointer, Thos. Bond, Dr. 
Core, Alex. Wynne, Jno. N. House, Ran. Barry, R. E. Douglass, 
John Clendening, Col. Hamilton, Hub. Saunders, and Dr. Pur- 
sley. Received letter from Sophie, and answered it. Read. 

Washington City, D. C, 
April 18, 1860. 
My Dear Wife: — 

To-day, the House, by a very decided vote, determined 
that it would not adjourn for the Charleston Convention. This 
puts an end to my visit home. As it was distinctly announced 
on the floor, that the adjournment was to accommodate the 
gentlemen who wanted to go to Charleston, I was, myself forced 
to vote against it, yet, the announcement of the result of the 
vote, almost made me sick — so much was my heart set upon 
going home. Many others were evidently in my fix — voting, 
from necessity, against their wishes. 

Sherman, chairman of the Committe on Ways and Means, 
says we will get away from here about the middle of June — two 
months yet! Along time fo me. How does it look to you? 
Understand one thing as fixed. If you do not come to Wash- 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 269 

ington, with mo, next Winter, I will not come. There is no jest 
in this. None ! So make all your calculations accordingly. 
There is no reason why you should not be here, as well as other 
wires. You can get along with your children here, as the 
rest do. Tell mother, she may arrange to keep house for us in 
our absence. 

The city is full of delegates, bound for Charleston. A hard 
looking set of fellows they are. too. The friends of the various 
aspirants are pressing their real or supposed claims with most 
indecent pertinacity. At the table, on the streets, at the Capi- 
tol — everywhere you go — this is the topic. I am heartily sick 
of it. 

I will go down to Baltimore, to our Convention. Can go 
there, from this city, in two hours. What is going to be done at 
these Conventions, is very questionable — doubtful what ought to 
he done. 

To-day was very warm in the sun, at least warm for the 
latitude — the first day that has really looked like Spring. The 
streets were filled with gadding j)edestrians, of both sexes. 
Pennsylvania Avenue is a wonderful thoroughfare — the grand 
city promenade. Walked up it a little piece this evening after 
dinner, but soon got tired of working my way through a crowd, 
and turned back to my room. As the weather grows more 
pleasant, it will be more difficult for me to be contented in my 
lonely room — bad enough in mid-Winter. 

Met Miss Spence at tea, and was invited to accompany her to 
the President's Levee, which, as I was "very busy," I declined 
most respectfully. Tired of the show — have seen the elei)hant 
once — quite sufficient for one of my limited curiosity. * ^ 

I weighed 137 lbs. yesterday — still increasing in weight. 
Sent the children a London News, to-day. Tell them to think 
of pa when they see its pictures. 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton, 

Aiml 19, I860.— Wrote to Dr. B. H. Paschal, William Burns, 
Dr. Wm. T. Bennett, Dr. Hightower, G-. W. Simpson, Wat 
Owen, Charley Williams, Dr. T. S. Eichardson, Jno. IST. House, 



270 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

Jno. Marshall, Ed. Cook, E. H. Beale, and John Tullers, for 
Jim Eains, urging them to work for him, &c. Read. 

April 20, I860.— Wrote to Dr. H.Winstead, Park Street, Jno. 
Collett, Dr. M. B. Scales, S. C. Zing, J. A. Bostiek, Wm. De- 
mumbre, Wm. Givens, and H. C. Ellis, for Eains, pressing them 
to secure his election for Atterney General. Wrote to Sophie 
and to Mag. Eead. 

Ajy^il 21, 1860. — Spent good part of to-day in visit to Con- 
gressional burying ground. Took a sketch of Dr. Peyton's 
cenotaph. To-night have -written to sister Mary, and to Sophie, 
enclosing to each, a description of the grounds, and sketch of 
the cenotaph. Eead. 

Washington City, D. C, 

Ajml 21, 1860. 
My Dear Sophie : — 

Thank you for your long letter, received last night — 
nine pages. Have read it some five or six times. You are 
indeed, very kind. Can I repay you ? 

This morning being very bright and warm, I went out to the 
Congressional burying ground, and spent a couple of hours in 
walking through it, reading inscriptions, &c., &c. The special 
object of my visit was, to see the cenotaph of Dr. Peyton, in 
order, that I might give sister Mary a description of it. Wanted 
to see it myself, and knew she would like to have some definite 
idea of its appearance, &c. Have written to her, giving her a 
sketch of it with my jjcn. I enclose you one. It is of a species 
of marble, or fine granite. The base is about six feet square. 
As I give the proportions correctly, you will have an idea of its 
size, &c. It is just like all the rest — there being, no difference 
in them. It stands in the most beautiful spot in the enclosure, 
surrounded by flowers, and some handsome shade trees, a num- 
ber of which, are evergreens. 

Whilst sitting on a stone by it, reading over and over again, 
the inscription on it, I had some sad, yet some pleasant reflec- 
tions. I could see his noble foi'm — his face ; hear him talk. So 
palpable to my mental eye was the vision, that it, at times, 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON, 271 

almost startled me. He was a model gentleman. Distinguished 
for his sobriety, his unbending, uncompromising integrity, his 
amiable and soft manners, his dignity and superior mental 
ability, it was natural that his character made a decided im- 
j)ression on me. It did. To his example, as I wrote Mary 
to-day, am I much indebted for my little success in life. He 
advised me, always freely, decidedly, sometimes sternly, I 
thought. My respect for his judgment, and confidence in his 
kindness to me, always made me ready and willing to receive 
it, and be governed by it. Gentle and quiet as a woman, yet, 
decided and brave as a Roman ; full of intelligence and energy ; 
what an impression would he have made, could he have lived. 
He would have been loved and respected by the people of his 
State, as but few, if any, have been. But he is gone. " He 
sleeps well." The Providence which took him so early in life 
— now inscrutible — will be, one day, revealed. What an exam- 
ple is set in his life and death, to his boys ! May they not prove 
unworthy of such a father, but prove to be deserving of his 
name — fitly representing him. 

Say to my friend, Mrs. Owen, that I have not turned preacher; 
this is a poor place for one to get into the notion of "taking 
orders;" though, really, it is not the place I exj)ected to find it. 
I have not lived a more quiet life than here. 

Eead Mrs. Cossitt's note; was amused and complimented. 
Am glad to hear that my letter to Mrs. Howard afforded her 
pleasure; that was my object in writing it. Have just got 
Balie's letter of the 18th inst.; thank him for me. 

Kiss the children for me, and tell them, in two months, pa 
will be at home ! Love to all. 

Affectionately yours, 

E. Hatton. 

"We introduce the letter to his sister, Mrs. Peyton, alluded to 
in the preceding letter to his wife : 

Washington City, D. C, 

April 21, 1860. 
Dear Sister: — 

I read your last letter over and over again ; it made me 

sad, yet I loved to read it ; I saw in it the true woman — the 



272 LIPB OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

woman who had mind and heart sufficient to be the true wife 
and mother ; the woman whom I love, and of whom I am 
proud, as a sister. Your references to your marriage, and early 
j)rospects of pleasure in the society of him whom you loved 
and honored for his many rare and noble qualities ; and the 
change caused by — death, caused me to weep. It is a sad world ; 
full of woe. Life is a pilgrimage of pain ; yet it has its pleas- 
ures — many of them ; then, let us make the most of them — rob 
the picture of our travails, of its dark shading. 

I have delayed answering your letter until I could go out and 
see the Congressional burying-ground, and, especially, Dr. 
Peyton's cenotaph. I went to-day, and spent more than two 
hours in walking round, reading inscriptions, etc. SaAV the 
cenotaj)hs ; the one in honor of your husband, stands in the 
most beautiful sjDot in the whole grounds, surrounded by flowers, 
and some fine shade trees. The grass, too, is growing most 
luxuriently about it ; it is shaped, as I will rej)resent it, in a 
diagram. Am a poor hand to draw, but I can give you an ex- 
act idea of its proportions and general appearance. [Here he 
gave the diagram.] The base is about six feet square; this 
gives you an idea of all the other dimensions, as I have quite 
accurately represented the proportions. 

You may imagine my reflections whilst reading the inscrip- 
tion : " The Honorable Joseph H. Peyton, Eepresentative from 
Tennessee, aged — years." I could see his person and his face, 
his eyes, and nose, and mouth, and black, glossy, and luxuriant 
growth of hair ; could hear him speak, and laugh, and see him 
walk. He was a noble man. To his examjjle, too, Mary, am 
I indebted for much, very much, of my little success in life. 
He gave me good advice ; but it was not what he said to me, so 
much as what I saw him do, and not do, that influenced my ac- 
tions, and fashioned my character. He was a real Peyton in 
many respects — yet different fi*om all of them, in several im- 
portant elements of character, in which he was their superior. 
Could he have lived, he would, no doubt, have made a decided 
impression upon the world. But, it is all well — no doubt of it 
— for him, for you, for his boys ; yet, we can not see it. This 
but proves our blindness ; 'twill be revealed " in the Great Day." 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 273 

The flowers, etc., enclosed, I pulled near the cenotaph of Dr. 
Peyton. Know you will prize them. May God bless you, my 
dear sister, and may you be reconciled "to all His ways." 

Affectionately, yoiir brother, 

Egbert Hatton. 

April 22, 1860. — Went to Methodist church, and heard a long 
and rather prosy discourse, on a worn out subject. It being 
very unpleasant, I stayed in doors rest of day. To-night wrote 
to Eeilly and Many. Eead. 

April 23, 1860. — To-day was spent in speaking in the House ; 
four regular hour-speeches having been made on political topics. 
Met and had an hour's conversation with Gov. Wise, to-day ; 
like him very much. I spent most of my time in writing let- 
ters, and franking papers to my constituents. Eead. 

April 24, 1860. — Six hour-speeches were delivered in the 
House to-day — the session being entirely consumed in that 
business, and continuing to a very late hour. Democracy, are, 
to-night, greatly excited on subject of their Convention ; all in 
doubt as to what will be done. Eead nothing. 

Tuesday, April 24, 1860. 
My Dear Wipe: — 

I enclose a word to you in my letter, to the children ; I 
could not resist my desire to write to them this evening ; so I 
went out and got a sheet of paper with a picture on it, to please 
them ; the idea that it would please them, pleased me. Is this 
not the case with us always, when we do any thing with a view 
to the comfort, advantage — gratification of others? 

Nothing has happened since I wrote you, of special interest 
We have barely a quorum in the House, but sat to-day until 
5J o'clock — the time used up in speech making. 

At about the adjourning hour, a Mrs. Howard, and some of 
her lady friends, from Yirginia, came up to the House. She is 
the wife of one of the members of the House, and I went up 
into the gallery to see them. Sat a while, and then went down 
with them, and walked through the Capitol grounds ; from there 
18 



274 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

to the Botanic Garden ; and thence to their hoteh Pretty well 
done for your green husband! She is the handsomest woman, 
so said, in the city, and she says I am a decided favorite of hers. 
Ahem ! She has the most beautiful boy I ever saw, which, she 
says, she wants to have my girl — "knows they will suit." 
What do you say to such proceedings? Any alarm? 

Again. An evening or so ago, I went with Miss Sue Spence, 
to the parlor, where I was introduced to a Mrs. Semple, daugh- 
ter of ex-President Tyler, and spent the evening with her in a 
very spirited conversation. She is noted for her superior con- 
versational talent, and deserves certainly to be, as I have rarely 
met, if at all, her superior, in that respect. Her husband, who 
was present most of the time, is a quiet fellow — an officer in 
the Navy — so, she and I had an open field. Discussed law, 
literature, religion and politics ; compared Yirginia to Tennes- 
see ; the old world with the new ; ourselves with other folks ; 
concluded that the old world was inferior to the new ; Tennes- 
see and Virginia, the greatest of the States ; decided that for- 
eigners have too much power in this country; that politics is a 
humbug; religion grossly abused ; the law not understood, and 
literature not much cultivated, now-a-days; and concluded, at 
her suggestion, when we meet at breakfast, to renew the discus- 
sion. This was done, at the appointed hour, Miss Spence being 
one of the party. She left that evening, or the conversation 
might have been indefinitely j)rolonged. 

Again. Yesterday, I met, and had an hour's conversation 
with Gov. Wise, of Va. He is a wonderful man ; brilliant; full 
of wit, humor and anecdote; fuller of facts. Was delighted 
with his conversation ; he had a great deal to say of Balie 
Peyton, whom he heard, he said, make the most eloquent and 
effective speech that evei' was made in Congress. He said, " if 
Peyton had only even read any thing," he would have made 
one of the greatest men that ever figured in this country. "As 
it is, he has few superiors." Told me a number of amusing 
anecdotes of Peyton. Now this is my journal, since I last 
wrote, of all that I suppose that would interest you. Made a 
pretty bold start among the ladies, havn't I? Following the 
advice of your recent letter on the subject — ^might get fond of it. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 275 

My love to all, and kisses to the children. Am exceedingly 

well, eating heartily, and looking stouter than I have for a 

great while. 

Your affectionate husband, 

E. Hatton. 

"We present herewith, the letter to the children, mentioned in 
the above. 

"Washington, D. C, 

April 24, 1860. 
My Dear Children: — 

I wrote to you, only a few days ago ; but, as I am so 
much disappointed in not getting to see you, about this time, as 
I expected to do, I will talk to you, on paper, a little, before I 
go to bed. Stand up by your ma, whilst she reads to you what 
I say. Did you notice the picture, on the other side of this 
sheet of paper? That is a picture of a j)art of the city of 
Washington, where I am staying. That big house, close to you, 
is the Capitol, the same house, the picture of which was on the 
letter I sent you the other day. There is where I stay, 'most 
all day. Do you see that little, long ink-mark, made with a 
pen, away down the street, from the Capitol? That ink-mark 
is in front of the hotel where I eat and sleep. You can't see 
the house, very plainly ; but you know how it looks, for you 
saw its picture on the envelopes of ma's letters, long ago. Ma 
will point out to you, the streets, the canal, the Monument, the 
Smithsonian Institute, the Observatory, etc. It is a great city, 
containing about 80,000 people. Don't you wish you were here, 
to go about over it, with pa, and see all the houses and strange 
things? Pa wishes you were here. "Wants to see you more 
than he ever did in his life. . Has it not been a long time since 
pa went off on the stage? He has not forgot how you both 
looked, that day. He felt so bad, as the stage started off, that 
he could not keep from crying — not out loud, you know, but 
tears came in pa's eyes. Did you see them? Pa felt like he 
never wanted to go away from Lebanon, any more. Don't 
think he will go away much, after this, unless you are alono- 
with him. 



276 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

I want you to be good children. Mind what your ma and 

your grandma say to you. Never tell stories, or impose on 

each other, or the little negroes. You won't do these ugly 

things, will you? Now, are you going to get some of the folks, 

at home, to answer this letter for you? You must do it. Kiss 

ma for pa. 

Yours affectionately, 

EOBERT HaTTON. 

April 25, 1860. — Day spent in Buncombe speeches — some five 
or six being delivered. News from Charleston exciting — some 
probability of a break-up; so say the dispatches. "Wrote to 
Sophie, in answer to letter received from her. Eead. 

April 26, 1860. — Six speeches were gotten off, in the House, 
to-day — discussing the slavery question. Eeports from Charles- 
ton still indicate stormy conclusion of their labors. Eesult be- 
yond human ken to see. Eead. 

Api'il 27, 1860. — Stupid session of five hours — consumed in 
delivery of set speeches, on negro question and the tariff bill. 
Telegraph says Douglas will be nominated at Charleston. 
Doubtful ? Wrote to Sphie, long letter. 

April 28, 1860. — "Went, to-day, to Georgetown ; went over in 
in an omnibus. Found it a fine, old town. From its "Heights" 
had a splendid view of the Potomac, and the country beyond. 
Visited its Cemetery, where I remained about two hours. The 
most beautiful I have seen. Eead. 

April 29, 1860. — "Went to church, to hear Eev. Dr. Early, a 
distinguished Eoman Catholic, jn-each. He was interesting ... 
his discourse being a dissertation on good morals, and not char- 
acterized by any illiberality. Eead. 

April 30, 1860. — House met to-day, and consumed its sitting 
in Buncombe speaking. But few members present. Excite- 
ment in regard to the doings of the Charleston Convention, very 
great, and increasing. Eead nothing. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON, 



May 1, 1860. — Session, to-day, devoted, as on yesterday, to 
speaking. Democracy in great confusion — the secession of a 
portion of the delegates, creating much feeling. Eead. 

May 2, 1860. — A quorum was present to-day. I^othing of 
importance done. It is thought, to-day, that Guthrie, of Ken- 
tucky, will be nominated for the Presidency, at Charleston. 
Very doubtful. Excitement intense. 

May 3, 1860. — Convention at Charleston certainly divided, 
linearly all the delegates from the Southern States have seceded, 
and are holding a separate Convention. Hurrah for — their 
utter annihilation ! Eead nothing. 

May 4, 1860. — Both branches of the Democracy, at Charles- 
ton, have adjourned — no nomination by either. The seceders 
are again to meet at Eichmond, and the others at Baltimore. 
Great excitement among all classes. 

Washington, D. C, 

May 4, 1860. 
Dear Sophie: — 

Got your letter of Saturday, last night. Oh, that I 
could have been with you and the children, in your walk to the 
woods, garden, and around the yard ! But I console myself with 
the idea, that, before many days, we will walk together around 
the walks and grounds of "Washington — not equal to a walk at 
home ; still, it will be a walk together. When your letter sug- 
gested the idea of your coming with Col. Stokes, I could not 
understand why it had not occurred to me. My hope is, that 
by the time this letter gets to Lebanon, you may be here — act- 
ing on his suggestion of bundling up and coming along with him. 
Indeed, so confident am I of seeing you here, that I feel but 
little interest in writing to you, as I feel that the letter will, 
likely, not be read. 

Mr. Brazelton and lady, and her sister, of East Tennessee, 
are here, on their way to Baltimore. The ladies are very 
handsome and pleasant, and I have been playing the agreeable, 
to the best of my ability. Annoyed Mrs. B. a good deal, by 



278 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

ray references to her husband's attention to Mary Campbell. 
Tell Miss Mary Camjjbell that the young man, of whom I was 
writing, is married. * * H^ '^ * * >}^ 

The Democracy are in utter dismay, here — don't know what 
to do or say — dumb-founded, perfectly. Our party ai*e de- 
lighted at their discomfiture, whether they can make anything 
of it, or not. Our Convention will be largely attended. But 
you will not get this; so, I've written enough. Love to all. 

Yours aflfectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

May 5, 1860. — Some thirty Tennesseans here ; most of them 
on their way to Baltimore, to the Union Convention. For su- 
perior worth, and high talent, no such a delegation has ever 
before gone to a Convention from Tennessee. 

May 6, 1860. — Went with number of friends, to hear Dr. 
Stockton preach at Hall of the House of Eepresentatives. They 
wei-e, as I always am, delighted with him. This evening, went 
with several of them to the Catholic Church. Eead. 

May 7, 1860. — Got a letter from Sophie this morning, fi'om 
which I infer she is about ready to start for Washington. It 
seems like years, rather than months, that I have been separa- 
ted from her and the children. Spirited debate in the Senate 
to-day — war on Douglas. 

May 8, 1860. — Discussion in the Senate on Davis' resolutions, 
continued — Clingman, Benjamin, Johnson, of Tenn.; Davis, and 
Douglas, particij)ating. Some are striving for harmony in 
the Democratic ranks ; some are for making the breach wider. 
My feelings are with the latter. 

May 9, 1860. — Went to Baltimore, to attend the Convention 
of the Union party. Found it composed of the finest body of 
men I ever saw assembled together. Bell's prospects for the 
nomination, are best. No Bible in my room. 

May 10, 1860. — Attended Convention to-day. Its session 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 279 

was most harmonious. The platform adopted was : " The 
Union, the Constitution, and the enforcement of the Laws." 
Bell was nominated on 2d ballot, for the Presidency, and Ev- 
erett, hy acclamation, for the Vice Presidency. 

May 11, 1860. — Eeturned from Baltimore ; was thi-ee and a 
half hours in coming, the storm having seriously injured the 
track of the road. Found on return that our nominations were 
well received by the decent men of all parties. Read nothing. 

3Iay 12, 1860. — To-day was consumed in transaction ofTorri 
torial business. Eesolution was adopted to attend the landing 
of the embassy from Japan. Got letter from father. Eead. 

May 13, I860.— Went to the Southern Methodist Church, to- 
day, and heard a discourse on the present condition of society 
in TJ. S. The afternoon has been spent in reading. To-night, 
got a letter from vSophie. Read. 

Monday, May 14, 1860. — The arrival of my wife in Washing- 
ton, put an end to my keeping up my Diary. It was kept for 
her eye. Her presence here, did away with its necessity. 

The arrival of Mrs. Hatton in Washington, closed, not only 
the Diary, but the correspondence also, so far as she was con- 
cerned. 

As has already been seen, Mr. Hatton was Chairman of the 
Committee on ISTaval Affairs. Here he was j)rompt and faithful, 
as usual. He was quick to examine into, and detect fraud in 
the transactions of the Secretary of the Navy, and others. On 
the 19th of Febi'uary, 1860, the following resolutions were 
offered in the House of Representatives : 

CEKSURE OF THE PRESIDENT AND SECRETARY OF THE NAVY. 

Resolved, That the Secretary of the Navy has, with the sanctioa of the 
President, abused his discretionary power in the selection of a coal agent, 
and in the purchase of fuel for the Government. 

Resolved, That the contract made by the Secretary of the Navy, under 
date of September 23, 1858, with William C. N. Swift, for the delivery of 



280 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

livo oak timber, was made in violation of law, and in a manner unusual, 
improper, and injurious to the public service. 

Resolved, That the distribution, by the Secretai'y of the Navy, of the pat- 
ronage in the navy-yards among members of Congress, was destructive of 
discipline, corrupting in its influences, and highly injurious to the public 
service. 

Resolved, That the President, and Secretary of the Navy, by receiving 
and considering the party relations of bidders for contracts with the United 
States, and the effect of awarding contracts, upon pending elections, have set 
an example dangerous to the public safety, and deserving the reproof of this 
House. 

Resolved, That the appointment, by the Secretary of the Navy, of Daniel B. 
Martin, chief engineer, as a member of a board of engineers, to report upon 
proposals for constructing machinery for the United States, the said 
Martin, at the time, being pecuniarily interested in some of said proposals, 
is hereby censured by this House. 

The Nashville Patriot^ of June, 1860, speaks thus of the res- 
olutions, and furnishes the subjoined classification of the votes 
on the same : 

" These resolutions were referred to the Committee on Expen- 
ditiires in the Navy Department, of which, Hon. Eobert Hat- 
ton, of this State, is Chairman, who reported them back on the 
11th inst., with a recommendation that they be adopted. They 
were made the special order of the 13th inst., and having been 
taken up, Mr. Bocock moved to lay them on the table. This 
motion was rejected — ayes 65; noes 120. 

Ayes: — All Democrats 65 

Noes: — Republicans 97 

Southern Opposition 21 

Democrats 2—120 

The two Democrats who voted in the negative, were Davis, 
of Iowa, and Morris, of Illinois. 

Each resolution was then taken up, ^and voted u]3on sep- 
arately. 

The first resolution was adopted without a count on either 
side. 

The second resolution was adopted — ayes 119; noes GO. 

Ayes: — Republicans .96 

Southern Opposition 21 

Democrats 2—119 

Noes: — All Democrats 60 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 281 

Messrs. Davis, of Iowa, and Morris, of Illinois, again voted 
with the ojDponents of the Administration. 

The thii-d resolution was adopted — ayes 123; noes 61. 

Ayes: — Republicans 99 

Southern Opposition 21 

Democrats 3—123 

Noes : — All Democrats 61 

The Democrats voting in the affirmative, were Messrs. Davis, 
of Iowa; Morris, of Illinois; Pryor, of Virginia. 

The fourth resolution was adopted — ayes 106 ; noes 61 

Ayes: — Republicans 87 

Southern Opposition 17 

Democrats 2 — 106 

Noes: — Democrats 59 

Republicans 2 — 61 

The Democrats voting in the affirmative, were, Messrs. Davis, 
of Iowa, and Morris, of Illinois. The Eepublicans voting in 
the negative, were, Messrs. Adams, of Massachusetts, and Clark, 
of New York. 

The fifth resolution was adopted — ayes 90 ; noes 39. 

Ayes: — Republicans 72 

Southern Opposition 17 

Democrats 1 — 90 

Noes: — All Democrats 39 

The Democrat voting in the affirmative, was, Mr. Pryor, of 
Virginia. Messrs. Davis, of Iowa, and Morris, of Illinois, were 
not present." 

Just before the question was taken on the resolution, Mr. 
Hatton addressed the House in support of them. His speech, 
which we append, will give the reader a proper understanding 
of the subject. 

SPEECH OF HON. ROBERT HATTON. 

The purpose, Mr. Speaker, of most of "what we have heard from the Ad- 
ministration benches upon the subject before us, has been to show that this 
House, whatever may have been the conduct of the President, or his Secre- 
tary of the Navy, can give no expression of disapprobation of either, with- 
out being guilty of an infringement upon Executive prerogative. The Hon- 



282 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

orable Secretary of the Navy, himself, modestly says as much, in his 
communicatioa addressed to me, two days since, -which has been printed by 
order of the House, and handed to members this morning. 

Now, sir, I have no argument with the Secretary, nor with those who are 
of counsel for him, upon this nicely-drawn plea, in [abatement to the juris- 
diction of this House. I am not to be diverted from the legitimate subject of 
discussion by this " tub to the whale." 

That we possess the constitutional power to adopt these resolutions, I have 
no doubt. The Committee of this House, upon the Judiciary, at the present 
session, have considered this question, and have so decided, and the House, 
by an overwhelming majority- — a majority composed of meiiibers of all par- 
ties represented here — indorsed their decision. 

That the existence of such a power should be denied to this body, will be, 
to those versed in legislative history and constitutional law, matter of much 
surprise. It is a power which the legislative assemblies of monarchical, 
and even semi-despotic Governments, have not hesitated to exercise in refer- 
ence to the highest executive funtionaries. And in this free Government of 
ours, a characterizing feature of which, is the strict accountability to the 
people, to which public officers are intended to be held, shall this power in 
us, their immediate representatives, be questioned ? 

The Secretary of the Navy — a Secretary at the head of a Department, 
"from all the avenues of which," according to high Democratic authority, 
"proceeds an insufferable stench" — a Secretary at the head of a Department 
in which it is conceded, by men of all parties upon the floor, there is the 
greatest misrule and corruption ; that Secretary gravely announced to this 
House, in a communication to the chairman of one of its committees, that if 
you attempt to exercise this power, by an expression of your disapprobation, 
you infringe upon the high prerogative of the executive department of the 
Government ! 

Mr. Speaker, we are called upon to vote millions of dollars each session of 
Congress, to be expended in this Department ; and when we have examined 
into the manner of its expenditure, and would express an opinion to the 
country as to whether it was done properly or not, we are met by a protest 
from the Secretary, denying to us the power, and reading to us a lecture for 
an attempt at its usurpation, and impertinently reminding us of our oaths of 
office, which he would intimate, we are in danger of violating. That we 
have the power to impeach him, the Honorable Secretary graciously informs 
us, but assumes we have no such intention. His assumption is without au- 
thority. We determine our own action without consulting the Secretary ; 
choosing our own mode of procedure, feeling assured, if we have the power 
to impeach and put upon trial, we possess the lesser power to censure. Sir, 
does not the same power which authorizes me, as an individual member of 
this body, to express my opinion, whether of censure or commendation, of 
the Secretary, enable the members of the House to record their united judg- 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 283 

ment upon his acts ? Does not the argument which denies the power to the 
House, seal my lips, and render any declaration of opinion on my part, as a 
Eepresentative, an infraction of the Secretary's high prerogative? How 
long will it be, sir, before we will be receiving from the hands of Depart- 
ments, communications instructing us as to the extent they will permit us 
to speak of their public acts, and warning us, upon the penalty of their dis- 
pleasure, against transcending the limits they may assign to us ? 

I desire to refer to the authority cited by the honorable gentleman from 
Virginia, [Mr. Bocock,] in support of the position of the Secretary — the 
protest message which General Jackson addressed to the Senate of the 
United States, in the year 1834, when certain resolutions were passed by 
that body, reflecting upon his conduct. Now, sir, I submit to that gentle- 
man, that he has misconceived the position assumed by President Jackson, 
in that message. I have sent for it, and have it before me, and so far from 
denying this power to this House, he conceded it. He says : 

" His conduct [the President's] may come under review in either branch 
of the Legislature," and "so far as the executive or legislative proceedings 
of these bodies may require it, it may be examined by them." 

Yet, as in the event of an impeachment, the members of the Senate were 
to constitute his judges, he objected to a pre-judgment of the case by their 
adoption of a resolution of censure, declaring that " the Constitution made 
the House of Representatives the exclusive judges, in the first instance, of the 
question whether the President had committed an impeachable offense." So 
much, Mr. Speaker, for this, the only authority relied on by the gentleman. 

Not to prolong this argument, which I intended to have passed over more 
briefly when I rose, I will suggest to the gentleman that " the three great 
men" — Clay, Calhoun, and Webster — were all decided in their opinion, that 
not only this House, but also the Senate, possessed the power in question. 
That such was their belief, they evidenced to the country in the most solemn 
manner, by a united vote in the Senate, on the 28th of March, 1834. These 
men thought we had the power. General Jackson conceded it. I am ready 
to exercise it. If in error, my responsibility is to my constituents. I owe 
it to them to perform fearlessly the duties they commissioned me to dis- 
charge ; and amongst the most important of these duties, I recognize that of 
detecting and exposing to the country, the frauds and the corruptions of 
those in power. No protest from the Secretary shall deter me. 

The real question before us, is, have the President and Secretary done 
wrong? and, if so, should we not say so by the adoption of these resolutions ? 
Would their adoption do injustice to these ofncials ? If so, we should, as 
honorable men, stop right here. I would scorn myself, and feel that I was 
unworthy the association of gentlemen, if I were capable, thi-ough party 
prejudices, of doing any man injustice, whether he be the President or his 
lowest menial. I would no less despise myself if I should shrink from the 
performance of a duty I owe to those whom I represent, because it involved 



284 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

an exposure and condemnation of the President and a Cabinet ofi&cer. I 
say to honorable gentlemen of all parties : " You have to vote on these reso- 
lutions ; if you do not, leave your seats, and go from the Hall; you have to 
vote 'aye' or 'no,' and it is due to yourselves, and due to the officials in- 
volved, that you should comprehend the facts on which you are called to 
pass." Are the allegations in the resolutions true or false ? 

I announced the other day, to the honorable and distinguished gentleman 
from Virginia, that I was perfectly willing, in any ai'gument we might have 
upon these resolutions, io confine myself strictly to iliejacts set forth in his own 
report, to sustain every position I should assume. This is certainly as much 
as he and his party friends could ask. The statements of facts are much 
fuller in my own report; still, that there may be no ground for complaint, I 
shall not refer to it, but confine myself to that of the gentleman from Vir- 
ginia ; and, in view of the facts set forth in that report, I challenge him to 
vote against these resolutions. 

The fact charged in the first resolution, is, " that the Secretary of the 
Navy, with the sanction of the President, abused his discretionary power in 
the selection of a coal agent, and in the purchase of fuel for the Govern- 
ment." The law under which this agency is created, requires the Secretary 
of the Navy to make the appointment. It gives no such power to the Presi- 
dent. Who made the appointment of Dr. Hunter ? The President of the 
United States made it — and why ? Because, as the Secretary of the Nav 
said, it was a Pennsylvania appointment, and because Dr. Hunter was re- 
commended as " a sound, active, and influential Democrat." The Secretary 
of the Navy, not so jealous as now, of his prerogatives, surrendered his 
power of the appointment into the hands of the President, in order that he 
might reward a political partizan. Is that, or is it not, an abuse of dis- 
cretion ? I submit that it is. And who was Dr. Hunter, the man thus ap- 
pointed ? The gentleman from Virginia said that there was, in the hands of 
the Secretary of the Navy, and of the President, evidence, that this man 
Hunter was " eminently qualified for the position," He is mistaken. There 
was no such evidence before the President. There was a certificate contain- 
ing this phraseology I have quoted, and saying he was competent, and that 
his appointment would be highly gratifying to the Democracy of his county. 
This certificate was signed, amongst others, by one who was to be a partner 
with Dr. Hunter, if he got the contract. And that he was to be a partner, 
was known to the President and Secretary of the Navy. That is the charac- 
ter of Dr. Hunter's recommendation. 

Now, Mr. Speaker, we have shown that the Secretary violated his trust, in 
suri'endering to the President, the power to make this appointment, which the 
law required him to make. We have shown the grounds upon which he was 
appointed. The next question is, was it a proper and fit appointment to be 
made? Let the gentleman from Virginia, [Mr. Bocock,] answer. He in his 
report, says that Hunter, who was then, and is still, a practicing physician 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 285 

in Reading, Pennsylvania, was " utterly worthless as an agent," and that 
his partner was but little, if any, better. The whole business of the agency 
was surrendered by Hunter into the hands of Stone, Tyler & Co. This firm, 
furnished the coal — were the parties that sold the coal to the Government. 
They filled the double office of salesmen to the Government and agent for the 
Government, without any one to see whether they acted fairly or corruptly. 
Was that an abuse? 

Again, Mr. Speakei", I submit that in this report, made by the Honorable 
gentleman from Virginia, there is proof that the Government of the United 
States paid exhorbitant prices for this coal — the amount charged by Stone, 
Tyler & Co., these venders to, and, at the same time, agents for, the Govern- 
ment, charging largely more than the price at which other responsible par- 
ties proposed to furnish it. 

Again, it is in proof in the gentlaman's report, that Dr. Hunter, performed 
no service ; that his partner, Mr, Smith, performed but little, if any ; that 
they were absolutely " useless as agents;" yet it is in proof, that they were 
paid by the Government at the rate of $14,000 per annum. Was that right 
or was it wrong? Honorable gentlemen are to vote on this resolution. Let 
them decide whether it was an abuse or not. 

The next resolution declares : 

" That the contract made by the Secretary with William C. N. Swift, for 
the delivery of live-oak, was made in violation of law, and in a manner unu- 
sual, improper and injurious to the public service. " 

Before I determined upon the report which I have made, I examined criti- 
cally the phraseology of every line of every one of these resolutions, to see 
whether it was justified by the proof, and I now wish to show you that the 
evidence contained in the report of the honorable member from Virginia, 
[Mr. Bocock,] justifies me in saying, that this contract with Swift, was in 
" violation of law ;" that it was "unusual;" that it was "improper;" and 
that it was "injiirious to the public service." Was it "in violation of law?" 
1 say it was properly so, aild I challenge the honorable gentleman from 
Vii-ginia, to confront me now with a denial, if he does not admit my propo- 
sition. 

The law requires that all timber be bought by what is called " open pur- 
chase," or by advertisement for bids. Was it purchased by open contract? 
No. The Secretary told Swift 'that he had no right to purchase it in that way ; 
there being no such necessity for the timber as would justify him in pur- 
chasing without advertisement. 

Did he conform to the law relating to purchases by advertisement? What 
is that ? Advertisements shall be made for bids, and the contract given to 
the lowest bidder. Was Swift the lowest bidder ? He was not. A number 
of parties underbid him. These parties, however, failed to comply with 
their contracts for want of time. Under the law, what then was to be done ? 
This is the statute : 



286 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

"In case the lowest bidder shall fail to enter into such contract and give 
such security within a reasonable time, to be fixed in such advertisement, 
then the contract shall be given to the next lowest bidder, who shall enter 
into such contract and give such security. — Brightly, p. 677. 

Now, did the Secretary give the contract to the next lowest bidder ? He 
did not? But in violation of law, without any notice whatever, to the other bid- 
ders, he summarilly annulled the contracts he had made, and gave them to Swift. — 
Again, the contract made with Swift was dated the 23d of September, 1858; 
twenty-two days before the contract to deliver it was made! There was no pre- 
tense, then — none whatever — that the contract made with Swift was in ac- 
coi'dance with the advertisement; for the time for the delivery of the timber 
had actually passed before the contract was entered into. Then it was made 
without reference to any advertisement. But he admitted he had no right 
to purchase without it; and, of course, when he did it, it was done in viola- 
tion of law. 

Was there any thing unusual in this contract ? The honorable member 
from Virginia, [Mr. Bocock,] in his report, (p. 32,) states that— 

"The usual time allowed contractors for live-oak, is one and two years, 
because, unlike other timber, it is rarely kept on hand by lumbermen, and 
generally has to be cut near the coast of the Gulf of Mexico, after the con- 
tracts were made ; and being esteemed more valuable when cut between the 
the 1st of November and 1st of March, one Winter season, at least, is al- 
lowed for that purpose." 

What time was, by the advertisement, allowed for Ihe fulfillment of this 
contract ? It was to be delivered on the 1st of September — half of it — to 
quote the language of the report of the gentleman from "Virginia, [Mr. Bo- 
cock,] — " about twenty days after the contracts were completed." Yes, sir, 
instead of one and two years being allowed, as 7cas usual, in this instance, for 
the filling of half of the contract, twenty days only were allowed. 

Y/as there anything " improper" in the manner in which this contract was 
made? Facts stated in the report of the gentleman from Virginia [Mr. Bo- 
cock,] shall furnish my answer. In that report it is stated that Swift & Big- 
ler had a large quantity of timber at certain of the navy-yards, which was 
unusually small in size, and of such character that they have not been able 
to dispose of it. Swift had the largest quantity. They saw the Secretary 
of the Navy, and tried to get him to buy it at open purchase without adver- 
tisement. He said he could not do that, there being no pressing necessity 
for the timber to justify him. It was, however, agreed beticeen them that an 
advertisement should be made for one hundred and fifty thousand feet of the 
very kind of timber that Swift & Bigler had at the yards, and that the time 
should be made so short that no one could compete with them — they being, as 
the Secretary knew, the only persons who had any of this description of 
timber at the yards. It was agreed that Swift should put in a bid, at which 
the timber was to be bought, and that Bigler should bid also, but at higher 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 287 

figures. The contract was to be given to Swift, and lie was to take all of 
Bigler's timber, and put it in with his, and at the same price. It is admitted 
that the quantity of timber bought of Swift was not needed, and that a great 
part of it is still lying in the yards, untouched. It is stated further, in the 
report of the gentleman, [Mr, Bocock,] (p. 33,) by way of explanation of the 
Secretary's extraordinary conduct in awarding this contract to Swift in the 
manner he did, that — 

"Swift was an ardent friend of the present Administration, and had ex- 
pended his money freely, (more than ten thousand dollars,) to aid the elec- 
tion of Mr. Buchanan. It was known to the Secretary, that he had been libe- 
ral, as proved by George Plitt, and it was natural he should have a kind re- 
gard for him." 

Now, sir, in conclusion, upon this point, I state that the report of the gen- 
tleman from Virginia, contains proof, beyond controversy or cavil, that there 
was a glaring and corrupt collusion and combination between the Secretary 
and Swift — this "ardent friend of the Administration"— which prevented 
all competition for the conti'act for this timber, and that it was entered into 
by the Secretary to prevent competition, and to secure, regardless of the 
public interest, the contract to Swift as compensation for partisan services. 
Was that proper or "improper?" Gentlemen who have to vote upon the 
resolutions must decide. 

Was this contract " injurious to the public service ?" It is in proof, by 
Mr. Lenthall, Chief of the Bureau of Construction, that the shortness of the 
time allowed to contractors in the advertisement, made to secure the contract 
to Swift, caused the bids to be some fifteen per cent, higher than they other- 
wise would have been, resulting in a loss to the Government of some $25,000. 
Was not this contract, then, sir, " made in violation of law, and in a manner 
unusiial, improper, and injurious to the public service ?" 

I call the attention of this House to the third resolution : 

"Resolved, That the distribution, by the Secretary of the 'Na.xj, of the pat- 
ronage in the navy-yards among members of Congress, was destructive of 
discipline, corrupting in its influence, and highly injurious to the public 
service." 

I ask the special attention of the honoi'able gentleman from Virginia to 
what I have to say upon this resolution, and / challenge him to deny, what I 
noiv allege, that each specific allegation in this resolution is fully warranted by 
evidence furnished by his oivn report. 

The first allegation is, that the distribution of patronage in the' navy-yards 
among members of Congress, was " destructive of discipline." The gentle- 
man from Virginia, upon the 6th and 7th pages of his report, says expressly, 
that this distribution of patronage in the navy-yards, has resulted in idle- 
ness, in disregard of duty, and in general, in insubordination. I take it for 
granted that he knew what he was saying; that he meant precisely what he 
deliberately penned in his report. 



288 LIFE OF GENERAL EGBERT HATTON. 

"Was it corrupting in its influence?" On the 6th page of the gentleman's 
report will be found the evidence that it was, where he states that " men 
have been appointed, under this system, without due regard to their qualifi- 
cations, and retained sometimes after they had shown themselves unworthy. 
They learned to rely, in part, on a strong friend to retain them," instead of 
relying on " meritorious services." Again, on the same page, he says: 

"The system of appointing and retaining men in the yard, upon political 
influence, works great evil." 

The last allegation in this resolution is, " that it was injurious to the pub- 
lic service." The honorable gentleman from Virginia, on pages 6 and 8, of 
his report, furnishes abundant proof that it was highly injurious to the pub- 
lic service ; and himself admits the fact. Then, sir, I submit, without addi- 
tional argument, that I have the honorable gentleman from Virginia standing 
side by side with me, in saying that each and every one of these allegations 
are true; and I leave it with gentlemen to say, whether, with these facts 
staring them in the face, they can vote "no," upon the resolution. Hoio can 
the gentleman from Virginia vote, "no?" 

Upon the facts, he cannot. And this being so, we can understand why it 
is, that technical objections are thrown in our waj'. First, comes the Sec- 
retary and the gentleman from Virginia, [Mr. Bocock,] the recognized 
leader of his party on this floor, with a plea in abatement to the jurisdiction 
of this body, denying that we have any right to consider these propositions, 
much less to pass upon them by a vote. Then, the gentleman who imme- 
diately preceded me — the honorable gentleman from Virginia, [Mr. Milson,] 
a gentleman, permit me to say, for whose distinguished ability and per- 
sonal worth, I entertain the highest respect — rises in his place, and files a 
regular plea of the statute of limitations, declaring that "the time has 
passed," and that we cannot properly act upon any proof taken at the last 
Congress, aifecting the character of the Secretary. The point is so nice, it is 
difiBcult of comprehension. The admitted reasoning capacity of the gentle- 
man has not enabled him to make an argument in its support, even plausible 
in its character. Very certain I feel, that, had the Honorable Secretary and 
his friends not regarded his case as a desperate one, no such plea would have 
been filed, and relied upon in argument. 

But those who may suppose there is more weight in this suggestion than I 
have been disposed to give to it, I refer to a case directly in point, occurring 
in the Senate of the United States, in 1852-53: By resolution of the 6th of 
August, 1852, a committee was raised to investigate certain abuses in va- 
rious departments of the Government. A large amount of testimony was 
taken, involving serious charges of malfeasance in office; but the session of 
Congress closed before the committee reported. At the next session — a ses- 
sion, too, of a new Congress — a report was made, and without objection, 
upon the testimony taken during the past Congress. 
The fourth resolution is as follows: 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON, 289 

^'■Resolved, That the President, and Seci-etary of the Navy, by receiving 
and considering the party relations of bidders, for contracts with the United 
States, and the effect of awardingcontracts upon pending elections, have set 
an example dangerous to the public safety, and deserving the reproof of this 
House." 

Can the language of this resolution be justified by anything in the report 
of the gentleman from Virginia? In that report I find a letter from W. C. 
Patterson, of Philadelphia, addressed to Mr. Buchanan, asking that the con- 
tract for the machinery of a sloop, building at the Navy Yard at Philadel- 
phia, may be awarded to Merrick & Sons, from which I read the following: 

"Theirs (Merrick & Sons) is the only establishment in the First District 
that employs a large number of mechanics — at this time, three hundred and 
ninety; when in full blast, four hundred and fifty. 

"The managing partners (Mr. M., Sr., being absent in bad health) are full 
of energy, straining every nerve to keep their force during this depression ; 
and, in so far as I know, the only Old Whigs of any influence, in that District, 
w/io are in favor of the re-election of Col. Florence. 

"I know, /rom former experience, the value of that influence, and feel per- 
suaded that it is the interest of the Demoaratic party to inci'ease it. 

"The First District, will, / hope, be carried, in any event; but, with that 
shop at work, full-handed, two iveeks prior to the election, the result would, I 
think, be placed beyond all doubt. 

"With much respect, 

"W. C. Patterson. 

"■The President" 

Upon the letter is the following indorsement, written, as the gentleman' s 
report shows, by the President himself : 

''Sep)tember 15, 1858. 

"The enclosed letter from Col. Patterson, of Philadelphia, is submitted to 
the attention of the Seretary of the Navy. J. B." 

The gentleman, in the report, says, the writing of such a letter "cannot be 
too strongly condemned;" but, he asks, shall the President and Secretary be 
blamed for the act of Col. Patterson? and insists that there is no proof that 
they were influenced by it to give the contract to Merrick & Sons. Sir, it is 
not for receiving this letter that I blame the President, but for the considera- 
tion he gave it, and for submitting it to the Secretary of the Navy, with an 
indorsement, in his own handwriting, calling the attention of the Secretary 
to it. 

What is the proposition contained in the letter? It is to bribe thfe Presi- 
dent, and to bribe the Secretary of the Navy, to give the contract to Merrick 
& Sons — the consideration being, the procurement of votes, to secure the elec- 
tion to this House, of a friend of the Administration. The Secretary of the 
Navy stood at the head of his Department, as a judge, to decide between 

19 



290 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

these bidders for the contract — to determine, on his oath, as a judicial officer, 
to whom — looking exclusively to the public good — the contract should be 
given. What does the President do ? He deliberately sits down, and by an 
indorsement, in his own handwriting, in which he speaks familiarly of "Col. 
Patterson, of Philadelphia," calls the attention of the Secretary of the Navy 
to a letter, in which it is stated, that, if the contract is given to Merrick & 
Sons, they will control the vote of their establishment for Col. Florence, a 
friend of the President, and certainly secure his election to Congress. 

Who got the contract? Merrick & Sons. Were they the lowest bidders? 
They were not. The Novelty Iron Works, the largest establishment of the 
kind in the United States, proposed to do the work for $4,000 less. AVas Col. 
Florence elected? He sits on my left, here; whether elected by Merrick & 
Sons, I am not certainly informed. 

The fact of the President receiving this letter — of his considering it — and 
of his indorsing it with his own hand, calling to it the attention of the Secre- 
tary of the Navy, has been made the subject of free comment and debate 
upon the other side of the Atlantic. The fact was stated, and elaborately 
commented on, by Earl Gray, in an argument upon the Reform Bill, delivered 
in the House of Lords, on the 19th of April, of this year. Comparing the 
character of the British Government with that of our own, he says, in 
speaking of the United States: 

"There has been au inquiry into the state of the Navy of the United 
States, and the result of that inquiry lias been the publication of a mass of 
documents, which, I am sure, no man can read without the greatest astonish- 
ment. Contracts are proved to have been habitually and avowedly made, to 
promote, not the interest of the public, but of the individual. A physician 
is shown to have been appointed to be agent for the purchase of coal, who 
knew nothing about coal — who never did anything in the purchase of coal 
but sign the certificates brought to him, and who received the appointment in 
order to share with others, the profits of the contract. More than this — we 
have letters addressed to the highest officers of the Government, calling on 
them to grant contracts to particular individuals, for electioneering pur- 
poses." 

I call attention to what he says of this Patterson letter. When I first 
read it my cheeks burned with shame and indignation: 

"One letter is addressed to Mr. Buchanan himself, urging him, in the 
strono-est manner, to have the contract for the machinery of a steam sloop 
assigned to a particular house in Philadelphia, with a view to the election. 
There is. no disguise. It is put, openly, that it is of importance, in the then 
state of the election, that the contract should be given to this particular 
house. I appeal to your lordships, whether, if a letter were addressed to a 
First Lord of the Admiralty, making a demand of that kind, and it were 
proved that he had listened to it, for a moment, he would not, by the universal 
indignation of all parties, in Parliament and out of it, be driven from the 



LIFE OP 'general ROBERT HATTON. 291- 

councils of the State. [Cheers.] But the letter to which I have referred, 
bore this indorsement: ' Tlie enclosed letter from Col. Patterson, of Phila- 
delphia, is submitted to the attention of the Secretary of the Navy. — J. B.' 
[Laughter.] Such corruption produces its natural effects upon every inter- 
est in the country." 

This learned and justly distinguished statesman announces that such a 
flagrant exhibition of corruption and wrong was indicated by the reception 
and consideration of this letter by the President and his Secretary, that had 
it occurred in the British Crovernment, it would have resulted in a summary 
and indignant dismissal from office of the party implicated. Yet, we hear 
"gentlemen upon this floor, announcing that they attach very little importance 
to this matter. I, sir, regard tliis conduct of the President and Secretary of 
the Navy, as a deliberate insult to the American character; an insult to each 
individual voter in this country. The President was entertaining a proposi- 
tion for what? To dispose of, at wholesole, the suffrages of freemen. The 
proposition was nothing more or less than an offer to the President for the 
sale and delivery of a sufficient number of votes to secure the election of one 
of his partisans. That it was not instantly repelled by the President, and 
that its reference to the Secretary was not indignantly resented by that officer 
as an insult to him, is something to be set down to their common shame. 

I wish, in this connecton, to refer to the report of the member from Vir- 
ginia in support of this resolution. On pages 50 and 51 , I find the following: 

"Your committee are aware of the very general practice which has long 
prevailed of addressing, by letter, and verbally, to the officers of the Gov- 
ernment, recommendations based in whole or in part, upon political conside- 
rations. The practice cannot be too strongly condemned, especially so 
where it is resoi'ted to with a view to aflFect the award of contracts." 

The case under consideration was one where this "practice" was "resorted 
to," for the exclusive and especial purpose of securing a contract. Instead 
of being rebuked by the President, it was encouraged by him — the contract 
being awarded according to the prayer of the letter. The argument of your 
report, [pointing to Mr. Bocock] is, that this practice and such conduct is 
dangerous, and "cannot be too strongly condemned;" yet, in your speech to- 
day, the purpose of your reasoning, is to prove that it ought not to be con- 
demned. 

By way of an attempt at an explanation of the conduct of the President 
it has been said, in connection with the Patterson letter, that it was the 
habit of the President to submit all letters addressed to him to his Secreta- 
ries, as the business referred to in the letter, might appertain to the transac- 
tions of the one or other of the Departments ; and that it was natural for Mr. 
Buchanan to refer this letter, like others, to his Secretary. The Committee 
called one of the private Secretaries of the President to give evidence in re- 
ference to what was the habit of the President. What did that witness say? 
' Question. I would like to ask you whether the President, no matter 



292 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

what may be the character of the letters, destroys them, or is it his practice 
to send them to liis different Departments ? 

" Answer. Yes, sir; he sends every letter to the Departments, unless it is a 
silly letter or a crazy letter." 

But, if it happens to be a letter which would tamper with the honor of the 
highest officers of the Government ; if it proposes to sell out the sovereignty 
of the people at the ballot-box, if it proposes, in a doubtful district, to electa 
Democrat to Congress ; if it proposes, in exchange for a profitable contract, 
to give votes to build up and sustain the Administration, then it is not re- 
garded as either silly or crazy, but it is esteemed very proper to be, and is, 
submitted to the consideration of the Secretary of the Navy. I submit that, 
if there is any character of communication which should be torn up and spit 
upon, it is one which proposes to bribe the highest officer of the Government. 

I would like to dwell longer upon this resolution. It is one that demands 
the consideration of this House, because, as was wisely said by Washington, 
"the ballot-box 2s our palladittm.'' Whenever that becomes corrupted; when- 
ever the elective franchise of the citizen comes to be lightly regarded ; when- 
ever the right to vote is made a matter of barter, then, " Ichabod" may be 
written upon the walls of our National Capitol; for, as a nation, our glory 
shall have departed. 

The last resolution is : 

"That the appointment by the Secretai*y of the Navy of Daniel B. Martin, 
chief Engineer, as a member of the Board of Engineers, to report upon pro- 
posals for constructing machinery for the United States, the said Martin, at 
the time, being pecuniarily interested in some of said proposals, is hereby 
censured by this House." 

Now, Mr. Speaker, 1 call the attention of the House to what my colleague 
on this committee, [Mr. Bocock,] says in his report about the matter in- 
volved in this resolution. His statement of the facts is an admission that 
this man Martin was interested in the contracts awarded; that this interes- 
ted party was placed on a Board of Engineers to determine to whom these 
contracts should be given. Though he cannot find any fault with the con- 
tracts themselves, he says, "it would have been more proper and satisfactory 
if another person than Mr, Martin had been selected." Why ? Because he 
was interested in the contracts on which he was called to pass. I ask the 
gentleman from Virginia how it is, that he can admit, in his report, that it 
was wrong, yet, by his course on the resolutions, seem to deny that it was 
wrong? I cannot reconcile these conflicting positions of the honorable 
member. 

I am making no reflections on him, but simply referring to facts to sustain 
my own report. His argument is, that although it was improper, although it 
ought to have been otherwise, yet he does not think it resulted in any harm 
to the country. That is not the question, Mr. Si)eakcr. It is whether what we 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 293 

say in this resolution is true or not. Was it improper for the Secretary to 
appoint a man on the board, to determine between contractors, who was 
himself interested in the awards to be made, and who, the Secretary of the 
Navy had been expressly informed, was thus interested? I submit it to 
gentlemen on the floor, without reference to party, whether that was not 
wrong ? If wrong, shall we not say so when we come to vote, "ay" or "no," 
on the proposition? 

I have now referred to each of these resolutions, and to the particular 
phraseology of each, and have referred to the report of the honorable member 
from Virginia, as furnishing authority for the declarations which constitute 
the very substance of the resolutions themselves. The report which I have 
made reccommends their adoption. I do not ask that any weight be given 
to our recomraedation, especially as the Secretary of the Navy, and his friend, 
the gentleman from Virginia, [Mr. Bocock,] have both expressed dissatisfac- 
tion at its organization. The gentleman from Virginia, thinks it strange 
that the member from Ohio [Mr. Sherman] should be on it, as he is upon 
another important committee. Is it less singular that the menaber himself 
should be on it? The acknowledged leaders of their respective parties in 
this Hall ; alike distinguished for their ability; their connection with the 
committee, furnished ample security against the party friends of either suf- 
fering for want of proper representation. But it is the Secretary of the 
Navy who seems most disturbed at the arrangement of this committee. In 
his letter to me, of the 11th iust., he manifests evident dissatisfaction at 
the fact that the member from Ohio [Mr. Sherman] was put by you, upon 
this committee. He would have arranged it differently. That the chairman 
of the Ways and Means Committee should be at the foot of this, disturbs 
him, and he declares his displeasure to me, as chairman of the committee. 
I have no doubt, sir, he dislikes it, and I am not astonished that he does. At the 
head of a Department, in which, according to the statements of the friends, 
as well as the foes of the Administration, there is the grossest corruption, he 
is naturally anxious about the character of those whose duty it may be to 
examine into its condition. The language of Ctesar, in speaking to Antony 
about Casius, has, to him, at this time, much significance : 

" Let me have men about me that are fat ; 
Sleek-headed men, and such as sleep o' night ; 
Yond' Cassius has a lean and hungry look; 
He thinks too truch; 
He i.s a gi-eat observer, and he looks 
Quite through the deeds of men. 
Such men are dangerous." 

So thinks the honorable Secretary; and hence his objection to your ap- 
pointment of the member from Ohio, upon this committee. That member is 
not only not "fat," but he "thinks much;" and, as the Secretary has dis- 
covered, is disposed to "look quite through the deeds of men," and to one in 
the Secretary's condition, this "is dangerous." 



294 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

Just here, Mi*. Speaker,.! ■would state that the present is the first instance 
in the history of this Government, where the head of one of the Departments 
either expressed any objection to the organization of a committee, or pro- 
tested against an investigation of, and judgment upon, his official conduct. 
Instances liave occurred where investigation was courted by the heads of 
Departments. Now, we have one saying to us, you have no power to pass in 
judgment upon my actions; you violate my prerogative, when you attempt 
it. May I, an humble Representative of the people, ask: 

" Upon what meat doth this our C'Ksar.feed, 
That he has grown so great?" 

I again repeat, that I do not ask members to attach any weight to our re- 
commendation, as a committee. With confidence I refer to the evidence, 
and, acting upon that, I challenge them to oppose the adoption of these reso- 
lutions. 

In conclusion, Mr. Speaker, I remark, an issue is directly made up with this 
House by the honorable Secretary. Whatever may have been his conduct, 
he says to us: "You have no power to declare your disapprobation, except 
by an impeachment." In the few minutes of my time unexpired, I shall not 
renew my argument upon this question. I claim for this House only such 
powers as Jackson, and Clay, and Calhoun, and Webster, believed it pos- 
sessed — such as have been exercised by the Parliament of England, as every 
intelligent man knows, since the days of the Stuarts. An English King, 
who is supposed to rule "by divine right," — who, according to a fiction of 
their laws, 'can do no wrong," — is still, in the acts of his administration, 
the subject of censure by the Parliament. And the popular branch of that 
body, upon which this House is modeled, does not hesitate to pass judgment 
upon the conduct, even of the House of Lords. A proposition of this kind is 
now pending in the House of Commons, condemning the House of Lords, 
for their action in regard to a revenue bill. And, in that Government, where 
the opinions of the people are not supposed to have as much weight as in our 
own, whenever, even the policy of the Cabinet, much less its official integrity, 
is unfavorably passed upon by the Representatives of the people, a dissolu- 
tion of the Cabinet, and the formation of a new one, is the immediate result. 
The British Cabinet officer is sensitively alive to the estimate in which his 
administration is held by the Commons. He makes no protest when they 
would disapprove. Not so with our Secretary of the Navy. In that same 
spirit which gave birth to the alien and sedition laws of 1798, he comes here 
with a protest, pleading his prerogative as a branch of thg Executive De- 
partment of the Government, and denying to us any right to disapprove his 
conduct. And with a freedom from nice sensibiaty wliich wo might excuse 
in an arraigned criminal in one of the courts of this district, but which 
could hardly have been expected in a Cabinet officer, he insists that this 
Congress cannot base an expression of opinion of his acts, upon proof taken 
during the last Congress. 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON, 295 

Yes, sir, pleas in abatement, and statutes of limitation, are now resorted 
to by the head of a Department, and his friends on this floor; and the ques- 
tion as to whether he has acted badly and wronged the country, is now for- 
bidden to be inquired into. 

It is further intimated by the Secretary, that the finding of our committee 
is based upon ex parte proof, and that he has not had full opportunity to de- 
fend himself. Were this statement true, then the Secretary has been 
wronged. But it is most erroneous. So far from its being true, it is a fact 
that he was represented, and most ably, at the taking of the proof. It was all 
furnished him as it was taken, and full liberty given him to cross-examine, 
and to introduce his own witnesses. When the resolutions were referred to 
our committee, at the opening of this session, I addressed a letter to the Sec- 
retary, telling him that the resolutions were before us for consideration ; that 
we would hear any suggestion, or receive any evidence he desired to present, 
that would throw any light on the propriety of adopting or rejecting the reso- 
lutions; but he did not answer us. I then saw him in person, and in sub- 
stance repeated what I had written, and assured him of our disposition to 
give him the fullest opportunity of vindicating himself. Although he com- 
municated with us on other subjects, it was not until after I had made my 
report to the House that this letter from the Secretary made its appearance, 
and we were told that we were transcending the limits of the law, in at- 
tempting the adoption of these resolutions. 

Now, sir, so far as I am individually concerned, I care not whether these 
I'esolutions are adopted or not; but I want to see which one of the Repre- 
sentatives of the people, upon this floor, is unwilling that Congress shall hold 
to a proper accountability, the executive officers ot this Government. I hope 
I properly respect the office of the President and of his Secretary ; I hope I 
so respect myself as to be unwilling to do either injustice ; but when the one 
or the other overleaps the bounds of propriety, as well as the law, and un- 
dertakes to indicate to me how I shall perform the offices which I was sent 
here to discharge, I tell him that it is not to him that I am responsible, but 
to my constituents; and if I decline to be controlled by his instructions, he 
must pardon me. 

In conclusion, Mr. Speaker, I desire to say, that, if it is decided by this 
vote that we cannot express our disapprobation of the Secretary — that, as he 
insists, all we can do is to impeach, the time may shortly come when such a 
thing as an impeachment may be heard of in the American Congress. 



296 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 



CHAPTEE IX. 

1860t Mr. Hatton returns home with his family, from Washington— Supports Bell 
and Everett for the Presidency— Second Session of the Thirty-sixth Congress— His 
arrival in Washington— Doubtful Forebodings— Letters to his Wife — Diary to the 
last night of i860— His Prediction, as then Recorded— Xew Year's Day— Adventure 
in the City — Calls on Mr. Crittenden and Lady, Mr. Douglas and Lady, and Mr. 
Hill's family— A Member of the Border State Committee— Most ardently desires 
an honorable adjustment of the diflicultj^, and the Restoi'ation of Peace to the 
Country— Solicits Mr. Fillmore to address the South in behalf of the Union— Mr. 
Fillmoi-e's Letter to Mr. Hatton— His Speech on the " State of the Union " — Cer- 
emony of Opening and Counting Votes for President and Vice-President— The 
Peace Commissioners in Washington— Arrival of Mr. Lincoln in Washington, un- 
expected— Letter to Dr. Lindsley, foreshadowing his course— Return Home — Speech 
at Lebanon— His Course approved by the Union Men— Recommended for Re-elec- 
tion—Southern Feeling growing rapidly— Burnt in Efligy— 1S61. 

Mr. Hatton's family having gone to Washington in May, 
remained there until the close of the session, when he returned 
with them to Lebanon. During his stay at home, this Summer, 
and part of the Fall, was pending the Presidential Election, 
there being four distinct parties — two national, and two sec- 
tional. The two national parties were the Conservative-Dem- 
ocratic party, and the Union part}''. Of the former, Messrs. 
Douglas and Johnson, were the nominees for President and 
Vice-President ; of the latter, Messrs. Bell and Everett, were 
the nominees. The two sectional parties were the Abolition, or 
Black Eepublican party, of the North, and the Secession party 
of the South. Of the former, Messrs. Lincoln and Hamlin 
were the nominees for President and Vice-President; of the 
latter, Messrs. Breckenridgc and Lane. Mr. Hatton supported' 
the nominees of the Union party — Bell and Everett. The re- 
sult of the election is well known — is imjjressed upon the mind, 
not only of the nation, but of the age. Mr. Hatton i-eturned 
to "Washington, with doubtful forebodings for the future. He 
writes, as follows, to his wife : — 



life of general robert hatton. 297 

"Washington, D. C, 

December 2, 1860. 
Dear Sophie: — 

I got here at 6 o'clock, this morning. Left I^ashville 
Friday morning, at 2 o'clock — fifty -two hours out. Weather 
rather cold, on route, but I suffered but little, as the cars were 
comfortable. Snow was four inches deep on the mountain, 
where we crossed — none on either side. Met with but two 
members of Congress on the way — one from Missouri, and the 
other from Illinois. !N^early all the members are here ; havn't 
heard enough to form any opinion, as to what will be done. 
There will be a meeting of Southern members to-morrow night, 
to consult ; that will indicate a good deal. i!^orthern members 
are understood to be disposed to be reasonable ; have heard but 
little from them myself, however. Stokes and I are at Brown's ; 
Etheridge is at "Willard's. All Tennessee members here, but 
Wright and Brabson. 

I am very well, indeed — my trij) improving my health ; am 
a little dull, for want of sleep; am in my old room, 'No. 139, 
where you found me when you came on to Washington. The 
servants all the same, but Mary, who has married the boy you 
laughed at her about. Saw him this morning ; he said she was 
very anxious to see you; that you were a great favorite of 
hers. ^^ * =!' * * ;i; * >i< ^ >1< 

Tell Eeilly and Many that pa is in the same room; has his 
picture — picture of horse and dog and them — hanging in same 
place. Tell them that I want them to write some in j^our let- 
ters to me — Eeilly to write me himself. 

My love to mother and father, the children and darkies, and 
believe me, as ever, yours, in haste. 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

Washington, D. C, 

December 5, 1860. 
Dear Sophie: — 

Your letter of the 1st inst., has been received ; was af- 
fected to tears by your picture of Eeilly and Many. Say to 
them, that I was thinking of them a great deal. Was cold 



298 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

some on the way, but not much ; talked of them a great deal 
to my friends, as I came along. Bless their little hearts ; pa 
does love them, most dearly; always, too, the more when sepa- 
rated from them. Can it be that separation from those we love, 
is sometimes productive of good? Certain it is, that with me, 
it has the effect of warming and intensifying my feelings of 
devotion. When you spoke of Eeilly's notion of his superior 
claim upon my love, I involuntarily said, " God bless the little 
rascal." Tell him, pa says he is a "blather-skite." 

You sjDoke of feeling sad when the stage drove off ; you did 
not feel more so than I did ; I was leaving behind me all that 
was dear to me — looked forward to a separation of months, 
under circumstances j)eculiarly gloomy — full of trouble. Got 
on top of the stage, to get away from those to whom I feared I 
would be forced to talk. Sat quietly, and thought of home, of 
the past — future. Never left home so sad, so blue. Felt, when 
I got to Nashville, that I had no heart to do any thing. * * 
Drinking was the order all the route — is the chief business here 
now. When coolness and moderation should prevail, men are 
besotting themselves with mean whisky. But to return to what 
I was saying : I looked into my trunk on getting here ; it was 
full of articles reminding me of 3'ou ; I did not shut it, but 
looked again and again at the various articles, the pin-cushion, 
the needle-case, etc. 

Now that I am here, my worst anticipations are more than 
realized. Disunion is inevitable. What will follow, God only 
knows. Have, to-day, listened to furious speeches from Wig- 
fall, of Texas; Iverson, of Georgia; and Brown, of Mississijipi. 
Go out of the Union, their States are determined to. So, 
with South Carolina, Louisiana, Florida, and perhaps others. 
There is not wisdom or patriotism enough in the land to save it. 
A leading Eepublican told me to-day, that they could make no 
concessions, to save the country ; if they did, the Democrats 
would beat them next election. Poor, base creature! My 
prayer to God, is, "Save us in this our day of trouble." — [here 
the letter ends — balance wanting.] 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 299 



"Washington City, D. C, 

December 1, 1860. 
My Dear Wife: — 

I received your letter of Sunday evening, last night. 
Eead it, and re-read it, until I can repeat it almost from one 
end to the other. When you were writing, I was settled down 
in Washington, in my old room, thinking of home — of those 
dear to me as life — far away. Does it seem strange to you, that 
I should be, as you say, " domesticated" in Washington, 'midst 
a world of careless strangers? It does seem strange to me ; 
have not become used to it, yet. Say to Eeilly that pa misses 
him more, if possible, than he ever did before. Bless his little 
heart, he is dear to pa. Tell him and Many to study hard, to 
see which can beat, by the time I get home. I will try to bring 
them some nice presents when I come. * * -'^ ^= * 
I do not, as you can, lie down in "contentment;" we are on the 
eve of a revolution ; it may be a bloodless one, but what is to 
be the result of it, is beyond human ken to tell. Had I more 
"goodness," possibly I could lie down, relying upon Providence 
— feeling contentment. 

Glad to hear that there is a point where great sermons are 
being preached to listening people — that godliness has not en- 
tirely deserted the land. I have not been to a communion 
table for more than twelve months. Have been present twice 
in that time, on such occasions ; did not feel worthy to com- 
mune — hence, did not. Glad to hear you did. Your ideas 
about the subtile approaches of the Arch-enemy, are certainly 
correct. I know what you say is true. Judge Green, is, to me, 
an interesting and instructive man. He promised to write to 
me; hope he will; he is right about our house, if we can get it 
finished ; times promise, however, to be such, that it will likely 
be a long while before it is done. Had this break-up in the 
Government not taken place — ^but it is foolish to be grieving 
over it. We will have the old one, and a little more, and in 
this we will have to be content. >i< >!< * Xxa. so com- 
pletely taken up with the wrangle going on here, as not to 
have time for my private business. Have not thought of 



300 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

scarcely, such a thing as company, since I came here. Have not 
been in the parlor, nor do I expect to be, during the session. 
Have spoken to Mrs. Pitzpatrick and Mrs. Hardeman, at the 
breakfast table. This is the extent of my attentions to my 
lady friends. Mrs. Fitzpatrick told me to send you her love. 
Said to me, that you were, in her opinion, " a perfect little 
jewel of a woman." I thanked her for her kind opinion, and 
told her if she could see more of you, her opinion of you would 
not be lessened. Her husband is turning fire-eater ; so is she. 
Regret it. 

Hope father Avill not be too much ti'oubled with my business. 
Dislike to impose it upon him, but can not well avoid it. 

Don't trouble yourself too much about business. Do go out 
visiting; see all your friends, and be cheerful. Be happy, and 
you will add to my enjoyment, or rather, lessen my trouble. 
There is no enjojnnent here. Kiss the children for pa, and tell 
them to pray for him; he prays for them. Good-bye. 

Affectionately yours, 

R. Hatton. 

Washington, D. C, 

December 8, 1860. 
My Dear Sophie : — 

Thank you for your kind letter of Monday — the thii'd I 
have received. You are very kind, indeed, in writing to me 
thus frequently. Will try to repay you. Will certainly write 
letter for letter, if that constitutes pay. Have never felt a 
greater anxiety to get word from home, than during my jires- 
ent absence — want to get away and be at home. * * 

Read the portion of Scripture refei'red to in your letter. 
Have not been keeping up my Diary. Intended doing it, but 
have been so completely bewildered by the occurrences of the 
times, that I have neglected it, and my Bible, too, I must con- 
fess to a great extent. '• Will try to do better." Your efforts 
to make the children love the Bible, will be blessed. They will 
bless you, and it will bless them. I do believe, that if you will 
" train \y\) a child in the way he should go," when he is old, he 
Avill not depart from it." Continue to pray, and teach the 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 301 

children to pray for me. I need your prayers. May God guide 
me through the dark cloud which now envelops us here at 
Washington ; and may He keep me from harm and sin, until I 
am returned to the dear ones I love so well. 

If you insist on it, I will burn up your letters — some of them. 
Will save some of them, and the envelopes of all. Must I do 
it — burn up the letters ? >l= * :^=: Love to 

father and mother, and kisses to the children. 

Affectionately yours, 

E. Hatton. 

We begin to quote again, from the Diary : 

December 8, 1860. — Eeceived a letter from my wife to-night, 
asking if I was keeping up my Diary. She desires me to do it. 
Her wish is my wish, or better to express the idea, what she 
wishes, for her sake, I desire to be done. 

What shall I write ? That the government is upon the eve 
of disruption. It is. The indications to-day, are, that before 
the 4th day of March, five or six of the Southern States will 
secede. The probabilities are, that all the other Southern 
States will follow, and very soon. The folly of mankind has 
never been greater than is now being exhibited by the poli- 
ticians of the South, and the North. Disunion is ruin to both 
sections. Eead 6th chapter of Genesis, and went to bed, with 
prayer for the safety of my dear ones at home. 

December 9, 1860. — Bright and pleasant day. Went up to the 
House of Eepresentatives to hear the Chaplain, Dr. Stockton. 
His discourse was beautiful — full of rich and novel thought. A 
lecture on government, rather than a gospel sermon. Some re- 
marks in his introduction gave offense to some of the very sen- 
sitive members of the South. The foolery of these men is 
without parallel. Went to-night to my own cliurch. Heard a 
stranger preach. Did not learn his name. The text was: " God 
forbid that I should glory, save in the cross of our Lord Jesus 
Christ." Good text, but poor sermon. Eead. 

December 10, 1800. — To-day, a debate took place in the House 
upon the question of the day — Disunion. ISTo harm done, I 



302 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

trust ; no good, I fear. In the Senate a better spirit was mani- 
fested, giving a gleam of hope, that things may be yet adjusted. 
Grod deliver us from the perils that beset us. May the God of 
our fathers be our God, in this the day of our extremity. Wrote 
to Sophie, and to some ten others. Am wearied extensively. 
Got letter from Sophie — all well at home, thank God. May He 
continue to guard my little home, and the dear ones there, and 
keep them safe from all harm, is my prayer. Eead. 

Washington, D. C, 

December 10, 1860. 
My Dear Wife : — 

I wish you could see my unenviable surroundings. Eain 
"without," and no " children within." No Reilly calling out, 
as though he thought me deaf, " what does this word spell," etc. 
After the bustle and excitement of the day, I am alone in my 
room — the hotel quiet — every body, almost, in bed. Have been 
thinking of home. Got out your letter, received this morning, 
from which the above quotations are taken, and read it over 
again. The part about Eeilly, two or three times. Folded it 
up, put my feet up over the grate, and looked in upon you and 
the children. Saw all, as plainly as if I'd been in your midst — 
longed to be there. Pressed my eye-balls 'till they pained me ; 
looked up from my reverie, turned to my table to talk to you. 
Bless you all. May God guard yoii ; keep you safe from all 
harm ; preserve you in health and hapjiiness, until we meet 
again. 

Was at church twice yesterday — once at the Capitol, and once 
at my own church. Read my Bible, and began writing in my 
Diary. Effect of your letter received on Saturday. Congre- 
gation, at our Chxirch, greatly increased since last Winter — de- 
cidedly more fashionable. Accession from the Northern Metho- 
dist Church here, during the Summer. Went by myself, and 
came away alone, speaking to no one there, and feeling quite 
lonely. Saw a boy who reminded me of Reilly. Sj^ent much 
of the time looking at him, and thinking of home. Sermon 
was dull in extreme — so at least it seemed to me. 

Glad to hear of your revival at Lebanon, God knows the 
world needs " bettering." 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 303 

Got a letter from President Anderson, to-day, in which he 
speaks of the revival ; mentions Mrs. Howard's conversion. 
She has been inquired for by several of those who saw her when 
here. Is spoken of as handsome and superior in manners. She 
is — in my opinion. Have had nothing to do with society here 
Was pressed to go into the parlors to-night, to see some Louis- 
ville ladies. Thought it foolish — declined, feigning an excuse to 
their friend. Am under no obligation to entertain peoj^le here. 
Mrs. McQueen is here. Bowed to her a few days ago in dining 
room. Did not go to speak with her. Quite a number of 
wives of members here. Dress in most showy and extrava- 
gant style — more so than last session. "Was invited, to-day, to 
call on two of them. Said, " will be glad to call, thank you." 
Good manners ? All I'll do. *>!<:!; 5i< 

Am besieged with business letters to an unprecedented ex- 
tent, and with letters asking about what is going on here po- 
litically. Each one expects an answer — will be oifended if it is 
not written. Have written, to-day, ten letters, averaging three 
pages. My fingers themselves get wearied. 

Love to father and mother, and many kisses to the children, 
with assurances that it icill be " agreeable" for you to continue 
the use of the " new broom," of which you sjDeak. Your letters 
are my greatest comfort here. In great haste. 

I am, yours, affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

December 11, 1860. — Was astonished at the reception, to-day, 
of a dispatch from Tennessee, enquiring if I had been engaged 
in a difficulty here, and if so, the result. Have not had even 
an unpleasant word since I got here, much less any difficulty. 
Heard Iverson in the Senate to-day. Made a most foolish and 
I'idiculous speech. Played the part of a mere brawler, and 
bully. Douglas and Pugh replied to him most successfully. 
Wrote to Sophie in the morning, and again in the evening, 
after hearing of the dispatch. Read. 

December 12, 1860. — Nothing of importance transpired to- 
day, except that there was an exciting and most intemperate 



304 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

speech made in the Senate, by Wigfall, of Texas. A madman. 
Such men ai'e a curse to a country. Eead. 

Here follows a letter to his son : 

Washington, D. C, 

December 12, 18G0. 
My Dear Son: — 

I got yoiu' sweet little letter, last night, and you do not 
know, Eeilly, how glad pa was to get it. You asked me not to 
show your writing to anybody ; but I was so proud to get a 
letter from my dear boy, that I could not help showing it to 
some of my friends. Bless your dear little heart, it was very 
well done — very well. Not many boys of your age, who can 
beat it. If you will continue to practice, you will soon learn 
to write finely. * * =i= * ^- ^ ^ ;{= 

When I read about your praying for j^a, before going to bed, 
I could hardly keep from crying. Then, I was glad to hear 
that you were committing to memory verses from the Testa- 
ment. That is right. See how many you can get, by the time 
I get home. 

I wish I could see you, as you are going to the Post-office, 
with your satchel, for papers and letters. Do you stop much 
on the way? Don't have anything to do with the bad boys on 
the way, who say bad words, and fight and quarrel. So soon 
as you get the mail, run right home to ma. When your tooth 
gets loose enough, get grandpa to pull it out for you. If you 
let it stay in too long, it may make the new one crooked. Take 
good care of old Mule. She ought not to have run away; still, 
she is a good cow, and has given me and you many a rich glass 
of milk. How does your young Muscovy duck come on? It 
looked badly, you know, when I left home. Who puts on your 
boots for you, since I left? Do you recollect how red it made 
my fingers to pull them on? How do you like the picture (of 
the House of Eepresentatives — interior) on the first page? It 
is a picture of the house where I go every day. Want to know 
where I sit ? [Indicates, by a mark in the picture.] Do you 
see that little boy, in the picture, just in front of my seat? He 




LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 305 

is one of the pages. He runs about the Hall, waiting on the 
members of the House. Ho is dressed in uniform — blue cloth 
clothes — bright brass buttons on them. He makes two dollars 
every day. A good deal for a little boy, is it not? The man 
sitting up on the stand — looks like a pulpit, don't it? — is the 
SjDcaker. Those men right in front of him are the clerks, and 
the four men writing, still in front of them, are the men who 
write down on paper, what the members say when they are 
sjjeaking. See that little hit of a fellow, sitting down on the 
steps by them? He is another page. He isn't much larger 
than you are. 

Are you tired? Pa could talk to you a great deal longer — 
loves to talk to his boy, but don't want to make him tired. 
Kiss your ma and little sisters for me; be good. Eemember 
never to tell a story, about anything, to anybody ; mind your ma 
and grandparents; don't forget me; and when I come home, I 
will bring Eeilly and his sisters something nice. 

Aflfectionately, 

Egbert Hatton. 

December 13, 1860. — A large number of resolutions were in- 
troduced in the House, to-day, upon the subject of the present 
distracted state of the country. All referred to the Committee 
of Thirty-Three. Johnson, of Tennessee, submmitted resolu- 
tions in the Senate. Eead. 

December 14, 1860. — No meeting of the House to-day. Went 
to the Departments, on business — Post-office and Interior. 
Spent most of the day in franking books and writing letters. 
Am tired — going to bed worn out. Eead. 

Washington, D. C, 

December 14, 1860. 
My Dear Wife: — 

We are still in the midst of great confusion and great 
excitement. No one seems to have any definite idea of what is 
daily transpiring at the Capitol, here. Disunion, and disgrace 
to us as a nation, I am quite confident, will be the result. Can 
see no possible chance to avoid disunion. That, I am quite cer- 

20 



306 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

tain, will be followed by war — ^bloody and most cruel war. God 
may avert it ; man will not. 

But enough of this. "Sufficient unto the day is the evil 
thereof." j^sic^^sp^ji^siiH^ 

It is very cold here, now, but clear. Mr. Cass' resignation is 
producing a great deal of talk. My love to all at home. 
Your affectionate husband, 

E. Hatton. 

December 15, 1860. — Found the housetops covered with snow, 
on getting up this morning; has continued to snow all day, 
covering the ground, I learn, some six inches deep. Sleigh- 
bells were ringing merrily, this evening. "Wrote to Balie Pey- 
ton, a long letter, on condition of j)ublic affairs. Wrote, also, 
some business letters. Franked some two hundred books to 
my District ; read the paj)ers, and am now ready for bed. Will 
read some in my Bible, and retire. Eead. 

December 16, 1860. — Went, to-day, with several members of 
Congress, to the residence of Senator Douglas, where we met 
Senator Crittenden, of Kentucky. The object of the meeting 
was, to consult upon existing troubles, and, if possible, devise 
means of settlement. Spent some three or four hours in the 
Library — a cozy little room, large enough for our number — six 
— to occupy pleasantly. Left, impressed with the idea that 
Crittenden and Douglas were both good and great men. Mr. 
Crittenden will present, in the Senate, a plan of adjustment. 
Do not feel that the Sabbath could have been better kept — for 
the country — its salvation. 

Washington, D. C, 

December 16, 1860. 
My Dear Sophie : — 

Your letter, of the 11th inst., was received this morning. 

^ '!> 'T* "T" n"* '1* ^ 'T* •!* 'I* •T^ 

To-day is the Sabbath. Did not go to church. Did what I 
believe my duty. Spent good part of the day with ]\L*. Crit- 
tenden and three members of our House, with Mr. Douglas, 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 307 

delibei-ating upon the state of the country, and advising as to 
the course best to be pursued, in order, if possible, to save it. 
Ci'ittenden and Douglas are now the only men who can com- 
mand the attention of the nation, and do anything materially 
to check the folly and madness that is driving us " headlong 
down the hill, into the sea." They will do all they can do — are 
patriotic and bold — willing to hazard their all, upon a struggle 
for the salvation of their country. Though I may, and do, 
forget or neglect to pray, oftentimes for myself, I do pray, and 
earnestly pray, for my distracted and unhappy country. To 
rescue it froin the perils that now beset it — as much as I love 
life, and family, and friends — I could, this evening, quietly lay 
down my life — would feel that " 'tis sweet to die for one's coun- 
try." Its rich and manifold blessings, I have enjoyed for a 
season. I want my children to enjoy them, after me. 

Am going to church, to-night; and as it is now time to be 
there, I stop, with my love to the children, and father and 
mother, and, last and most, to yourself. 

Affectionately, 

Egbert Hatton. 

December 17, 1860. -To-day, Wade, of Ohio, made a violent 
speech in the Senate — calculated to do great harm, and render 
the prospect of any adjustment, remote. In the House, I refused 
to vote for or against resolutions of Morris, of Illinois, about the 
Union, etc. — believing them to be ill-timed, at this juncture — 
improper to be introduced. The result of the day's work af- 
fords no additional hope for the Union. Fear it is gone! 
House spent to-night in meeting of gentlemen — lasting to 2:30 
o'clock, A. M. (Tuesday morning.) Am going to bed at 3 o'clock, 
a. m., tired, but not to sleep ! 

December 18, 1860. — "Wrote to Sophie and father, to-day, in 
answer to letters from them. Andrew Johnson spoke to-day, 
in Senate — made a Union speech — decided. Was much pleased 
with what I heard of it. Everything still dark as night. 

December 19, 1860. — Johnson's speech, of yesterday, isbittei-ly 
spoken of to-day, by the Secessionists. Pugh, of Ohio, replied 



308 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

to it to-day, greatly pleasing the fire-eaters. Committee of 
Thirty-Three have done nothing yet ; do not think they will do 
any thing. 

December 20, 18G0. — Bill for the construction of Eailroad to 
the Pacific, passed the House to day, by a majority of 27. I 
voted against the bill, believing that it is a swindle. I did not 
record my vote, but was paired ofi" with Mr. Alley, of Mass., 
who was for the bill. 

Washington, D. C, 

December 20, 18G0. 
Dear Sophie : — 

Got your "note," as you call it, of the 15th, last night. 

;!; ^jc ^; >|; ;i; >}; >|i :}c >|c ;|j 

I enclose to you, a letter received, this morning from ex-Pres- 
ident Fillmore. I wrote to him a short note, at the request of 
one of his Buffalo friends, hoping to bring him out on the crisis. 
It is worth keeping — as a letter from one of the best of living 
statesmen. 

Quit to go to the Senate. Love to all. 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

As the letter of Mr. Fillmore, above referred to, is character- 
istic of the man — a good letter, indeed, we copy it, as follows : 

Buffalo, December 18,. 1860. 
Hon. Egbert Hatton: — 

Sir : — I have your letter of the 13th, and have reflected 
seriously, on your suggestion, that I should address a letter to 
my Southern friends, against Secession, and in favor of the 
Union ; and have come to the conclusion that it could do no 
good. If arguments could avail, they have been presented in a 
much more forcible manner than I could hope to present them. 
I could say nothing but what has been said before. If my mere 
opinion be worth any thing, that they have, in my action, in 
the discharge of the highest ofiicial duties. 

In 1850, I approved and executed the Fugitive Slave Law, 
because I thought the Constitution required it, and, that it was 
necessary to restore peace to the country. I am happy to say, 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 309 

that it had that effect. The consequence, however, was, that I 
was sacrificed at the North, and not sustained by the South. 
But for this. I have no regrets. I find my reward in the con- 
sciousness that I did my duty, and at the close of my Adminis- 
tration, loft the country in peace and prosperity. 

In 1856, 1 saw the gathering storm, and did what I could to 
allay it. Without the least prospect of benefit to myself, I 
stood between the contending factions, North and South, and 
received the poisoned shafts of both : but, I believe, very few 
thanked me for that. Nevertheless, it was an evidence of my 
devotion to the Union, more decided and convincing than any- 
thing I could now say. 

While, therefore, I decline to write anything for pu.blication, 
I must say, that I look with horror upon the approaching con- 
flict. It will be terrible for us at the North, but more terrible 
for you in the South. Ours will be a civil war; but the hor- 
rors of a servile war will probably be added to our brethren in 
the South ; and the last hope of human freedom will perish 
with our institutions. May God avert this terrible calamity. 
I wi'ite in haste, but am, 

Truly yours, 

Millard Fillmore. 

December 21, 1860. — No session of the House to-day. The 
Senate took up its session in considering a railroad bill. Com- 
mittee of Thirty-Three adjourned until Thursday next. Senate 
Committee of Thirteen had a meeting, but did nothing. Don't 
believe thej^ will do anything to quiet the country. 

We give the following, for the benefit of members of "Con- 
gress — may be, it will be a warning to some bores : 

Washington, D. C, 

December 21, 1860. 
Dear Sophie: — 

Am very well this morning. Had a good sleep last 

night, retiring at 12 o'clock. Am tired to (nearly?) death -^vint- 

in^ letters. Every fool (?) in my District, and many out of it, 

is wi'iting long and boring letters to me, and requesting 

lengthy reply upon condition of the country. A letter from 



310 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

friend — a man of sense — I am always delighted to get, but 
many that I get, are not from either. Hence my impatience. 
* * * Love to all. 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

Washington, D. C, 

December 21, 1860. 
My Dear "Wife : — 

Got your letter of Tuesday, this evening — only three 
days on the route. Have never gotten one in so short a time 
before. It finds me well, as you say it left you and the chil- 
dren. 

Am provoked exceedingly, at the circulation of the story, 
that I " had been killed," etc. Well, I hope no one was glad to 
hear it. People pretend often to grieve, you know, when they 
really rejoice. I have some — many — friends, who were really 
troubled at hearing it. To my real friends, T am devoted — to- 
wards the pretended, or Sunday friends, I feel entire indiifer 
ence., " The women" of town, are at least, indebted to me for 
something to talk about. 



I received a long letter from old Judge Green, to-night, fall of 
practical good sense. Feel much obliged to him for it, and will 
repl}^ to him, so soon as I can get time. 

The excitement here is unprecedented — wild. jVIy hopes of 
saving the Government are nearly, if not quite, gone. The 
news received to-night from Mississippi, of the election there, 
on yesterday, rejoices the disunionists, and sends pangs to my 
heart. I have just come up stairs, passing the area on the sec- 
ond floor, surrounded b}' sofas. It was filled with excited men 
— members from S. C, Ala., Miss., Ga., etc., laughing and re- 
joicing, joking and congratulating each other upon " the glori- 
ous news from Mississippi." The secession of all the Southern 
States, they now regard as certain. Their laughs, in my ear, 
sound like music from the infernal regions. 

Soon, oh ! how soon, are good men to shed the last tear, per- 
form the last rites, over a once glorious, but now departed free 
Constitution ! 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 311 

Well, the Northern intermeddler, the miserable, hypocritical 
nigger- worshiper, who refuses to grant to the South, the protec- 
tion to her peculiar institutions, now demanded ; and the fool, 
hot-headed fire-eater — these men will have a responsibility for 
war — bloody, murderous war, which will not be upon my head. 
It can never be said of me, that I did it, or aided in doing it; 
my hands are clean. God grant that there may be no blood on 
any man's hands. I believe there will be — and soon. Civil war 
is inevitable, if the Korth does not, at once, step forward and 
propose to settle the matter by granting liberal concessions to the 
South. Nothing less will appease the inflamed Southern mind, 
and prevent revolution, with all the horrors of civil war. I do 
not, to-night entertain a hope, that they will do it. They are 
stubborn, stupid, blind. With the impudence characteristic of 
the Northern men, they will still stick their noses in your face, 
and propose to show you that slavery is a great wrong, and that 
they cannot agree to tolerate it. They believe, too, or affect 
to believe, that it is all stuff, that there is no danger of disunion, 
when the poor stupid donkeys are standing in the very midst of 
disunion ; actual, j)ositive, present disunion. They will wake 
up when it is too late. 

Yoii need not speak of my dispair out of the family. It can 
do no good. Prepare your mind for the worst. Husband all 
your little means ! Our children may want bread, before we 
emerge from the terrible scenes that await us. Oh, that our 
house had not been commenced, and that the money in it was 
in my pocket. My love to father and mother, and the children. 

Affectionately yours, 

E. Hatton. 

December 22, 1860. — Have spent to-day — most of it — in wri- 
ing and reading papers. Excitement in the city is intense, 
the Secessionists being delighted by the news from Mississippi 
elections, which favor the immediate secession of that State. 
Wrote to Sophie, and to a number of persons on business, at 
home. 

December 23, I860.— Went to the S. Methodist Church, this 



312 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

morning and heard Mr. Proctor. His sermon was dull, ver}-, 
not by any means edifying. Came home to meet a number of 
Tennesseans with whom I spent good part of the remainder of 
the day. Intended going to churcli to-night, but permitted 
myself to be detained in my room by company, until it was 
too late. "Wrote a long letter to Sophie, and one to Judge 
Green. Eead some 10 or 12 chapters of 1st Kings, and went 
to bed. 

December 24, 1860. — Friends of the Union, are " down in the 
mouth " to-night. Occurrences of Saturday and to-day, liave 
done much to drive off all hope of the adjustment of difficul- 
ties. Mr. Nicholson, made a short speech, taking grounds 
against coercion, of South Carolina. "Wrote to Sophie to-night. 

Washington, D. C, 

December 24, 1860. 
Dear "Wife: — 

It is just 12 o'clock, midnight — Christmas Eve. Christ- 
mas gift ! to all of you. I got m}- slippers this morning. They are 
very nice, and fit me exactly. Have had them on ever since I 
came from the House to-day. Showed them to Thompson, 
"Wright and Avery. All said they were very nice. Will take 
Balie's to him when I go down to Annapolis. Thank you, my 
darling, for both slippers and "Watch-holder. ^ * I got 
your letter speaking about the slippers — have read it over 
twice — will read it over again before retiring. 

Hope you went to Miss Annie's wedding. Did you ? You 
spoke of going, in the note received this morning. Eemcmber 
me kindly to her, if she is not gone before you get this. Ben- 
Dick is one of my best friends. It was kind in him to give 
you so special an invitation. "When you see him, give him my 
kindest regards, and tell him I would be glad to hear from him. 

Was sorry to hear of Ben. Decherd's illness. Eemembcr me 
to him, and tell him I regretted not seeing him before I left. 
He was once my most intimate friend in College, rooming just 
by me. I felt a little mean at coming off without seeing him. 
Express to him my regrets. 

The excitment in the city to-day, is very great — defalcations, 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT IIATTON. 313 

robberies, secession, coercion, force, war, blood. Southern Con- 
federacies, &c., &c. The gloomiest Christmas Eve, of my life — 
infinitely so. May the next not be worse, darker, sadder — in a 
ruined, desolated country. G-ood men are more desponding to- 
day, than they have yet been. Scarcely a vestige of hope. Had 
a long conversation to-day with Judge McLean, of the U. S. 
Supreme Court. He said he saw nothing to hope for— all seem- 
ed lost. He is a good and wise man. 

Tell the children that pa wishes he could get to see their 
stockings in the morning. Hope old Kris Kringle, [Santa 
Claus,] will fill them well. God bless them and all of you, and 
keep you from all harm, is my prayer. 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

December 25, Christmas, 1860. — 'No session of the House to- 
day; have spent it in my room, reading and writing. The 
weather is very inclement, the ground being covered with snow 
and sleet. The report of resistance of an attempt to ship can- 
non from Pittsburgh, by the citizens of that place, produces 
great excitement here. The mob are represented as determined, 
and the probabilities are, the President will revoke the order 
of shipment. The people of Pittsburgh believe the arms are 
being shipped South, in order that they may fall into the hands 
of Southern men. Eead three chapters in the Bible, and went 
to bed. 

Deceraber 26, 1860. — Went to the Treasury to-day, and got 
balance of pay due me ; sent check to father, for $1200, direct- 
ing the disposition of proceeds; paid my board up to date, the 
charges being the same as they were last session. Eeceived a 
number of letters from my District, all expressing great 
anxiety in reference to the condition of public affairs ; all 
anxious that the Union may be saved, and the calamities of 
civil war averted. Signed a paper addressed to the Border 
Slave States, recommending that a conference of delegates of 
said States, be held in February. I signed it, hoping that it 
might result in doing something to secure delay, and save the 
Union. God grant it may. 



314 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

December 27, 1860. — House met to-day ; nothing of import- 
ance done; the excitement, in regard to affairs at Fort Moultrie, 
high ; Major Anderson severely censured by the fire-eaters, for 
leaving Foi't Moultrie, and going to, and taking possession of, 
Fort Sumter. I think he did what any prudent, discreet man 
would have done, under the circumstances. He can not be 
driven from his present position by the whole of South Caro- 
lina. The Commissioners — Orr, Barnwell, and Adams — from 
South Carolina, are here, to treat with our Government ! 

December 28, 1860. — "Went to-day, to Annapolis, to visit my 
nephew, Balie Peyton ; found him well, and quite satisfied ; got 
there at 10 o'clock, a. m., and left at 3 o'clock, p. m. Great 
excitement in town, in reference to troubles in the Cabinet. 
Thought that Floyd will resign. 

December 29, 1860. — Spent most of the day in my room, 
writing and reading. Wrote a long letter to Sophie. Got' one 
from her to-night, stating that all were well at home. I thank 
God for it, and pray that he will continue his goodness to 
them. 

December 30, 1860. — This has been an exceedingly unpleasant 
day, out-doors ; raining when I got up, and is still raining — 
not stopping during the day. Have not been out of my hotel, 
during the day. Got a letter from Golladay, in reference to 
the Harsh case ; wo gained it. Good ! 

December 31, 1860. — House met to-day, but transacted no 
business of importance. In the Senate, Mr. Benjamin made a 
strong speech in support of the right and policy of Secession, 
concluding with a defiant address to the North. A bad tem- 
pered speech, intended to inflame the Southern mind. Mr. B. 
is a foreigner by birth ; should he not be modest, as such, and 
not be so ready to counsel the destruction of the Government? 
Wrote a long letter to Sophie, and a number on business to my 
constituents. I bid good-bye to the old year, icith gloomy forebod- 
ings as to the future ! As a Nation, we are gone ! 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 315 

Thus closes his Diary, on the last night of 1860 ; he contin- 
ued it no longer. From this on, through the session, we will 
rely on his letters to his wife, which will generally speak of all 
important occurrences, as connected with the Government at 
Washington. 

Here follows the last letter, of 1860, to Mrs. Hatton : 

"Washington City, D. C, 

December 31, 1860. 
My Dear "Wife: — 

Got your letter containing account of Kriss Kringle's 
visit to the children and darkies, and your visit to Col. S's. 
"Was much interested with the accounts ; gratified to see that 
all pleasure and gayety has not fled the land. God grant that 
for years to come, such may be the case in our usually quiet and 
happy little town. Here^ all is gloom, so far as I can see or 
hear. The daily talk — on the street, in the hotels, and in the 
rooms of the few members I visit ; every where I go, is of 
revolution, war, the camp, fife and drum, insurrections, exter- 
mination of our servile jDopulation, etc. Most of it is g&a-talk! 
mere talk, without thought. All thought of any thing like a 
party, here, is absolutely abandoned. The " Hop," at Brown's, 
Christmas night, I learn, was like a dance at a funeral ; so, be 
merry while you can. "Want to hear of you and others, enjoy- 
ing yourselves, if it is denied to the "Washingtonians, just now. 

Great excitement has just been produced, by the announce- 
ment in the House, that General Scott has been made Secretary 
of "War. If it is so, it will be taken as an indication on the 
part of the President, to j^ut South Carolina through. Thomas 
and Thompson, two more of the Cabinet, are just this moment 
reported as having quit the Cabinet. It really looks as if the 
Government was done for ! Am satisfied that it is folly longer 
to hope for peace. Madmen — drunken madmen — have control 
of the popular mind ; are carrying it like the whirlwind to 
ruin. I will not be responsible for it ; have done all in my 
power, to stay the storm. Kiss and hug the children for me, 
and give my love to father and mother. 

Yours truly, 

E. Hatton. 



316 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

The following is the first letter, of 1861, to his "wife ; a ISTew 
Year's greeting to his family. Eather hard for a member of 
Congress to be without money, two weeks, especially in Wash- 
ington, during Christmas week : 

"WASHINaXON, D. C, 

January 1, 1861. 
My Dear Wife: — 

Another year is begun. The sky is dark, politically — 
dark as midnight. The day is bright, cheerful ; may it be typi- 
cal of the future. Fear it is not. 

Got up later than usual, this morning ; having sat up late 
last night, franking documents. Ate breakfast, came to my 
room, and went to work, franking again. At 12 o'clock, was 
called on by Etheridge, who stayed an hour ; wi'ote, then, an 
hour-and-a-half, when Mr. Maynard called, and insisted on my 
calling on Mr. Crittenden, with him. As there was no session' 
of the House, I had not anticipated going out of my hotel ; but 
as I had never called on 3Ir. Crittenden, I agreed to go ; so got 
up, put on a clean collar, washed ray face, and started out. Did 
not find Mr. C. at home ; found Mrs. Crittenden, who was very 
polite and agreeable. Went from there, to see Mr. Nelson ; he 
proposed going to see Douglas and wife ; I agreed ; went — 
found a large crowd there; met Mrs. Douglas, who is a beauti- 
ful and well behaved woman ; had considerable talk with her ; 
stayed half-an-hour, and retired; came by Mr. Hill's, of Ga.; 
stoj^ped a few minutes ; found them drinking and eating here, 
as at all the other places ; was pressed to drink at each of the 
j)laces, and great astonishment expressed at my refusal ; I am 
determined never to touch a drop in Washington ; have no 
trouble in resisting importunities ; from Hill's, I came to my 
room; have just returned from dinner, and sit down to write 
you. 

Hope, Soj^hie, that you all have had o more cheerful day in 
Lebanon, than wo have had here. The company I met, seemed 
all constrained and awkward — nothing approaching to pleas- 
antry or gayety. The absorbing topic of conversation, was, the 
crisis. What is to be done? How long before the war will 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 317 

begin; etc., etc. Mrs. Hill asked very kindly for you; she 
seems to be a pleasant little woman, full of talk. Is ugly 
enough to justify any amount of gab ; ugly people, you know, 
have a right to talk their faces out of sight, if they can. So 
much for my new year's adventure. Did very well, except, 
that it cost me one dollar hack hire — all I have spent in that 
way, since I have been here, excepting one half dollar ; have 
consented to foot it — most of the time have been compelled to 
do it ; did not have the money ; went two weeks without 
money to buy an evening paper ! Hard road to hoe, this ! I 
write on foolscap ; have had no other sort in my room, for a 
week. Have yoic nothing but scraps and half sheets? 

"Wishing all hands at home a happy New Year, and asking 
God for his guidance and guardianship in coming days, I am, 
with love and kisses to the children, 

Yours truly, 

E. Hatton. 



Washington, D. C, 

January 3, 18G1. 
My Dear Sophie: — 

Have received no letter from home, for four days ; hope 
no one there is sick, ^ i>fi ^ j^\i gloom here still. 

The Committee of the Border States, fourteen in number, in 
which I represent Tennessee, met this morning. A very con- 
servative spirit was manifested ; and hopes were expressed, that 
we might, possibly, agree to some plan of adjustment, to be re- 
jjorted to the House. Mr. Crittenden is the Chairman of the 
Committee; he is a noble old patriot — kind-hearted, conserva- 
tive, wise. 

The Korthern men, on the Committee, seem disposed to com- 
promise. The fiery men say it is no use ; nothing we can do, 
will save the country. ^ ^ H< ^< ^ 

News has just been received, that firing on Fort Sumter has 
begun. I doubt it. Too much excitement to write now. So, 
love to all. 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 



318 life of general robert hatton. 

"Washington, D. C, 

January 4, 1861. 
My Dear Sophie: — 

Still no letter from you since the one dated the 26th of 
December. ^ ^ ^ * ;ij ;{; * 

This is Fast-day. No session of the House or Senate ; busi- 
ness houses all closed ; I did not go out to meeting ; had some 
other matters to attend to ; went to see Mr. Crittenden early, 
to-day ; met his wife ; was introduced, by her, to Mrs. Eass, a 
widow, formerly of Sumner County, but now of Mississippi. 
She is an exceedingly showy woman ; is here spending the ses- 
sion in Washington, with her two daughters, one son, and two 
brothers; quite a family of them. She and Mrs. Crittenden, 
and Mrs. Douglas, are the only ladies to whom I have been in- 
troduced, during the session. Presume, without an accident, 
they will be the last. Mrs. C. inquired very specially for you, 
seeming to remember you very well, and to think exceedingly 
kindly of you, for which, I thanked her. "What a pity that so 
superior a woman as she certainly is, should sijoil it by the 
tawdry dress and ornament of a girl — an ambitious girl, with- 
out taste. Enough of her ! * * * * * 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

Washington, D. C, 

January 8, 1861. 
My Dear Sophie : — 

We are not in session to-day — 8th of January ! Cannon are 
booming on the hills around the city, celebrating General 
Jackson's victory at New Orleans. The probabilities are, that 
cannon are Jiow booming off Charleston, in a conflict between 
citizens of a common country — brother shedding blood of 
brother. It is thought the ship carrying arms and munitions 
of war to Major Anderson, at Fort Sumter, will certainly be 
attacked as it passes Fort Moultrie; if so, Anderson will 
certainly fire on Fort Moultrie, and terrible results will 
follow. My hope of compromise and settlement is almost clean 
gone. Believe in a few weeks, we will be in the midst of a 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 319 

bloody civil war ; I can see no chance to avoid it, now. The 
North are becoming more and more stubborn — more and more 
impudent and offensive. This being so, all chance of adjust- 
ment seems at an end. h< * * ^i; >!-, 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

Washington City, D. C, 

January 11, 1861. 
My Dear Wife : — 

* * * No new developments hero, for last few 
days. Seward will speak on to-morrow. This speech will in- 
dicate what we are to expect of the Eepublicans. I hope it may 
be on the side of adjustment and speedy settlement. Think it 
will. He can greatly aid, if he icill, the cause of the Union. 
* * =i= My love to all. 

Affectionately, 

K. Hatton. 

We introduce here, another letter, addressed by Mr. Hatton 
to his tried and special friend, Dr. N. Lawrence Lindsley, in 
answer to one received by him but a short time previous, of 
which he says, in a letter to his wife: " Got a letter from Prof. 
Lindsley, yesterday. Full of politics — fiery, too ! Will answer 
him — when I get time." The following is the answer: 

Washington, D. C, 

January 13, 1861. 
My Dear Sir: — 

Your letter of the 3dinst., "Memoir of Prof. Lindsley,"* 
and extract from Oration delivered by him in 1832, have all 
been received. I thank you for them. Your letter, the ex- 
tract, and most of the "Memoir," have been read, with pleasure. 
The extract is full of beauty and wisdom. 

The sentiments of your letter are, in the main, my own. 
Demagogues have taken possession of the Government — North 
and South — and are leading the people to a common ruin. Eea- 

* Late Presdent of the University of Nashville, -whose complete " Life and Works" 
have just been issued, in three elegant octavo volumes, from the press of J. B. liip- 
pincott & Co., Philadelphia. 



320 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

son and patriotism are overrun by passion and selfishness. 
Extreme men, in both sections, are doing all within their power, 
to prevent any adjustment of our difficulties. Their efforts, I 
fear, will be but too successful. Good men — of the free and 
slave States — are working, day and night, to bring about a fair 
and honorable settlement. The obstructions in their way are 
numerous and formidable. Their hearts are, however, strong. 
God help them ! Their battle, they feel, is fought in "Heaven's 
approving sight." To them, "the smile of God is victory." 

My dear friend, if the Union we cannot preserve, the dream 
of the Revolution is over, and the melancholy fact (?) will have 
to be announced to the world, that a truly free government is 
too good for mankind. To j)reserve it, with its blessings, to my 
children, and your children — the children of the generous men 
who sent me here — I feel that I could, this night, cheerfully lay 
down my life. If it cannot be preserved — if the North will not 
yield to us what are our rights — will not guarantee to us those 
rights — destroy the Union, by the destruction of what it was 
intended to secure and establish — the7i, we will have no alterna- 
tive but to look to ourselves — rely upon our own strength for 
security. May that hour not come. 

Eemembcr me kindly to my friend, Mrs. Lindsley. 

Your friend, 

Robert Hatton. 

"Washington, D. C, 

January 14, 1860. 
My Dear Wife: — 

This morning's mail brought me Rcilly's letter. Bless 

his little heart, I wish he was able to write to me, himself. 

It is very cold here. Ground covered with ice and snow. 
Everything looks exceedingly gloomy. I am heartily sick of 
this city. Am, as the women say, "dying" to get away from it. 
Never was I half so sick of a place. The Alabama, Mississippi, 
South Carolina, Florida, and most of the Georgia, members, 
have left our hotel' — gone home. This makes our house com- 
paratively quiet — a great relief to me. I had become thoroughly 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 321 

disgusted with their foolery — sick of hearing them blow and 
gas. Speaking — regular buncombe speaking — began in the 
House, to-day. It will continue for some days. I have no 
idea of engaging in it. It is simply intended to afford members 
an opportunity to speak to their constituents. It is not ex- 
pected to do any public good. God save the land from dema- 
gogues. Love to all. 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

"Washington, D. C, 

January 15, 1861. 
Dear Sophie: — 

I am exceedingly blue. All my letters from Tennessee 
indicate that the feeling for secession is growing, daily and 
rapidly, I fear it will sweep the State. What madness and 
folly ! Unequalled in the history of mankind ! "Well, it was 
not I that did it, or aided to do it. My voice has been raised, 
continually, against it. That it has not been heeded, is no 
fault of mine. So, if dismemberment — war and ruin — come 
upon my constituents, they shall not have it to say, that their 
sentinel was unfaithful. I have warned them of approaching 
danger. What pains me, is, that the good and the unoffending 
will have to suffer, indiscriminately, with the wicked and the 
guilty. 

3Iy Nashville papers come so irregularly, that I have seen 
but little of the doings of the Legislature. Stokes, I see, made 
a strong appeal, in the name of the people, for the Union. He 
is a great man — an eloquent advocate, and a patriot. God help 
him, in his manly efforts to save his country from disaster and 
shame. 

To-night, commence the President's series of levees. Shall 
not attend any of them. Have never gone to but one. That 
satisfied me, fully, 

I mailed a letter to you, this morning. So, I cut this short. 

Kiss the children for me. My love to father and mother. 

Affectionately, 

R. HattoN" 
21 



322 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 



Washington, D. C, 

January 21, 1861. 
Dear Sophie: — 

No word from home yet. ^ ^ :^ T^n claj's 
have passed, aud no letter. 

Corwin and Wilson, spoke to-day, in the^House. Both made 
conservative Union speeches. Fear they Avill do no good — fear 
our country is beyond all hope. God knows I've done all in 
my power to avert the storm that threatens to destroy us. 

After dinner, to-day, I walked — have just got in from my 
walk — up to Willard's, and back. Met thousands of gay and 
showy men and women — all gadding to be seen ! Oh, the folly 
and foolery of this woi'ld! Wonder when I shall get another 
letter. 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 



Washington D. C, 

January 24, 1860. 
Dear Wife: — 

Have just come up from dinner; couldn't eat — did not 
feel like it, though quite well. I am sick and tired of the city, 
my life in a hotel — every thing here. Do you want to know 
just how I feel ? If you ever saw a child away from home, 
who was crying to get back, saying, " I want to go home," you 
can form, from that, some idea. 

I enclose you our bill of fare of to-day, on which, for Eeilly's 
benefit, I mark what I eat for my dinner, thus — " soup, fish, and 
apple pie." Ask him if he woiild not like a little of all on the 
bill ? I eat my breakfast at our old hour ; and dinner — when I 
can get it — usually at 4i o'clock. Earely eat any supper, at 

all. ;i< >1< * ;ij ^; :i; -^ 

Wrote twenty letters yesterday — eleven to-day. So don't any 
of you expect too much of me. 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 



life op general robert hatton. 323 

Washington, D. C, 

January 30, 1861. 
My Dear T^ife : — 

Am worn out writing. Am franking and directing docu- 
ments, speeches, etc., to Tennessee, hoping to influence our elec- 
tion for members of the Convention. Have only time to say, I 
am well — very well. The prospect of an adjournment, is, I 
think, brightening. God help the few who are still on " the 
side of our country." * ^ >ic * * 

Since writing the last line, Mr. Adams, of Mass., has made 
an admirable speech. Will do great good. House is adjourn- 
ing. Love to all. 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

Washington, D. C, 

January 31, 1860. 
My Dear Wife: — 

Your letter and Eeilly's, were both received on yester- 
day. ^ -'^ ^'^ Have been in the parlor, at 
Brown's at last. Went in a few days since to be presented to 
ex-President Tyler. No lady was present, however. * * 

Will try to take your advice in reference to quiet life — letting 
things drift, without too much troubling myself about them. 
My love to father and mother, and the children. 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

Washington, D. C, 

February 1, 1861. 
Dear Wife: — 

I received two letters from you last night ; one a good 
long one. Thank you. Your account of the movement in poli- 
tics interests me greatly. Pained to hear of any of my old 
friends going off from the Union army, but I cannot help it. 
I snail be true to myself and my country. Let others do as 
they may. God and right, are with me. Eesults must take 
care of themselves. I wrote to Gov. Campbell, yesterday. He 



324 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

is making a gallant stand. Worthy of the royal blood whence 
he sprang. There may be ariother King's Mountain, in our his-' 
tory. Miss Mary is a "noble woman." Give her my love, and 
tell her to continue to talk for the Union. * * 

Thank God, the women have showed their spirit by returning 
that vile incendiary sheet, the Christian Advocate, to the office. 
Love to all. Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

Washington, D. C, 

February 5, 1861. 
Dear Wipe : — 

The news received this morning, from the Virginia elec- 
tion, is cheering to the friends of the Union. I trust it may 
continue to be in favor of our friends. If so, it will decide the 
contest m Tennessee, against secession. So may it be. * -^ 

There is a great gathering of great men here now — Commis- 
sioners to the " Convention uj)on the Crisis." Ex-President 
Tyler is stopping at my hotel. His young wife, formerly Miss 
Gardner, a New York belle, sat oj)posite to me at table this 
morning. She is about twenty-eight years old. He is over 
seventy. She has a bright boy with her. Was elaborately 
dressed, and seemed well contented with herself, and her position 
in the world. 

If I can get the floor, to-morrow, I will have something to 
say upon matters pending here. One object I have in view, is, 
to define my position. The higher bne is, if possible, to do 
some good to the country. 

Our Tennessee Commissioners have not arrived here yet — are 
expected to-day. Hope Judge Caruthers will be here. * * 

Taylor, of Louisiana, is noAV making his valedictory to the 
House. I must hear him. 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 



life op general robert hatton. 325 

Washington, D. C, 

February 8, 1861. 
Dear Wife": — 

I made my speech to-day. Did ray best, and my friends 
say I did very well. Do not think myself, that I did much ; 
so struck me. You will see it, and form your opinion. One 
thing is certain, I spoke my honestly entertained opinions, 
leaving consequences to follow and take care of themselves. I 
believe it will not be well received at home. It is too strongly 
for the Union, to suit just now. 

I have more hope of some adjustment, than I have had dur- 
ing the session, but still, doubt hangs like a dark pall over us. 
Kellog, of Illinois, is making a good compromise speech now. 
He is a leading Eepublican in the House, and if we could get 
enough of them to take his ground, all would soon be set- 
tled. Love to all. 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

The following is the speech referred to in the preceding 
letter. Let the reader, read and judge for himself: 

SPEECH OF THE HON. EOBEET HATTON", 

OF TENNESSEE. 
In the House of Representatives, Febeuart 8, 1861, 

ON THE STATE OF THE UNION. 

The House having under consideration the report from the Select Commit- 
tee of Thirty-Three— 

Mr. Hatton said: Mr. Speaker: The honorable gentleman from New Yorlc, 
[Mr. Sedgwick,] who addressed the House last upon yesterday, prefaced 
his speech with the remark — which has constituted the opening of almost 
every other speech during this session — that " we are in the midst of revo- 
lution." 

Six States, Mr. Speaker — among them two of the original thirteen — have, 
■within the last forty days, violently torn themselves loose from the Federal 
Government, and proclaimed themselves separate and independent States. 
Others are preparing to follow their example. Our country, until recently 
so peaceful and quiet, is being rapidly changed into a great camp of armed 
men. War, civil war, with all its train of attendant furies, is imminent. 



326 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

Can nothing be done to stay this revolution ? If not, it will sweep us all to 
a common ruin. Can nothing be done to save the Government from utter de- 
struction? I address this question especially to the E.epublican party. 
Your leader upon this floor, [Mr. Sherman,] in this debate remarked, a few 
days since, that if it was not done, and " this Eepublic fell, liberty would 
die." Cannot the curse of civil war be averted? If not, as that distin- 
guished gentleman on the same occasion, said, " the condition of our country 
North, South, East and West, will be worse than that of Mexico;" our fair 
land scourged and blighted as by the hand of an angry God, will be divided 
into fragments, in which " military despotisms will be substituted for the 
will of the people." 

Mr. Speaker, that gentleman earnestly appealed to members from the 
border slave States to arrest this storm, and give " time for peace and con- 
ciliation." Sir, I appeal to him, and to his party upon this floor, for the 
means by which its arrest may be made possible. You have the power. It 
is in your hands. Shall we have it; or will you refuse it? The struggle 
between those who would hastily dissolve the Government and those who 
would preserve it, is going on before you. Six engagements between these 
forces, the first in South Carolina, and the last in Louisiana, have been fought. 
In every instance, our friends have been borne down. Are you indiiferent 
as to the result of those still in progress? If you are not, I ask you to place 
in our hands, the weapons of conciliation and concession, with which we may 
cleave the armor of our adversaries. Then, ours will be the certain and 
peaceful triumph — the triumph of the Union and the law. Give us that 
which will enable us certainly to assure the people of our State of your pur- 
pose to deal fairly and justly with them. Then, you may reasonably appeal 
to us to stay the storm. Do that, and we will, with alacrity, buoyant with 
hope and confident of victory, spring to the contest. Then, you may expect, 
not only that further efforts at a secession will be stopped, but that even 
those States which have so abruptly withdrawn from us may return to the 
sisterhood of States. 

But, Mr. Speaker, I am met here, by Republicans, with the oft-repeated 
question: "What do you want us to do?'' I answer you, gentlemen of the 
North, we demand nothing that it is unfair toask — that would be dishonora- 
ble in you to grant. 

I desire, Mr. Speaker, at the outset of what I have to say in this connec- 
tion, to express my sincere gratification at the movement already made in 
Legislatures of a number of the Northern States, to repeal what are called, 
their personal liberty laws : laws which, without profit to the North, are 
offensive to the South, and are fruitful only of discord and alienation between 
the two sections. 

Some of you have said: " Would you have our people repeal those laws un- 
der threats ?" I say, no, gentlemen ; I would not have you do anything un 
dcr threats. I would, however, have you repeal them under your own sense 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 327 

of what is right; under your own sense of the sacredness of compacts; un- 
der your own consciousness of the necessity of domestic peace and tranquil- 
ity, which these laws are so well calculated to disturb. Let these laws be 
speedily repealed, and it will go very far in allaying the excitement of oui- 
people. The adoption of the resolution upon this subject, recommended in 
the report under consideration, will facilitate this end. 

There are other causes of disturbance between the North and South. It 
has been alleged by men high in position in the South, and by a large por- 
tion of the Southern people, it is believed — with what degree of reason, I will 
not stop to inquire — that the ultimate purpose of the Republican party, is, to 
destroy the institution of slavery in the States, 

I am glad to know that it has been proposed by that party, that, by an 
amendment of the Constitution, this source of apprehension and irritation 
shall be put forever at rest. The proposition of the distinguished gentleman 
from Massachusetts, [Mr. Adams,] reported by the Committee of Thirty- 
Three, would, if adopted, eflFectually do this.* It is not pretended that, un- 
der the Constitution, as it is, Congress has any right to disturb slavery in 
the States. The proposed amendment to the Constitution is simply to put it 
out of the power of the North ever to acquire such right, by an amendment, 
by them, of the Constitution. 

The questions of slavery in the District of Columbia, in the dock-yards 
and arsenals, and of the inter-State slave trade, have been subjects of much 
discussion. It is confidently asserted in the South, that the Republican 
party, so soon as it shall have the power, will abolish slavery in this District, 
in the dock-yards and arsenals, and prohibit the inter-State slave trade. The 
exercise of such a power, if you had it, much more its usurpation, would be 
regarded by the whole South as a flagrant wrong on that section. You say 
you have no intention of exercising any such power, if you had it. In the 
debate last night, the gentleman from Pennsylvania, [Mr. Junkin, disclaimed 
for his party any such intention. This disclaimer has often been made during 
this debate. The Committee of Thirty-Three say, in the report before us 
that there is no proposition, from any quarter, claiming or proposing the ex- 
ercise of such a right. Still, gentlemen, if you have no such purpose, would 



* Joint resolution to amend the Constitution of the United States, reported by Mr. 
Coi'win, from the Committee of Thirty-Three : 

"Be it resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in 
Congress assembled, (two-thirds of both Houses concurring,) That the following Article 
be proposed to the Legislatures of the several States, as an amendment to the Consti- 
tution of the United States, which, when ratified by tliree-fourths of said Legisla- 
tures, shall be valid, to all intents and purposes, as part of the said Constitution: 

Article 12. No amendment of this Constitution, having for its object any inter- 
ference, within the States, with the relation between their citizens and those described 
in Section second of the first Article of the Constitution as "all otlier pei-sons," shall 
originate with any State that does not recognize that relation Avithin its own limits, 
or shall be valid without the assent of eveiy one of the States composing the Union. 



328 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

it harm you to place in the Constitution, an amendment that would free our 
people from any such apprehension? In doing it, you would surrender no 
right, which, you say, you intend or desire to exercise. 

But, Mr. Speaker, the most serious ground of difficulty — at least, the one 
which seems to be the most difficult to adjust — is, the subject of slavery in 
the Territories. Not that it is the most important. No, sir. Practically, so 
far as any Territory we now possess is concerned, there is literally nothing in 
it. But the politicians of both sections have so long and so angrily quarreled 
over it, that the people have got it into their heads that there is something 
vitally concerning them in it. Hence, they are obdurately tenacious of their 
respective views. 

Gentlemen of the Republican party have said to us: Would you have us 
surrender our principles? I reply, must we abandon our^? You say you 
are right; may you not be in error? You say that we are wrong; may we 
net be in the right? Suppose, then, that this question, as to the power and 
duty of Congress in the Territories, was an open one — I ask you, ought you 
not to defer, to some extent, to our opinions? But we say it is not an open 
question. We say that it has been adjudicated by a competent tribunal that 
we are right, and that you are in error. 

You say, the opinion of the Court to which I refer, was a mere obiter dic- 
tum, and consequently, has none of the weight of the judgment of a Court. 
For the sake of argument, let us grant it. Still, you must confess that seven 
out of nine of the Judges of the Supreme Court, have, in elaborate opinions, 
declared that we were right, and that you were wrong. This being the status 
of the legal argument between us, I submit to you, gentlemen, whether the 
proposition which we make to you is not a fair one — that we compromise our 
difficulties by an amendment to the Constitution, providing — what ? That in 
all the territory of the United States, north of 36 deg. 30 min.. North lati- 
tude, your theory ahsU be reocgnized, and be put into practical operation, 
and that in all the territory South of that line, our theory shall practically 
prevail. 

Certain gcntle'men of the Republican party have said, in answer to this 
view of the subject, and by way of apology for their obstinate refusal to 
counsel concession and compromise, that they are but following in the foot- 
steps of Washington and Jefferson, and other distinguished men of the South, 
who, at an early day, expressed opinions unfavorable to the extension of 
slavery. Mr. Speaker, if this argument were not otherwise unsound, its 
fallacy would be made apparent by the fact, that, I might refer, not only to 
what distinguished men of the North, at an early day, said, but what they 
did, to prove, not only that African slavery was right, but that the foreign 
slave trade was a traffic to be fostered and protected. Your ancestors held 
slaves so long as they were profitable, and insisted on the right of carrying 
on the slave trade for twenty-one years after the adoption of the Constitution. 
The most rigorous fugitive slave law ever in existence on the American 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 329 

continent was enacted by the ancestry of the gentlemen of New England, by 
which fugitive slaves were captured and returned to their masters, at the 
public expense, and with as little reference to the formalities of the law 
as are observed, to day, in my State, in the case of a horse posted as an 
estray. 

Now, Mr. Speaker, with all deference and kindness to gentlemen, whether 
of the North or South — separating the arguments of gentlemen from the 
gentlemen themselves — I will be excused for saying, that all such reasoning, 
as to what is now expedient and proper to be done, predicatad on any such 
facts, is shallow and dangerous sophistry. If persisted in by gentlemen, 
and made the basis of their action, amidst the complications that surround 
us, all hope of restoring harmony and good fellowship between the sections 
will prove illusory. 

The brief hour allowed me, will not permit me to dwell longer here. I 
have merely glanced at some of the most prominent sources of difference 
between the North and the South. There are other causes of disagreement, 
but they are such as I believe can be easily adjusted. Cannot these likewise 
be arranged? If we are not recreant to the holy trust imposed on us by 
our fathers, they can be, and will be, arranged, and that, too, without further 
delay. 

Suppose, Mr. Speaker, that you and I are traveling in opposite directions, 
along a narrow pathway, crossing a fearful chasm. By care and mutual 
assistance, we may pass each other. Shall each insist that he is entitled to 
the whole space, and determine to drive the other back ? And that, if we 
cannot do this, we will engage in a struggle that will precipitate us both 
into the depths below ? If we are irreconcilable and deadly enemies, we 
may. We will not, if we are friends, sincerely anxious for each other's 
good. 

Then, Mr. Speaker, I again ask gentlemen on my right, whether this ex- 
citing and dangerous, though empty quarrel about slavery in the Territories, 
shall not. in a spirit of fairness and friendship, be set forever at rest? 

Among the youngest members of the House, it would ill-become me to 
make any reflection on the manner in which gentlemen on this floor perform 
their duties to the country. I must be pardoned for saying, however, that I 
have been pained, from the first day of the session, till the present time, at 
the seeming indifi'erence of Representatives, from both North and South, in 
regard to propositions which vitally concern the very existence of the Gov- 
ernment. 

Gentlemen from the North, say : " What have we done to bring about this 
angry and dangerous excitement in the country, that we should now be ex- 
pected to come forward with sacrifices to allay it?" Gentlemen, there are 
those — and I am among them — who think you have largely contributed to 
create it. There are those who charge that you are responsible for it all; 
how this is, it is not essential to my argument, to inquire. 



330 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

Three of you reside beneath the same roof ; the building is on fire ; re- 
posing in it are your wives and children ; it contains valuable stores belong- 
to you; the flames are rapidly spreading; if not speedily stayed, the whole 
will be burned to the ground, your property destroyed, and the lives of your 
families put in jeopardy. AVhich of you will quietly fold your arms, and 
refuse to make aa effort to extinguish the flames, satisfying himself by de- 
claring to others, that the fire did not originate in his part of the house ? 
You, Mr. Speaker, and I, your constituents, and my constituents, your fam- 
ilj' and my family, are the peaceful dwellers in the fairest fabric of Govern- 
ment that was ever devised by man. In it are deposited our ancestral 
glory, our peace and security for the present, our most cherished hopes of 
peace, and of prosperity, and of honor, in the future. It is on fire. Flames, 
fierce as hell, are consuming it. Men of the North, would you prevent its 
destruction? You have it in your power; without risk, without sacrifice, 
without dishonor, you can do it ; you have but to speak, and it is done. In 
the name of those by whose blood it was cemented ; in the name, not of 
Tennessee, but of a common humanity ; in the name of the people of these 
States, whose servants you are, I demand to know if you will longer stand 
indiff"erently by, and see it tumble in ruins before you? 

In the debate on yesterday, it was remarked by a distinguished gentleman 
that if the concessions now asked for by the South, were granted by the 
North, it would mar the beauty of our Government, and injuriously affect its 
character for usefulness and stability. Mr. Speaker, I do not believe such 
would be the case. I totally dissent from any such opinion. But suppose 
he is right ; still, would he be justified in his purpose to refuse terms of 
concession and adjustment? No, sir. Y'our house is on fire; will you say 
to the firemen, "do not cast water upon my dwelling, you will injure the 
furniture within ? " Such conduct, JMr. Speaker, were arrant madness. 
Yet, sir, in all kindness to gentlemen, let me say, if they will sit by and see 
this Government destroyed, lest, perchance, in their effort to save it, some 
feature they may admire, or think material in its structure, should be in- 
jured or destroyed, their conduct will have still less of reason in it. 

But there are those here, from the South, who, I fear, instead of being 
disposed to cast water upon the fire, are indrfstriously adding fuel to the 
flames. With such gentlemen, I would earnestly remonstrate. Gentlemen, 
in the name of God, I ask you to stop and consider. What are your constit- 
uents — whose rights and whose interests you are bound, by every obligation 
of honor, jealously and fearlessly to guard — what are they to gain, what 
may they not lose, by your hasty destruction of the Government? The dis- 
solution of this Union ! Will it remedy a single evil? Will it not aggra- 
vate those now complained of, and to their number, add thousands, which, 
in the Union, can never exist? 

We complain of the personal liberty laws — will our withdrawal from the 
Union, repeal them? Will it not add to their number others more injurious 
and offensive ? 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 331 

We complain that our slaves escape to the free States, and that the laws 
of Congress intended for their recapture, are not faithfully executed. Will 
a dissolution of the Union restrain them from escaping ? Will the abrogation 
of the laws — consequent upon disunion — intended to return them to us, 
cause these laws to h^ faithfully enforced? 

We complain that our slaves escape through the Free States to Canada, 
whence we have no hope of getting them back. Will our condition be im- 
proved when the Free States, shall, by our act, be converted into another 
Canada, differing only from the other, in that it will be immediately upon 
our borders, and to reach it, the slave will have no need of the underground 
railway ? 

We complain that we have not the right of transit through, and temporary 
residence in, the Free States, with our slaves. One Northern State now gives 
to us these rights. Others, we have reason to hope, may follow her example. 
One thing is manifest, we are not more likely to get them out of, than in, the 
Union, as it is a privilege granted us by no foreign State. 

We complain that the soil of one of our States has been invaded by armed 
men, whose fiendish purpose was to incite insurrection among our slaves. 
When Virginia shall constitute a portion of a Southern Confederacy, will the 
danger of a repetition of this mad and most wicked undertaking be lessened ? 
By whom were Brown and his fellow-conspirators captured and placed in the 
hands of the law, that they might expiate upon the gallows, the guilt of their 
most unnatural crimes ? By the forces of the Federal Government. Will 
these forces prove more efficacious for our protection when we shall have 
renounced all allegiance to the Government, and forfeited all claim to its in- 
tei'position? Shall the hordes of Northern fanatics, whose impudent inter- 
ference with what does not in the least concern them, we so justly complain 
of, and from whom is our only danger of invasion to be apprehended — shall 
they be restrained by the strong arm of the States united, or shall they be 
let loose upon us, as were the Goths and Vandals upon Southern Europe 1* 

We complain that Northern Governors refuse to promptly deliver up, as 
they should, fugitives from justice — persons who have stolen our slaves, for 
example. When the North shall become, to us, a foreign nation, we will not 
have, in such a case, under any extradition treaty we will be able to make, 
even a pretext to demand such fugitive. We have reference made in the pa» 
pers of this morning to a case now pending in Canada, where a fugitive 
slave, who slew a man in Missouri who was attempting to capture him, has 
been demanded. And, although the authorities of Canada were disposed to 
surrender the murderer, so fanatical are the English people in their hatred 

* The adoption of the following resolution is recommended by the committee of 
Thirty-Three. 

" Resolved, Tbat each State be also respectfully requested to enact such laws as will 
prevent and punish any attempt whatever, in such State, to recognize or set on foot 
the lawless invasion of any other State or Territory." 



332 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

to slavery, a writ of habeas corpus has been issued by the British courts to re- 
move him to England, in order that be may be discharged. 

We complain that equal and exact justice i^ not done us in the Territo- 
ries ; at least, that there is a powerful party in the North, that have declared 
their intention to prevent us carrying our slaves there. 

The adjudication of the Supreme Court, in the Dred Scott case, has put it 
out of the power of that party to do this, if they would. But if such a power 
existed and was exercised, I submit to gentlemen from the South, if a reme- 
dy for this flagrant injustice to us is to be found in the absolute surrender of 
the Territories, for every purpose, to the North ? Would this repair the 
wrong, or heal our wounded honor ? 

A leading journalist of Virginia, in an elaborate article — marked and sent 
to my address — urging the immediate secession of his State, because, as he 
says, " the North has deliberately, unjustly, and tyi^anically driven us from 
the Territories," concludes one of his paragraphs with this heroic announce- 
ment. 

"We go forth with only the soil beneath our feet for our inheritance, ask- 
ing but to be let alone by those who have proved themselves our enemies, and 
determined to fight if we are not let alone. " 

Is this the spirit of "the Old Dominion ? " Certainly it is not. It is not 
the spirit of the men whom I represent. They are not prepared to retreat 
and surrender to the North our vast public domain, purchased with their 
blood and treasure. I do not comprehend, sir, that character of chivalry, 
which, in one breath, recommends the breaking up of the Government, be- 
cause of an apprehended denial to the people of the South of the right to 
carry slaves to the Territories ; and in the next, announces its readiness to 
timidly abandon every character of right in and to such Territories, because, 
as the writer just referred to, says, " the North have decided against slavery 
at the ballot-box." 

If our connection with the Government is broken, Tennesseans will feel 
that they have brought humiliation and not honor upon themselves, if their 
interests in the Territories are thus to be surrendered to the North. 

But does any advocate of secession say, We will have a part of the Territo- 
ries, if need be, by force? What becomes, in that event, of the feast to 
jyhich you invite my people, of a "peaceable secession." 

The truth is — and I want my people to know it — the purpose of the lead- 
ers of secession, who would seem to imagine that they had exclusive custody 
of Southern rights and Southern honor, is to shamefully surrender all theTerri- 
tories to the North. There is neither honor or profit, in such a course. As 
the Kcpresentative of a people who have made as great sacrifices and shed 
as much blood in the acquirement of these Territories, as any in the Union, 
I protest against it. 

What do they promise us in lieu of the vast domain thus given up ? The 
privilege, sir, of getting, if we can, portions of Mexico and Central America. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 333 

How it is to be done, has not been explained. By force, and without provo- 
cation ? If so — were it practical — I denounce it as unworthy of a civilized 
people. Shall we imitate the example of the bandit and savage, who fight 
for plunder and not for glory or honor ? I repeat, how is it to be done ? By 
purchase ? We have neither money or credit to buy. Sir, it is childish fa- 
tuity to dream of our getting it, either by force, or with money. The British 
Government, whose recognition the seceding States are now so earnestly 
seeking, and without whose aid they cannot hope to maintain themselves, 
will never permit it. That Government is, of all others, the most fanatical 
in its opposition to African slavery. She exercises sovereignty over the 
greater portion of Central America; and upon Mexico, in which Govern- 
ment she is known to have procured the abolition of slavery, her citizens 
hold a debt of over two hundred million dollars. She will never permit us 
to touch one foot of it. 

Is it not, then, your duty to stay your hands, and see whether the evils 
complained of may not be remedied in the Union, and those which will cer- 
tainlj' be consequent upon dismemberment, avoided? 

Appeals are addressed to us in soft and winning phrase about "our sister 
States of the South," Euolgies are pronounced upon the glorious little 
South Carolina;" and we are asked if we can hesitate to follow " her noble 
example. " 

Mr. Speaker, I have nothing unkind to say of South Carolina. No one 
of her sons is here to speak for her, to-day. Within her borders, under the 
lead of Marion and Sumter, my ancestry suffered and sacrificed much that 
she might be free. Her soil was wet with their blood, and in it, to-day, re- 
pose the bones of those who fell in her service. Her commercial metropolis 
was the birth-place and early home of my father. Let no hostility to her people 
be attributed to me. Though she has acted most precipitously, wronged the 
Government, and injured my people, still, my wish is, whether united or not, 
with Tennessee, that "length of days may be in her right hand, and in her 
left, riches and honor; may her ways be ways of pleasantness, and all her 
paths be peace." 

But, whatever may be my feelings, personally, to her people, I owe it to the 
generous men who sent me here, to warn them against the folly of being 
controlled by her mad counsels, or in the least influenced by her example of 
weakness and wickedness. She advises rebellion against the best Govern- 
ment on earth — I say, rebellion, for that is the true and manly word. 

The doctrine of peaceable secession, I utterly repudiate. As a remedy, 
under the Constitution, I believe it to be wholly without warrant. AVe have, 
however, reserved to us the great inherent right, that overrides all consti- 
tutions — of revolution. When it is no longer tolerable for Tennessee to re- 
main in the Union, I trust they will boldly proclaim themselves in rebellion, 
and meet its responsibilities like men. The right and the duty of rebellion 
usually go together. Government is instituted for the benefit of the gov- 



334 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

erned. When so perverted, that the aggregate good is more than overbal- 
anced by the injuries it inflicts, it is the right, and generally, ihenit becomes 
the dull/, of the people to throw off such government. This is, however, a 
question which it is unprofitable to discuss. Whether the withdrawal of a 
State is called secession or revolution, is now unimportant. The practical 
question is, "what profit" shall we have in doing what South Carolina ad- 
vises ? 

Let us hear one of her own citizens, upon the subject of secession: 
"It is no redress for the past; it is no security for the future. It is only a 
magnificent sacrifice of the present, without in any wise gaining in the fu- 
ture. Such is the intensity of my conviction on the subject, that if seces- 
sion should take place — and of which I have no idea, for I cannot believe in 
such STUPENDOUS MADXESs — I shall Consider the institution of slavery as doomed, 
and that the great Go i, in our blindness, has made us the instrument of its 
destruction." 

This is the language of Mr. Boyce, late a Representative, upon this floor, 
from South Carolina, in an address, but a few years since, to the people of 
his State, who were then threatening secession. 

He thought it "stupendous madness" — "only a magnificent sacrifice of the 
present, without in any wise gaining in the future." If it took place, he 
said, he would "consider the institution of slavery doomed, and that the 
great God, in their blindness, had made them the instruments of its destruc- 
tion." 

The idea of making a nation out of South Carolina seemed to strike him as 
absurd. In the same address, he said: 

"South Carolina cannot become a nation. God makes nations — not man. 
You cannot extemporize a nation out of South Carolina. It is simply impos- 
sible ; we have not the resources. We could exist by tolerance ; and what that 
tolerance would be, when we consider the present hostile spirit of the age to 
the institution of slavery, all may readily imagine. I hope "we may never 
have to look upon the painful and humiliating spectacle. From the weak- 
ness of our national government, a feeling of insecurity would arise, and 
capital would take the alarm, and leave us. But it may be said, 'Let capital 
go.' To this I reply, that capital is the life-blood of a modern community; 
and in losing it, you lose the vitality of the State." 
He could see no profit in secession — nothing but ruin. 
The leaders in this movement, in the cotton States, and others who are 
aspiring to position with them, tell us that they "loved the Union as our 
fathers made it." AVhat is it now? Just what our fathers made it. If not, 
in what has it been changed? We have the same Constitution. There is not 
a law — not one — upon our Federal statute-book, of which we complain. The 
adjudications of the Supreme Court, upon all questions affecting Southern 
institutions, are precisely as we would have them. The statesmen of the 
South have dictated the entire policy of the Federal Government, upon 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 335 

slavery, since the formation of the Constitution. If there is an exception to 
this rule, I ■would ask to be informed of it. There is none, sir. What, then, 
becomes of this twaddle of gentlemen, about their love of "the Union as it 
came from our fathers?" 

As 1 have said before, there are serious grounds of complaint, on our part, 
against the North. No one of them, however, has its origin in the Constitu- 
tion, in the Union, or in any law enacted by Congress. Most of them — all 
that are serious — may be remedied in the Union. All of them, more effec- 
tually in it, than out of it. 

But, as a reason for our hurrying out of the Union, we are told by the 
leaders in South Carolina, and other cotton States, that we are "oppressed, 
and have been, for years" — that " the yoke of bondage must be thrown off" 
— "that we must be free." We, of the border States, have not been aware of 
our sad condition. Men of all parties — in Tennessee, at least — have inno- 
cently been of the opinion that they were "free." Until this storm of dis- 
union broke over their heads, they were certainly happy and prosperous — 
as contented with their Government as any people on earth. But, it seems 
our contentment was the result of our ignorance and stupidity. 

The chivalry of the cotton States have kindly stepped forward, and in- 
formed us that we had not the sensibility to feel an insult, nor the sense to 
know when we are wronged. They have generously assumed, gentlemen of the 
border States, the guardianship, both of our interests and our honor; and, for 
the protection of the one, and the vindication of the other, they counsel that 
we put in jeopardy our every material interest, and then — commit suicide ! 
How, Mr. Speaker, shall we, of the border States, ever be able to repay our 
Southern brethren for this unselfish and considerate advice? Should we, 
after respectful consideration of their counsels, inform them that the reme- 
dies proposed are worse than the evils complained of, and beg to be permitted 
to choose our own mode and measure of redress of all grievances, and " to 
regulate our own domestic concerns in our own way," I trust we will be par- 
doned. 

Mr. Speaker, I do not think I have mistaken the motives of South Caro- 
lina. Her purpose has not been the redress of Southern grievances, but the 
total and final destruction of the Union, and the establishment of a govern- 
ment, the policy of which she expects to control. Disunion, which has, in 
the language of Mr. Rbett, been " a matter which has been gathering head 
for thirty years;" disunion for the purpose of re-opening the African slave 
trade, or some other imagined advantage to herself, having been determined 
on, her policy was to secure the speedy co-operation of the other cotton 
States, and then coerce the border States to follow, by forcing upon them, in 
the language of Governor Gist, the alternative of " emancipating their slaves 
or going into the Southern Confederacy," a confederacy, in which, her fa- 
vorite theory of free trade and direct taxation will be put into practical ope- 
ration. Sir, Tennesseans cannot be driven. As my colleague, [Mr. Nelson,] 



336 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

said most truthfully, a few days since, " Tennessee will never be coercedhy 
men North or South." She will do what she believes best to comport with 
her dignity and honor, and most aflfectually protect the interests of her citi- 
zens. As one of her Representatives upon this floor, I protest against all at- 
tempts to bully her into terms, come from what quarter they may. 

Without assuming to have a monopoly of all the courage and sensibility 
in the land, her people have a just appreciation of all that concerns either her 
rights or her honor ; and should the evil day come, when a resort to arms 
shall be necessary to the vindication of either, " my head upon it," sir, her 
sons will prove quite as fearless, and as ready for the conflict as those who, 
of late, have been so profuse in the praises of their own courage. 

Mr. Speaker, the great question the people of the border States have to 
consider, is : will they take their own interests into their own hands, and 
dare to defend them from attack from every quarter; or shall they permit 
themselves to be brow-beaten into submission to the schemes of the selfish 
and ambitious leaders of a disastrous revolution; whether they shall take 
time to ascertain what guarantees they can secure for their safety and for the 
full enjoyment of their rights in the Union, or whether they will tamely sub- 
mit to be dragged — inconsiderately dragged — without the remotest possibility 
of advantage to themselves, into a cotton confederacy, in which they are to 
constitute the exposed frontier? I say, without the remotest possibility of 
advantage, sir, for the reason, that not even the veriest Utopian projector of 
a Southern Confederacy, has ever yet had the ingenuity to suggest any possi- 
ble good that will accrue to us, in any degree compensating for the almost 
innumerable ills that every informed and reflecting man knows will inevita- 
bly follow upon our separation from the Union. 

It is my opinion this day — and if, for any consideration, I should fail to 
express if, I would be guilty of unfaithfulness to my people — that the lead- 
ers of the disunionists of the cotton States, in their reckless selfishness, their 
utter disregard of what maybe essential to our interests and safety, are^rac- 
tically our enemies, as truly as are the most unprincipled fanatics of the 
North. Already they have reduced the value of our property more than all 
the cff"orts of abolitionism combined ; and it is now for us to determine wheth- 
er we will permit them to consummate our ruin. 

Mr. Speaker, the suggestion has been made, that, as Southern Representa- 
tives, it is unwise in us, in the hearing of men from the North, to speak of 
our apprehensions of evil in the event of disunion. I confess, sir, to the 
weakness of having too long acted upon such considerations. As sentinels, 
we are false to our duty if we fail to apprise those we represent of dangers, 
which, if seen, may be avoided. It is folly in us, anyhow, to delude our- 
selves with the idea that the Abolitionist of the North does not comprehend 
fully, what will be the eS"ect of disunion upon the whole South, especially 
upon us of the border States. Hear Lloyd Garrison : 

" At last the covenant with death is annulled, and the agreement with hell 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 337 



broken, by the action of South Carolina herself, and ere long by all the 
slaveholding States, for their doom is one. Hail the approaching jubilee, ye 
millions who are wearing the galling chains of slavery, for assuredly the day 
of your redemption draws nigh, bringing liberty to you and salvation to the 
whole land." 

Phillips prays for the utter destruction of the Union, in order that its re- 
straints may be got rid of, and that the protection it affords to slavery may 
be withdrawn. He says : 

"All hail, disunion ! Sacrifice everything for the Union? God forbid! 
Sacrifice everything to keep South Carolina in it? Rather build a bridge of 
gold, and pay her toll over it. Let her march off with banners and trumpets, 
and we will speed the parting guest. Let her not stand upon the order of 
her going, but go at once. Give her the forts and arsenals and sub-treasu- 
ries, and lend her jewels of silver and gold, and Egypt will rejoice that she 
has departed." 

Again : in the same harrangue, he declares; 

" We are disunionists, not from any love of separate confederacies, or as 
ignorant of the thousand evils that spring from neighboring and quai'relsome 
States ; but we would get rid of this Union, to get rid of slavery." 

Sir, the Garrisons and Giddingses, the YanceysandRhetts, are practically 
conniving together in a wicked conspiracy, to result in the ruin of the most 
vital interests of my State. Shall I applaud it? No. Should I condemn 
and denounce it ? I should. / do. 

Mr. Speaker, among the many cunning devices resorted to by " the pre- 
cipitators" of the day to accomplish their ends, the employment of the term 
submissionist is becoming quite common. "Shall Tennessee submit to be 
ruled over by Lincoln ?" Sir, no President has ever yet ruled over Tennessee. 
Our Presidents are not the rulers, but the servants of the people. 

Elected according to all the required forms of law, it is but a sickly and 
disgusting affectation of sensibility and spirit, for any man to assume that 
there will be humiliation or dishonor to any State, in the rightful perform- 
ance by Mr. Lincoln, of all the functions of the Presidency. I submit to the 
high sanctions of a most solemn oath, administered to me at that desk, to 
support it — yes, sir, support it, not destroy it. Is there one here who would 
more lightly estimate the obligations of his oath ? 

"Li any, speak ; 

For him have I offended." 

Mr. Speaker, I am determined not to be driven from the faithful perform- 
ance of what I conceive my duty, by the mad cry of crazy enthusiasts ; nor 
shall I be seduced from its discharge, by the artful appliances of unscrupu- 
luos and interested disturbers of the public tranquility. 

On walking with a friend through the Rotunda this morning, looking upon 
the magnificent paintings that adorn its walls, illustrative of scenes in the 
22 



338 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

early history of our country — its battles, its sacrifices, and its victories — and 
thinking of its present greatness, my heart swelled with patriotic emotion; 
and as I gazed into the majestic face of that god-like man — our Washington 
— a vow leaped unbidden from my heart to my lips — may it stand recorded 
in Heaven ! — that never, so long as I was permitted to live upon the earth, 
would I do one act, or utter one sentiment, intended to alienate the feelings 
of one section of my country from the other, or to weaken the sacred bonds 
which bind together its various parts ! If there be those upon this floor who 
think that the expression of such feelings and sentiments is evidence of dis- 
loyalty to the South, I can afford to despise their opinions. If there be one 
here who can- look upon such scenes, and in their presence contemplate the 
present disastrous condition of the country unmoved, without pain, mark 
him well ' " he is fit for treason." 

" Let no such man be trusted." 

[Applause.] 

I shall not follow the example of gentlemen in making protestations of 
my devotion to the South, or to my State. If my home, my wife, my chil- 
dren, my property, my honor — all I most love and most prize — if these are 
deemed insufficient guarantees of my loyalty to Tennessee, and of my wil- 
lingness to share whatever of burdens or dangers may be in store for her 
people, no empty declamation in which I might indluge here, would be more 
satisfactory. 

I will not say that I am wholly free from that shameful weakness which leads 
mankind to watch and follow the popular breeze. No, sir, but if, at this 
time, with my convictions of duty, I should bend before the angry storm 
that is sweeping over my State, I would despise myself, and bring dishonor 
upon my children. / will not do it. I may be overwhelmed : such is the 
probable result; be it so; the cause is worthy of sacrifice. In no event, 
however, though those whose approbation and good opinion I should regret to 
lose, shall, upon my return to them, frown upon me; in no event, I repeat, 
can I be robbed of that richest of eartlily blessings — the consciousness of 
having done what my carefully informed judgment told me was right. 

Mr. Speaker, the voice of passion is not always the voice of duty, and the 
public good is often sacrificed to an unreasoning impulse. During the sec- 
ond term of George Washington, as President, you remember that the Fi-ench 
Government declared war against England, and it became her undisguised 
purpose to draw us into an alliance with her in her stupendous schemes of 
revolution. The popular mind became excited; sympathy for France was 
enthusiastic, and threatened to sweep to destruction every opposing senti- 
ment, and to immolate upon the altar of popular vengeance, all who dared to 
pause, ere they yielded their plaudits to the bloody actors in that tragedy of 
mankind. 

Washington stood almost alone, yet he stood firmly. His cool penetration 
detected the true character of the sanguinary assassins of France. Rebuking 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 339 

faction from his presence, spurning from him its venom and its vengeance, 
enthroned in virtue and conscious rectitude, he breasted and weathered out 
the storm, emphatically stood in the breach, and saved his country from the 
curse of a wanton war with England, alike securing the peace and safety, 
and maintaining the dignity and good faith of the nation. When passion 
had subsided, the whole American people commended his course. 

Mr. Speaker, because General Scott has refused to give countenance to 
what his judgment condemns, men who were 

" Mewling and puking in the nurse's arms," 

when he, admidst showers of bullets, led our forces to victory at Chippewa 
and Lundy's Lane — yes, political fledglings, who were not born for a scoi'e 
of years afterward, are now perverting his language, ascribing to him 
opinions and purposes which he has emphatically disclaimed, and denouncing 
him as "a traitor to the South." 

As an American, having a property in the riches of this old soldier's glory, 
I thank God, that, as in physical stature, like Saul of old, he towers above 
any of the people "from liis shoulders and upward," so in the attributes of 
virtue, and integrity, and patriotism, he rises so inconceivably above his 
silly and malicious revilers, their poisoned arrows fall harmlessly at his feet. 

But my time is nearly exhausted; I have spoken freely, candidly — I will 
not say boldly — my honest convictions. It has been my purpose, if possible, 
to throw into this great argument some word or thought — in the same spirit 
in which the widow cast her single mite into the treasury — that perchance 
might result in good to my country. 

Convinced that anything like a reconstruction of the Government, if the 
further progress of dissolution is not checked, is impossible, my object has 
been to implore Representatives from all sections, on this floor, to modera- 
tion and liberality, forbearance and justice. 

To my ardent and excited friends of the South, let me say, in conclusion, 
as the liberties and free institutions which we have so highly prized, were 
acquired by one Revolution, they may be lost by another. 

To the men of the North, let me say, if you intend conciliations and com- 
promise with your brethren of the South, leave no room to reproach your- 
selves for hesitation or reluctance. If the Government is to be subverted, 
see to it that its destruction is not attributable to your unreasonable and 
criminal obstinacy. 

To members of all parties, and from all sections, in this House, let me say : 
Shall we not, in this hour of our country's peril, lift ourselves high above 
that narrow view, bounded by the contracted horizon of self, of party, or of 
section, and thereby preserve to mankind the only example of well-regulated 
liberty in the world? Or shall we — indifi"erent to all the memories of the 
past — heedless to the claims of humanity — i^rrapped in a stolid selfishness — 
see the glory of our fathers sink into their children's shame? I beseech you, 



340 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

brethren, to consider well the momentous issues before us; act upon them, 
justly, firmly, as becometh men, to whose keeping have been intrusted the 
highest privileges ever given to man, and who are responsible to posterity 
and to God, for their transmission, unimpaired, to those who are to come 
after us. 

When before Milan, Napoleon I., in addressing his army, drawn up around 
him, told them that, when they returned to their homes in France, their 
countrymen, pointing to them, would say: '"He belonged to the army in 
Italy." 

Mr. Speaker, if, on account of our wicked perverseness and want of pa- 
triotism, our country is not saved, and revolution and civil war ensue — when 
the youth of the country shall have been cut down like grass — our cities and 
villages burned, and our fields laid waste — when cur ears shall be greeted by 
the weeping of widows and wailing of their children — with merited scorn 
and maledictions, we will be pointed at by our fellow-citizens, who will say, 
as in shame we avert our faces: "He was a member of the Thirty-Sixth 
Congress!"* 

"Washington, D. C, 

February 12, 1861. 
My Dear "Wipe : — 

* ^ =!^ Have been out to a fashionable dinner- 
party, at Henry Winter Davis'. Dined at 6:30 o'clock. Twelve 
gentlemen present — of all political parties — Republicans, Demo- 
crats, and Union men. Mrs. Davis was the only lady present. 
She is elegant and agreeable — presides at table with great case 
and grace. I sat on her right hand, and soon got into a sj)irited 
colloquy with her, which greatly amused, if it did not edify, the 
company. She is full of wit and good humor, though ordina- 
rily disposed to be extremely dignified. 

The table was sumjDtuous — twelve courses! — soup, fish, fowl 
and beast, etc. The wine flowed freely, I being the only per- 
son present who did not drink it. Mrs. D., who sipped a little, 

* The Memphis BuMc^in, in speaking of this speech, says: "We have read, with 
the greatest pleasure, the late noble and eloquent speech of the gallant Ilatton, de- 
livered in the House of Representatives, on the 8th inst. It was one of the very best 
speeches that has been made in Congress, this session. It is a bold, eloquent, manly 
and patriotic effort, worthy alike its gifted author and the gallant people which 
he so faithfully and truly represents. Mr. Hatton has taken a deservedly high posi- 
tion in Congress. He is bold, eloquent and fearless, and one of the truest patriots in 
that body. Tennessee may well feel proud of so true and worthy a Representative. 
We will furnish our readers with copious extracts from his speech, and only regret 
that we have not the space to publish it entire." 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 341 

with her guests, laughed at me, and some of mj^ remarks about 
drinking, heai'tily. Her husband never drinks, excejDt on some 
such occasion. The dinner Lasted two hours and a half— Mrs. 
D. retiring from the dining-hall at a little after 9 o'clock, p. m. 
This was the last we saw of her. English custom. The gen- 
tlemen are left by the ladies, to get high over wine and cigars, 
if they choose. Love to all. 

Affectionately, 

Egbert Hatton. 



"Washington, D. C, 

February 14, 1861. 
Dear Sophie: — 

I met Judge Caruthers, just now. He was in on the 
floor of the House, and sat with us for an hour. He is very 
well, you may tell Mrs. C, and sj^ending the time, I trust, 
pleasantly. He and Judge Totten were both astonished and 
amused at the confusion that prevails in the House. 

In my letter, yesterday, I omitted to give you any account 
of the ceremony of opening and counting the votes for Presi- 
dent and Yice-President, which came off in the Hall of the 
House of Kepresentatives, on yesterday. It was, really, an 
imposing scene. The Senators, headed by the Yice-President, 
Mr. Breckenridge, came, two and two, from the Senate Cham- 
ber to the House. Were received by the members of the 
House, standing. Two Senators and three members of the 
House sat in front of the Speaker's chair, and read out the 
votes of the States, as they were read by Mr. Breckenridge; 
and, when all were examined, the result was announced by the 
Vice-Pi-esident, declaring Abraham Lincoln and Hannibal 
Hamlin duly and constitiutonally elected President and Vice- 
President of the United States. The Senators then withdrew. 
The galleries were densely crowded with ladies — never saw 
them so crowded, before. In haste. 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 



342 life op general robert hatton. 

Washington, D. C, 

February 17, 1861. 
Dear Sophie: — 

Your second letter, of Tuesday, was received, this morn- 

My expenses for documents, have been heavy. Paid out, 
this morning, S37.25, for speeches. Have ordered 850 worth of 
my own speech, 815 of Stokes', and §10 and S20 of a dozen 
others. So, the painting must be "tabled," for the present. 
Told Etheridge what you said of Miss Sue. Pleased him, very 
much. Did you get his letter ? You must answer it ; but don't 
appear too much pleased at anything he said of you. He read 
it to me. 

I send, by to-day's mail, a picture paper for the children. I 
am really fond of such things, myself. Shall expect a great 
deal, of the ehildern, when I get home. Tell Eeilly, I expect 
him to read to me, in his " Eeader," and be able to make me a 
good Union speech. Tell him to give the fire-eaters fits. 
Bless his little heart, I want him reared to love the Union. 

'^ ^ ■^ ^ ^ He H:^ >i«>i« 

I am very well, but tired out. Have, in ten days past, sent 
off some twelve thousand speeches ! Am anxious to get away 
from here. Did not go to church, to-day. Snowing. Weather 
has been much worse, this Winter, than last. 

I am rejoiced at the result, in Tennessee. [The vote against 
a Convention.] It has given to the Union men, new life and 
hope. Received a letter fi'om Campbell, on yesterday. He is 
severe on some of our good people. They deserve all he gives 
them, no doubt. 

Affectionately, 

R. Hatton. 

Washington, D. C, 

February 18, 1861. 
Dear Sophie : — 

I saw Judge Caruthers, this morning, at his hotel. He 
was very well, and seemed in good spirits. I delivered your 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 343 

message to him, and told him of your seeing Mrs. C. at work in 
her garden. The Commissioners seem to be spending tlieir 
time pleasantly. Trust they will do good service to our dis- 
tracted country. It is, indeed, a most suj)erior body of men. 

i^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ :^i :^ ^i ^ ^ 

The weather is pleasant, this morning — the sun shining out 
beautifully. It affects my spirits, most sensibly. I wrote, on 
yesterday, fifteen letters. So, you see that I am kept busy. 
Am getting off about fifteen hundred speeches per day. This is 
no place for fun — at least, in the year 1861. The time, I learn, 
has been, when a member of Congress had some pleasure here. 
It has gone ! 

The Flying Artillery paraded through Pennsylvania Avenue, 
to-day. They made a great display. My love to father and 
mother, and the children. 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

"Washington City, D. C, 

February 23, 1861. 
Dear Wipe: — 

Eeceived two letters from you this morning. Also, re- 
ceived the .speech. You will hardly expect me to read it, un- 
less Miss Campell desires my opinion of it. The surfeit I have 
here of speaking, is quite enough for me. Still, I thank you 
for the speech — the trouble of sending it. 

There will be no difiiculty here, on the 4th of March — none ! 
Do not know certainly whether I will leave on the 4th of the 
month or not. I am urged to remain here until the 5th, to at- 
tend to some matters, in which some of my constituents are in- 
terested. May do it. * * * * * 

I received another letter from Gov. Campbell this morning. 
He is working like a Trojan for Union and peace. 

I cannot say, to-day, what our prospect of adjustment is. 
Am a little discouraged just now. A foolish and dangerous de- 
bate is now progressing, doing great harm. Thank the chil- 
dren for the flowers. My love to all. 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 



344 life of general robert hatton. 

Washington, D. C, 

February 23, 1861. 
Dear "Wife: — 

YestiGrday was a great day in "Washington. Some 2,000 
men were out in military dress, parading the streets — part of 
them the regular forces, and part volunteers of the*'city. The 
disj)lay was very fine. I witnessed it, however, with but little 
pleasure. Could not free myself from the thought that there 
was great probability of their being engaged soon, not in a 
mere gaily display, but in a sanguinary conflict, in the streets 
of our cities. But I trust we will have peace and quiet. 

Mr. Lincoln arrived here this morning — no body knowing 
any thing about his coming, until after he was here. Hope he 
will go to work now, and help us get up measures of adjustment. 
* * * Have not determined whether I 

will go home by the N'orthern or Southern route. Most likely 
by the Southern route. * * Love to all. 

Aflfectionately, 

K. Hatton. 

Washington, D. C, 

March 1, 1861. 
Dear Wife : — 

Your long and interesting letter of Sunday evening, was 
received this morning. I took time to read it twice, though it 
came in company with some twenty other letters. I expect to 
get one or two others from you before leaving for home. Will 
write one more to you, I suppose. Went this morning, by the 
Public Garden, and ordered a box of flower roots, &c. Also, 
some evergreens from the propagating garden. Will ship them 
to-morrow. Hope they will prove more rare and valuable, than 
what I sent home last year. 

We are getting along badly with our work of compromise — 
badly ! Will bi'eak up, I apprehend, without any thing being 
done. God will hold some men to a fearful responsibility. My 
heart is sick. May be, the cloud will part. 

Afi'ectionately, 

E. Hatton. 
To Mrs. S. K. Hatton., Lebanon, Tenn. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 345 

Thus closes Mr. Hatton's "Washington correspondence with 
his wife. He returned home, early in March, deprecating the 
turn which public sentiment was then evidently taking in 
Tennessee. But a short time after his arrival at home, he ad 
dressed the people of his own town and county. His speech i& 
thus noticed by the Lebanon Herald: 

" He occupied the stand for two hours and a half, and was lis- 
tened to with fine attention. He gave a full account of his 
stewardship whilst in Washington, and also a full history of 
the wrongs of the disunionists, North and South, to prevent a 
compromise. He argued and proved to the satisfaction of eve- 
ry unprejudiced mind, that the legislation of the last Congress — 
while it was not everything he wanted — placed slavery upon 
higher ground than it had occupied in the past twelve years ; 
that Congress had passed a resolution — to be inserted as a part 
of the Constitution — that the Federal Government never should 
possess the power to interfere or meddle with slavery in the 
States where it exists, and that it had organized three Territo- 
ries, leaving the people of the South perfectly free to carry their 
slave property therein. North as well as South of the line of 36:30, 
and be protected in the enjoyment of the same. His speech 
throughout was able and statesmanlike, and opened the eyes of 
many who have been duped and deceived by designing dema- 
gogues on this everlasting negro question. 

" Col. Hatton, at the conclusion of his speech, stated that if the 
people desired his services, for another term, and would mani- 
fest that desire in an unmistakable manner, he would probably 
be a candidate. Otherwise, he would not. He had no disposi- 
tion to thrust himself upon the people against their wishes. 

"So far as we are informed, the people desire and expect him 
to be a candidate. Nobody else is talked of for the j^osition he 
has so ably and faithfully filled for the past two sessions." 

Mr. Hatton's speech was not only acceptable, but highly 
pleasing to the Union men of his District, but there was a con- 
siderable secession element present, especially of young men 
and boys, from the Southern States, in attendance at the Uni- 



346 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

versitj, whose intense Southern feeling, rendered Mr. Hatton 
inimical, and his speech obnoxious. Some of them even hissed 
at him while delivering his sjieech. He rebuked them in a 
most withering manner. What followed, is thus related by the 
Gallatin Courier: 

" This evening (Tuesday) we were informed by a gentleman 
in this vicinity, just from Lebanon, of a most disgraceful occur- 
ence in that place on Monday night. During the day, Hon. 
Eob't Hatton addressed a meeting of Union men of Wilson 
county at the Court-House, when, for the expression of his 
Union sentiments, he was hissed by some persons in the audi- 
ence, whom he then and there rebuked in a becoming manner. 
At night, at about 11 o'clock, when his family had retired to 
rest. Col. Hatton was aroused from slumber by the beating of 
tin pans, and savage-like whooping by some twenty individuals 
who had gathered around his house, thus to disturb the peace 
of his family. Col. Hatton arose, and in his sleeping attire, 
went out in front of his dwelling, and fired a pistol into the 
midst of the ruffian gang. His fire was returned by about a 
half dozen shots, but, fortunately, he escaped injury. The dis- 
turbers then fled. In the mean time, about a quarter of a mile 
from Lebanon, he was burned in effigy. We learn that inves- 
tigation will be energetically made to ascertain the names of 
those who were engaged in this dirty work, and, when found 
out, they will be expelled from the otherwise peaceful commu- 
nity of Lebanon." 

On the same day, April 1st, that he was hissed in Lebanon, 
a public meeting was held in Sumner County, by the Union 
men, indorsing his course in Congress. The Courier says: — 

" On Monday, the Ist inst., the Union men of Sumner County, 
indorsed the course of Hon. Robert Hatton, as the Representa- 
tive of the Fifth Congressional District, and recommended his 
re-election to Congress. AVherever public meetings of a simi- 
tar character have been held in the District, the same sentiment 
has been expressed, and we believe it is the universal desire of 
the Unionists that Col. Hatton shall again represent them in 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 347 

Congress. This is a richly deserved compliment — not more 
richly deserved by any man in Tennessee. 

"Eobert Hatton holds an exalted position in the affections of 
all lovers of the Stars and Stripes. He has thus far discharged 
his public duties in the spirit of true manliness and patriotism, 
as well as with marked ability." 

His course in Congress had been approved by the majority 
of the press, in his District, as well as by hundreds of private 
letters, addressed to him by prominent constituents ; hence, his 
astonishment at the great change in public feeling. Although 
he had been led, through the tone of the Southern press, and 
by the course of many of his friends, to anticipate some change 
in public sentiment — a radical difference of opinion — still, he 
had not given up all hope of a final adjustment of the difficulty 
— of the " sober second thought" of the people, and the return 
of peace and harmony to the nation. The Shelby ville Exposi- 
tor, reviewing the course of Mr. Hatton, says: — 

"His career in the Congress just adjourned, we have watched 
with more of interest than ordinary. Boldness of speech, when 
speech was called for ; boldness of silence, when speech was 
out of place ; the safe side of questions of doubtful expediency, on 
which he was compelled to vote, such as the anti-polygamy bill, 
and some of the appropriation bills, loaded down as they were, 
with unconstitutional Senate amendments ; very punctual attend- 
ance on the sessions of the House, and a display of all he said 
or did of a patriotic devotion to the whole country, without 
regard to "sections;" sometimes voting with a small Southern 
minority against some foolish Northern bill ; sometimes co-op- 
erating with the North against the same Southern minority — 
these features in the first pages of his ".KecorcZ," indicate the 
character of the man — bold, yet prudent and cautious, thought- 
ful, patient, and determined; conservative, yet sound on 
questions peculiarly affecting the South, and patriotic to con- 
sider as a legislator, that the interests of his whole country de- 
manded his attention. We need honest men in Congress — men 
who will vote as a carefully informed judgment will dictate to 



348 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

be right, without any reference to the law question — can I sur- 
vive this vote f The history of Henry Clay demonstrates that 
the American people will honor the honest politician, even 
though he sometimes commit a blunder or mistake. But the 
time-servers and trimmers in periods like these, are " not in the 
books" of the enlightened voters of this country. The Repub- 
lic has no use for men ivho think more of themselves than they do 
of her. 

But the events that distinguish Mr. Hatton's brief career, 
are his support of the Covode Committee, and his Eeport of 
" Corruptions in the Navy Department." Mr. Eeady, his pre- 
decessor, had helped to white-wash this Democratic Adminis- 
tration by a Eeport which this Congress have voted, facts do 
not warrant. Mr. Hatton charged it upon him in the canvass, 
and defeated him by a majority significantly overwhelming. 
Mr. Eeady predicted, that although Mr. Hatton was at the 
head of the Committee on Expenditures in the Navy, " he 
would never make a report — never." But he did report — and 
the resolutions passed by majorities that have goaded the Ad- 
ministration into a fury that finds vent in invectives, railings, 
and vain denunciations. No old sea captain ever displayed 
more collected fairness and calmness in a storm, than did 
young Eobert Hatton, while Mr. Bocock was endeavoring to 
defeat these resolutions. When he had fumed and raged 
through his hour, Mr. Hatton said, "ief him have another hour .'" 
He met the leader of the Administration forces, and carried 
the resolutions on the showing of Mr. Bocock himself They 
passed by a majority that shows this Administration to be the 
most odious and unpopular that ever held power in America." 

We might multiply almost indefinitely the number of notices 
by the press, but the above is sufficient, expressing the senti- 
ment of nearly all. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 349 



CHAPTEE X. 

1861. A Union man in Congress— Joins the Confederate Army— Reasons for so doing 
— Elected Captain of a Comijany — Letters to his wife— Organization ol the 7th Ten- 
nessee Vols— Elected Colonel— Letters to his wife— Doings in Camp— His feelings, 
thoughts and reflections— Drill and equipment of his regiment at Camp Trousdale 
— Ordered to Va.— Campaigns in North-Western Vii'ginia- His great care for his 
men— incidents of the Campaigns under Stonewall Jackson — in camp near York- 
town— Allusion to the capture of Cornwallis by Washington— Ordered to the 
Chicahominy— supports Stewart's Cavalry— the Confederate Army retires from the 
Peninsula — Gen. Hattou brings up the rear of the army, developing the strength of 
the enemy— In camp near Richmond— Ordered to prepare to march, en route for the 
battle-field of " Seven Pines"— Last letter to his wife— Notes to his mother and 
father— Goes into battle on the 31st— Is Killed— Is not forgotten— His family— La- 
mented by friends— 1862. 

We come now not only to a new chapter in the life of Mr. 
Hatton, but also, to a new phase in his political history. Hith- 
erto he has been represented, and truly too, according to his 
own letters and speeches, as a most unyielding, uncompromising 
Union man — one whose fondly cherished hojies, and highest 
earthly ambition, clustered about, and centered in the political 
fabric of our fathers, the Constitution and government of the 
United States. "When in 1860-1, the great agitation, conse- 
quent uj)on the election of Mr. Lincoln, threatened the destruc- 
tion of the Union, and the utter overthrow of the Government, 
culminating in the late unhappy civil war, Mr. Hatton, as a 
member of the American Congress, stood firm and unmoved, 
amid the fiery and incoherent elements about him, counseling 
his Southern brethren to moderation and forbearance, and his 
Northern friends to compromise and conciliation. It was but 
his duty to do this. It was right ; it was natural. From in- 
fancy he had been taught to love the American Eepublic ; from 
youth to mature manhood he had paid homage to the govern- 
ment established by Washington and his compatriots; the 
Union he cherished as the very palladium of our liberties. 
Hence, he would raise his warning voice in behalf of his country. 



350 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

But in vain were his counsels given. In vain did he exhort the 
American people to forbearance and compromise. In vain did 
he warn them, both North and South, "that while we obtained 
our liberties in one revolution, we may lose them in another." 
Eeason was unthroned, and passion ruled the hour. The Bor- 
der State Committee of Thirteen, the Committee of Thirty- 
Three, Peace Commissioners, all had labored in vain. Ten of 
the Southern States had already seceded. The 36th Congress 
had adjourned, having accomplished nothing towards an ad- 
justment of the difficulties and the restoration of peace. The 
Union seemed in the very last throes of dissolution, and the 
midnight of despair brooding over the nation. Under this 
state of circumstances, Mr. Hatton returned to his constituents, 
with a sad heart and fearful forebodings for the future. Already 
had he caught the drift of public sentiment. With sorrow and 
mortification, he discovered that the hearts, as well as the heads, 
of the people were fast turning towards the great maelstrom of 
secession. In his great speech at Lebanon, unpreserved, except 
in the memories of those who heard it, he gave a faithful ac- 
count of his stewardship, while in Congress ; " and, also, a full 
history of the disunionists, North and South, to prevent a com- 
promise." He stated, " that the legislation of the 36th Con- 
gress, (whilst it was not every thing he wanted,) placed slavery 
upon higher ground than it had occupied for the previous 
twelve years ; that Congress had passed a resolution, to be in- 
serted as a part of the Constitution, that the Federal Govern- 
ment never should possess the power to interfere or meddle with 
slavery in the States, and that it had organized three Territo- 
ries, leaving the people of the South perfectly free to carry 
their slave property therein. North, as well as South of the 
line of 36:30, and be pi'otected in the enjoyment of the same." 
This speech was listened to with marked attention, and received 
the hearty approval of the Union men; hnt they did not now con- 
stitute all of his audience, much less, of his constituency. By 
others it was hissed at, whilst others still, received it with signifi- 
cant indifference. Well might he have exclaimed, " when the 
rabble hisses, the patriot may tremble." It was now that Mr. 
Hatton felt, that " the last link was broken." It was now that 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 351 

he felt his worst fears realized. It was now that he felt, that 
the oft-repeated couplet — symbol of strength and durability — 

"A union of hearts and a umon of hands, 
A Union that time can not sever," — 

was a delusive hope, but as " sounding brass and a tinkling 
cymbal," pleasing to the ear, but false to the heart. It was 
now that he felt impressed, that the great Government founded 
by Washington and the patriots of '76, around which, cluster 
so many memories of the Eevolution, had ceased to be ; that it 
was numbered among the things that were ; that the Constitution 
of the United States had been tossed among the arcana of the 
past, as but a curiosity for the future antiquary and the his- 
torian ; that the American Union — the mere mention of which 
name, was formerly greeted with applause, but was now be- 
come a hiss and a by -word with xlmericans — had been indeed, 
dissolved, and forever ! 

Thus impressed, and thus circumstanced, Mr. Hatton's course 
had been foreshadowed in his last letter from Washington, to 
his former preceptor and friend, Dr. Lindsley.=i^ He was no 
negative character; although he had despaired of the Union, 
and the Grovernment of our fathers, still he would make an 
effort to preserve the liberties of the people. The Northern 
States were responding to the Proclamation of Mr. Lincoln, 
calling for troops to suppress the rebellion, while the seceded 
States were preparing to repel coercion — a doctrine, to the 
South, as obnoxious, in fact, as it is false in theory. Being a 
Southern man, by education, by association, by feeling; and 
having been often honored and trusted by Southern people ; his 
family, his home, his all, being in the South, it was but natu- 
ral that he would cast his influence and fortunes with the 
people of the South. He did so. From this time forth, he 
ceases to speak, except by action. Being solicited to make a 
speech, he replied, " now 'is the time for action ; the time for 
sj)eaking has passed." 

* See letter to Dr. Llndsley, chapter VIII, page 319; also, reply, in his speech, on 
the organization of the House, to interrogatory of Hon. William H. Barksdale, of 
Mississippi, chapter VII, page 210; and speech " On the state of the Union," chapter 
IX, page 333. 



352 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

Having resolved upon his course, he went to worJv in earnest. 
He called for volunteers, and they responded promptly. En- 
listing a company, he was elected its Captain ; but a short time 
elapsed, until Capt. Hatton, with his company, marched to 
Camp Trousdale, Sumner County. Here, on the organization 
of the Seventh Tennessee Eegiment, he was elected its Colonel.* 
From the 26th of May, until about the middle of July, Colonel 
Hatton was busily engaged in arming, equipping, drilling, and 
otherwise preparing for the service. From this time on, we 
shall let him tell most of the story, as expressed in his letters 
to his wife, remarking, that some few very interesting letters 
have been misplaced, and can not now be produced. The fol- 
lowing is the first of the series of army letters : 

Nashville, Tenn., 

May 21, 1861. 
My Dear Sophie: — 

I drop you a line, simply to say, that I am very well. 
Stayed with my boys at the Fair Ground, last night ; felt very 
well this morning; think it will agree with me. Saw Balie 
this morning ; he is very well. Came from Sumner this morn- 
ing. Will go up to Lebanon soon. 

Sophie, I never knew what it was to feel badly, until yester- 
day morning. God bless you and the dear, sweet children, at 
home. "We go to the Sumner Camp, this evening — suits us, 

exactly. Can't write more. 

Yours, truly, 

, E. Hatton. 

Camp Trousdale, 

May 23, 1861. 
My Dear Sophie — 

I received your letter, of the 21st inst., the same day it 
was written. Though wearied, nearly to death, I opened it at 
once, saying to one of my officers : "You must attend to mat- 



* John F.Goodner, Lieiit.-Colonel ; John K. Howard, Major; R. C.Wright, Cap- 
tain Co. A; John A. Fite, Captain Co. B; James Baber, Captain Co. C; Monroe An- 
derson, Captain Co. D; Clint Douglas, Captain Co. E; Nathan Oakley, Captain Co. F; 
Samuel G. Sheperd, Captain Co. G; Wm. II. AVilliamson, Captain Co. H; Dr. An- 
thony, Captain Co. I; Thomas H. Bostick, Captain Co. K. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. ' 353 

tors, until I read my letter. I read part of it to my boys, 
which seemed greatly to please them. Sophie, it did me great 
good — comforted and quieted me. As I started off, I pressed it, 
over and over again, to my lips, and said, God bless her, and 
our dear ones at home. We were only one night in Nashville — 
was glad of it, though I felt sad at leaving home and friends. 
Mary, and Mrs. Frazer and children, came out to see us, on 
Tuesday — the only time I saw her. She looked cheerful, and 
seemed in good health. * * * ^^Q changed our 
camping ground, to-day. Are encamped — one thousand men — 
our regiment — on high ground, near plenty of water. Have 
plenty to eat. Our men are comfortably clothed. A noble set 
of fellows, too, are they. My company is conceded to be the 
best in the crowd. They are perfectly devoted to me, seeming 
to have a real affection for me — treat me as a father. I will be 
true to them. "Will act on your suggestions. 

I will be Colonel of the regiment; so the boys say. I don't 
know. Am not doing one thing to secure it. Going to see 
what will be done. H. and G. are both aspirants, and striving 
to get the place. Can beat both. 

Say to father and mother, that I am going to be quiet and 
steady, and will strive to return home, free from all the vices of 
camp life. Your idea of the kind of conversation becoming 
me is excellent — is being practiced on. Write often to me. 

Kiss the dear children for pa, and believe me, as ever. 

Yours, etc., 

E. Hatton. 



Nashville, May 28, 1861. 
Dear Wife: — 

Came here last night, for arms for my regiment, and 
have nearly run my feet off, to-day. Will not get away before 
morning, General Anderson says. We are now under strict 
militaiy law; and, in all my movements, I am subject to the 
commands of my General, just as my officers are subject to me. 
My election was unanimous. The regin^ent seem delighted 
23 



354 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

with their Colonel — say so, any how. My friends, here, are 
much pleased at my promotion, in a military line.^^ 

If I can, I will visit Lebanon, before we leave our camp. 
You will come to the camp, with the other ladies? Love and 
kisses to the children. 

God bless you, my wife. 

E. Hatton. 



"St. Cloud," Nashville, 

May 29, 18G1. 
Dear Wife: — 

Have just stepped in to dinner. Avail mj'self a mo- 
ments' rest, to say, God bless " the dear ones at home." I trust 
you are still all well. I am well, but more nearly worn down 
than even in the worst period of my Gubernatorial canvass. 
Have slept, until last night, scarcely any, since I left Lebanon. 
Last night, I came in to supper, a few minutes before the gong 
rang ; went into my room, to rest a moment, and lay down, 
with cap, boots and all, on ; dropped asleep, and did not wake 
up until 12 o'clock — midnight! So, I got some sleep by acci- 
dent. Am still working hard, getting up my arms, which 
General Anderson is leaving to myself I send out muskets 
first, but am to have rifles, in a few days. Am collecting them 
as fast as possible. General Anderson says I must not leave 
until I have them all fixed up. 

I wanted to go up home. ; but they would not hear to m3' 
going — seem to think I am the whole dependence of the regi- 

* The following paragi"iph is from the LaGrange (Texas) True Issue, of June, 18G1, 
then conducted by the -nriter hereof: 

"Hon. Robert Hatton.— We learn, from private correspondence, that this gentle- 
man, late a member of the United States Ck)ngress from Tennessee, and who was, not 
long since, burnt in efligy, at Lebanon, for his extreme ' Union' proclivities, has lately 
been elected Colonel of a regiment of Volunteers, from Middle Tennessee, and is now 
on camp service, with his men, at Camp Trousdale, on or near the line between that 
State and Kentucky. We predict for Col. Hatton, a glorious career in battling for 
the rights of the South, and especially for his adopted State. We are well ac- 
quainted with him and the oflicers, and many of the men under his command, and 
feel confident that a more gallant and chivalric body of men, never battled for the 
cause of human freedom. We wish them a triumphant victory in every engagement, 
and all the glory that entwines about the brows of the brave, when the battle is 
over." 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 355 

ment. Am complimented by what they say, but find it weari- 
some to the flesh, to do all expected of me. 

When am I to see you, and our children? God bless and 
guard you all, is my pi'ayer, morning, noon and night. 

Yours, affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

Nashville, 

May 31, 5 o'clock^ v. m. 
Dear "Wife: — 

Am just off for camp — tired, nearly out of my life. Am 
getting my boys well armed with Mississippi rifles — the best 
gun in the service. Am very well, eat hearty, and sleep sound. 
May Grod bless you, my dear wife, and keep you and ours from 
all harm ; and may we live to spend years of quiet life, in 

Lebanon. 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

Oh! could he have looked down the vista of the future, just 
one year and two hours from the hour the above note was 
written! The sanguinary field of the Seven Pines, counted 
among the slain, him who breathed the above prayer, but who 
was doomed to see wife and home, no more! 

Camp Trousdale, 

June 2, 1861. 
Dear Wife: — 

Got here, Friday night just before day, from Nashville. 
Found Eeilly — God bless his sweet little heart — sleeping 
soundly in Bostick's tent. He waked up, and seemed delighted 
to see me. Said the men were mighty kind to him, etc. He is 
a great pet with the men — all of them paying him great atten- 
tion. I think he is very happy. Said, to-day, he wanted to 
see ma, mighty bad. Will be willing to go home, in a short 
time. 

I go this evening, again, to Nashville, to see about getting up 
my guns. I am terribly troubled about it. Am made Agent- 
General, for all the regiment. Will be back at camp, to-morrow, 



356 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

I trust. When will you come up here? Come over, and make 
Em. Peyton come along with you. My duties keejD me contin- 
ually engaged — hardly time to eat. Got my supper, last night, 
at 10 o'clock. Have time to write no more. Love to all. 
Affectionately, your husband, 

E. Hatton. 

Nashville, June 3, 1861. 
Dear Wife: — 

Came here, last night, at 9:30 o'clock. Am on a gun 
hunt — have not completed the arming of my regiment. Will 
do so, I trust, to-day and to-morrow. Left Reilly at camp, 
under care of the ichole regiment, Jerry, Mr. Bostick, and Capt. 
Baber, in particular. He promised me to be a good boy, and 
say his prayers before he went to bed, and be particular about 
interfering with anybody's camp, etc. He is a noble little fel- 
low, and would soon become a perfect regiment pet — all hands, 
officers and men, being exceedingl}^ kind to him. 

Have got no horse, beside the black mare, yet. Fear I shall 
be troubled in getting one. She is now in fine condition, and is 
being used by General Zollicoffer. 

I thank you, my dear wife, for your many long and kind 
letters. I have never read letters from you — since our courting 
days — with more interest and pleasure. :¥■ ^- ^ ^ 
Afi'ectionately, your husband, 

R. Hatton. 

Camp Trousdale, 

June 6, 1861. 
My Dear Wipe : — 

My engagements here seem to multiply, rather than 
diminish. I have, reallj', no time for myself — somebody or 
something, all the time, demanding my attention. I have not 
known, before, what it was to be really icorked down. Here in 
camps, a dozen things at a time, seem to require my attention. 
The time I have spent at Nashville afforded me scared}' more 
of rest. Enough of my labors. I mention them, simply, as in 
some sort, an apology for my failure to promptly answer your 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 357 

many kind and interesting lettei's. Fll do the best I can. You 
have been, Sophie, exceedingly kind in writing to me. Never 
have your letters been read with so much interest. I am thank- 
ful to you for them. I was glad to hear that your sick were 
getting better. Hope Judy may not continue sick on your 
hands. Bettie, poor thing, I suppose, will not last long. 

Eeilly is doing finely — in good health, and seemingly de- 
lighted with the life he leads here. He sleeps like a log. He 
willingly obeys all I say to him. He knelt down, night-before- 
last, by me, to say his prayers ; and, as the sweet little fellow's 
voice fell on my ear, home, wife — all that is nearest and dearest 
to me on earth, was, in imagination, before me. I pressed my 
hand on his head, and blessed him, the tears running over and 
down my face. 

God bless and preserve you. 

Yours affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

Head-Quarters, Camp Trousdale, 

June 12, 1861. 
Dear Wife: — 

I saw Mr. Barry, this morning; and he said Reilly and 
Balie had been at his house, four days. I was astonished to 
hear it, and fear you have been uneasy about him. 

I am "busy as a bee," from day to night — most of the time. 
from night to day. It is however, agreeing with me very well, 
as my appetite is good, and I sleep — while at it — soundly. 

Crowds, from Wilson, visit our camp, almost daily. Almost 
everybody, it seems, has been here — everybody, except my 
wife. It may be best for you not to come ; but it is hai*d that 
every one should see their folks, but me. Many have gone 
home, neglecting — some of them — their duty here. Hundreds 
are begging, daily, to go, and I am forced to refuse them. 
Hence, I cannot go off, except on business, strictly of the regi- 
ment, without great complaint. So long as I stay away from 
home, I can, in some measure, control the men. I have not, 
before, in my life, known what care and labor was. Am now 
responsible for the order and exercises of sixty companies — 
six thousand men — having entire command of Camp Trousdale. 



358 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

My position is that of Senior Colonel, which, in General Zolli- 
coffer's absence, makes me Commander, in his place. I bear 
the honor as quietly and as modestly as possible. * * <^ I 
am going to guard my mind and heart, if possible, to return 
better than I left you. May your j^rayers aid me, my wife. 

My regiment is improving in health — doing well. A nobler 
set of fellows are not anywhere to be found. Am greatly at- 
tached to them — think most of them are, to me. Shall strive to 
deserve their respect and confidence. 

I sent the candy by G-reen White. Hope it went safely. 



Love to all. In haste. 



Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 



Camp Trousdale, 

June 14, 1861. 
My Dear Wife : — 

11 o'clock, p. M. — Thomas Norman is going home in the 
morning, and I avail myself of the of)portunity to acknowledge 
the receipt of your letter, giving account of Reilly's arrival in 
Lebanon. What does Reilly say about coming back to camp? 
He was a great favorite, here ; his presence afforded me great 
pleasure ; God bless his little heart ! what would I not give to 
have him Ij'ing in my tent, now. Tell him, pa has two large 
tents to himself, now; sleeps in one by himself; have a cot 
that makes me quite comfortable. I invite none of the numer- 
ous visitors to our encampment, to sleep in my tent ; have to 
be alone, in order to attend to my business. 

My regiment was ordered, yesterday, to be ready to march 
at a moment's warning, with forty-eight hours' provisions 
cooked, and in our haversacks. The order created a great stir 
amongst the boys ; nearly all of them seemed delighted at the 
prospect of active service. Our preparations were all made, 
for marching, when General Anderson, by special messenger, 
informed me, that he would not move us just now — counter- 
manding the marching orders. We arc doing, now, very well, 
the health of the regiment being greatly improved since we got 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 359 

to the new encampment. My own health is excellent — better 
than usual; eat heartily, and sleej) soundly — when I get a 
chance to sleep at all. My duties are new and onei-ous ; am at 
the head of the largest military force ever assembled in Ten- 
nessee ; you can well imagine the sense of responsibility I ex- 
perience. Am doing my duty without fear or affection — deter- 
mined to let consequences take care of themselves, so that duty 
is discharged. 

Mrs. P was here to day ; returned by the evening train 

to Gallatin ; she gave me a good deal of Lebanon news. From 
all accounts, you are having any amount of spirited discussion 
and gossip in our town. Don't permit any ill-natured thing 
you may hear of me, trouble you. The disappointed and en- 
vious icill talk. There are such people in Lebanon ! 

Am not reading up to the task I had assigned to myself — the 
number of chapters in the Bible, I mean. Have really been 
so completely worn out, that I could not. It is now late ; the 
camp is almost as quiet as a grave-yard. Good-night, my dear 
wife; may God guard and protect you, and our dear ones at 

home. 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

Head-Quarters, Camp Trousdale, 

June 15, 1861. 
My Dear Wipe : — 

Major Howard and Captain "Williamson are going to 
Lebanon, this evening. I drop a line to acknowledge receipt of 
yours of the — , in which you give me, among other things, an 

account of Mrs. & Co's doings. All right ; you are acting 

just as you should. Don't ajDpear to notice their conduct; pity 
them, as I do, for their weakness and folly, and pass it all over. 
By so doing, you will preserve your dignity, and administer to 
them a wholesome rebuke. Don't let them see that jovl notice 
but what all is right. *>!<*♦** 
I am very well — as well as I have been for ten years ; I thank 
God that he is thus kind to me, for the sake of those I love ; 
that I may yet do some good for my country and species. 



360 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

For the pictures sent me, I thank you. Was expecting the 
"group;" can't you send it to me? You cannot know, unless 
you were situated as I am, how to value such things. 
Good-bye, and may God bless you and ours. 

Aftcctionately, 

E. Hatton. 

Head-Quarters, Camp Trousdale, 

June 18, 1861. 
Dear Wife : — 

Wrote you yesterday — say "howdy" this evening. Am 
very well ; every thing getting on well — very well. Boys drill- 
ing finely ; a nobler set of fellows never set their tents ; my of- 
ficers are gentlemen, with whom I have most friendly, social 
intercourse. The air is really cold — so cold, that I hastened 
out of my cot, at daylight, to go out to a log-fire in the rear of 
my tent. 

May God, in his tender mercies, bless and guard you and 
ours, and may we again be gathered safely into the family 

group. 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

Camp Trousdale, 

June 21, 1861. 
My Dear Wife: — 

Got my pocket-book yesterday evening ; also the clipping 
from the Bulletin. Eeturn the clij)ping to you ; thank you. 

Father left last evening ; he was not at all well, and, I fear, 
did not enjoy his visit to camp ; he looked sick. Having slept 
but little the night before, I was jjarticularly dull myself; so, I 
fear, his impressions were not favorable. Was very glad to see 
him ; he told me a good deal about home, etc., which was very 
interesting to me. * * sJj Circumstances will not 

justify any but necessary expenses; I will certainly have to pay 
the whole of the Barry debt. So far from his having any 
means out of which to pay me, he will not be able to pay for 
the land at all. Hard, but can't be helped. 

Wo arc getting on very well ; except for the measles and 



LIFE OF GENERAL BOBERT HATTON. 361 

mumps, our men would be in fine health. So far as my regi- 
ment is concerned, there is perfect order and discipline. Gen- 
erally, too, the men are cheerful and haj)py ; some men would 
complain anywhere, and under any circumstances. * * 

Was greatl}^ relieved to hear that the children were all well 
once more. Kiss them for pa a dozen times apiece ; take good 
care of yourself; be happy and cheerful. May God bless and 
preserve you all, is my prayer. 

Aifectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

Camp Trousdale, 

June 30, 1861. 
Dear Sophie : — 

I am about starting for Nashville ; go by order of Gen- 
eral Zollicoffer, to procure Ordnance Stores, and to make some 
arrangement for the more complete outfit of my regiment. 
The probabilities are, that it will be moved to some point. East 
or West, at an early day, and the General wants it thoroughly 
furnished in every respect; hence, his order to me, to repair to 
the city, and attend, in person, to its equipment. He j)aid me 
a great compliment, for what he characterized as my zeal and 
ability in the drill and general government of my regiment, 
and said he looked exclusively to me, to see that my men were 
completely furnished. To avoid going to Nashville, last week, 
I got him to send Lieut.-Col. Goodner. * jK :{c 

If I had known that I was to go to ISTashville, on yesterday, 
I would have sent you word to have met me there. I go this 
evening, to return, perhaps, to-morrow evening. Am ordered 
to return as soon as I am furnished with the articles for which 
I go. Think it possible I will go and come back, to return 
towards the last of the week. If so, I will write you to come 
down. Will you ? Of course you will. 

I got your long and interesting letter, sent by Mart. Cartmell, 
last evening, while at dress parade. Stood still, in front of it,, 
and read it through. Your account of Eeilly's adventures with 
the chickens and the calf's tail, his sore foot, covering potato 
plants, etc., interested me gi'eatly. Love to all. 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 



362 life of general robert hatton. 

Camp Trousdale, 

July 8, 1861. 
Dear Wife : — 

Am just starting to Nashville ; ordered there by General 
Zollicoffer, on business of our brigade.* Was apprised that I 
was to go, only just a few minutes since. Will be there most 
likely, until day after to-morrow morning, 9 o'clock, at which 
hour, the cars start for this place. I will send this bj^ some of 
the Wilson people, who go home this evening. My particular 
object in this, is, to say, come down to Nashville, to-morrow, to 
see me ; we can spend a few hours together. Fear that I shall 
not be able to get to Lebanon soon ; so you must not fail to 
come to Nashville, to-morrow; stop at the St. Cloud Hotel; I 
may not stop there, myself, but will keep a watch out for you, 
and will come there on your arrival. I suppose you will not 
be able to get down more comfortably, than in the stage. Don't 
fail, darling, to come. Can write no more ; in great haste. 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

Nashville, July 8, 1861. 
Dear Sophie : — 

I wrote the enclosed before leaving the camp, hoping 
that I would certainly have an oj)portunity to send it to you. 
I failed, there being for the first time, for weeks, no one going 
across to Lebanon. One of the boys leave in the morning, on 
the stage. I write by him, to urge you not to fail to get ready, 
at once, and come to-morrow evening, as I will not be able to 
stay here longer than to-morrow — possibly, next day. 

I will be at the St. Cloud, waiting for you, when the stage 
arrives. The driver has promised me — have just been on hunt 
of him — to stop, as he goes in to-morrow morning, and see this 
delivered. 

It is probable that I will not be here again for a long time — 
perhaps, not at all, before going away. So, come, certainly. 

* First Tennessee Brigade, comprising the First, Colonel Maney's; the Seventh, 
Colonel Hatton's, and the Fourteenth, Colonel Forbes' Tennessee Regiments. Gen- 
eral S. R. Anderson, of Nashville, commanded the brigade, iintil succeeded by 
General llatton. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 363 

Had you not better bring all the children ? I think so ; never 
wanted to see them more. Love to all ; in haste. 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

Nashville, 11 o'clock, p. m., 

July 9, 1861. 
Dear Sophie: — 

I have not, in my life, felt more disappointed, than I was 
this evening, when the stage drove up to the St. Cloud, and you 
were not in it. I had not even considered of the possibility of 
your not coming. Though I put up at the Commercial Hotel, 
I went at dinner, to-day, to the St. Cloud, and engaged rooms 
for you, telling the Proprietor you would be down in the eve- 
ning stage. Half-an-hour before sun-set, I went round to the 
St. Cloud, and seated myself on the pavement, to watch for the 
stage, telling a number of gentlemen who were seated there, 
that my wife was coming down on the stage. When it came in 
sight, I jumped up, and stood on the corner of the pavement, 
to get a glimpse of you and the childi^en, as you came up, to 
be ready to welcome you. Imagine, Sophie, my disappoint- 
ment ! I asked the driver, where you were, not thinking but 
that you A acZ come. He said, "she didn't come," and turned 
away, to scold at his horses. Some fellow in the stage, whom I 
didn't know, pulled out your note to the stage-driver, and 
handed it to me. I opened and read it — " say to Mr. Hatton, I 
got his letter too late to go down to day. All well at home. 
Eespectfully, S. K. Hatton." I turned off to attempt to explain 
to my companions why you didn't come. The fools laughed 
at my evident chagrin ; those more polite, expressed regret at 
my disappointment. 

Sophie, why didn't you come ? I impressed it upon the bearer 
of my note, to be certain and stop the stage, and deliver it, 
as he went in, that you might get it, not "too late" for you 
to fix and come down, by to-day's stage. Saw the driver 
of the stage, and made him promise to stop, and see that my 
note was certainly delivered. Wasn't it? Am afraid that no 
other ojiportunity so good, will i^resent itself Part of my 



364 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

business here (this is private, and not to be repeated — a military 
secret,) was, to confer about the condition of our forces, and as 
to the propriety of doing certain things — whether we should be 
moved off, etc. My conference was not concluded until to- 
night. Have been with the Major-General, since supper, until 
a half hour ago. The probabilities all are, that my i-egiment 
will be moved very shortly. (This you are to keep to yourself.) 
Harris and Anderson are both in favor of sending me off; and 
this being so, I will be pretty certain to go. It may be, in three 
days. It will certainly be determined to-morrow. You can 
imagine, then, my feelings at your not coming. From, perhaps, 
too great a desire to fully discharge the duties of my station, I 
have stuck to my camp like a slave, never leaving it, except 
when I left by order of my commanding G-eneral, on business. 
Hence, I have not been to Lebanon. Had I gone, hundreds of 
others, who could not get permission to leave, and who have 
submitted to their confinement with comparative cheerfulness, 
would have been dissatisfied and insubordinate. I have had all 
to do in the discij)line and drill of my regiment. Have had a 
painful and responsible duty upon me. Have tried to rise equal 
to the station — overcome those difiiculties in my way — antici- 
pate and prevent others. Have succeeded beyond my expecta- 
tions. In doing it, have I created the impression on your mind, 
that I have stayed awaj'^, when I might have gone to Lebanon? 
I might have gone — every week. Would it have been best? If 
so, I regret that I did not, as it has deprived me of much 
pleasure, and increased the sum of labors performed. 

The general order now, is, that no ofiicer or man, shall, except 
for sickness, on the recommendation of the Surgeon, go from 
camps, unless sent by the Commander of the Encampent, on 
business thereof I can't^ then, for the present, go to Lebanon, 
without running off. "Was tempted to get a buggy, and go to- 
night. But it would have been in violation of orders. Hence, I 
did not. Had business, on which I could have stayed to-morrow, 
had you come down. As you did not, I asked, and got orders 
to return to camps in the morning. I go on the morning train. 
Go, blue — with heavy heart. "Well, I, no doubt, deserve to be 
so. Have had too smooth and pleasant a path — too much sun- 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 365 

shine. We see best, when the sun is not too bright. *As with 
the eye, so with the mind and heart. Well. 

Love and kisses to the dear little children. May God, in His 
infinite mercy and goodness, guard and bless you and our chil- 
dren, and all our relations and friends. May we be spared to 
meet again. 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 
3Irs. S. K. Hatton, 

But a few days elapsed, after the writing of this letter, until 
Col. Hatton's regiment received orders to march. Leaving 
Camp Trousdale, it j^roceeded to Virginia, via Nashville, Chat- 
tanooga, Knoxville, etc. From Chattanooga, Col. Hatton wrote 
one letter home ; from Knoxville, he wrote two or three ; all of 
which have been mislaid, and cannot now be produced. The 
next letter we have, is from Yirginia. It is as follows : 



Bristol, Va., July 22, 1861. 
Dear Sophie: — 

Am on the eve of starting, with my regiment, for Lynch- 
burg, en route for — don't know certainly, where — Manassas or 
Winchester. Winchester is high up in the State, near to Mary- 
land and Pennsylvania, where Johnston is in command. We 
will be stopped at Manassas, if needed there. If not, will be 
sent on to Winchester. The news by telegraph, this evening, 
is, that our forces are triumphant at Manassas — the Federal 
troops routed completely. Our boys are, generally, well — some 
cases of measles still making their appearance. John and I are 
both well. John ate a big dinner at the hotel, here, to-day. 
Seemed to enjoy it hugely. Jerry is doing finely — is the best 
nigger in camps. Does all I would have him to do, and that 
without telling. Nathan, I fear, is taking measles — is com- 
plaining. Horses doing well. The black mare, a regiment 
pet. 

Wrote you, yesterday, from Knoxville; also, day before. 
Have no time to write more. 

God bless you, my wife. Kiss our babies for pa, and say to 



366 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

them, be good and be happy. Love to father, and mother, and 
Mary, and Balie, and all. 

Affectionately, your husband, 

E. Hatton. 



Charlottesville, Va., 

July 24, 1861. 
Dear Wipe : — 

Got hero, this morning, from Lynchburg, on our wa}- to 
Staunton. Our destination has been changed since yesterday. 
The rout of the Federal forces at Manassas, turns us off toward 
Monterey, Ya., toward which McClellan's forces seem to be ad- 
vancing. Don't believe it. Think he will retreat precipi- 
tately, toward the Ohio river. To go after him, is now the only 
chance for a fight, in Virginia. Our boys are greatly distressed 
that they missed the fight at Manassas. lam. "We see a great 
number of the sick and wounded, from Manassas, here — some 
dead. Almost every house in the place is full of sick or 
wounded. The defeat of Lincoln's men has been utter — a most 
brilliant victory for our forces. 

The health of my men is good — very few sick. Are eager to 
see service. Will have to foot it from Staunton. This will 
quiet them. 

My regiment is going on ahead of the balance of the brigade. 
Brigadier and all are behind us. Are taking care of ourselves, 
the best we can. General Anderson, Cols. Maney and Forbes, 
will follow, in a few days. 

The train is ready to go. Good-bj^e, and may God bless and 
guard you, my dear wife and chidren, and all. 

E. Hatton. 

Staunton, Va., July 30, 1861. 
My Dear "Wife: — 

I got your long letter, of the 23d, enclosing one from 
mother, last night. They both afforded me much pleasure. 
Thank you, Sophie, for jowv kindness. Jerry and I, after 
reading the letters, had a long talk about home and home folks. 
He affords me great amusement with his talk. He is a great 



LIFE or GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 367 

favorite in the regiment. Is really as good a servant as ever 
was. Has more sense than any negro in the regiment — there 
are some forty — and is as faithful to me as ever one person could 
be to another. Nathan is getting well of the measles. Was 
not very sick. John is very well. He and I had a talk of 
home, last evening — good for ns both. He is taking things 
very quietly. Have not known a boy j)ossessed of so much 
philosophy. Is remarkable for his cleanliness. Beats the 
Colonel of his regiment. I am getting quite indifferent about 
my dress. My clothes are, necessarily, much abused. Jerry 
does a good deal of brushing. Still, they keep dirty. 

The tilly — black mare — is doing finely. Stands the trip bet- 
ter than any of the horses — much better. Is fat and sleek. 
The boys all seem attached to her, and call her all sorts of pet 
names. My ball horse is a fine and spirited animal, but has not 
the stamina of the mare. 

Eeilly had better not join the company for the present, 'till 
pa gets home. One out of the family is enough to bear arms, 
especially as he is not ten years old yet. Am obliged to him 
for his good opinion of my military qualities. He will no doubt 
beat me, when he gets up to manhood. Bless his little soul, he 
is much of an idol with me. "Many" must come "next time," 
tell her. Em. next. You speak only of my letter from Chat 
tanooga. I wrote to you three times, from Knoxville, once from 
Bristol, once from Lynchburg, and once from Charlottesville. 
Hope you may receive them. 

We go on the train to Millboro' in a few minutes ; thence to 
Huntersville. Gen. Lee, (Maj Gen. R. E. Lee,) is here going 
on to take charge of the expedition. Our command will con- 
sist of some twenty to twenty -five thousand men. It is rejiort- 
ed this morning, that Gov. Wise is retreating in this direction. 
We will stop him, and put him to going forward again. Lee 
says, we will run Lincoln's men into the Ohio. Have no un- 
easiness about me more than you can avoid. For the sake of 
those who have claims, high and sacred, upon me, I shall take 
all possible precaution to avoid unnecessary exposure, trusting 
to good luck to get me safely to the end of the service. Yoiu* 
picture and the children's is kept on top in the trunk, where I, 



3G8 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

John and Jerry have a good chance at them. I think they are 
excellent. Now, love to you all once more. May God bless and 
guard you, and keep you as in the hollow of his hand. 
Your affectionate husband, 

E. Hatton. 
3Irs. S. K. JIatton, Lebanon, Tenn, 

"Warm Springs, Y a., August 1, 1861. 
Dear Sophie: — 

On yesterday, my regiment moved from IVlillboro', in di- 
rection of this place, and camped on the side of the mountain. 
The baggage was carried in waggons, the men traveling on 
foot. For the first time, I slept out doors, without even a tent. 
Laid down under a tree and slept until about 3^ o'clock this 
morning, when I was awakened by the rain falling in my face. 
Got up, and hallooed to the boys to get up and prepare for 
rain. vSome of them pulled their tents out of their wagons and 
set them. Others concluded, as I did, to take it. It rained for 
two and a half hours as hard as I ever saw it — perfect torrents 
running through our encampment, sweeping tin pans, cups, etc., 
into the river below. The boys bore it cheerfully ; laughing 
and shouting, said they would " not longer be troubled with 
dust." In the midst of a thunder storm they buckled on their 
knapsacks, shouldered their guns and took to the road. We 
got to this point at from 12 m. to 2h o'clock, p. m., the train be- 
ing a long one. Our road led over Warm Spring mountain — one 
of the AUeghanies — a distance of some six miles from one foot of 
the mountain to the other. I walked over, giving my hoi'se to 
a man who cari-ied the guns of several of the boys. The road 
was good enough, except for the mud which made it heavy. 
The scenery was truly sublime — have seen none to compare to 
it. This is among the celebrated Summer resorts of Virginia. 
The water is said to be suj)crior in medicinal properties. The 
baths are splendid — temperature 98° Far. The boys have been 
luxuriating for two hours. Two hundred of them ate a late 
dinner at the hotel, — which is large and elegant — handsomely 
and fashionably furnished. To-morrow we go from this resort 
of fashion, across another mountain toward Huntersville. Wo 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 369 

are seeing in all its reality, the life of a soldier. The baggage 
is cut down so, that a single wagon carries all belonging to a 
whole company. Meat and bi'ead, pickled pork and bread, 
coffee and sugar, is our ration. More of this again. 

The Fedei'alists are said to be falling back. AYe will join 
Col. Lee, of IS". C, at Elk Mountain. Thence we will go to- 
wards Grafton. We will drive them out of Western Virginia. 

John is very well. I took his gun from him and brought it 
all the way over the mountain. I am well. Shall sleep soundly 
to-night. Love to all. G-od bless you. 

Affectionately, 

R. Hatton. 

Big Spring, Va., August 12, 1861. 
Dear Sophie: — 

A messenger from Gen. Loring, on his way from the top 
of the mountain to Huntersville, has just rode up and informed 
me he would carry anything I desired to send to the office. 
He is eating supper, and I am at my tent door, to say I am well. 
Regret to say, however that our men are suffering to-day more 
than for a month past. Have on sick list this evening, over 
seventy cases of sickness. Three days ago, our morning re- 
port showed only ten unfit for duty. It is caused by excessive, 
continued rains, flooding our camp, wetting the men and every 
thing in their tents. Another cause is, they are fed almost ex- 
clusivel}', on fresh beef, and that witli not half enough salt. I 
pray God to preserve my boys, with more earnestness than I 
ever prayed for anything. From my inmost heart I pity the 
poor fellows who are subjects of disease in camps. I trust all 
will be better again in a few days. 

John is in perfect health; Jerry is well, and most all the Leb- 
anon companies. The messenger is waiting. Good bye. God 
bless you. 

R. Hatton. 

Big Spring, Ya., August 14, 1861. 
My Dear "Wife : — 

We have Winter on us, this morning. The rain has ceased, 

at least, temporarily, and the wind is blowing as cold as is 

24 



370 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

usual in Tennessee in November. Have not known a more 
sudden change in temperature. Yesterday, it was raining and 
warm. In the evening, growing cokl, but continuing to rain ; 
by midnight, it was so cold that I got up and piled on top of 
my cot, all my coats and pants, to keep from getting cold. Am, 
however, not distressed at the change. If it will only not rain 
again for two weeks, we will get along pretty well. The cold 
is hard on us at night, but not so bad as the protracted rains 
that we have had now for two weeks. 

I wrote you a line, last night, by Gen. Loring's messenger. 
He was so hurried, however, I could only sa}'; I was getting 
along as usual — John and I well. I said the Lebanon boys, 
most of them, were well. On reflection, there is not a sick one 
among them, either officers or men. I have been singularly 
blessed with health. Have not missed a moment's duty on ac- 
count of sickfiess, since I left home. Scarcely any man in the 
regiment has been half as much exposed — been so continually 
employed — none have enjoyed better health. John, too, has done 
remarkably well. Has not missed scarcely an hour's duty — is 
rosy and cheerful — spent a good part of yesterday, reading a 
novel in my tent. Is as quiet as ever. No better boy, or soldier 
on the continent. Jerry is as careful to take care of his things, 
as if they were his own. Talks to me often about " Massa 
Johny ;" says he " thinks as much of him as if he was kin" to 
him. Jei-ry himself, is the most faithful creature I have ever 
known. Have not si^oken unkindly or sharply to him twice 
since we left home — not at all, I believe — have had no occasion to 
do so. Occasionally I praise and compliment him, which makes 
him show hrs ivories, and spring with additional cheerfulness 
to his work. Had a long talk with him last night, after I came 
in to retire, about home, &c. He interests me greatly. Na- 
than is well again. Has had a hard time of it. He is a better 
servant than I thought him. Jerry superintends him and keeps 
him in the traces. He requests me to send his best wishes " to 
all the folks at home," and to say howdy to Eeilly. • 

I thought I would have time to write you at length this morn- 
ing, but am interrupted by a call requiring my immediate at- 
tention. And as a wagoner is going off this morning, I will 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 371 

close, and take the chances for another opportunity to continue 
my letter. God bless and preserve you all. 

Afifectionatelj'-, 

E. Hatton. 



Big Spring, Ya., August IG, 1861 
Dear Sophie: — 

Have just been looking at my pictures. The sun has, at 
last, again apj)eared. In order to dry the ground under my 
tent, I struck it to-day, opened my trunks and box, took out my 
clothes and s]»read them upon the ground to air. Some of 
them were moulded, and needed airing. For an hour or more, 
after dinner, I have been sitting down on my tent cloth, in the 
sun, looking over letters, etc. My pictures^were before me, and 
have been looked at twice — the last time, for a half hour. 
Looked at them until I could see myself at home again, in the 
midst of those dearer to me than life, surrounded by warm 
hearts and loving eyes. Closed my eyes that the vision might 
not be broken. Looked, until I rose to get my pen and paper 
to write again. I wrote yesterday, and the five preceding days, 
to you, although, as I wrote, I have not heard from home, ex- 
cept through letters received by others, since 27th of July. 
Have concluded it is best to keep writing, and perchance, some 
of my letters may get to you, and be answered. Eeilly and 
Many — say to them — are neglecting pa, in not writing to him. 
Neither has written to me since I left home. Aunt Mary would 
do the writing for them, wouldn't she ? Father, mother, and 
sister Mary, and Balie could, together, write a letter occasion- 
ally. Couldn't they? I am not scolding at all ; not a bit of it. 
Only asking a question. Enough of this. 

Gen. Anderson is absent, to-day, and has left the camp in 
my charge, as Brigadier. Since finishing the oj)posite page, I 
have written a dispatch to Gen. Loring, in answer to one from 
him, assuring him that our Brigade would be ready to move at 
any moment it receives the word from Head-quarters. Our 
only trouble is, want of provisions. Without provisions, our 
Generals are afraid to go forward. The roads are so bad it is 



372 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

nearly rtnpossible to get along in many places, with even an 
empty wagon. 

Gen. Lee has a son encamped with oui* Brigade. He is Ma- 
jor of Cavalry. A fine looking, and spirited man. Looks 
nearly as old as his father. Not so fine looking as his father, 
however. Has spent part of to-day at my tent. Is highly edu- 
cated; full of Virginia pride — a Virginian in manner, and 
bearing. Gen. Lee, is, you know, the son of " Lightfoot Har- 
ry Lee," Washington's pet, in the devolution. His family, 
therefore, is of royal extraction, and hence, my particularity in 
references to them. Characters of historic interest. The moth- 
er of this Major, was the granddaughter of Mrs. George Wash- 
ington. 

Do you think me wanting in something to write about ? 
Have not been before more scarce of material. Indeed, when 
one has written so often as I have, not getting a letter in return, 
the writing sj)irit is gone. Just here, then, give me credit for 
an honest effort to do the best possible, I can, under the circum- 
stances. -'^ * '■' * His, (John's,) mess 
have been blessed with health. There is no better mess in the 
•army — temperate, spirited, noble fellows. One great matter is, 
they are careful to keep clean. I had a fine joke on John and 
Zack Thompson, a day or two since. Will not tell on them 
now. Zack has done as well as any boy in the regiment. Has 
scarcely missed a drill, or failed in the performance of any 
duty. His mother manifested great anxiety about him, while 
at Camp Trousdale. Say to her, he will take care of himself, 
notwithstanding his youth. Wharton, of the same mess, I have 
made my Orderly. Does my writing, making rejiorts, etc. 
Andrew Allison is really fat — a fine looking, and as good a sol- 
dier, as the regiment has. Lcroy Settle takes to all the labors 
of the camp most kindly, making a number one soldier. He 
and Johnnie are as fond of reading as ever. Are quite alike in 
several respects. Have spoken thus pai'ticularly of John's 
mess, for his mother's benefit. Her bo}^ is most pleasantly and 
fortunatcl}^ situated. * ='^ * * * 

Would that I could look in upon j-ou all, assembled — father 
mother, Mary, Balie — you and the children, Eeilly, Many, and 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 373 

the baby — around the table, or seated around the fire. Fire? 
Yes, that's what I've written. Did it most naturally, too. How ? 
I'll explain. We are on the most elevated section of Ya. Not 
on top of the mountain, but the plane on which we are en- 
camped is, itself, above the topsof partof the Alleghany Moun- 
tain. We have not descended scarcely at all, since we came up 
the Alleghany range. At least, have ascended, as much as we 
have descended, or nearly so. The wind blows like winter. 
Ice was abundant yesterday moi'ning, a large frost covering the 
ground. To keep at all comfortable, we have had to build 
large log fires, and keep close to them, morning and evening. 
It IS now 10 o'clock, a. m., and I still have my heavy over-coat 
on. The idea of your getting about the fire was, then natural. 
We have had nothing like floors in our tents since we left Camp 
Trousdale. Take it on the ground. The water has, several 
times, run through my tent — once, to the depth of six inches. 
Will all be nothing when we get used to it. Trust it may not 
be with any of us, as it was with the man who taught his horse 
to do withoiit eating. I wrote this to be sent by our Commis- 
sary, who goes to Huntersville this morning, for provisions. 
He will mail it there. It leaves me sitting in my tent door, 
looking at the boys drill their companies on the hill-side. At 
least, while I write they are at it in full view of me. My letter 
is called for. My love to all the family — children, darkies and 
all. Jerry and ITathan say, send their "respects to all the 
folks." Cood bye, and may God guard you and ours, from all 

harm. 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

Big Spring, Ya., 

August IS, 1861. 
Mr Dear Wife: — 

I have got a letter from home at last. Yours of the 4th 

Inst., was received yesterday evening. To-morrow, "Ijike'' 

Stewart, (he is connected with Gen. Anderson's Stafl',) starts 

for Nashville. Will send this by him. * '-^ * 

We are all — Lebanon boys — well. In our regiment, there is 



374 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 



a good deal of sickness. To-day, has been exceedingly wet 
again — has rained all day, making the roads worse and worse. 
It is a hard case on us, indeed. Cannot be helped, though 'tis 
hard. It blocks our enterprise terribly. Men, we can overrun 
and overcome. " The elements are hard to conquer." "We are 
waiting for better roads, to go forward. We must not stay here. 
Would rather risk a dozen battles with my boys, than have 
them lie here to take fever, and die of frost and ice, m Winter. 
Have not been more restive in my life. Are in the most out- 
of-the-way portion of Virginia—" in the mountains," beyond 
the reach of newspapers and post-offices. We have to send a 
letter to Huntersville — 25 miles — to mail it, and then it is out 
of the world," with small chances ot getting into it. The 
mountains about us are full of bear, deer, panthers, etc. Pan- 
thers have been heard, and bear and deer seen, almost in sight 
of our tents. One of the boys shot a deer yesterday, close by 
us. Two days ago, Clint Douglass shot two large bucks in half 
a mile of us. The boys are out of tobacco, and a number of 
articles — not to mention whisky — which are essential to their 
comfort. Such a thing as a store has not been known in this 
reo-ion. In short, " Big Spring" is a hard place, and from, and 
to it, there is a " hard road to travel." Could not have been 
made to believe, that "the Old Dominion" contained such a re- 
gion — so wild and unsettled. May we be delivered from it 
speedily. 

We had a sad accident yesterday. Wm. Bruce — one of Capt. 
Anderson's company — was shot by accident, by one of Col. 
Maney's men. He lived some five or six hours, when he died 
without a struggle. He was a spirited and active young man 
— as good a soldier as we had. He was buried with the honors 
of war, to-day, on the side of the mountain, in a hard rain. 
AVo followed him to his lonely home, with heavy hearts. As 
the echo of the guns that were fired over his grave, died away 
among the mountain gorges above us, my mind ran off home, 
to those I love; and the thought occurred to me: "To die on 
the battle-field, is glorious. To die, away from all the comforts 
and endearments of home, on the ground, in a wilderness, and 
be buried alone, without a stone to mark our resting-place, is 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 375 

jjitiable." I wrote to the mother of young Bruce, this evening. 
Wished, if possible, to say something that might give her some 
comfort, in her sad bereavement. 

"Was exceedingly interested and amused, at your account of 
Eeilly's and Many's performance at "the party." Say to Eeilly, 
not to make any definite matrimonial arrangements, before my 
return — at least without consulting me. The little rascal never 
got his self-possession, or his boldness in company, from me. 
Tell Many not to get to dancing, until, as Eeilly says, she 
"knows how." 

Your account of eating fruit, out at father's, seemed like a 
dream. I have not seen even a peach, cucumber or water-melon, 
this year — much less, eat any of either. Have not seen a 
peach tree, that I remember, in Yirginia, this side of Staunton. 
We eat beef, and bread, and coffee — and coffee, and bread, and 
beef — occasionally, a little rice and a mess of potatoes. 

^ :;< ;K ;|< ^ ;lc >;; >J; :!< ;i; ;|c 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

Big Spring, Va., 

Aiigiist 23, 1861. 
My Dear Sophie: — 

I have just returned from a ride, in search of another 
camping ground for our regiment. Where we are, is so flooded 
with water, and so muddy, as to make it impossible for us to 
stand it longer. A Tennessee hog pen would scarcely be more 
uncomfortable, as a location. As all such things as plank 
floors to our tents have disappeared, since we left Tennessee, 
we take it — in the mud. I found, however, this morning, a 
place, where we can be comparatively comfortable — for a short 
time, at least. It is about one mile up the mountain road. 
There, materiaL for mud — water and proper kind of soil — is 
abundant; but it is not made up. We will move, this evening, 
if it will but stop raining long enough. For the last three 
weeks, we have had only three days without rain. It is raining 
now — has been, ever since daylight. When it will cease, there 
is no calculating. Our men — officers and all — are blue at the 



376 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

balk iu our enterprise, occasioned by the x*ain. Had it not been 
for excessive Avet weather, we woiihl have tried, before this, the 
pluck of the Yankees. They are so near us, that it would re- 
quire but a short march to encounter them. One of them, who 
stra^'ed off too far from their camjD, was taken up, and brought 
into our quarters, yesterday. He was a real 'live Yankee. 
Looked surprised and alarmed ; but, as no one tried to hurt 
him, he got quiet, and seemed content with his lot. Said he was 
forced into it — didn't loant to fight us. 

Have received no more letters from you. Have got four, and 
only four, from you, since I left Camp Trousdale. I have writ- 
ten, not less than twenty, to you. >!^ ^K * * ^l: 

Have made an important purchase, to-day — a pair of shoes. 
Gave two dollars for them — a real negro shoe. All, and the 
best, I could do. 

Mr. John Champ, who takes this, is waiting. So, good-bye; 
and may G-od bless and guard you all. This leaves me well, 
and John sleeping soundly on my bed. He sleeps, now, in my 
tent, Jerry waiting on him, like a child. Again, God bless you. 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

Head-Quarters 7th Eeg't Tenn. Vols., 

Big Spring, Va., August 24, 18G1. 
My Dear Wife: — 

The above "heading" was written, for the purpose of 
inditing, below it, a regimental order. Necessity for the 
order having passed, I will spend a leisure moment in filling up 
the sheet, to you. This is a bright, clear day. There was a 
heavy fog — as heavy as I ever saw — this morning. It has 
cleared away, and the sun is shining out, beautifully — some- 
thing so unusual in this region, that we feel singularly pleasant. 
Yesterdaj^ evening, I ordered a jwrtion of my regiment to 
move forward, up the mountain. Four companies got off, and 
located themselves, before dark, very comfortably. I moved, 
myself, with them, leaving Col. Goodner and Maj. Howard with 
the other companies. They are moving up, now, and will be 
up in a few hours. Our present camping ground is the best we 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 377 

have had, since we left Tennessee — high, and as dry as ground 
can be, in this region. Trust that the change may be of service 
to our men. 

If the weather should remain dry, the roads will soon be in 
condition for us to go toward Cheat Mountain, where General 
Eeynolds' force is stationed. Eosecrans is beyond, with other 
portions of his command. All are extremely anxious to get on ; 
want to do what is to be done, before the snow catches us. 

One of the Yirginia regiments is encamped with us. In it, is 
Caj)t. Martin, who was in Congress with me. He represented 
the Abingdon District. He plays the Captain, very well. I 
was passing along the road, a few days since, on the filly, as this 
Yirginia regiment was just getting in from below. As I rode 
along, in the mud, some one on the side of the road, hallooed, 
"How are you, Hatton?" I looked 'round, and saw Martin, 
sitting on the ground, resting. He had walked some ten miles, 
through the mud, that day, with his company, and was tired 
and wet, and as muddy as a man could well be, who had not 
been wallowed in the mud. He ju.mped up, and shook me cor- 
dially by the hand, saying he was delighted to meet me. I 
was really much gratified to meet him. We were good friends, 
at Washington, though we diff'ered in politics, greatly — he 
being a decided Democrat. Am glad to have him along. We 
passed a very pleasant hour together, to-day, talking over the 
occurrences of the last Congress. When I first saw him sitting 
by the roadside, I was much struck with the change in his ap- 
pearance, since I had last seen him. Then, he was a dressy 
and dashing young Congressman, full of pride, and fondness for 
display, frequenting places of fashionable resort, in the Federal 
Capital — the attendant of gay and splurging belles. He had 
now gotten oif his finery — was dressed in plain soldier's garb, 
tired, wet, dirty; was sitting on the wet ground, to rest his 
wearied — [Here the letter stops — balance wanting.] 



378 life op general robert hatton. 

Valley Mountain, Va., 

August 30, 1861. 
My Dear Wife: — 

I've written yo\i, almost every day, for the past twenty 
days ; but, fearing that many of my letters may have met the 
fate that all of yours to me, have met with, I write you a note, 
by your old friend, Dr. Hayes, of Columbia, who is here, visiting 
the army. He is here, at our tent, now, on his way from General 
Lee's Head-quarters to Staunton. 

The sun is out, shining brightly, this morning. A genci'al 
inspection of our arms takes place, this evening, preparatory to 
our advance, which, it is thought, will take place to-morrow or 
next day. Our scouts are now meeting, almost every day. 
Yesterday, Capt. Fields, of Col. Maney's regiment, killed three 
of the Yankees — shot them with a Colt's revolving rifle. 

"VYe have no doubt of our success in the advance we will make. 
Our forces will not he turned back. Our Avay may be barricaded ; 
but it will be cleaned out, and traveled over, with but little 
halting, when we start. 

The health of our regiment is much improved this morning, 
although there are a few veiy sick men ; two or three, I fear, 
will die. 

Don't believe any of the thousand-and-one foolish reports 
flying about the country, about battles, killed, wounded, etc. 
Wait until you hear authentically before you believe any 
thino- * ^ * * * ^ * 

The package is being tied up. Good-bye, and may God 

bless you all. 

» Aff'eetionately, 

E. Hatton, 

Greenbrier Bridge, Va., 

October 28, 1861. 
To Reilly and Many Hatton^ 

My Dear Children: — 

Here I am, away up in the mountains of Vir- 
ginia, sitting in front of my tent, by the fire. My dear children, 
at home, in Tennessee ; I would not have you here, with me ; 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 379 

yoii would be less comfortable, than where you are. If my 
duty did not require my presence here, I should like to be in 
Lebanon with you. As this cannot be, we must be content 
and cheerful, waiting with all possible patience, until we can 
meet. 

From your own and your mother's letters, I am glad to know 
you are comfortable and happy — spending your time pleasantly 
in your innocent sports, and in the performance of the little 
duties and tasks assigned you. To know, my dear children, 
that those I love, are comfortable and happy, is my own high- 
est source of happiness. If they are not always well provided 
for, cheerful and joyful — free from pain and trouble — it is be- 
cause it is beyond my power to have it so. May God, whom 
we should love and fear, throw about you the arms of his ten- 
der mercy, and keep you from all evil — shield you from sick- 
ness and death. May you not forget that jou are dependent 
upon him for all you eat and wear; the shelter that protects 
you from the heat and the cold ; for the bed upon which you 
lie at night. I want you to pray to Him to make you good, 
obedient children, and save you from sin. You are still very 
young, yet, both of you are quite old enough to know the right, 
fi-om what is wrong. "Shun the wrong — the right pursue." 
Be kind to each other, and to your little sister ; affectionate and 
obedient to your mother, who loves you most tenderly ; never 
be rough or cruel to your associates, but treat them softly and 
generously ; "do as you would be done by." Above all things, 
never conceal from your mother, what you have done, that you 
believe \vi"ong, but tell her all, and ask to be forgiven. In no 
event, under no circumstances, ever suffer yourself to utter an un- 
truth. God despises a liar ; so does your father ; so does your 
mother ; so does your grandpa ; indeed, so does everybody, even 
those that are guilty of the contemptible habit of telling false- 
hoods themselves. Don't be selfish ; divide with each other, your 
playmates, and the little negroes, whatever you may get that is 
good, and the possession of which, you think would please or 
gratify them. It is difficult for a person to be selfish, and, at the 
same time, honest. Eemember, each of you, if you would be 
happy yourself, you must try to make those about you happy. 



380 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT UATTON. 

Now, my little darlings, I've given you advice enough for 
one letter ; I'll tell you something about things up here. 

Well, uncle Jerry, who has been quite sick, has gotten better, 
and is "up and about," as he calls it, doing what he can. He 
is now standing by me, with a long stick in his hand, stirring 
some coffee in an oven. He says he will do as j^ou request him, 
and take good care of me. He is as kind a servant as lives — 
as much devoted to me as I could wish him to be ; does all in 
his power for my comfort. You must not forget to fulfill your 
part of the contract, to be kind to Jerry's children ; he says he 
knows you will be. I do not doubt it. Nathan is well and 
hearty — is growing to be a large and very stout man. Has 
gone off, to-day, into the country, to try to get some meal. He 
and Jerry both talk a great deal about all of you, at home, and, 
I think, would like exceedingly to be in Lebanon. Jerry says, 
now : " Tell 'em all howdy, for me, and let 'em know I am 
gittin along very well. It's a purty hard place, here, where 
we is, to git pervisions — 'specially for de horses, but, notwid- 
standin' that, folks has bin worse off than we is." 

The black mare, Mary, as Jerry calls her, is doing, at present, 
pretty well. Has, now, some corn to eat, which helps her very 
much. Her hair is very long — her fetlocks down nearly to the 
ground ; this is a jjeculiarity of the Canadian horse. She is a 
great favorite amongst the soldiers, many of them often giving 
her corn and hay, when they get hold of it. Several times, 
have seen them give her bread, when they thought she was 
suffering, and they had plenty. If she can ever be got home, 
we will take good care of her — won't you? If I can't be there 
to do it, you will, Reilly, I know.* My large bay horse, is the 
best ti'avelcr I've seen in the army, but is greatly worsted by 
want of food, and hard riding. I believe neither of you saw 
him before I left Tennessee. Will take as good care of him as 
I can, and if I ever get home with him, he shall be your horse, 
Eeilly. You, Many, I suppose, will have to claim " the filly." 
Jerry has a grey horse along, that he claims. I took him from 
a Yankee soldier, on Cheat Mountain, and we have had him 

* The " little black mare " was brought home, and has, now, 1867, a likely colt. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 381 

since, in the wagon that hauls our things — Jerry always calling 
him '■'■my grey Jiorse." He is an excellent animal, full of activ- 
ity and spirit, and Jerry is quite proud of him. 

Eeilly, how is Tiger, and your chickens ? I learn tliat you 
ride very well, and are hardly surpassed as a chicken-raiser. 
Would like to see j^ou ride Tiger, and to — would you object? — 
eat some of your chickens. 

Am glad to hear that "old Prince" is in good health ; he is 
a most affectionate dog, and faithful watch. Keep him. fat, and 
see that he has a dry, warm place to sleep. 

Many, I hope your nice little bag of salt, (sewed up for pa,) 
may get here safely; I thank you for it, my little, darling 
daughter. 

Love to all. Grood-bye, and may God bless and guard you 
from all evil. 

Affectionately, your father, 

E. Hatton, 

P. S. — Continue to write to me. Your letters afford me great 
pleasure. Thank the kind young ladies who wi'ite for you, 
and tell them I feel obliged to them. 

The above letter, to the children, is excellent; good in its 
precepts, and interesting in its details, especially to those for 
whom it was intended. 

The following birth-day review will repay the reader : 



Ctreenbrier Bridge, Va., 

November 2, 1861. 
Mr Dear "Wife: — 

I'm getting old; thirty-five! this day. Did not think of 

it until I was dating my letter. My first impulse of feeling, 

Avas, the expression, "would I were a boy again." On a little 

reflection, I doubt whether — wei-e it possible — I would wish to 

go over my life again. I do not complain at my lot ; no doubt, 

it has been better than I deserved. Still, it has been full of 

anxiety, of labor, exhausting and harrassing toil and trouble. 

Ko doubt, my life could be greatly, very greatly, improved 



382 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

upon by somebody else. I believe, upon a calm and honest re- 
view of my little career, that I have done about all — and done it 
as well, as I had capacity given me to do. That I erred, blundered 
egi'egiously and sinfully, and often, I know. But that I would 
do better in any respect, is doubtful ; so, I'm content. "Will try 
to do better, if possible, in the future. The Future ! What 
joy — how much of sorrow, has it in store for our peojile ! May 
God, who rules and shapes the destinies of man, and of nations, 
be our friend, guarding us from sin, stimulating us to virtuous 
and noble actions, and making us a free and happy jDcople. I 
feel confident He is on our side, upholding our arms; and if we 
but go forward, acknowledging his power and goodness, asking 
his aid, a most glorious triumph awaits us, over our cruel and 
unreasonable enemies. But I did not sit down to write about — 
anything, of which I've, thus far, written. 

It is raining. Rained all last night. Wind blew hard. Threw 
Jerry's tent down on him twice. As he was quite sick it troubled 
him a good deal. I think he is better this morning, though he 
thinks not. He has pneumonia. Nathan is well. My own 
health, perfect. I weigh fifteen pounds more than usual. Am 
even stouter, than when my photograph was taken at Washing- 
ton, by a good deal. If you were but in good health and the 
children free from their frequent attacks of cholic, etc., I would 
feel quite comfortable. There can be, however, no contentment 
or ease, when one is either sick himself, or has members of his 
own family, sick. * * * I pray God to keep you all 
free from disease and death. -i- -'^ * * 

We know nothing, as yet, as to what is to become of us, dur- 
ing the Winter. Our commanding General knows nothing. 
All are waiting for word from Richmond. There is a general 
apprehension that we are locked up in Western Virginia, for the 
Winter. I hope a better fate awaits our boys, but still am afraid 
such will be the case. It will be cold and disagreeable here, 
and there will be no hope of any service — will lie wp and try 
to keep warm. 

The regiment is improving in health. We have between 
seven and eight hundred in camj^s with us — better than we 
have done for some time. I am pained to say, that we have 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 383 

lost another boy — young Freeman, of Capt. Anderson's compa- 
ny, from Lebanon. He was a handsome and spirited young man, 
and a first rate soldier. I sympathise most sincerely with his 
mother and friends at home. Say to his mother, her son was 
as well cared for as if he had been at home, except he did not 
have the attentions of a mother. Ho had a good room and 
fiiattrass, and kind and attentive nurses. Poor boys, that they 
should lie down for their last sleep, so far from home, is hai*d 
indeed. It is the fate of "those who go to war." All must be 
resigned to it. Over 5,000 are now sick, in the Hospitals of 
Western Virginia. It is a terrible wreck, this Western army. 
My regiment has been, comparatively speaking, blessed, hav- 
ing fewer sick, and fewer deaths, than any other regiment in 
Virginia, that I have heard of. I thank Grod for his mercy. 

Kisses to the children, and love to all the family. May God 
guard and bless you. 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

Greenbrier Bridge, Va., 

November 7, 1861. 
My Dear Wife: — 

I wrote to you day before yesterday, acknowledging the 
receipt of clothes, &c., from Tennessee. * ^= ^ 

Write this morning by Mr. Blythe, Avho starts to Tennessee, 
to-day. 

I received yesterdaj^ evening, your two letters of 30th and 
31st Oct., giving an account of the illness of the children. 
Was distressed that they were so sick as to require a doctor. 
You know my horror of medicine. Eight here, lest I omit it, I 
want to make one request, and I trust it may not be disregard- 
ed. Do not, on any account, permit my boy, Eeilly, to be dosed 
by a doctor. If he is, the chances are all against his life — 
against his being any account, if he is not killed. -^ * 

You referred me to 34th chapter Psalms. Eead it last night. 
It is a favorite chapter of mine. I read it often. If a person 
felt a constant sense of purity and uj)rightness of life, it would 
be a most consoling one. How few have any such conscious- 



384 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

ness ! I pray God to keep me from sin, that I may have some 
of the comforts of the good. God bless and guard you all. 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

"Warm Springs, Va., 

November 14, 1861. 
My Dear "Wife: — 

'!"^ * "Wc got liere last evening, and are encamped 

in the edge of the little town, known as Bath Court -House, or 
"Warm Sj)rings. The place is a very small one, consisting, prin- 
cipally of the buildings of the hotel, or hotels, intended for 
the accommodation of visitors to the Springs. The main hotel 
is a very large one, capable of entertaining 300 persons. In 
addition to this, are a number of smaller ones, some of them 
mere jH'ivate boarding houses. The springs are very celebrated 
for their medicinal qualities — the baths luxurious and spacious. 
The distance from here to Millboro', — the nearest jDoint on the 
railroad — is fifteen miles, the road crossing one mountain, and 
furnishing the finest view in "Western Virginia, that I have 
seen. All things considered — houses, improved grounds, walks, 
baths, etc., — it is a most desirable place. Have thus particu- 
larl}^ spoken of it, for the reason, that it is possible we may 
winter here, and if we do, the regiment will be quartered in 
the houses, building no huts. This will enable them to be en- 
tirely comfortable, as we will have wagons to do all our hauling, 
getting wood, etc. It will put all the sick we may have, where 
they can be as well cared for, as it is possible to care for men, 
in the absence of their wives, mothers, and sisters. 

If we do not stay here, we will, in all probabilit}^, be ordered 
to the assistance of Gen. Jackson's command in the region be- 
tween Winchester and Lcesburg. 3Iost of our officers and 
men, would be pleased at this, as it would most likely afford 
them an opportunity for active service — some fighting during 
the Winter. They, very naturally, are anxious to see what they 
can do, before their term of service expires. As desirous as I 
am for their safety and comfort, I am, myself, extremely so- 
licitous that they have a chance at the enemy. If they do, I 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT IIATTON. 385 

know they will do themselves great credit. I have done all I 
ooiild to 2)romote their comfort, and secure their lives ; at the 
same time, I have spared no effort to keep them in such posi- 
tions, as would secure them a participation in any fighting that 
might be done. They have always been ready and anxious, but 
have not been gratified with a trial of their mettle. A day or 
two will decide what is to become of us. Will then write you on 
the subject -^ * * * * * 

The health of our regiment is now better than it has been 
since we came to Virginia. God bless j^ou and ours. 

Afi'ectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

Warm Springs, Ya., 

November 22, 1861. 
My Dear Wife: — 

* * * The War Department has ordered my 

regiment to Staunton, for further orders. Loring is suspend- 
ing the order, unwilling to let us go out of his command. Is 
acting very singularly — very. Is doing my men gross injustice, 
in my opinion. 

We have lost three men since we got here. One of Captain 
Baber's company, one of Capt. Anderson's — G-eorge Hearn; 
and one of Capt. Anthony's — a young Laine ; more than we 
lost the first three months of the service ! Fear, if things go, 
as they have, we will lose many more. I thank God that he 
still spares, in a wonderful manner, my health. I still lie in 
my tent — never leave camp at night — whilst a large portion of 
the ofiicers, and many of the men, stay at the hotels, where 
they have warm rooms, but not as good health as I have. * * 
My love to all — children and parents. 

Affectionately, 
25 E. Hatton. 



386 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 



Warm Springs, Ya., 

November 27, 1861. 
Dear Wife : — 

We are in the midst of real Winter, here — snow, frosts, 
and ice in abundance. Our men are being housed in the build- 
ings here, except one company, which is to go to Hot Springs, 
as a guard, etc. Never have the men been busier than now, 
fixing up against this rigorous climate. They wnllbe compara- 
tively comfoi'table. 

I did not begin to write a letter, but simply to send my re- 
quest to you, that, if not too great a tax on your strength, I 
should be delighted to have you here, this Winter, with me. I 
presume others will come — why should not the Colonel's wife? 
I could fix you, quite comfortably. I send, enclosed, two hun- 
dred dollars. 

This letter will be carried by Davy K. Donnell, who goes 

home, discharged. He is a clever old fellow — treat him kindly. 

Love to all. 

Affectionately, your husband, 

E. Hatton. 



Warm Springs, Va., 

November 29, 1861. 
My Dear Wife: — 

Am sitting up to write this. Have been quite ill, since 
the 22d. Am, this morning, decidedly, manifestly better. 
Doctor says, and I think — no mean doctor, myself — I will be 
well, in a few days. 

I am most elegantlj" fixed, occupying the old family room, in 
the residence of a Mrs. Eichards, near the Sjjrings. Could get 
no other place. Could not get another so good. The family is 
as nice as can be found in the State of " First Families." The 
old lady, with heavy bordered cap, visits me, often, offering 
every kind attention. Jerry is here, and Wharton, Dr. Eobin- 
son, or some of the boys, all the time. Eobinson says I had 
better not write more at present. Love to all. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 887 

Have no uneasiness about me. Am in no danger — none. 
Got whole lot of things from you, yesterday. Thank you. 

Most affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

Warm Springs, Ya., 

December G, 18C1. 
Dear Wife : — 

I write, simply, to inform you that I am still on the rise. 
My fever has given way, and I hope soon to be up. My strength 
comes to me very slowly. Am as weak as most attacks of a 
month would have left me. I took ray bed, just two weeks ago, 
to-day. Have had a regular attack of camp fever. Am taking, 
of course, every precaution; and, God willing it, I shall soon 
again be with my boys. My love to all. God bless and pre- 
serve you from all harm. 

E. Hatton. 

Warm Springs, Ya., 

December 10, 1861. 
My Dear Wife: — 

I write to let you all know that I am still " on the mend." 
Sit up a good deal of the time. Sat up, yesterday, several hours. 
My attack of fever was a most violent one, affecting my head to 
such an extent as to prevent my sleeping a minute, for near eight 
days. Took one dose of morj)hine, which but added to the al- 
ready excited state of my brain. So, we had to give up to it, and 
let it wear itself out. I took only one dose of strong medicine — 
three Cook's pills — the day I was taken sick. Dr. Eobinson — 
who has attended me like a brother — did not want to give me 
strong medicines; so, he and I agreed finely, on the treatment. 
He (Dr. E.) is still here. Will wait, and go with me to the regi- 
ment. I hope to get off, now, in a few days. Mr. Wharton left, 
yesterday, for Staunton, I having no further need for him. He 
is a good boy. He was quite attentive to me, whilst I was sick. 
Now that he is gone, I am quite lonely, Jerry being my only 
companion, except when the Doctor comes down to see me. He 
is attending our sick, left here in the Hospital. 



388 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

The famil}^ where I stay, have been in a gloomy mood, since 
I came. A daughter — married lady — married, last May — died, 
here, Saturday night, of consumption. She is still lying in the 
house, a corpse, waiting a metallic coffin, from Richmond. A 
gloomy place, this, for a convalescent. Have not heard a laugh 
in or about the house, since I came here. Want to get away, 
though every comfort that an elegant and refined family can 
furnish, is afforded me. The old lady comes in, daily, to see 
that I am properly cared for, in my room — which, by-the-bye, 
is her own room, kindly given up to me, as the most convenient 
and comfortable about the house. Am sitting, now, in her chair 
— a most spacious and elegant one, brought from England by 
her grandfather, who was an importing ship-merchant previous 
to the Revolution. She is a most kind-hearted and motherly 
old lady — full, however, of the weakness so common to the 
Virginia character, of desiring it to be understood that her an- 
cestry were the "first," in the old Commonwealth. "Vanity! 
vanity! all is vanity, sayeth the preacher." 

Since my brain has got quiet, I have had much time and op- 
portunity for reflection. Trust it may not be unprofitable to 
me. The result of mj^ reflections has been, to confirm me in 
my purpose to continue, during my term of service, to do just 
tchat I think is right, letting consequences take care of them- 
selves. I have a high, and as I regard it, a sacred obligation 
imposed upon me. I shall not disgrace myself, in my own 
judgment, by shrinking from the decided discharge of a single 
duty. In pursuing this course, I have incurred the ill-will of 
some of my officers and men, whom I have compelled to do 
what they did not want to do, or restrained from a license hurt- 
ful to them and the service. I have an utter contempt for the 
officer, who would prostitute his office into an electioneering 
machine. Some have not an idea higher than this. They have 
their reward — the favor of the unthinking, the contempt of the 
true and discerning. :=< * ^ * ;!< * :i; 

Am fatigued. Must quit, for to-day. This will be cai-ried 
by young Mr. Lain, who goes home, to take the corpse of his 
brother-in-law, Mr. Chapman, one of my best soldiers. He 
died, poor fellow, in the hospital, here, last night. Give my 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 359 

best love to all the family — children and all. May God, in Ilis 
great mercy, guard and protect you all. 

Affectionately, 

R. Hatton. 

Staunton, Va., 

December 16, 1S61. 
Dear Wife: — 

I arrived here, by the train from Millboro', this morning. 
Go on with the regiment, to-morrow morning. It left here, 
to-day, and will go out five miles, to-night. I want to get some 
things for the men, here, and secure transportation for some 
Quartermaster's Stores, before leaving. Dr. Eobinson is still 
with me, and will go on with me to "Winchester. He has been 
exceedingly kind to me ; and, by being with me, in my con- 
valescence, has hastened my recovery. I rode horseback, to 
Bath -Alum Springs, first day, and next — j^esterday — to Mill- 
boro', without inconvenience or injury. The weather is bright 
and warm, just now, which is exceedingly favorable to me. 
My appetite is good, and I am indulging it, pretty freely, which 
is strengthening me, rapidly. AYill soon, I trust, be fully at 
myself, again. The regiment, I find in a \qvj good condition, 
as to health — quite as good as it has been, for some time. I was 
pained, on my arrival at Millboro', to find Capt. Baber, of my 
regiment, a corpse. Poor fellow, he is gone ! Died of erysipe- 
las. Was sick some twelve days. He was as true and gallant 
a man as there was in the Confederate army — devoted to his 
company, his regiment, and the cause of the South. "After 
life's fitful fever he sleeps well. Treason nor cares can harm 
him more." My heart bleeds, at the death of the noble boys of 
my command. May the arm of the Lord be circled about them, 
to shield them from disease, that they may be sj)ared to their 
country and friends. If they must die, may it be on the battle- 
field, where their lives may be dearly sold, and where there is 
consolation in death. ^i: ^ -^ ^ ^ ^ ^ 

We go to Winchester. Trust it is all-wise, and for the best. 
Yet, I tremble for its effects on the boys. They may see some 
service there, that will compensate for the frosts and snows they 



390 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

will have to be chilled by. As I said, in speaking of staying at 
Huntersville, I can put up, myself, with anything ; but, to have 
my boys dealt with, as it appears to me, unfeelingly and un- 
fairly, frets me to anger. There is much more of folh" and 
stupidity, as well as inhumanity, amongst mankind, than I once 
supposed there was. Burns was quite as much of a pilosopher, 
as a poet. A life of close observation, and jirofound reflection, 
resulted in the celebrated declaration, in vex'se : 

" Man's inhumanity to man, 
Makes countless thousands mourn." 

Men, far removed from the common soldier, seated, perhaps, in 
luxuriantly furnished oflfices and chambers, know but little — care 
but little — for his privations and exposure — order him " from 
post to pillar," as unfeelingly as they would turn the crank of a 
machine. Thank God, I am well, again ; and, one thing I in- 
tend to do— to let the" powers that be" know what I think due 
my gallant boys, and to see to it, as far as my efforts can secure 
it, that they have it. Loring's, with the whole of Anderson's 
brigade, Gilham's, Burke's and Campbell's Virginia regiments, 
from Monterey, with all of our artillery, go to "Winchester, or 
Strasburgh, which is the terminus of the railroad, nearest Win- 
chester. Do not know whether we will stay at Strasburgh, or 
go on to Winchester. Our orders are, now, only to Strasburgh 
— seventy-six miles from this point. Another long walk for 
our boys. 

Give my best love to the children, and all the family. 
Affectionately, j'our husband, 

E. Hatton. 

Staunton, Ya., 

December 17, 1861. 
Dear Wife : — 

It is now 11 o'clock, p. m., and I am still at Staunton. 
Go to-morrow morning with a number of gentlemen, en route 
for my regiment. Found, that after getting done with my 
business, here, it was so late, that, on consultation, we con- 
cluded to stay over night, and go in the morning. 

I got new tents for the regiment, to-day, and some other 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 391 

things, that will acid to their comfort. Our old tents are al- 
most wholly worn out. 

Another thing that occurred to-day, worthy of mention. 
You will regard it as communicated in strict confidence. I ar- 
rived here, as I wrote you, on yesterday, from Millboro' ; stop- 
ped at the American Hotel, a spacious and fashionably fur- 
nished house ; the proprietor told me to go into the parlor, and 
sit until the fire in my room could warm it up. I did so ; seated 
myself in an easy chair, by the fire. In a few minutes, an ele- 
gantly dressed and handsome lady, of about twenty-one or two 
years of age, came in from the street. She took a seat at the 
window, some distance from me, commanding a view of some 
troops out on the Square. After sitting some time, she asked 
me some questions about the troops, which led to some conver- 
sation, after which, she retired. In a few minutes, she re- 
turned again, when I invited her to be seated near the fire. 
She sat down oj)posite me, when our conversation was renewed, 
and lasted some time, when she retired again. Fearing my 
room was still not warm, I remained in the parlor. Dr. Eobin- 
son also advising me to remain. To my surprise (?) she re- 
turned again, begging pardon, as she sat down in a soft chair, 
for "so often intruding," but, saying, she Avished to inquire of 
me, when I would join my regiment, etc. I told her, I thought 
I would get off " in the morning " — that is, to-day. After ra- 
ther a more interesting and lengthy conversation than on the 
two former occasions, she again retired. This morning, she 
called for me at the parlors, but as I was out, and she could not 
see me, she left, to be handed me, when I came in, a package, 
which proved to be a letter from her, and her photograph, in a 
handsome case. 

"What is to be done ? Throw them away, or send them back 
to her ? She is a young married lady, of superior accomplish- 
ments, and of the most reputable and wealthy family. As I 
shall not see her again before I can hear from you, your advice 
is earnestly requested. I have shown the picture to Dr. Eob- 
inson. Quite an adventure, ain't it, for a Western Virginia 
Colonel? * >K ^ * * >i< 'K 

Will give you further particulars, of the picture-case, in my 



392 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

next letter; until which, perhaps, you had best not advise me. 
Kiss the dear children for pa, and give my love to all the 
family. 

Affectionately, your husband, 

E. Hatton. 



Staunton, Ya., 

December 18, 18G1. 
Dear Wife : — 

You see I am still in Staunton. Expected to have gone, 
certainl}^, on yesterday, but a terrible fire occurred night-be- 
fore-last, which burned up a large number of horses, among 
them, those that were to haul our baggage, etc.; so the Quarter- 
master, here, said he could do nothing for us until to-day. "We 
go in a few minutes ; will catch up with the regiment before it 
reaches Strasburgh. Am quite bright and clear about the head, 
this morning, and hope I will soon be as stout as before my 
illness. * * * '-i^ ^-^^ -i^^ * 

Just received a letter from the War Department, that pleased 
me. They promise to have a fine sabre bayonet on all of my 
rifles, in about three weeks from this time. This done, I will 
have the best armed regiment in the Confederacy. 

Want an explanation to that j)hotograj)h, eh? Well, the lad}- 
was from near Abingdon, Ya. ; is the wife of one of the Forty- 
eighth Yirginia Eegiment. She had come to Staunton, exjject- 
ing to meet her husband here, as it was understood the regi- 
ment was ordered here, as it was. But, befox-e it got here, it 
was stopped, and ordered off to Wincliester, across the country. 
She did not know of this, until she asked me — seeing I Avas a 
soldier — if I knew what time the Forty-eighth would get into 
town. I told her it was not coming at all; that it was gone to 
Winchester. Then she left, no doubt to cry it out, as she began 
before she could get out of the room. Her return, was to ask 
where he could be gotten to soonest. She thought of going on 
— her father was with her — to see him. I told her I could not 
Inform her where, as they were footing it, and could not tell 
what time they would make. Then she left again, returning 
to ask me — I having told her I was going on to where her bus- 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 393 

band was — if I would be so kind as to deliver him a little 
package. I said, certainly. It turned out to be a letter for 
her husband, and ber photograph. Satisflictory? Ha ! ha ! 
Pact ! Dr. Eobinson, and others, are my witnesses. I failed 
to state, he was present at all our talks. Good-bye, and may 
God bless and guard you all. 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

Pretty good joke that, for Col. Hatton. 

Strasburgh, Va., 

December 24, 1861. 
My Dear Wife:— 

I am with my regiment again, after being absent from 
them four weeks. Got into camp, yesterday, at 1 o'clock, p. m. 
Have not been more gratified, in my life, at a reception, than I 
was at that of yesterday, by my men. Their hearty cheers, as 
I rode into the encampment, assured me that they were not un- 
mindful of my devotion to them. I can but regard them as a 
band of my brothers, and feel toward them very much as I 
would feel toward brothers by the blood. They are now, by 
every body, conceded to be the finest body of men that have 
been in this portion of Yirginia. All along the road, from 
Staunton to this place, their praises were in the mouth of every 
one I spoke to. 

My ride from Staunton, here, did me great good. General 
Loring, the Doctor, and most of my friends said I could not 
ride on horseback, so far, and urged me to stay, and go 'round 
by rail. I thought differently, and determined to try it. The 
first day, I had to ride in a very slow walk, my head being 
still so much out of fix. Each day, however, I so rapidly im- 
proved, that when I got here, yesterday, I could have set my 
horse, with ease, in a quarter race. The ride was through one 
of the most beautiful and highly improved valleys I have ever 
seen. We stopped at private houses, every night, but one ; 
were most kindly entertained — part of the time not being per- 
mitted to pay any bill. The night before getting here, we 
stayed at the residence of a gentleman, formerly of Baltimore, 



J 



394 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

who settled in the valley, six years ago. As I rode off, I said 
to myself, " I will make a note of my stay there, in my next 
letter home." 

The house was an elegant one, in modern style, fashionably 
and luxuriently fui-nished. The lady — abont thirty or thirty- 
five, was a most accomplished person. She received us most 
kindly, seemingly as anxious for our comfort as if we had 
been brothers, returning from the wars. Had a sofa rolled 
near the fire, brought a couple of pillows, and put on it, and 
made me lie down to rest. Her husband, she said, had gone 
into town, and would be back very soon. He returned, before 
dark, and came in to where we were. Was a fashionably 
dressed, city-looking gentleman ; was most cordial in his greet- 
ing, was -'glad to see us at his house," etc. Saw his wife's face 
redden up, and very soon she retired, excusing herself. He 
was " meny " — nearly drunk ! As it was cold, he thought more 
liquor was needed ; he took it, and freely. B}'^ the time we 
were invited to supper, he was drunk, and his wife knew it. 
She asked me — her face red to crimson, with mortification — to 
sit at the head of the table, her husband hardly able to get to 
it. She attempted to rally, handed us our coftec, begged us " to 
feel at home," and retired. The gentleman husband was now 
the besotted fool. She could not remain in the presence of 
strangers, where he was, and ran off", no doubt, to cry off her 
mortification. Poor woman, thought I, joii deserve a better 
fate. The man who could thus treat such a wife, should be 
"bucked," and kept bucked until he was disposed to properly 
respect her feelings. He came with us into the sitting-room, 
and tried to entertain us. Finally, the lady came in, and at- 
tempted to engage in conversation ; was now, however, cramped 
and embarrassed in her manner, cringing, evidently, lest he, 
each moment, would si\j something ridiculous, as he several 
times did. Getting sleepy, he, at last, concluded he would go 
to bed, but insisted on showing me the room and bed where I 
was to sleep. His wife tried to look him out of it, but he was 
not to bo put off. So, I followed him to a handsomely furnished 
apartment, and a spacious bed, upon the excellencies of which, 
he discoursed, until I left him, with the assurance — which 
seemed to be satisfactory, that "all was right." 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 395 

On my retui-n, with tears in her eyes, she begged that we 
would "pardon" her husband; that he was "subject" to such 
" sprees," but, that, if we could know him well, we would like 
him ; that he was generous and liberal — " an educated and re- 
fined gentleman." "Wringing her hands unconsciously, she 
said, "Oh, if he would never touch the accursed stuff again." 
"Wishing us a pleasant night's rest, she left the room. She did 
not appear at breakfast. Came into the room just before we 
left, when I was trying to pay our host for the night's lodging. 
Although not still at himself, he had politely, but positively re- 
fused taking anything, saying, a soldier could never pay for 
shelter and food in his house. She joined and said, " do not 
press him, or we will take it as unkind ; we are glad and proud 
of every opportunity we have to add to a soldier's comfort." 
"Sir," addressing me, " my only brother is a soldier, could we 
charge his comrades?" We thanked them, over and over again, 
for the elegant entertainment they had afforded us — it tims ele- 
gant — and left. Just as I passed out, in an under tone, she said, 
"Dont think hard, or strange of my husband." "When we first 
saw her, she was bright and cheerful — fall of animation and 
spirit. Now, her eyes were red with weeping, and her dress and 
whole demeanor so changed, one would hardly have known her. 
Poor^ broken-hearted icojuan! Yours is, indeed, a hard lot. How 
many such ! "Whiskey is the king of curses to our poor fallen 
race. * 

"Will write you again to-morrow. Love to all. 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

Strasburg, Ya., 

December 25, 1861. 
Dear Sophie: — 

Christmas gift! to all of you at home. The sun is out 
in his brightness this morning. Yesterday, and night before 
last, the weather was tci-rible; now, the air is greatly warmer, 
and I trust we will have some better weather. Our regiment 
is just moving out of its encampment, on its way to Winchester; 
so I cannot write a letter. Am feeling very well this morning. 



396 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

Am in Lieut. Powell's room. He has been quite sick. Is uow 
better, and will go home to recruit. I send you by him 8100. 
Love to all — a merry and happy Christmas to you. Write to 
Winchester — care of Gen. S. E. Anderson. In haste. 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

Near Winchester, Va., 

December 21, 1861. 
My Dear Wife : — 

We got here, in good condition, yesterday evening. 
Passed through Winchester and encamped on the Eomney road, 
three miles from town. The weather, during most of our 
march from Staunton, was good, and the boys marched in fine 
style. We are encamped in a fine forest, near the turnpike 
road, where there is fine water, and abundance of wood ; and 
were it not for the wind, which has been blowing almost a hur- 
ricane, since last night, the men would be j^retty comfortable. 
Winchester is quite a town, containing from five to seven 
thousand inhabitants. The country surrounding it, and that 
along up the valley, in the direction of Staunton, is as fine as 
any I ever saw. It is old and somewhat worn, but it is cer- 
tainly most beautiful. The farm houses, and all the improve- 
ments about them, are elegant as well as substantial. ISTear 
Strasburgh, I stayed over night in a house, which had been 
built seventy-five j'ears. It was one of the most spacious and 
stylish buildings of the kind I was ever in. The lad}' of the 
house — about 70 years old — was born in it, was married in it, 
and was now surrounded with her grand children, in it. The 
ni"'ht,before getting here, (the Doctor still unwilling for me to 
risk a night on the ground,) I stayed, by invitation, at the 
house of a nephew of Chief Justice Marshall, who occupies an- 
other of those fine old dwellings, filled Avith what, in its day. 
was fiishionable, and is still, handsome and elegant furniture, 
and all kinds of paintings and articles — mementoes of a past 
generation — such as the stirrups in which Gen. AVashington 
rode during the Eevolutionary War, etc., etc. The family were 
exceedingly kind to me; the lady hearing I was sick sent 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 397 

her carriage to the camp for me. I went, however, on Ball, not 
willing to acknowledge myself an invalid any longer. 

We can't tell where we will go from here, or whether we will 
go anywhere. Think it possible we will stay here. One thing 
is certain ; Ave are to feel a good deal of frost, if we remain in 
this latitude. The men are generally in jDretty good condition. 
We have had throe deaths very recently — young Lester, Kirk- 
patrick and Harrison — all fine boys. Lester was a son of H. 
D. Lester, and Harrison, son of Ainsworth Harrison, living 
down by Green Hill. He boarded at Esq. McClain's three or 
four years. He was shot by accident by a drunken Irishman. 

I was much distressed when I heard of father's illness. I 
heard, however, through Capt. Bostick's letter, that on the 17th 
he was regarded as out of all danger. I hardly knew how 
much I thought of him, until I heard of his extreme illness. 
There never was a kinder father, and I don't think there ever 
was a boy who thought more of a father, than I do of him. 
Was glad to hear, through Miss Em. Norman's letter, that all 
the rest of you were so well. 

May God, in his mercy, guard and keep you from all harm. 
Love to the children, and all the family. 

Aftectionately, your husband, 

E. Hatton. 

Winchester, Va., 

December 31, 1861. 
Dear Sophie: — 

We go to Romney to-morrow — the whole of Jackson's 
command — 13,000 men. The Federalists are in some force — 
don't know how much — there. It is thought they will retire 
upon our advance, and that there will be no fight. Our boys 
say they " look for no better fate." Expect only to be marched 
and marched, and not be permitted to try their hands on the 
enemy. The regiment is in excellent condition, still number- 
ing more than any other in the command. If they could get a 
chance, I have no doubt about their performance. A braver, 
better band of men were never mustered. 

To-day has been spent unpleasantly. Gen. Loring, against 



398 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

my wishes, made me President of a General Court Martial; 
and this morning, we took up tlie case of a soldier, charged 
with murder — killing his officer. The responsibility of passing 
on the fate of a fellow-being — a fellow-soldier — is painful, 
when your decision may destroy life, or seriously damage the 
seiwice. I had no discretion in the matter — consequences, 
whatever they may be, must not be regarded. •• Duty must be 
discharged." We have a number of other cases, of a serious 
character, yet to tr}'. Have not more dreaded any duty of my 
life. I shall, however, turn, neither to the right hand, nor the 
left. 

^K ^ iic >:j :^< * ;1< 

Have received no letter from home since Eeilly's, written hy 
JMiss Em. Norman. Heard of the convalescence of father 
through the letters of others. * -^ -^ Bless 

his dear old heart, he has been the most loving of fathers. I 
feel that I am a most loving son. Tell Reilly he must wait on 
grandpa, now that he is sick. Mother is, I am glad to hear, in 
fine health. Love to the children. Tell Eeilly and Many they 

must write to pa. 

Affectionately, 

R. Hatton. 

Morgan County, Va., 

January 10, 7862. 
M Y Dear Wife : — 

=i= ^= ^ I wrote to you, on the day before we 
moved from Winchester. Since then, wo have made a very 
heavy and wearisome march, up to the Potomac, at Hancock, 
via Bath, at which point the enemy were posted, with their ar- 
tillery, and a considerable force of cavalry and infantr}'. The}' 
were driven back over the Potomac, into Maryland. The j)art 
assigned in the attack on Bath, to the Seventh Regiment, was, 
to capture tlie battery of the enemy, posted on the point of a 
mountain commanding the road. The army was halted, to 
await the result of our approach along the top of the mountain, 
which we had ascended; and we marched forward, confident of 
a spirited resistance. In this, however, we were disappointed, 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 399 



as the Lincolnites abandoned their position, before we were in 
reach of them, and fled, when the cavalry down in the road 
chai'ged after them, pursuing them until they had crossed the 
river. The larger poi'tion of our force followed on to Hancock, 
or to this side of the river next to Hancock, where our artillery 
was put in battery, and played on the batteries of the enemy, 
for an hour or two. As it was late at night, and exceedingly 
cold, we were ordered to bivouac in the open fields near the 
river. The ground being covered with a thick coating of snow, 
our beds were not as comfortable as some I have tried — es- 
pecially, as all our blankets were behind in the wagons. As I 
had not slept any for two or three nights, I felt drowsy ; so 
miich so, that the report of the enemy's cannon, which were 
spitting away at us, across the Potomac, did not j)revent my 
taking quite a sleep upon some very soft rails, which were 
smoothly laid beside each other, before a small fire. 

I have been astonished at the manner in which I have stood 
this trip. For a week past, I have, each night, cleared away a 
place in the snow, to lie down, and, when not j)revented by 
some bvisiness of the regiment, have slept pretty well — some- 
times, as soundly as I ever slej)t; and am now nearly as stout as 
before I was taken sick. God has been kind to me; and He 
knows I am deeply grateful for His mercy unto me. 

We will go from here to Eomney, having accomplished all 
we could, by shooting at the Yankees, in the mountains around 
Hancock, before returning to this point. We are, emphatically, 
the Wandering Bi-igade. Have marched more than any two 
others in the Confederate service. 

Tell Eeilly, I have got for him, or Capt. Douglas has. for me, 
a shell, thrown fi'om the enemy's battery at us. It fell near 
me, and was picked up by one of the boys. Love to all — kisses 
to the children. 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 



400 LIFE OF GExVERAIi ROBERT HATTON. 



Camp Potomac, Hampshire Co., Va., 

January 29, 1862. 
My Dear Wife : — 

I wrote you, the clay after we left Eomney, acknowledg- 
ing 3-ours, of the 13th inst. He * * * * H= 

"We have just heard of ZoUicoffer's fight and defeat, in Ken- 
tucky. It is represented as having resulted most disastrously 
to our side — that ZollicofFcr, himself, was killed, and a large 
number of his officers killed and wounded. Amongst those 
mentioned as killed, is Balie Peyton, Jr. I do hope the account is 
untrue. It certainly cannot be so bad as now reported; though 
I fear we have suffered a heavy loss in men and officers. I 
have long been fearful that Zollicoffer was getting his command 
into a position, from which it would be difficult to extricate it. 
Consummate generalship is demanded, for a campaign, in such 
a country as that he was in. The great difficulty he labored 
under, was the hostility of a large portion of the population, 
where he was operating, to his cause. Our army, in this por- 
tion of Virginia, has been subject to the same evil; and we 
have found it a most serious one. We will look, with intense 
anxiety, for the particulars of the late fight. The greater part 
of the army, on our side, was from Tennessee — made up of our 
friends and intimate acquaintances. I will be distressed to hear 
the report of Balie's death confirmed. Do hope it may not be. 
Brave and high-spirited, he would hazard much. This makes 
me the more apprehensive that he was injured, if not killed. 

We are stationed — I suppose, permanently, for the balance of 
the Winter — on the banks of the Potomac, our regiment being 
about three miles in advance of the other two regiments from 
Tennessee. The balance of Loring's army is in and about 
Eomney, seven miles in our rear. My pickets are two and a 
half miles in front of our camp, across the river, in direction of 
Springfield, where a considerable Yankee force lias been posted, 
most of the Fall and Winter. They retired, on our approach, 
falling back to Frankfort and the mouth of Patterson's Creek, 
where there are now some 7,000 or 8,000 of them. Our orders 
are, to "hold this position," which commands the "Valley of 



LIB'E OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 401 

Vii-ginia." I do not fear but that we can Jo it. It will take 
five thousand to drive my regiment from its present location. 
If needed, the whole brigade can be brought here, when none 
but a very large force could move us from it. i\: -^ ^ 

G-eneral Joseph E. Johnston is looked for, here, to-morrow. 
As he is a military celebrity, I have some curiosity to meet him. 
He comes to view things in this region, and pass upon the j)i'opri- 
ety of our holding this part of the State — remaining quiet, during 
the rest of the Winter — or attempting forward movements from 
this point. There is no present prospect of getting out of 
these mountains, this Winter. Eeceived a letter — two of them — 
from Eichmond, to-day, which satisfies me of this, beyond ques- 
tion. So, if not driven out by the enemy, we are fixtures here. 
Our Generals seem, now, to believe we will be attacked here. 
Loring has thought so, for a week — ever since we got to Eom- 
ney. Johnston's coming up here, indicates apj)rehension, on 
his part. They may be right. I doubt it greatly. We will, 
doubtless, be annoyed, by their scouting and foraging parties ; 
but I do not believe their present purpose is, to attack us in 
force, at this point. 

Your letter, of the 19th inst., was handed me, since writing 
the last paragraph; also, a paper, containing the report of Zol- 
coffer's defeat and death, and also, the death of Balie. It is, to 
me, distressing, bej^ond expression. The defeat is a calamity to 
our cause. Two braver, truer men were not in our army, than 
General Zollicoffer, and his aid, Balie Peyton, Jr. General Z. 
was my valued friend. In the death of Balie, I really feel as if 
I had lost a loved brother. Poor fellow. Have no heart to 
write more, now. Kiss the dear children, for pa, and give my 
love to all the family. 

Afiectionately, your husband, 

E. Hatton 

P. S. — If I could say a word, to console Balie's father, sister 
and brother — his family — I would write it. But what can I 
say? He was noble, and brave, and generous. This makes 
his death but the more cruel loss. He died bravely, battling in 
defense oi his home — died like a true soldier. This is all. All 
26 



402 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT nATTON. 

I could say to them, would be, that they have my sincere, my 
heart-felt sympathies. R. H. 



Camp of the Potomac, Hampshire Co., Va., 

February 1, 1861. 
My Dear Wife: — 

"We are living here, in the midst of excitement, if not of 
pleasure. Just as I finished the last sentence, the firing of 
guns, across the river, was heard, evidently at our picket post. 
I ordered my horse, to see what was the matter. Before he was 
read}'-, a courier rode up, at full speed, informing me that the 
enemy were "approaching, as from Springfield," and that the 
town was "full of them." 

The long roll was beat, and the regiment on its way to the 
bank of the river, in a few minutes, all thinking the fight was, 
at last, certainly upon them. I rode over to the picket post. 
The outer pickets had fallen back, to ambush the enemy, if 
they approached the bridge. The cavalry of the enemy had 
halted in a lane, standing in open order, on the sides of the 
road, a half mile beyond them, seemingly waiting for orders, 
or for the arrival of additional force. In a short time, however, 
they formed, and started toward town, where they remained 
for a few minutes, and then j)ut otf for their encampment. 
There were just eighty -three of the cavaliy on the road. What 
other force was in town, or beyond, we could not ascertain. 
The "town-full," reported by our Virginia courier — one of the 
"Stonewall Brigade," on furlough here — I think, was made up 
of his excited imagination. A lady — one of our friends, whose 
husband is at Manassas — came out of town, and was passed to 
this side of the river, soon after the Yankees left. She had 
come from the vicinity of Cumberland, avoiding their pickets, 
since morning, in order to inform us of their movements. She 
said it was their purpose to have attacked us, the other morning, 
Avhen they advanced ; but that the rise in the river, rendering 
some fords impassable, and the storm, prevented it. Their 
foi'cc, she says, between here and Cumberland, along the rail, 
is (20,000) twenty thousand. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 403 

The weather is cold — the ground being covered with an ad- 
ditional coat of snow, since last night. Our men are wearied 
almost to death, with necessary duties — duties, which tliey have 
to perform, in the worst of weather — duties, which, though ex- 
posed, as they are, here, cannot be neglected, except at the 
hazard of the whole command. They have never before seen as 
hard and trying times, as now. God knows I pity them, from 
my very heart. ^'^ -!' * * * * * * 

My love to the children and family. 

Affectionately, your husband, 

K. Hatton. 

Camp Near Winchester, Va., 

February 7, 1862. 
My Dear Wipe: — 

I received two letters from home to-day — one of them 
from you, — the other, written by you, for Eeilly. Thank you 
for both. Say to Eeilly, I will write to him very soon. 

We ai-rived here from Romney, yesterday — the men, greatly 
delighted to get this far out of the mountains. We were moved 
from Romney, by order of the Secretary of War, the reason 
assigned, being, that it was not possible to provision the troops 
at that point. The roads were getting so near impassable that 
it would have been certainly difficult, if not impossible, to have 
fed them there. Our brigade was not expecting to get away 
so soon — were told that they had been located for the Winter. 
Some of the boys had built them huts, and were, really com- 
fortably fixed. 

The enemy made no attempt at an attack upon us, after the 
date of my last letter ; nor do I believe they would have done 
so, for some time, if at all. 

Before leaving our camps, Sunday night, by order of Gen. 
Loring, my pickets, as they retired over the river, jDut fire to 
the bridge, arranging so as not to entirely destroy it, but to in- 
jure it so that it coiild not be used by the enemy, without re- 
paring. Our wagon train went out twelve hours ahead of us, 
so that we did not get up with it for 36 hours, and had to lie 
out on the ground — rather on the snow, for the ground was 
covered with it to the depth of eight or ten inches. For rea- 
sons wholly unknown to me, we were ordered to march after 



404 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

1 o'clock, iu the afternoon, a distance of twenty miles before 
we bivouacked. The men were more fatigued than I have seen 
them, many of them having their feet nearly frozen. Poor 
fellows, my heart bled to see them wading streams filled with 
ice, and climbing the mountain road, in many places, so slick 
with ice, as to render an ascent almost impossible. When told, 
at 12 o'clock, that they might stop and rest, they tumbled down 
on the snow, and slept until day-light, as quietly, if not as 
comfortably, as if they had been on beds of feathers. 

When we left our encampment, it was ordered by the Gene- 
ral, that all the baggage we could not carry on our wagons, 
should be burned. My regiment being seven miles beyond 
Eomney, and over from the road, between two mountains, I 
told the General we could not haul more than half of what we 
ordinarily did ; that double teams had been given us to go into 
the place, and it should be furnished us to get out. He said, it 
was impossible, and that we must burn our tents, and whatever 
else we could not haul. No alternative but to obey, was left, 
and we had to comply with the order, to the extent of burning 
more than half of our tents, and throwing away part of the 
cooking utensils. It went much against the grain with us all, 
but, we had to obey. To-day, we got a new supply of tents, 
and will be able to enjoy the comforts of a house of domestic 
again. 

Wo are encamped about two, or two-and-a-half miles from 
Winchester, on the Eomney road. How long we will remain 
here, no one here has any idea. Some, think for the balance of 
the Winter, others say, for only a few days. I have no oijinion 
about it. For mj'self, care not a fig how long or short a time 
we stay. It would be best for the men, to lie hei-e until they 
could recruit. Many of them, poor fellows, are in a poor plight 
for traveling. Many of them, ygvy sick too. We lost a fine 
boy to-day, Johnny Chambex'S, of Capt. Anderson's company. 
I feared, some time ago, he could not stand it, and told him he 
had better be discharged. He Avas a spirited man, however, 
and preferred to hang on and try it. He is gone ! His mess- 
mates, his officers, his company, his i-egiment, will know him 
no more. Oh ! how many of the noble youths of our land are 
falling — falling " like leaves in Autumn weather." 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 405 

The confirmation of Balie Peyton's death jjains me beyond ex- 
pression. Oh, wliat an affliction to father, sister, brother, and 
friends. How hard that such a man, just in the moi*ning of 
manhood, full of life, and noble spirit; gallant, generous, and 
honorable, should be thus cut down. The papers state, that his 
body has been recovered. This is some consolation. It can 
rest by the side of his kindred. Over his tomb, the hand of 
affection can plant flowers, the eye of sympathy shed tears. 

The assurance that father's health is quite restored, gives mc 
great pleasure.* His ill-health has given me much uneasiness, 
mother, too, from accounts, is unusually blessed with health. 1 
thank God, that the old peoj^le are so spared. I hope yet to 
spend with them years of quiet life, where the pleasures of 
home will be enjoyed by us all, free from the troubles and anx- 
ieties incident to such times as the j)resent. 

My own health is still pretty good. So many of the men 
were worn out, as Ave come back from Eomney, that I had to 
give up my horses and walk nearly all the way. Yesterday, 
as I was crossing a large stream, I fell into the water over my 
boots, and got very wet, remained wet until after night. This 
has given me a slight cold. Hope it may not last but a short 
time. John is very well. I furnish him a horse to ride 
all the time, and in camps he has nothing to do, so he is getting 
along finely ; is fat and hearty. Jerry rides the mare most of 
the time, being unwell. He is now better. 

Lieut. Powell is here, looking, I am glad to see, very well. 
Hope he may continue to improve. Capts. Bostick, Williamson, 
and Fry, who were all on the sick list herein Winchester, were 
to see us to-day, looking quite improved. Capt. Oakly had re- 
turned to his company, before we got here. My best love to 
the dear children, and all the family. 

Affectionatel}'-, 

E. Hatton. 



406 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 



AYlNCHESTER, Va., 

February 10, 1862. 
My Dear Son: — 

I am so much engaged, this morning, that I cannot write 

more than a few lines; but I want to say, my dear bey, that I 

thank you for that long letter of yours, which was brought b}' 

Mr. Powell. Your ma was yqyj kind, wasn't she? both to you 

and to me, to write for you so good and so long a letter. 

I am delighted, my son, that you have taken to your books 
so kindly. You are now quite old enough to commence trying, 
in good earnest, to learn. I know you can learn rapidly, by a 
little effort. That j'ou will make it, Reilly, I must not doubt. 
By the time I get home, I shall expect to find you, not only 
reading well, but writing legibly. I would be so delighted, 
darling, if I could hear you reading your verses in the Bible, 
to-night. This is a fine idea of your mother's. When I get 
home, you will read for me. Won't you? I want you not only 
to read the Bible, but in your very childhood, to learn to be gov- 
erned by its precepts. Do this, and you will be happy, as a 
boy, and happy, as well as honored and beloved, as a man. 
The way of life is filled with thorns as well as flowers. The 
flowers we may gather, the thorns we may avoid. How to 
gather the sweetest flowers, and avoid the sharj^est thorns, is 
best learned from the book of God, the Bible. What I mean 
by this, if you do not understand me, your mother will explain. 
Ask her to talk to you about it. When she does, ask your sis- 
ter to listen with you, and then see which of you best compre- 
hend it. Can Many read any ? She will, before I get home, 
no doubt. 

Do you go to grandpa's often, now? Grrandma has fine sup- 
pers, don't she? When the war is over, yoii and I Avill ride out 
there on our horses, very often, and eat with her. Won't we ? 
But is it to get good dinners and suppers, that you most like 
to go out there ? I trust not. Grandpa and grandma are so 
good and kind, love you so well, that is the reason, is it not? 

Give my love to all at home. Don't forget to read and be 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 407 

governed by the teachings of the Bible. Then, God will love 
you more, even, than do your parents. 

Your affectionate father, 

E. Hatton. 
To Master Reilly Hatton. 

Camp Near Winchester, Ya., 

February 12, 18G2. 
My Dear Wipe : — 

This is a bright, clear, cold morning. The sky is with 
out a cloud. The snoAV, which covers the ground reflects back 
the sun's rays so dazzlingly, that it is painful to the eyes to look 
out upon it. All nature here seems quiet, still, strangely so. 
The men are seated around their camp fires, discussing the 
weather, the war, home, etc. Most of them seem cheerful, and 
happy, are resting from their labors, and are freed from the 
hardships incident to a march. They have had much severe 
service of late^suffered terribly. Now, they are located in a 
fine forest, furnishing abundance of good wood ; have excellent 
Avater, and plenty to eat. Their domestic houses are, indeed, 
frail concerns, yet, they do pretty well. If they could remain 
quietly where they are, for a few weeks, they would be greatly 
improved in condition. 

There is a heavy gloom hanging over the minds and hearts of 
our officers, who see, or imagine they see, ill fortune for us, in 
the occurrences of the last few weeks, the last week especially. 
The enemy are making heavy inroads upon us ; have gained 
some decided advantages over us. Still, I do not despair ; nor 
shall I, believing that we shall triumph over all difficulties, over- 
come all obstacles ; believing that truth and God are upon our 
side. He being with us, shall the enemy triumph over us? 
No ! The clouds will yet all drift away, and all will be well' 
with us, if we do right, rely upon Him, who is the friend to the 
right, the enemy of wrong. The weak and timid, the faint- 
hearted, are always doubting, fearing, ready to anticipate evil, 
disaster. Should disaster and utter defeat be our fortune, evil 
stars shine upon us, when there is no ground to stand upon — no 
hope, then, and not 'till then, shall I ever give exjjression to the 



408 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

opinion, that we are not to be successful in this war. Those 
who are at it now, are, in my estimation, unfit for the camps — 
should go home and raise corn for those not so easily dispirited, 
so quick to take and spread alarm. 

One thing has disgusted mo. Men, who were, not long since, 
most eager, seemingly, for war, most full of their boasts of 
nerve and spirit, are now the first and most shameless croakers. 
Poor boasters, j)oor cowards ! The days are dawning that " trj^ 
men's souls." The dross shall disappear from the pure metal ; 
the true from the false-hearted. 

General Loriug has been made a Major G-eneral. This, I 
presume, is well enough. He is a pretty good man, quite an 
average among our Generals. What he will do, or where he 
may go, or want to go, I don't know. What will become of us 
is equally uncertain. It is thought there is a probability of the 
enemy's advancing upon this point — Bank's and Landers' di- 
visions. This may keep us here. Otherwise, we would most 
likel}' go in direction of Tennessee. The recent advances of 
the Lincolnites toward our homes, has made us, extremely 
anxious to be ordered away from here, in order that we may 
share in the defense of our hearths and families. 

John is writing home to-day. He is looking as well as I ever 
saw him. Jerry is also well. Am well mj^sclf, for which I am 
grateful to God. My cold is almost entirely gone. I believe I 
told you in my last letter, that I had been suffering from a bad 
cold. '■= ^= * This will be handed you by Dr. Eob- 
inson. He goes home, and will hand it to you in person. His 
health is not good. HojJC he may recruit during his stay at 
home. 

Oil, when will it be my lot to go home! The word almost 
startles me. Home ! Yes, I've got a home — loved ones there. 
J^ fate, seemingly cruel, separates me from all, most near and 
dear. How long, oh, how long, shall this be? Always? God 
grant it may not. My duty calls me here. My heart is far 
away — away with loved ones at home. I shall go where duty 
calls me. though it be with a bleeding heart. When duty shall 
permit me to go home, I'll leap, and shout, and fly to tliat blest 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT IIATTON. 409 

spot. Until then, may a merciful Grod guard those, so dear to 
my heart, from all evil. May He bless j^ou all. Good bye. 

Affectionately, your husband, 

E. Hatton. 

Winchester, Ya., 

February 21, 1862. 
My Dear Wife : — 

We received a new marching order to-day, directing me 
to move my regiment " to Manassas, by road," which means, to 
march the men there. Day-before-yestei*day, an order was is- 
sued, directing me to go by railroad via Strasburgh to Fred- 
ericksburgh. As it is seventy miles to the junction, and a bad 
road, it will be a heavy march on us. It seems that "the pow- 
ers that be," are determined to fully try the bottom of our boys, 
if it be at the expense of many of their lives. The health of 
the men is now somewhat improved, by the short rest given 
them here. Dr. Fite told me, to-day, that there was no case at 
all dangerous. * j!« ;!< * * ^; 

What will ultimately become of us, no one here can tell. I 
can get no reply to my application, from Richmond ; our rep- 
resentative, there, must be slow, somehow. They might, at 
least, let me know what they have done, or tried to do. As 
nothing, so far, has been accomplished toward getting us to 
Tennessee, I fear we have no longer any chance. I have done 
my utmost, can do no more. Did try yesterday, to obtain leave 
of absence, to go to Richmond, myself, and try, in person, if I 
could not do something with the Secretary of War. Grcneral 
Jackson, however, was unwilling for me to leave my command. 
This was my first and only application for a leave of absence 
from my regiment, since it was formed ; shall hardly make 
another. 

If we do not remain at Manassas, we shall probably go to 
Fredericksburgh or to Evansj)ort — one of the two places, pretty 
certainly. General Holmes, to whose division we are to be at- 
tached, telegraphed for us, on yesterday. Do not know the 
cause of his hurry ; getting apprehensive, I suppose, of the en- 
emy, in his quarter. The Fourteenth Tennessee Eegimont will 



410 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

follow after me, in a few days; the Third Arkansas Eegiment 
is also ordered to report to General Holmes. It will start, the 
day after to-morrow. 

The news -from Tennessee, has greatly troubled me. Our 
arms are seeing sad reverses, indeed ; the enemy growing bold 
and confident. He must be met with '-a will to triumph or die," 
by our men. Thus Onl}", can he bo checked, and driven back ; 
that he ivill be thus met, I shall not 2:)ermit myself to doubt. 
Our news is most vague and unsatisfactory ; still, enough is 
known, to satisfy us that our friends have had to 3'ield, where 
we had hoped they could sustain themselves. 

Say to father and mother, that I will expect you all to get to- 
gether, and either go off, or remain at one house, if the Yankees 
get in our county. What do you desire ? Are you afraid ? If 
so, I want you all to do just what you desire, yourselves, in the 
event referred to — the near approach of the enemy — go South, 
or remain. You could go to some point in the interior of the 
State of Alabama, or Mississippi, and be out of reach of annoy- 
ance, from the enemy. You must not think of the cost; your 
comfort, and that of those so dear to me, at home, must be the 
only consideration. 

The conversation you detail, of Eeilly and Many, touched 
me gi-eatl}'. Eeilly did me justice, when he said, "pa would 
come, if he could." God knows, my heart runs off, this eve- 
ning, to good old Lebanon — to my dear ones there. Could 
start there, now, and foot it, cheerfully, the whole distance, did 
not obedience to ordei's of my superiors, keep me in Virginia. 

I trust it may yet appear for the best, to let us go to Tennes- 
see. If not, I can but submit to rightful authority, and dis- 
charge such duties as are assigned me. This I have faithfully 
striven to do since I entered the service. My conscience is 
clear, before God ; shall do my utmost in the cause in which I 
am enlisted. Whatever may be the result of my efforts, I 
shall have the satisfaction of having endeavored well. Love to 
all; kisses to the dear children. 

Affectionately, your husband, 

E. Hatton. 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 411 



ElCHMOND, Va., 

March 5, 1862. 
My Dear Wipe: — 

Since I last wrote to 3-ou, my regiment has moved from 
Manassas to Evansport, on the Potomac. I am here on busi- 
ness, pertaining to my command ; leave on the morning train, 
for camp. Gen. Anderson, Col. Smith, Maj. Howard, and Capt. 
Bostick, are here ; all, except Capt. B., go with me, to Evansport, 
to-morrow. 

Our location is not a pleasant one, being low and muddy, the 
air damp and cold. Have made ever^^ effort, consistent with 
l)roj)riety and soldierly bearing, to get my regiment ordered to 
Tennessee ; have entirely failed — the President preferring to 
retain us here, whilst othei-s are sent there. His decision may 
be wise; certainly, it is most distasteful to us all, officers and 
men. 

Now that our own homes are invaded, we feel that we should 
be sent there. That we should feel so, is most natural ; that 
our wishes should be disregarded, just now, I regard as some- 
thing unfortunate. 

You can form, Sophie, no adequate conception of the anxiety, 
the pain, that I have experienced, in the thought that my home 
is now within the lines of the enemy; that my wife and chil- 
dren are within their reach, in their powei" — and I remote from 
them, separated by many cruel miles, from all I most love — 
barred away by the arms of an invading soldiery ! How long 
shall this be thus ? God alone knows. I devotedly pray to 
Him that the period may not be protracted. At the end of our 
time of enlistment, I had promised myself so much pleasure in 
seeing loved ones at home ; that the toils and hardships of a 
soldier's life, were submitted to, with cheerfulness; every bur- 
den lightened by the thought, "soon I'll see home, and the 
dear ones there." Now a dark cloud has drifted across my 
sky, and when a bright ray will again meet my anxious eye, 
can only be conjectured. 

We may never meet ! This thought I've had before, when 
away from you. Have never before thought it probable that 



412 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

our final parting had been given. Woic it is probable, and the 
fact that it is so, startles me. Oh, God ! and can it be ? " Thy 
■will, not mine, be done." If not permitted to meet again on 
earth, we may meet in heaven. Cannot a soldier's spirit ascend 
unto God ? It may, if he falls, even on the field of strife, pro- 
vided ho is pure in heart ; feels, that in bearing arms, he is 
fighting for the right, for justice — not for ambition, for what 
he believes is wrong. Before the Lord, my wife, I believe our 
cause is that of right, not of wrong. With a clear conscience, 
I can lead my men to the conflict. If I fall, I shall feel that 
my life has been given to my country. My spirit, I commend 
to the God who gave it. 

Whether it will be possible to get this letter to you, is doubt- 
ful. Have some hope that you will get it. Trust you may. 

Kiss and bless the dear children, for me. Tell them to be 
good, and they will certainly be happy. If they are thought- 
less, disobedient, wicked, they will as certainly be miserable. 
Nor forget my dear old father and mother, sister Mary, and 
Balie, and all the servants. My love to all of them. 

'Now, good-bye, and may God bless you, and keep you, as 
beneath the hollow of His hand, shielding you from all harm. 
Again, good-bj'e. 

"If we meet again, we'U smile: 
II' not, this parting has been 'well.'' 

Affectionately, your husband, 

E. Hatton. 



Ix Camps, near Fredericksburgh, Ya., 

March 18, 18G2. 
My Dear Wipe: — 

Lieut. Ben. Powell leaves us, to-day. Has resigned, on 
account of ill-health. He may be able to got to Lebanon ; if 
not, at least to get letters through to that point. 

We arc encamped in vicinity of Fredericksbui'gh. How long 
we will remain here, cannot be known. John, Jeny, and I, ai»e 
all well. The health of the regiment, generally, is good. None 
of our Lebanon boys sick. A few of the Wilson men are quite 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 413 



ill, left behind us at Strasburgh ; among them, Henry Blair, 
who, I fear, will die, though I hope not. 

Many weary, weaiy months, have passed, since the day we 
parted. How many are to pass, before we meet ? Grod only 
knows. That my home — all that is dearest to me, on earth — 
should be in the hands of the enemy, I can scarcely realize. It is 
so ! How long, oh, how long, shall this be ? My blood leaps and 
boils, at the thought. Providence may have some wise end in 
so ordering it. May -be, we are never again to meet, at least on 
earth. If not, shall we, in another and a better woidd ? My 
earnest prayer to Grod is, that we may — that, "with parents and 
children, we there shall meet — meet,-'to part no more." Say this 
to my dear old father and mother, to sister, and to the children 
— that, as I sit by my camp fire, on the shores of the Eappa- 
hannock, my earnest j)etition to God, is, that He may be merci- 
ful and kind unto you, my wife, and unto them, during your 
stay in this world, and that you all may then find a home — "a 
house not made with hands, eternal in the heavens." 

Say to the children, that, if I never again wi'ite to them, my 
last and earnest counsel to them, is, to " remember their Creator, 
in the days of their youth" — to be truthful, just, kind. Then, 
will they certainly have the love and favor of God, if not of 
the world. May God bless and care for you, sustain you in all 
trials, and save you in heaven, where there shall be neither 
pain nor death. 

Affectionately, your husband, 

Egbert Hatton. 

P. S. — I need not ask you to write to me as opportunity may 
offer. I know you do it. 

Am more closely employed, now, day and night, than ever 
before. E. H. 

In Camp, near Yorktown, Va, 

Ar)ril 30, 1862. 
My Dear Wipe: — 

Young Floyd, one of our regiment, starts home, this 

morning. At least, he is discharged from service, and says he 

will go home, if practicable. Hoping that, by possibility, he 



414 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

may get through, I write a word by him. None of those by 
whom I have, of late, sent letters to you, have gotten them 
through to you. Hence, I am not encouraged to write, now, 
more than to say I am very well, and getting along, as usual. 
Johnnie, who has been, until the last few days, in most excel- 
lent health, is complaining a little. Fearing lest he might have 
a spell of sickness, if he remained in camps, I sent him up to 
Williamsburgh, to stay, until he gets well. He went, day-be- 
fore-yesterday ; Jerry went with him. He got into a good 
house, and was made very comfortable. Heard from him, last 
night. He was much better. Look for him back again, in a 
day or two. He will continue in my mess. Has a good horse 
to ride ; has had, ever since his return from Tennessee, and gets 
along finely. 

Of our surroundings, here, it is not proper for me to speak. 
We came here, on foot, from Fredericksburgh — a long and 
heavy march. Are now encamped near where Washington 
and his compatriots triumphed over the English, under Corn- 
wallis. 

My regiment is in fine condition, still maintaining its repu- 
tation as one of the very best in the Confederacy. I was re- 
elected, without any opposition. Col. Goodner and Maj . Howard 
were also re-elected. Only four of our old Captains were re- 
elected. Several of them were not candidates. 

Quite a number of the Lieutenants were superseded. Most 
of the ofiicers not retained in their places, have gone to Eich- 
mond. Most of them will go to Tennessee. Some of the 
changes made in officers may be for the best; most of them, I 
much regret. 

And the Yankees are at Lebanon? My house surrounded by 
a hostile foe ! Middle Tennessee given up to Lincoln ! 

Are we not even to hear from each other, now? I Avas 
greatly disappointed at not getting a letter from you, by the 
same hands who brought long ones, dated" 13th inst., to Maj. 
Howard, and a number of others in the regiment. Mrs. Arm- 
field wrote that you were well, when she passed through Leb- 
anon. Mrs. Howard, and several of the other ladies, wrote by 
her, giving a good deal of news of the doings of the Federals 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 415 

at Lebanon. "Was pained and disgusted at part of what I 
heard. These are strange times, giving rise to strange things. 
May God, in His mercy, shield me from the shame and mortifi- 
cation, worse than death, of ever hearing that any of my rela- 
tions have bent before the storm. " Should M\y of them do it, I 
would never want to see them again. Some have this shame to 
boar. From my heart, I pity them. How those who have 
relatives and friends in the army of the South, can give com- 
fort or countenance to the men who would destroy them, is be- 
yond comprehension. Some are born to baseness. Such are 
they who can have fellowship with the enemies of their nearest 
relatives, their best friends. A day of retribution will come. 
All shall receive their reward — those who have done well, and 
"those who have done evil." 

How are the dear children ? May God protect the dear ones 
from disease and death — shield them and their mother from all 
harm, and keep them as in the hollow of His hand. May He be 
to them, a Father, and to you, a Husband, during the absence 
of him who may never again see home or family. If my life is 
spared, I trust the time is not far distant when we shall see 
each other. Oh, the very thought thrills my soul ! Since we 
parted, it seems like many years. Since then, what events 
have occurred, to mark the world's history. How many hearts 
have bled — how many homes made desolate ! God will have 
vengeance, yet, and full and terrible vengeance, on the Avicked 
and selfish, the base and ungenerous men, who, impelled by 
unhallowed and contemptible purposes, seek the ruin and de- 
struction of those, in all respects, better than themselves. My 
views and purposes have, however, been recently so fully given 
you, in my letters, that all I could say would be little more than 
repetition. 

The young man is waiting to start for the boat, and fears he 
will be too late. Did not know, until this morning, he was 
going to leave, to-day; and, since then, I have had to review, 
inspect and muster my regiment, which has consumed the day. 
Others, who have had more time, have written, I suppose, 
fully. 

Give my best love to father, and mother, and sister, and Balie, 



416 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

and remember me kindly to my iriends in Wilson. Saj^ to 
them, their boys in the army will never disgrace them. Some 
of the officers may get within the lines, and reach home. If 
BO, from them you will learn what I have not time to write. 

And now, dear Sophie, good-bj^e ; may the very God of 
mci'C}' guard you, and our. dear children, who arc so far from 
me. May we meet again. If this is not granted on earth, it 
will be, if we are not sinful, in heaven. Again, love to all. 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

CniCKAHOMINY ElVER, 12 MlS. FROM ElCHMOND, Va., 

May 21, 1862. 
My Dear Wife : — 

Mr. starts to-day, in the direction of Tennessee. 

Thinks he can get a note to you, anjdiow, so I write a word. 
Intended writing you a long letter, by him, but was called off 
from our camp, which is within some six or seven miles of 
Richmond, ycsterda}" morning, and have not been back since. 
He has kindly rode out to see me, before starting, and given me 
the piece of paper to write on. 

I am here with the First Tennessee Eegiment, Col. Turney, 
to supi:)ort Gen. Stewart's cavalry, in guarding the crossing at 
Bottom Bridge. Our pickets have just brought in a Yankee 
Sergeant, caught over the river ; he says they are in large force, 
within two-and-a-half miles of us. They were there, however, 
yesterday morning, and what they intend doing, we can only 
conjecture. The Seventh and Fourteenth Regiments, and our 
battery, are back at our camps. John and Jerry are well — 
were on yesterday. John has gotten quite well again ; ray own 
health — thanks to the goodness of God, is very good. Of 
events transpiring, and about to transpire, here, I can say but 
little. You w^ill hear many exaggerated and false reports about 
all our movements. Believe nothing. Sophie, that does not 
come in the most direct manner, and through entirely reliable 
sources. We cannot tell what to credit, of what is reported to 
us, as occurring in our very midst. I go along, and do what I 
conceive to be my duty, and trouble myself but little about 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 417 



anything taking place around mo. My only trouble, my dear 
wife, is, in reference to the dear ones at home. That m}^ wife 
and children should be surrounded by the enemy, and that a 
fight should have taken place in sight of where they are domi- 
ciled, pains me, Soj)hie, beyond expression. We have just re- 
ceived the account of Morgan's surprise and defeat, in Lebanon. 
Oh, how you must have been alarmed, and the dear children, 
too. May your trust in God be strong, and may He shield you, 
as beneath the shadow of His wing, and keep you and the chil- 
dren from all harm. Be brave-hearted ; don't be low-spirited; 
never despair, but what all will be right, yet. Don't doubt 
but that God will do all things well. Let us strive to love the 
Lord, and keep His commandments, and whatever fate may 
then betide us, we may trust Him, assured of His love and 
protection. * >i< * * * * * 

My hope has been, for months, that something would occur, 
to enable me to see you soon. So far, all has been disappoint- 
ment ; still, I hope, Sophie, that the time is not far distant, 
when I shall see you and the children. It would be but a 
weakly and sickly expression of my feelings, if I were to say, 
that I have never felt such anxiety to see you, and those so dear 
to us. It has now been so many long, long, weary months since 
we parted, that it seems as if years had passed during the pe- 
riod. The continued anxiety I have felt, on account of those 
at home, has made the time doubly long. If I could only feel 
that you are all safe and happy, then I could have some com- 
fort, myself; then, with cheerfulness could I endure all the 
toils — submit to all the dangers and hardships of a soldier's 
life. May a gracious God bless you, and all our dear ones — 
parents and children — with health, and make you happy and 
cheerful ; may Ho keep you all from every harm, and grant 
unto us — if to Him it seems best — a speedy and joyous 
meeting. 

Mr. Tarver is waiting; he goes to Eichmond, this evening; 
so I must bid you, my dear wife, adieu. Oh, may the very 
God of all mercy, guard and bless you ! Kiss the dear chil- 
dren for mo ; tell them to be good and hapjjy. Love to father, 
mother, sister, Balie. Remember me kindly to the servants, 
27 



418 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

and tell them to be good. Jerry says he wants to see you all 
very much ; he is a faithful servant. 

Again, may God bless you all, is my earnest prayer. 
Affectionately, your husband, 

R. Hatton. 
Mrs. S. K. Hatton, Lebanon, Tenn. 



THE LAST LETTER TO HIS WIFE. 

Camp of Tennessee Brigade, '\ 

Near Eichmond, Va., V 
6^ o'clock, P. 31., May 28, 1861. ) 
My Dear Wife : — 

My brigade will move in an hour from its encampment, 
en route for Meadow Bridge, on the Chickahominy. "We go to 
attack the enemy on to-morrow, beyond the river. A general 
engagement between our, and the enemy's forces, all along our 
entire line, is expected to ensue. May the God of Right and 
Justice smile upon us, in the hour of conflict. The struggle, 
will, no doubt, be bloody; that we will triumph, and that glor- 
iously, I am confident. Would that I might bind to my heart, 
before the battle, my wife and children. That pleasure may 
never again be granted me. If bo, farewell ; and may the God 
of all mercy be to you and ours, a guardian and friend. 

" If we meet again, we'll smile ; 
If not, this parting has been well." 

Affectionately, your husband, 

R. Hatton. 
Mrs.S. K. Hatton, Lebanon, Tenn. 

P. S. — Johnnie and Jerry are well ; Howard, Bostick, Good- 
ner, and most of the Lebanon men, are in good health. Have 
not written you anything about my promotion. It was all done 
without my knowledge, by Generals Anderson, Smith, and 
Johnston, upon whose recommendation, I was appointed. 

Again, good-bye. R. H. 



LIFE OF OENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 419 



LAST "WORDS" TO HIS FATHER AND MOTHER. 

A Word to My Dear Mother: — 

I go early, to-morrow, mother, en route for the field 
of battle. A terrible and bloody fight is promised us. In the 
midst of the confusion of getting ready, I sit down, to say to 
you, dear mother, God bless you. You have been to me, all a 
mother ever was to a man — loving, kind, unremitting in your 
efforts for my comfort and happiness. If I should not return, 
be a mother to my wife and children. God bless you, my own 
dear old mother. 

Affectionately, 

E. Hatton. 

A Word to My Dear Old Father: — 

God bless you, my dear father. A tenderer, more 
loving father, never lived ; to me, you have been the best of 
fathers. If I never return, let all your affection lavished in 
the past, upon me, be transferred to Sophie and her children. 
Let her never be left alone, but be comforted and cheered by 
the company of my parents. 

Affectionately, 

R. Hatton. 



Thus closed the correspondence of General Hatton with his 
wife, mother and father. To them, he wrote not again. The 
presentiment, which seems to have fastened itself upon his 
mind, and, to which, occasional reference is made in the prece- 
ding letters, was soon to be sadly, painfull}^ verified. Who can 
fully describe the emotions that swelled his bosom, while he 
penned the "farewell" letter to his wife and children, and the 
last "words" to his venerable parents, impressed with the idea, 
that he would see them no more on earth ! To one of his tem- 
perament, one who loved family and friends as ardently and 
devotedly as he, it was painful in the extreme. But he trusted 



420 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

in God, and with becoming resignation, calmly and heroically 
met the fate that awaited him. 

The following communication, from an eye-witness, Caj)tain 
Andrew B. Martin, of General Hatton's staif, will give the 
reader an idea of the movements of the Tennessee Brigade, as 
commanded by General Hatton, np to the evening of the 31st 
of May : 

Lebanon, Tennessee, 

May 31,1S67, 
Mr. J. V. Drake : — 

Dear Sir : 

That portion of Gen. Hatton's life, to 
which you direct my attention, is comprised in the brief space 
of eight days. 

His commission as Brigadier General, in the Provisional 
Army of the Confederate States, which lies before me now, 
stained with the blood of his heart, bears date the 23d May, 
1862. He reported immediately for duty, to Gen. Jos. E. John- 
ston, and was at once placed in command of the Fifth Brigade, 
of the First Division, First Corps, Army of Yirginia, comprising 
three Tennessee Eegiments, — Turney's, first, the seventh and 
fourteenth. He accejDted the position with reluctance, and with 
a profound sense of its responsibilities. And while his com- 
rades gathered around him to offer their congratulations, he 
alone, seemed oppressed with doubt and apprehension. A sense 
of duty to his country and to the soldiers who had followed 
him, however, prevailed over other considerations, and he en- 
tered, with characteristic earnestness, upon the discharge of 
his new duties. 

Our army was retiring from the Peninsula, in the direction 
of Richmond, and was, already, within fifteen miles of the city. 

Gen. Hatton was directed to bring up the rear of the ai*my 
upon the Bottom Bridge road, with special instructions to de- 
velop the strength of the enemy at all available j)oints. The 
importance of the work assigned him, and the difficulty of sat- 
isfactorily executing such orders, all soldiers will readily aj)- 
preciatc. Daily skirmishing with a superior enemy, before 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 421 

whom you arc retreating, necessitates the rapid movement and 
disposition of your forces, and taxes, perhaps, as much as any- 
thing else, the skill and address of an officer. And yet, this 
duty was not only performed satisfactorily by Gen. Hatton, but 
in such a manner as to attract the attention, and commendation 
of his superior officers, and upon reaching the lines about Eich- 
mond, he was able to make an accurate and reliable report of 
the strength that was in front of him. 

On the 28th May, Gen. Hatton's command was retired behind 
the lines, and bivouacked in the suburbs of Eichmond, with the 
announcement, that when it marched again, it would be to 
battle. 

The quick march to and fro of heavy battallions, the occa- 
sional boom of artillery, the general animation which always 
pervades large armies upon the eve of battle, the great stake 
which hung upon the issue here, the Capital of the Confederacy, 
were incontrovertible evidences that the great historic shock of 
the revolution was at hand. Gen. Hatton, sleepless and vigi- 
lant, and as I have frequently thought, impressed with his im- 
pending death, moved through the ranks of his men in careful 
inspection of their readiness for the conflict, confirming their 
confidence, and dissipating doubt wherever he went. At this 
distance, the contemplation of the last eight days of General 
Hatton's life, leaves the impression upon the mind, that he was 
struggling to compress, within that period, the energies and 
efforts of a life-time. 

At 2 o'clock, on the morning of the 31st of May, under or- 
ders from Maj.-Gen. Gustavus W. Smith, Gen. Hatton's com- 
mand was accoutered for the march, and at dawn, it moved for 
the battlefield of " Seven Pines." At an earl}^ hour in the day, 
he was halted in the reserve line, upon the brow of a hill which 
overlooked the scene of the conflict, where he remained until 6 
o'clock of the afternoon. The battle opened at noon, or shortly 
after. Gen. Hatton exhibited, during the day, considerable im- 
patience to engage his troops, who fired by the example of their 
leader, became as eager as he, for the fray. At the hour of 6 
o'clock p. M., his brigade was called for, and at a double quick, 
in column of fours, it moved in the direction of the heaviest 



422 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

firing. In a little field, that will be remembered by every mem- 
ber of his brigade, it was halted, and the line fi)rmed under the 
immediate eye of Gens. Johnson and Lee, and President Davis, 
also, who was upon the field. 

Gen. Hatton was mounted upon his favorite bay horse, which 
had borne him faithfully in the severe campaigns of North- 
Western Yirginia, over the Cheat Mountain, and Sewcll Moun- 
tain, and throughout the celebrated campaign to Bath, Hancock, 
and Eomney, under Stonewall Jackson. He reined the splen- 
did and impatient animal in fi-ont of his brigade, and rodefi'om 
one end of it to the other, cheering his men, admonishing them 
to bear themselves like soldiers under the eye of their beloved 
President, and to preserve unsullied, their own honor, and the 
prestige of Tennessee soldieiy. His face was flushed with ex- 
citement, his eye gleamed with a strange light, and his upright and 
unyielding form, presented in the uncertain light of the evening, 
and the heavy smoke and gloom of the battlefield, the imperso- 
nation of military glory. I felt, at the time, that there never 
was seen a nobler specimen of a soldier, and that the fatal 
bullet would never bleed a braver heart. A deafening fire was 
going on just in his front, and the minnie balls were hissing 
over the heads of his brigade, and through the ranks. It was 
just at this moment that Gen. Jos. E. Johnston, was struck with 
a ball, receiving a wound which relieved him of the command 
of the Army of Yirginia, in which he was succeeded, in a few 
days, permanently by that great man, Gen. Lee. Gen. Johnston, 
was taken to the rear, at once, but his bearing was so gallant 
that it extracted a cheer from Hatton's brigade, which the Gen- 
eral acknowledged, by raising his hat. Gen. Gustavus W. 
Smith, who, temporarily succeeded to the command of the 
army, in person, directed Gen. Hatton to move forward with 
his brigade, and attack the enemy. Immediately, the clear 
sounding voice, of General Hatton, was heard commanding, 
"Attention, forward, quick-step, march !" 

The result, of this gallant and devoted charge, is already a 
part of the written history of the great struggle from which 
we have just emerged. Pressing on, under the noble example 
of a fearless leader, the enemy's works were gained, only to be 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 423 

abandoned. With thinned and bleeding ranks, and bearing 
the dead body of its G-eneral, the brigade retired under a mer- 
ciless fire, to the point where its line was originally formed for 
the charge, and there, in the long chilly darkness of that night, 
no surviving member of the old brigade has forgotten the deej)- 
er darkness that settled in inconsolable grief upon his heart. 

Thus closed the occurrences of this day, five years ago, and 
thus closed the career of a man, the influence of whose example, 
for good, will be felt in this country long after the men who 
knew him have passed off the stage, and are, themselves, for- 
gotten. A christian gentleman, a warm friend, a tender and 
affectionate husband and father, a valuable citizen, a brave and 
devoted patriot and soldier, he sleeps now, a dead hero of the 
revolution. Self-sacrifice, and the fearless discharge of every 
duty characterized his career as a soldier, and upon the illus- 
trated page of his country's struggle, he will be found in the 
picture, near the flashing of the cannon. He fell beneath the 
muzzle of hostile guns, and the roar of musketry and shrieking 
shell, mingled with the shout of a momentary victory which his 
own intrepidity had won, were the last sounds that fell upon his 
ear. If we are permitted to take with us to th^ other world, 
the last impressions of this, the brave veterans of the old brig- 
ade who have survived the bloody struggle, will hardly wish 
to call their General back, for his banner never went down, and 
the cause to him was never lost. h^ ^ ^ ^ 

I am, your friend and obedient servant, 

Andrew B. Martin. 



Of the many notices of G-eneral Hatton's death, we present 
the following, by Lieut.-Col. John K. Howard, as pubblished in 
a Richmond paper: 

THE LATE GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

"The Richmond Dispatch, of Saturday morning, 31st of May, 

announced, in befitting terms, the appointment of Col. Robert 

Hatton, as a Brigadier-General, in the Army of the Confederate 

States. At sunset, the same day, he died in battle, heroically 



424 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

discharging his duty. General Hatton was a native of Ohio, 
and citizen of Tennessee. His father (yet living) is the Eev. 
E. C. Hatton, a widely-known Methodist Minister, of great 
purity of character. General Hatton was thirty-six years of 
age. At an early age, he entered the Cumberland University, 
at Lebanon, Tenn. Not born in affluence, he lacked means to 
complete his collegiate education. Money was tendered him by 
many friends ; but, with the sturdy independence, which was 
the marked feature of his character, he declined all ofters, and, 
by teaching school, he soon acquired means, and gi-aduated with 
distinction. At once, he was appointed Tutor, and at the end of 
a year, entered the Law School of the University, again gradu- 
ating with distinction. At the bar, he soon assumed a fii'st po- 
sition ; he was an able, energetic and successful lawyer. His 
client's cause was always his own cause. In 1855, he repre- 
sented the county of Wilson in the General Assembly of Ten- 
nessee. In 1856, he was on the Fillmore and Donelson electo- 
ral ticket, and made a brilliant canvass. In 1857, he was the 
candidate of his party for Governor of Tennessee. In 1859, 
he was elected to the House of Eepresentatives of the United 
States Congress. Up to the publication of Lincoln's infamous 
proclamation, General Hatton was a decided Union man. He 
at once saw there was no hope for the South, but in resistance. 
He soon raised a fine company, and at the organization of the 
Seventh Tennessee Eegiment, on the 27th of May, 1861, he was 
elected Colonel. He has not since seen his once pleasant, but 
now desolate, home. General Hatton was a military man, by 
instinct; and he had studied hard, to make himself master of 
the details of his new profession. Eigid and energetic in his 
discipline, he was yet greatly beloved and respected by his sol- 
diers. In his high courage, incorruptible integrity, and fine 
judgment, they had unbounded confidence. The last time the 
writer of this saw him, he was in the charge, waving his hat. 
Even in the midst of the roar of arms, his voice was heard, 
cheering his men. 

In a few moments, his favorite horse, "Ball," was killed under 
him. He extricated himself from his horse, and dashed for- 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 425 

ward. Ho had hardly gone thirtj'- steps, when he fell, pierced 
by a Minnie ball, and died without a struggle. 

In the noble army now assembled around the Capital, there is 
not a truer, braver, more gallant spirit, than Eobert Hatton. 
He was a Christian soldier, and had long been a devout mem- 
ber of the Methodist Church. 

G-eneral Hatton leaves a wife and three young children. 
"When the news of the battle of Saturday reaches Lebanon, 
there will be deep grief A whole community will assemble 
around the stricken widow of our General ; and the mothers of 
the noble boys who fell by his side, will mingle their tears with 
hers. General Hatton's remains will be removed to Tennessee. 
When independence and peace is restored to this now distracted 
land, his soldiers will see to it that his grave is marked by a 
stone, which shall commemorate the noble and manly virtues 
of his heroic character. . J. K. H. 

The Victims op the War. — A Tennessee correspondent of 
the Louisville Journal laments over the loss of life aro.ong the 
rising generation, of its most generous spirits: "Take, for ex- 
ample," says be, "a few of the young men of my acquaintance, 
in this State. There was Eobert Hatton, formerly a member of 
Congress from Tennessee, who fell at the great battle of Seven 
Pines, leading a desperate charge. He was, at the time, a 
Brigadier-General. He was a brave and gallant officer. A 
young man of splendid talents, finished education, a mind richly 
stored with the political history of the country, and fired with a 
laudable ambition, he was fast winning his way to an honorable 
and lasting fame. Few public men, in our country, have rose 
more rapidly to positions of honor and distinction ; and few, 
indeed, had a brighter prosj^ect in the future, than Eobert 
Hatton. He was one of the purest, noblest and best men 
whose public life and services have ever adorned the annals of 
Tennessee. His noble character, his kind and genial heart, 
his open, frank and manly nature, made him a favorite, wher- 
ever known, and bound around him troops of such friends as 
alone clung to the fortunes of his great exemplar, Henry 
Clay! 



426 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

"There tire others — along list, of "^vliose virtues and noble 
qualities of mind and heart, I "would like to dwell ; but space 
forbids. There is Col. John K. Howard, of Lebanon, a young 
man of genius, and great promise; Col. C. H. Williams, of 
Memphis, (son of the late Hon. C. H. Williams, of Tennessee,) 
who, had he lived, would have, doubtless, ranked second to but 
few of the eminent jurists of the State; Brigadier-General 
James E. Eaines, of Nashville, a child of genius, and a favorite, 
wherever known ; Capt. Balie Peyton, Jr.; Col. Alfred Eobb, of 
Clarkesville; Maj. John F. Henry; Capt. James Hamilton, and 
W. E. Webber, of Memphis ; and that genial gentleman, the 
gallant, accomplished and noble-hearted Andrew J. Polk, of 
Maury county. These, and hundreds of other familiar names, 
among the rising young men of Tennessee, not to speak of the 
lamented Zollicoffer, and Preston Smith, are the victims of this 
cruel, unnecessary and wicked war. 

" Here are some of the evil fruits, just in one State. These are 
some of the precious and jDriceless jewels, which this war has 
cost a small portion of this great country. And what part of 
the nation has not suffered a like sacrifice ? and who cannot re- 
call equally as large a number of young men of promise, who 
have been slaughtered in this war, concocted by demagogues, 
and thrust upon the people by unprincipled tricksters of party?" 



GENERAL HATTONS FAMILY. 



General Hatton leaves a wife and three children — a son and 
two daughters. Who can imagine the depth of the sorrow 
and anguish, that filled their hearts, upon the reception of 
the sad news of his death? The bright dream of long life and 
happiness, in the society of him who Avas the family idol, had 
now vanished. He, upon whom their hearts and hopes were 
fondly placed, had been suddenly cut down, to rise no more! 
Oh, God, wilt Thou not remember the widow and the orphans. 



LIFE or GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 427 

the mother and sisters, to comfort them in their day of afflic- 
tion and sorrow ? May they remember Thy promises — which 
fail not to the faithful — that Thou wilt be a husband to the 
widow, and a Father to the fatherless. May they be enabled 
to understand the philosophy of being, and to appropriate and 
comprehend, in some degree, the language of the poet : 

" In a trial world, like this, 

Where all that comes is sent. 
Learn how divine a thing 'tis, 
To smile and be content." 

Of him whom they mourn, it may be truly said : 

" None knew him but to love him, 
Nor named him, but to praise." 

The remembrance of Robert Hatton has penetrated an innu- 
merable host of friends, who weep bitter tears of anguish over 
his sad and untimely death, and will ever fondl}^ cherish his 
memory within their "heart of hearts." In the bloom and full 
vigor of glorious manhood, was he stricken down. A career, 
already brilliant, and crowned with many acts that will hand 
down his name to posterity — a career, had it been uncheked, 
that would have placed his name first among the honored sons 
of Tennessee, and made her future annals radiant with his 
achievements — has been cut short by the stern, inexorable hand 
of death. Many an eye has, and long will, moisten with the 
tender and endearing recollections of the man, and a just ap- 
preciation of his high and noble character. Brave, generous, 
gallant Robert Hatton ! Thy j)ure spirit has departed from the 
walks of men, but the sad and dear remembrance of thee will 
endure — fresh and vivid, forever! 



APPENDIX. 



I. — My Imprefsions of the late Gen. Hatton. 

N. Lawrence Lindsley, L. L. D. 

II. — Imprefsions of the late Gen. Robert Hatton. 

Geu. Alkx. p. Stewart. 

III. — Gen. Hatton's efforts to preserve the health of 
his men. 

Dr. J. L. FiTE. 

IV. — Sketch of his Life and Character. 

ROLFE S. Saunders. 

V. — Funeral Ceremonies. 

By the Odd Fellows and Citizens. 

VI. — Extract of Oration. 

B}' Adjutant G. A. Howard. 



APPENDIX. 



The following tribute to the memoiy of Gen. Hatton is from 
the pen of his preceptor in languages, Dr. N. Lawrence Lincls- 
ley, formerly Professor of Languages in Cumberland University, 
but now, Principal of that model school for young ladies, 
" Greenwood Seminary." 

Greenwood, near Lebanon, Tenn., 

March 29, 1867. 
My Dear Sir: — 

You wish me, if I mistake not, to communicate my im- 
pressions of the late Gen. Hatton, as spontaneously formed du- 
ring the period of my personal intercourse with him in Cum- 
berland University, and since. 

In his various College performances, Gen. Hatton satisfied 
ever}^ expectation, and daily grew in general esteem. None 
questioned his sincerity and uprightness, and his personal bear- 
ing was, in a rare degree, chivalrous and noble. He was an 
indefatigable student; and, notwithstanding his early disad- 
vantages, and defective preparation for the class into which he 
was admitted, he achieved high distinction in mathematics and 
languages, and was regai-ded ^rm^s inter pares in the literature, 
science, philosophy, and politics, of ancient and modern times. 
He was familiar, not merely with the mechanism and grammar 
of the Greek and Latin tongues, [always giving 'ra ovra <bg 
ovra Kol TO, fxri ovra <lig ovk ovra,''] but was deej)ly imbued with 
the spirit of the gi-eat authors. No student worked harder, or 
better deserved his diploma. 

Throughout his brief but brilliant career, as lawyer, states- 



432 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

man and soldier, Gen. Hatton never remitted his studies ; con- 
secrating, as he did, every leisure moment to professional and 
general literature. In a friendly correspondence, continued to 
the close of his life, he favored me, inter alia, with notes in 
Latin, and others in which his Hellenic zeal was strikingly ex- 
hibited in citations, from favorite authors, gracefully penned in 
Greek characters. In these languages, as in English, he was a 
fii'st rate prosodist. 

Gen. Hatton was a great and good man. Always the Chris- 
tian gentleman, his person, presence and carriage were so re- 
markable that he seldom entered the ohurch, or Avalked the 
streets, or appeared in any company, without arresting attention, 
or creating a sensation, not of surprise or wonder, but of ad- 
miration — a tribute as cordially yielded as it was richly de- 
served. 

But it was in social intercourse, and in the relations of pri- 
vate and domestic life, that the crowning virtues in General 
Hatton's career, were fully displayed. He was animated by 
the loftiest sense of personal honor, and, with characteristic 
magnanimity, he considered wealth to be valuable, only as a 
powerful instrument of doing good. His liberality went to the 
extent of his means. He honored his parents ; he cherished 
kinsman, friend and neighbor; he loved brother and sister, and 
wife and child, and cultivated all the other gentle humanities, 
with a steadiness and warmth of soul that signally endeared 
him to the people among whom he dwelt. He had such ac- 
quaintance with the standard writers of our language, especi- 
ally the historians and poets, as enabled him to adorn his con- 
versation with the most apposite illustrations. Possessing col- 
loquial powers of rare order, and a flow of unstudied eloquence 
seldom surpassed, all admired and enjoyed the enthusiasm of a 
mind so rich, cultivated, practical and sincere. 

Wlien a character, like Hatton, arises, the world will believe 
that truth, patriotism and heroism are living, real things, and 
not names, as the dying martyr of Philippi pronounced them. 
His early struggles and experience in the State schools, com- 
bined with later observation of their failure to confer upon the 
people, the blessings of education, led him, in common with 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 433 

other enlightened observers, to realize the necessity of some 
specific preliminary prej)aration for the office of teacher. To 
afford this instruction, is the object of Normal Schools — the 
name normal being derived from a Latin word, signifying a rule, 
standard, or law. General Hatton availed himself of the first 
opportunity, in the Legislature of which he was a distinguished 
member, to introduce a bill for the establishment of a Normal 
School, which he advocated, in a speech of remarkable force, 
and earnest eloquence, that testified to the intense interest he 
felt in the success of the measure. Notwithstanding the un- 
answerable manner in which he discussed the claims of Edu- 
cation as a science, and Teaching as an art ; despite the over- 
whelming arguments attesting the necessity of the professional 
education of Teachers, and of institutions specially devoted to 
this object; and in spite of statistics proclaiming the transcend- 
ent benefits, resulting, during the last fourth of a century, from 
similar establishments in other lands, on both sides of the At- 
lantic, the patriotic and gifted speaker was doomed to disap- 
pointment ; though the change of a single vote, on the final 
reading, would have turned defeat into victory. To his suc- 
cessors, in the Congress of the State, this great enterprise re- 
mains, being one of unabated and ever -urgent interest. For, 
if the lamp of Education be quenched, 

" I know not where is that Promethean heat, 
That can its light relume." 

"With this brief testimonial to the exalted worth of him, 

whose biography engages your pen, I have the pleasure to 

remain, 

Yery sincerely, 

N. Lawrence Lindsley. 
J. V. Brake, Esq. 



Lieut.-Gen. A. P. Stewart, late of the C. S. Army, and 
now Professor of Mathematics, in Cumberland University, 
speaks thus of his friend and pupil : 
28 



434 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 



Memphis, Tenn., 

May 13, 1867. 
Mr. J. V. Drake, 

Dear Sir: — 

Your letter of April 15th, was received some 
time since. A reply would have been sent sooner, but for want 
of leisure to make a suitable one. Even now, after so lona: an 
interval, I find myself very imperfectly prepared to give a cor- 
rect and detailed account of my impressions of the late General 
Robert Hatton. 

My acquaintance with him, began when he entered Cumber- 
land University, as a student, which must have been in 1846-'7. 
Though not thoroughly prepared, he was admitted to one of 
the regular classes, and graduated with high distinction. The 
class was small, and composed of young men of fine promise, 
whose subsequent careers have more than justified the high ex- 
pectations then formed of them. Notwithstanding his inade- 
quate ^preparation, Hatton sustained himself with great credit, 
and soon became, perhaps, primus inter pares. From the com- 
mencement of his collegiate life, he displayed those qualities of 
mind and character which so thoroughly marked him to the 
close of his brief, but glorious career. He was always punc- 
tual, and well-prepared for recitation; carefully observant of 
all College regulations, and an advocate of good order and sub- 
ordination to proper authority. The fine intellect, the lofty 
ambition, the lion-like courage, the chivalric spirit, the noble- 
ness of nature, that made him incapable of a meanness, all 
these distinguishing traits shone in him while still a youth at 
College. 

For a time, he filled the oflSce of Tutor in the College, and, I 
believe, discharged his duties with fidelity and skill, and to the 
entire satisfaction of the Faculty. 

Of his life, after leaving College, it is not necessary for me to 
speak, as you will, doubtless, do amj)le justice to that portion of 
his history. He seemed to me well calculated to shine, both in 
the Senate and the camp; and, had his life been prolonged, he 
would have played a conspicuous part in the late war. I know 



LIFE OP GENEKAL ROBERT HATTON. 435 

he was attached to the Union ; and believe his course, in regard 
to the "war, was prompted by a sense of duty. Doubtless, he 
saw, as many others did, that, the war having commenced, the 
only altertnatives for the South, were, i7idependence, or — svbju- 
gation. 

He fell early, but gloriously, at the head of his brigade ; and 
of the many noble victims sacrificed by the South, on the altar 
of Constitutional Liberty, there was not one more noble than 
Eobert Hatton. 

Can it be that the blood of such men has been shed in vain ? 
and that the result of such costly sacrifices will be the final step 
from anarchy to absolute power? 

Very respectfully, yours, 

Alex. P. Stewart. 



TESTIMONY OF ASSISTANT-SURGEON J. L. FITE. 

Lebanon, Tenn., 

Maij 24, 1867. 
Mr. J. V. Drake, 

Dear Sir: — 

I take pleasure in responding to your re- 
quest for a short sketch, containing something relative to the 
connection and dealings of the lamented General Eobert Hat- 
ton, with the Medical Department of his command, during his 
short but brilliant career, as Colonel and Brigadier-General in 
the Confederate Army. 

The mistaken idea prevailed, during the early months of the 
war, that the Eegimental Surgeon, alone, was resj^onsible for 
the health of the troops, and that it was a subject of minor im- 
portance. 

The forethought and jDrudence, so absolutely essential in the 
characters of military commanders, to enable them to enter 
into, and carefully consider, the minor details so necessary for 
the preservation and efficiency of their men, were considered, 



436 LIFE OP GENERAL EGBERT HATTON. 

by most volunteei^ officers, as derogatory to their official duties. 
The result of this ignorance and neglect was plainly perceiv- 
able, before the close of the first year of the war, in the frightful 
mortality lists of nearly all the Confederate regiments. 

The actual strength and efficiency of an army, depends, as 
much upon the physical development and health of the men, as 
upon the number of enlistments. Therefore, the hygiene of 
camps, and the constant susceptibility of the soldier to disease, 
were subjects of such vast importance, that they required the 
especial attention of military officers. The radical change of 
life, with volunteers, from the ordinary civil pursuits, to mili- 
tary life, with its fatigue, privation, exposure, and rigid dis- 
cipline, produced a physical revolution in the soldier, that dis- 
posed his system to diseases, which differed, in many respects, 
from the common forms of sickness, observed in the routine of 
civil practice. The number of killed, in the army, was small, 
when compared with the victims of disease ; and particularly 
was this the case, whenever the claims of hygiene were not 
duly considered, and their actual necessities acknowledged by 
the commanding officer. Many of the causes of disease were 
counteracted by the efficient police regulations of the camp. 

The inevitable accumulations of poisonous matter, resulting 
from the growing infection of the soil, with its insalubrious 
emanations in camps, where police duty was neglected b}' the 
commanding officer, produced a variety of diseases, that could 
not be successfully combated by the most skillful medical men. 
Unless the Eegimental Surgeon was assisted and sustained by 
the hearty co-0])eration of his Commander, he generally worked 
to little purpose. 

Col. Ilatton, as is well known, entered the Camp of Instruc- 
tion — undrilled, himself — in command of a regiment of raw, 
undisciplined volunteers, ignorant of the duties of soldiers, and 
unused to discipline of any kind. The duties devolving upon 
the commander of such a regiment would have taxed, to their 
utmost, the energy and skill of a veteran West Pointer. He had 
first to learn his own duties, and then teach his regiment, and, 
at the same time, to keep himself familiar with the duties and 
dealings of his regimental officers. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 437 

Notwithstanding these various and pressing demands upon 
his time and talents, Col. Hatton never lost sight of the fact, 
that the efficiency of his regiment depended, very materially, 
upon the rigid enforcement of all-important sanitary regula- 
tions. The police of Quarters and Hospital, attention to clean- 
liness of person and clothes ; and, in fact, everything that per- 
tained to the comfort, convenience and health of his command, 
were, at all times, under his searching eye, and made particular 
objects of his careful inspection. 

While onerously taxed with drill, discipline and camp regu- 
lations, he found time to advise with, and means to supply the 
demands of, his Eegimental Surgeon; and thus enabled him to 
exercise his skill and energy, in the best possible direction, for 
the comfort and good of the sick. The result of this combined 
effort, on the part of the Eegimental Commander, with the Sur- 
geon, was, that, while other regiments had their grave-yards at 
Camp Trousdale, the Seventh Tennessee, numbering nearly a 
thousand men, remained in camp about two months, and then 
moved, by rail and foot, six or seven hundred miles — part of the 
way over mountains of West Virginia — without losing a man 
from disease. Our first grave-yard was made on Valley Moun- 
tain. 

Not only did Col. Hatton's laudable ambition, to excel as a 
military man, prompt him to labor for the discipline and health 
of his command, but his kind heart moved him to acts of gen- 
tleness and familiar intercourse with the sick, that was unusual 
with officers of his rank. 

Late at night, long after the camp was hushed in repose, this 
zealous, kind hearted, christian officer, would make his visits to 
the Hospital, to see that nurses were on post, and that the med- 
ical officer had made the proper disposition for the comfort of 
the sick during the night, and, if he thought it necessary, he 
would call up a medical man, at such hour, and require him to 
visit the Hospital. 

His visits to the Hospital, with words of comfort to the sick, 
and cheer for the convalescents, as well as the social intercourse 
with his regiment, were such, that, while he was respected and 
admired for his soldierly qualities, each man regarded him as his 
j)articular friend. 



438 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

Most of our Confederate commanders paid especial attention 
to the sick department early in the war, when soldiering was a 
new thing, and popular favor was at a premium. Some of them 
did their duty, nobly, bravely, during their whole career, but, 
with a few exceptions, their care for the hygiene of the camp, 
and attention to the requirments of the sick, did not last as long 
as the tinsel on their new uniforms. If the Surgeon was a 
sober, industrious, conscientious man, he did his duty as best 
he could, under the circumstances. If he neglected his duty, 
he did it with impunity, as the Colonels in most regiments j)aid 
no attention to the regulations of the Medical Department. 

The disgraceful revels of regimental and medical officers of 
the Confederate Army, over the poor pittance of alcoholic stimu- 
lants issued by the Government, for the use of the sick, was the 
rule, and not the exception. 

Thousands of soldiers died from want of proper medical 
attention. Many of them died for want of stimulants, while 
the Surgeon, the Colonel and his Staif, were drinking up the 
hospital whisky over a game of poker. Not so, however, 
with the lamented Hatton. When the show and frolic of the 
first few months of camp life was changed into war with its 
sad realities, its increase of duties and responsibilities, whether 
on the march, in camp, or tentless bivouac, manaced by danger, 
suifering from cold or hunger, he was, under all circumstances, 
and at all times, the same indefatigable, zealous soldier and 
christian gentleman, with the good of his country and the wel- 
fare of his men, constantly at heart. 

Thus it was thi'ougout his whole career as a Confederate offi- 
cer. No task was too arduous, no sacrifice of personal comfort 
too great, to be made for his country, or his men. 

One of the first objects of his attention, after his promotion 
to the rank of Brigadier-General, was the proper organization 
and equipment of the Medical Department. The Senior Sur- 
geon of the brigade was required to procure ambulances and 
medical supplies, and to equip and prepare his department for 
the terrible campaign, that was about to open on us. No brig- 
ade in the army of Northern Virginia was better supplied with 
medicines, or in any respect, better prepared to take cai'c of the 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 439 

sick and •wounded, than the Tennessee Brigade, during the short 
time it was under command of General Hatton. Much of that 
preparation was due to his co-operation with the Senior Sur- 
geon of the brigade. 

The few gallant men of the Tennessee Brigade who survived 
the war, will sustain me in saying, that the loss of General Hat- 
ton, was to us, irreparable. The day that lost to us and to his 
country, the services of our gallant chieftain and friend, with 
many others of Tennessee's noblest and bravest sons, was one of 
the saddest I have ever witnessed. 

His acts of kindness and generosity, and his care for the sick 
soldier, as well as his deeds of gallantry and daring, will ever 
be remembered and cherished by the survivors of his brigade. 

Yery respectfully, &c. 

J. L. FiTE. 



The following sketch from the pen of an intimate and valued 
friend, is added : 

THE LATE GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. * 

[The following article, on the late lamented General Hatton, ^yas written by his 
life-long and bosom friend, Rolfe S. Saunders, Esq,, at the time, one of the Editors 
and Proprietors of "The Memphis Daily Cojnmcrcial," and published in that journal 
on the 19th November, 1865.— The Author.] 

" Brief, brave, and gallant, was his young career!" 
Amid the countless number of brave and gallant spirits who 
fell in the gigantic struggle thi'ough which we have so recently 
passed — a contest that startled the civilized world, shocked hu- 
manity, convulsed the nation, and filled the land with mourn- 
ing and desolation and ruin, — but few, indeed, caused a deeper 
thrill of anguish and regret to flow through the whole vast ex- 
tent of his acquaintance and friends, than the death of the 

* The subject of this sketch, was the early companion and bosom friend of one of 
the Editors of The Commercial, Avho, whilst he oft'ers this humble tribute to his mem- 
ory, believes it M'ill be as acceptable to the public as it is gratifying to him in offer- 
ing it, only regretting the tribute is not more worthy of the subject.— Editors Com- 
mercial. 



440 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

gifted, gallant, and lamented General Eobert Hatton. This sad 
event cast a gloom over his native and loved Tennessee, — and 
throughout the wide expanse of his acquaintance elsewhere. — 
which caused a spontaneous wail of sorrow to flow from thous- 
sands of hearts who loved him as a man, and had watched, 
with an abiding interest, the rapid advancements he had made 
in the pathway to honor and distinction. 

jS"ow that the strife is over, and the issues forever set at rest 
by the arbitrament of the sword, and the result acquiesced in 
by all the good and true men of the country, no one can justly 
look with disfavor uj)on an humble tribute to the noble worth 
— to the lofty qualities of mind and heart, of Eobert Hatton ; 
for, of him, truly may it be said, 

" None knew him but to love him, 
Nor named him but to praise." 

Like nearly all of the public men of this countrj^, who have 
made their impress upon the times, Robert Hatton was born of 
humble parentage. His father was a Methodist preacher — a 
man of sti'ong, good sense, high character as a minister, and of 
eminent usefulness in the church ; but like most men of that 
calling, he was in humble circumstances in life, and conse- 
quently, his son had to battle his way through the world. As 
thus with most men who rise to distinction, was developed that 
self-reliance, nervous energy and dauntless intrepidity of pur- 
pose, which, in after life, distinguished him. By close applica- 
tion to study, and untiring energ}'', he made himself a thorough 
scholar, for one of his years, teaching school at intervals, to 
procure the necessary means, and after graduating with the 
first honors at Cumberland University, was, for several ses- 
sions. Tutor in that institution. He then entered the Law De- 
partment of the same University, founded by that great legal 
mind of the South, Hon. Ab. Canithers, and graduated, again 
bearing off the first honors; after which he located perma- 
nently in Lebanon, and chose it as the field in which to try his 
fortunes in the legal profession. The bar at this place, at that 
time, was composed of some of the first lawyers in the country. 
Eobert L. Caruthers, who enjoyed a national reputation as a 
statesman and a jurist, and whose splendid talent and genius, 



LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 441 

and great moral worth, slione with undiminished luster in the 
council halls of the nation, in the palmy days of the Eepublic, 
and adorned the Suj)reme Bench of Tennessee, when the judi- 
ciary of our State commanded the first order of ability, was 
then at the head of the bar with a full practice. Judge John 
S. Brien, Hon. Jordan Stokes, Hon. William L. Martin, Judge 
Jo. C . Guild, Hon. Charles Eeady, and Col. John K. Howard — 
bright galaxy in the legal sky of Tennessee — were all practic- 
ing at the same bar. But nothing daunted, young Hatton 
launched his untried bark in this sea of strife, where he would 
have to encounter the first legal talent in the State, and braved 
that theatre of action for success. Young as he was, and ad- 
verse as were the circumstances against which, as a poor, un- 
known youth, he had to contend, his ability, diligence and at- 
tainments, soon obtained for him an extensive practice ; and 
within a few brief years, in a large circuit of counties in which 
he attended court, he was engaged on one side of nearly every 
important case. Nothing short of merit, both moral and intel- 
lectual, of a high order, could have won this brilliant and al- 
most unparalleled success. The older lawyers of the bar, all 
respected and esteemed him, while the young members, his 
compeers, cherished for him the sincerest affection and re- 
gard. 

Early in life. General Hatton took a deep interest in political 
affairs, and engaged actively in the discussions of the day. He 
was a Whig of the Henry Clay school, and was a most devoted 
follower, of that illustrious statesman. He took him for a 
model, and in a number of respects, possessed many of his char- 
actei'istics. He had the happy faculty Mr. Clay possessed to 
such an eminent degree, of binding men around him who clung 
to him with an affection which no disaster could thwart or cir- 
cumstance change. 

In 1 852, he was a sub-Elector for his Congressional District, 
on the Scott-Graham ticket, and made considerable character as 
a public speaker. 

In 1855, he was elected to the Legislature from Wilson coun- 
ty, by the largest majority ever given in that county for any 
man, for that position. In the Legislature, though one of 



442 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

the youngest members, and in a body remarkable for the men 
of ability who composed it, he took a stand in the front ranks, 
and was regarded as one of the most prominent, influential, and 
useful members. At the organization of the House of Eepre- 
sentatives, his name was presented by his friends and against 
his remonstrance, as a candidate for Speaker; and in the cau- 
cus, was only defeated a few votes, by Gov. Neill S. Brown. 

In 1856, he was unanimously nominated as Elector on the 
Fillmore-Donelson ticket, for his district, and made a most vig- 
orous, able, and successful canvass, it being the only district in 
the State where the strength of the party was maintained. To 
his efforts in that great contest, was this result chiefly attribu- 
table. He was an ardent admirer of Mr. Fillmore and a warm 
personal friend of Major Donelson, and he entered the contest 
with an energy, zeal, and determination, bent on succcess; 
and had the same canvass been made in the other portions of 
the State, the probability is, Mr. Fillmore would have received a 
decided majority, 

In 1857, he was nominated unanimously, by a State Conven- 
tion of his party, as a candidate for Governor. The party were 
largely in the minority at the time, and he was defeated. He 
was only a little past thirty-one years old, when he received this 
nomination — an honor never conferred in this State, upon any 
man, of that age, except in the single instance of the lamented 
James C. Jones. General Hatton made a thourough canvass of 
the State, and achieved the reputation of a well informed pol- 
itician, a quick and ready debater, and a most courteous and 
eloquent speaker. He surj^assed the expectation of his friends, 
and by his bold, eloquent and manly speeches, won the respect 
and admiration of his political o^jponents. 

In 1859, he was unanimously nominated for Congress, against 
Hon. Charles Eeady, who had been elected and re-elected by 
overwhelming majorities. In that canvass. General Hatton 
displayed such masterly ability and enei'gy, and inspired his 
friends with such enthusiasm, that he was elected by near two 
thousand majority ! It was, probably, the best contested race 
that had taken place in thej^dislrict since the memorable can- 
vass between John Bell, with Felix Grundy, and Eobert 31. 



LIVE or GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 443 

Burton. It was one of the greatest political victories ever won 
in a State memorable for its party conflicts ; and it Avas such a 
contest as would necessarily mark the victor as a man of no in- 
considerable merit or ordinary capacity. 

In Congress, he took a high position for a young member ; as 
an evidence of which he was placed by a Speaker opposed to 
him in politics, in the very important position of Chairman, of 
the Committee on Naval Affairs. He made a most useful and 
active member, looking vigilantly, after the interests of his con- 
stitutents, and zealous and watchful of the cause' of the Consti- 
tution and the Union, which were ever near and dear to his 
heart. 

In the patriotic efforts of the union members to bring about 
an amicable adjustment of the sectional and political differences 
that were dividing and distracting the country, he acted a 
prominent and influential part. Eesolutely, nobly and gallant- 
ly, to the very last hour of that turbulent session, did he, 
with President Johnson, then in the Senate, Crittenden, Doug- 
lass, Etheridge, Nelson, and others, struggle to effect this great 
consummation, and give peace to the nation, stability to the 
Constitution, and perpetuity to the Union. 

The speech delivered by him in Congress during that session, 
abounded in the strongest appeals to the better judgment and - 
nature of men, and in withering reproach of the actors and 
measures which he believed dangerous to the best interests of 
the common country. At the close of this session he returned 
home, and addressed his constituents, who were eager to listen 
to his counsels and advice in that dark hour of our country's 
gloom. It was about the last union speech made in his dis- 
trict, preceding the breaking out of the war. He dearly loved 
the Union, and gloried in the extent, progress, power, and 
majesty of the American nation ; and he inspired his constitu- 
ents with the same patriotic sentiment and wish that sectional- 
ism might be crushed, our national troubles averted, and the 
Union, in all of its parts, preserved unimpaired, forever. He 
was among the last of the union men in the border States, to 
give up the hope that the strife of sections and conflict of fac- 
tions, would pass away, civil war be averted, and the country 



444 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

saved. With resolution, and all the power and energy he pos- 
sessed, did he steadfastly oppose every measure and movement 
looking to a divided country ; with a hopeful heart and elo- 
quent voice, did he labor and plead for a policy that would 
avert the horrors and devastations of civil war, and preserve 
peace. He had never been a sectional man. No man abhorred 
sectionalism more than he did. No man loved the Union of 
our fathers with jjurer or truer devotion ; but when this strug- 
gle came — when the first blow was struck, he believed it severed 
the Union forever ; and in his opinion, honestly entertained, 
however mistaken in judgment, he was, — he believed, the best 
and only hoj)e of the South, and the whole country, was, to se- 
lect a choice of the evils jji-esented, and separate with as little 
difficulty as possible, and become two great nations instead of 
risk the chances of an annihilated and ruined country, rent with 
feuds — distracted and divided into petty governments, of which 
Mexico furnishes the mournful example. He believed, with 
Senator Douglas, that '■'■war was disunion,'' and after it had once 
been commenced, — however much he deprecated the state of 
affairs, — he did not believe the Union could survive the contest 
and the American people ever become reconciled to live together 
again in peace and iinity. He looked at the facts as he believed 
them to exist — not as he would have them ; and, however great 
his mistake, as subsequent events have developed, his opinions 
were honestly entertained ; and carrying them out, he was act- 
uated by the highest impulses of patriotism and principle. 
And in entertaining this oj^inion, he was not alone ; for many 
of the ablest statesmen in the North and South, whose love and 
devotion to the Union were not to be questioned, believed as he 
did ; and at that early hour of the great struggle could not see a 
ray of hope to light up the impenetrable gloom that hung as a 
pall of destruction over our beloved country. But when the 
great conflict came ; when his predictions seemed to fail ; his 
hopes appear blasted ; and the countiy was " precipitated" by 
the demons of sectionalism, and the eternal enemies of liberty, 
law and order, into the bloody whirlpool of civil strife, he 
joined his fortunes with his people of the South, and raised one 
of the finest regiments in either service. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 445 

By close attention to military tactics, he soon made himself 
an efficient officer, and brought his command to excellent dis- 
cipline. He was soon called with his command to Virginia, 
where they passed through some of the most eventful scenes of 
the war, and endured hardshijjs and privations of the most fear- 
ful character. It was, during these scenes and trials, that Gen. 
Ilatton gained the deep love which his men cherished for him. 
He forgot his own personal comfort and safety in promoting 
theirs. For his intrej)id valor, he was promoted, on the field of 
battle, to a Brigadier General's command ; but they lost him 
long before their trials and troubles were over. At the ever- 
memoi-able and hai'd-fought battle of Seven Pines, May 31st, 
18G2, he was killed instantly, by a shell, while gallantly leading 
such a charge as would have added luster to the fame of Mar- 
shal Ney. A distinguished officer was present and witnessed 
the scene, and pronounced him " the bravest man he had ever seen 
in battle." Thus fell, in the prime of life and full vigor of glo- 
rious manhood, one of the foremost young men of the nation, 
mourned and lamented and honored, as few of his age have 
been, in this, or in any other age, or country. 

Few public men in this country rose so rapidly to positions of 
honor and distinction, and few, indeed, had so bright a prospect 
in the future. He had set his mark high, and with a brave, 
stoxit heart, and noble resolve, which no obstacle could thwart, 
or misfortune dampen, he was rapidly working up to the goal 
of his ambition ; and had he lived, the great contest, in which 
he had given all his energies of mind and soul, would doubtless 
have furnished the theatre where history would have crowned 
him among the brightest heroes of the great struggle ; and the 
future annals of the country, have been radiant with his splen- 
did achievements in the council halls of the nation. His 
noble character, his kind and generous heart, his open, frank 
and manly nature, 

" a soul of courage all compact," 

made him a favorite wherever known, and bound around him 
troops of friends who loved him with an affection and remem- 
brance, never to be diminished or forgotten. 

Brave, gallant, generous, noble Kobert Hatton ! Thy pure 



446 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

spirit hath departed from the walks of men, and been wafted on 
high to the bosom of thy God ; but the tender and endearing 
recollection of thee, will remain fresh and green forever, and 
thy name will live and be cherished, 

" When marble moulders, and when records fail!" 



The following report of the proceedings had, on the occasion 
of the burial of General Hatton, is from the Lebanon Herald, 
of the 24th March, 1866 : 

BUEIAL OF GENEEAL EOBEET HATTON. 



IMPOSING CEREMONIES. 

Yesterday was a day that will long be remembered by the 
citizens, young and old, of Lebanon. It was the occasion of 
the burial of all that was mortal, of General Eobert Hatton, the 
statesman, patriot and hero. 

General Hatton was killed in the memorable charge, on the 
Nine Mile Eoad, at the battle of Seven Pines, on the 31st day 
of May, 1862, while gallantly leading the Tennessee Brigade. 
Perhaps no man in the Confederacy had so endeared himself to 
his command ; and, as will be readily supposed, his loss was 
almost irreparable. 

Notwithstanding the inclemency of the weather, yesterday, 
crowds, from all parts of the county, began to collect, at an 
early hour. We also noticed a great many j)ersons, from other 
parts of General Hatton's district. 

The Odd Fellows, of which Order General Hatton was a Past 
Grand Master, conducted the funeral service, in their usual im- 
pressive and solemn manner. A large delegation from all the 
Lodges in Nashville accompanied the remains to this place; 
among them, we noticed the following officers of the Grand 
Lodge and Grand Encampment. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 447 

Most Worthy Grand Master, O. F. Prescott, of Memphis. 
Most Worthy Grand Patriarch, J. L. Weakley, of Nashville. 
Most Worthy Grand Secretary, R. H. Barry, of J^ashville. 
Most Worthy Grand Treasurer, E. Thompson, of jS'ashville. 
Most AVorthy Grand Marshal, Jas. H. Collins, of Nashville. 
Most Worthy Grand Guardian, George Seiferle, of Nashville. 
Eight Worthy Grand Junior Warden, George F. Fuller; and 
many other distinguished gentlemen. 

The following gentlemen acted as Pall-Bearers : 

Past Grand Patriarch, Eobert Thompson. 

Past Grand Patriarch, James T. Bell. 

Most Worthy Grand Patriarch, Jo. L. Weakley. 

Chief Patriarch, H. W. Burtoff. 

P. G. John F. Hide, P. G. George F. Fuller, 

" T. J. Hopkins, " W. C. Turner, 

" Stephen Dubler, " Charles Arthur, 

" F. A. Faller, " J. W. Gleaves, 

" Frank Ateiner, " F. Harmon, 

" W. P. Phillips, " John H. Burke, 

" E. T. Fleming, " John H. Currey. 

J. H. Collins, Esq., of Nashville, Grand Marshal, assisted by 
I, P. Cox and J. H. Martin, of this place, officiated as Marshals 
of the Day. 

At 10 o'clock, the body was conveyed from his late residence, 
on West street, to the Methodist Church, where an eloquent 
and powerful funeral oration was delivered by Eev. Dr. Baldwin, 

After the funeral oration, the body was again placed in the 
hearse, and followed by a large concourse of citizens to the 
grave-yard; and buried by his brethren, of the mystic-tie. 
Bequiescat in pace." 

We find the following graphic description of the ceremonies 
had on the occasion of the final interment of the mortal re- 
mains of the late General Hatton, at Lebanon, in the Nashville 
Bepublican Banner, of the 27th of March, 1866, by its young 
and gifted correspondent, Dr. E. L. C. White: 



448 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 



Funeral Obsequies of Robert Hatton — An Affecting Incident — The 
Eulogy — The Grave — The Concourse of Citizens, etc., etc. 

Lebanon, Tenn., 

March 25, 1866. 
Friday was a day long to be remembered by the people of 
Wilson county. On that day, the mortal remains of her favorite 
son, whom, five years before, she sent forth to battle, at the 
head of a thousand of her bravest and best, were consigned to 
their last repose, within her borders. How sad the contrast — 
five years ago, on a beautiful morning in May, his lithe form, 
erect and manly, and his noble countenance radiant with ani- 
mation and high resolve, while the sound of martial music 
swelled upon the air, and the loved ones left behind, amid min- 
gled smiles and tears, waved a fond farewell to him and his 
comrades — Eobert Hatton left his home. To-da}', while the 
tear-stained cheek of woman, and the saddened countenance of 
the sterner sex, bespoke the grief which was too deep for words, 
and the heavens, clad in sable, seemed to weep in union, amid 
the solemn tolling of funeral bells, and the melancholy sound of 
mufiled drums, all that is mortal of Eobert Hatton, was laid be- 
neath the sod. And now, alas ! 

" His share of tlie pomp that flUs 
The circuit of his native hiUs, 
Is, that his grave is there V 

The remains of General Hatton, Avhich were exhumed and 
transported to Nashville, under the immediate supervision of 
Maj. T. H. Bostick, formerly of his Staff, reached that city on 
the 22d. After lying in state at Odd Fellows' Hall, they were 
conveyed to Lebanen, on the 23d, accompanied by a delega- 
tion from each of the different Lodges of Odd Fellows, in 
Nashville, General Hatton having been a member of that Fra- 
ternity. The funeral cortege was escorted to the edge of the 
city, by a large concourse of citizens, in addition to the Odd 
Fellows, who were present in a body. 

When the procession reached Lebanon, it halted at the outer 
edge of the town, for the purpose of forming. Just here, a 



LIFE OF OENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 449 

veiy pathetic and affecting incident occurred. A bright-eyed 
little boy, about five years old, the son of a Confederate oflScer 
who was killed at Franklin, and whose widowed mother re- 
sides near the spot where the cortege had stopped, ran up to the 
hearse, and, with the big tears rolling down his cheeks, ex- 
claimed : "Let me see my pa! Oh, please let me see my pa!" 
When this incident was related by the Minister, during the ser- 
vices at the church, on Friday, there was scarcely an eye in the 
house unwet Avith tcai s. 

At an early hour on Friday, although the weather was ex- 
ceedingly disagreeable, the town began filling rapidly with 
people, from the surrounding country. Many persons, including 
even women, were observed, who had evidenty walked miles 
through the mud, to be present at the ceremonies. To one who 
knew Bob Hatton, and knew how the people of Wilson county 
worshiped him, it was not a matter of surprise that no inclem- 
ency of the weather could deter them from coming to pay the 
last sad tribute of respect to the memoiy of the man they loved 
so well. Among them, were the grey-haired men and women, 
who had known Bob Hatton, in his boyhood — had loved him, in 
his youth, and honored him, in his riper manhood ; while hero 
and there, were those whose war-scarred forms and empty 
sleeves, spoke with silent eloquence of the many fields, on which 
they had followed where he led. 

The Methodist church, at which the services, on Friday 
morning, were held, was filled to its utmost capacity. Every 
seat was occuj)ied, and the galleries and vestibule were crowded. 
The services there were beautiful, appropriate, and very im- 
pressive. After a suitable hymn, by the congregation, and an 
introductory prayer, by Dr. Kelley — which for pathos and 
beauty, I have never heard excelled — the funeral discourse 
(from Micah vii: 8, 9, 10,) was delivered by Rev. S. D. Baldwin, 
D. D., of Nashville. To those who have heard the eloquence 
of this Boanerges, it is unnecessary to say more than that the 
sermon delivered on this occasion was worthy, alike of its dis- 
tinguished author and of its illustrious subject. This sermon, 
in connection with the eloquent eulogy prouunced on the same 
subject, in this place, some weeks since, form Hatton's most fit- 
29 



450 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATToN. 

ting epitaph; his noblest cenotaph is the hearts that enshrine 
his memor}". 

After the ceremonies of the Church were concluded, the pro- 
cession was re-formed, and the remains were escorted to the 
Cemetery, one mile from town. Notwitstanding the fact that 
the ground was so wet and muddy as to render walking ex- 
ceedingly disagreeable, and a cold March rain fell continu- 
ously, the funeral cortege was the largest ever witnessed in 
Lebanon. Citizens of all classes, without regard to political 
opinions, seemed to vie with each other in paying every mark of 
respect to the memory of the illustrious dead, and to testify 
their appreciation of the virtues and noble qualities which ren- 
dered Bob Hatton " the most popular man that ever lived in 
Wilson county." 

An interesting feature of the procession was the little black 
mare of General Hatton, led by Jerry, the faithful negro who 
had been his servant in the army. As the beautiful animal 
was led slowly along, she seemed almost conscious of the solem- 
nity of the occasion, and to feel the loss of the gallant form 
which she used to bear so proudly in the field. 

At the Cemetery, the ceremonies, which were conduced by 
the Odd Fellows, in accordance with the prescribed ceremonials 
of that Fraternity, were beautiful and impressive. At least, 
one thousand persons were present at the interment; and the 
decorous and respectful manner in which they witnessed the 
ceremonies, gave unmistakable evidence of the esteem and affec- 
tion with which they regarded him whose mortal remains 
were being consigned to the earth. 

Among all those, whom the red hand of death has taken from 
our midst, within the past five years, none held a dearer place 
in our hearts, than Eobert Hatton. The State, which gave him 
birth, and which he loved and served so faithfully — the county, 
whose political idol he was — the community, of which he was 
one of the most valuable citizens — the Church, of which ho 
was a faithful and consistent member — his friends, of whom 
those who knew him best loved him most — will ever cherish 
the memory of Eobert Hatton, with fondest and tendercst recol- 
lections. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 451 

The proceedings had in the Lebanon Lodge of I. 0. O. F., 
on 31st March, 1866, and of which General Hatton was a mem- 
ber, are as follows : 

At a meeting of Magnolia Lodge, l^o. 30, I. 0. 0. F., at Leb- 
anon, Tennessee, a committee was appointed, composed of Thos. 
H. Bostick, B. Gr. Seawell, and B. J. Tarver, to prej^arc, for the 
Lodge, a suitable expression of its appreciation of our late wor- 
thy brother and Past Grand Master, Robt. Hatton, and, there- 
upon, the following was submitted and adopted : 

A good and great man has fallen, and our brotherhood has 
lost one of its brightest ornaments. "We will not comj)lain at 
the rulings of Providence. Our brother has gone upward to a 
higher Lodge than this, where peace and goodness and charity 
prevail forever ; but he has left to us his noble example of 
fidelity to the great object of our fraternity, and of christian 
charity and benevolence to all the world Upright and just to 
all men, ingenuous and full of truth, his escutcheon here is as 
fair as the spotless badge he wore with such distinguished honor. 
A shadow has fallen upon us, and deep sadness represses the 
utterance of our lips ; but we know that, beyond shadows and 
sadness, our brother has passed from Master here, to the pres- 
ence of the Most High. May the mantle of his exalted purity 
of character descend upon us; and may the spirit of our broth- 
er, that hath inspired us here, and like a ministering angel 
borne the burthen of us all, hover over us still. His mortal re- 
mains have just reached their last home under the immediate 
direction of our Fraternity ; and while we have around his 
grave given him the honors of our brotherhood, it is proper that 
we shall declare to the world that he was eminently devoted to 
the great purposes of our Order — that he was noble and virtu- 
ous — true to his friends ; that he was brave as he was chivalrous ; 
that he was a hero in the cause of truth ; a friend to the op- 
pressed everywhere, and a lover of his country. 

To the Church and State a bright light is gone forever, and a 
life of high achievements is ended, the exhalted virtues of 
which are worthy of commemoration in the hearts of all his 
countrymen. To the friends and relations who mourn him ; to 



452 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

the wife of his bosom and the children of his love, we offer the 
sympathy of all our hearts. 

Upon motion it was 

Resolved, That Magnolia Lodge tender to the Most Worthj- 
Grand Master of the State, and the other visiting brethcren, 
who assisted in the obsequies of our late brother Eobt. Hatton, 
the warm thanks of the Lodge, and of all the friends of the 
deceased, for their friendly offices. 

Besolved, That our thanks are due also to the agents of the 
Southern Express Company at Knoxville, and of the Adams 
Express Company, at Nashville, for the liberality evinced b}' 
them in forwarding, free of charge, the remains of our deceased 
brother over the East Tennessee and Nashville & Chattanooga 
Eailroads. 

And be it further resolved, That the foregoing tribute of res- 
pect, together with these resolutions, be published in the Leba- 
non and Nashville pajDcrs ; and that a copy of the same be fur- 
nished the widow of the deceased, and spread upon the minutes 
of the Lodge. 

J. T. Cox, Secretary. N. Tolliver, N. G. 



"We conclude with the following extract from an Oration bj' 
Geo. A. Howard, Adjutant of the 7th Tennessee Eegiment, 
delivered at Lebanon, January 24, 18G6 : 

And now begins what may be regarded as the most distin- 
guished portion of the career of this remarkable man; from the 
halls of the American Congress he stepped into the arena of 
the sword, distinguishing himself no less in the one than in the 
other. The session of the 3Gth Congress was in a day of wild 
political excitement, which has left a memory that will not soon 
be forgotten by even the younger members of this assemblage. 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON, 453 

The undefined rnnioi' of war was abroad in the land, defiance 
and hate were hurled from one end of the Union to the other, 
while the dream of blood brooded in the hearts of men. 
. The minds of all men were unquiet in that fearful transition. 
The great pi-oblera of self-government was again about to be 
submitted to the severest test. The engendered hate of three- 
quarters of a century of conflicting intei-ests and opinions, was 
fast culminating into an ojjen conflict between a people who had 
inherited a common glory from the past, and who had ere while, 
basked in the sunshine of a prosperity which they but little 
appreciated. Brought up in the school of true conservatism,' 
with a mind highly trained for one so young, G-en. Hatton saw, 
with astonishment, in the beginning of his Congressional career, 
the madness of the maturer men, who were plotting on either 
side, to destroy from the very foundation, the inherent rights 
of thirty millions of happy and prosperous people. Naturally 
of an ardent and impulsive temperament, many were surprised 
that they did not lead him to espouse the cause of the extrem 
ists of his own section, but the severe lessons of his early man 
hood had so tempered these qualities of his mind, that he stood 
there, amid older men, calm, temj)erate, deliberate, a historical 
picture of noble courage and wisdom, worthy of a place along 
side the greatest men of any age. 

In vain he counseled forbearance and magnanimity on the 
part of the party then in power ; in vain he urged his breth- 
ren of the extreme South to cling, in that hour of peril, to their 
chartered rights ; in vain he called upon the men of his own 
views and opinions to stand between the mad parties who were 
already combatants. The waters were out, and the floods were 
fast washing away the crumbling foundation on which he stood. 
In the agony of his great heart he reminded them " that while 
we obtained oiTr liberties in one revolution Ave may lose them 
in another." Full well he knew that we were few in number 
and must stand alone ; full well he knew that the promised aid 
from other peoples would never come ; full well he knew that 
the country of his own people would be the arena for contend- 
ing armies ; that her plains would be desolate, her towns and 
villages sacked and given to the flames ; and that mourning 



454 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

and sorrow would be in our land. Had these counsels prevailed, 
and our noble EeiDresentative had governed and controlled the 
destinies of this nation in that hour of peril, how many are 
there now who would rise up to bless him in these evil times. 
One of his last letters from Washington, addressed to his for- 
mer preceptor, that distinguished gentleman and scholar, Dr. 
N. Lawrence Lindsley, deprecated the impending struggle, but 
even then foreshadowed the course that he would pursue when 
the storm broke upon our land. He had made his last effoi't in 
behalf of conciliation and compromise. He had fulfilled the 
high trust committed to him ; and returning to his constituents, 
he told them that the fair temple which had been the theme of 
story and of song, and the admiration of the world, was fast 
crumbling to decay. The conflict had already begun — his com- 
rades who had so generousl}^ supported him were stripping for 
ihe fight ; with him blood was thicker than water, and he de- 
clared that the strength of his own right arm should be given 
to his people. No fine-spun theories nor hesitating doubts, nor 
sense of personal danger, curbed his fiery soul ; in the hour of 
their danger he stept boldly forward to be their leader still. 
He was born a soldier and heaven had marked him for 
command. Delicate in his physical proportions, his spirit 
made him capable of the greatest endurance ; his impulsive 
nature, he subjected to the severest discipline; strictly obe- 
dient to the orders of his own superiors, it was an exam- 
ple which no man could disregard. Many feared that he would 
be rash in action, but in an emergency of the greatest danger, and 
peril, he was so calm and deliberate, that even the tones of his 
voice were as sweet and low as a woman's, but determined, 
without a tremor, and full of inspii'ation. The history of his 
Company, his Eegiment, his Brigade, is well known to you all. 
They were composed of your sons and brothers, and how anx- 
iously did you watch their every step, through all the struggles 
of our great revolution; from the morning of the twentieth of 
Ma}', 1861, when they left you witli buoyant hearts, and noble 
emulation, until the day, that, with ranks thinned by more than 
thirty pitched battles, they stood a devoted band, by our noble 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 455 

chieftain, Gen. Lee, when his little army was overpowered by 
the combined legions of our enemies. 

I feel that abler hands than mine could not do justice to Gen. 
Hatton's history as a soldier. His spirit and courage belonged 
to the age of chivalry. The survivors of his old regiment all 
well remember the speech he made us at Huntersville, Va., at 
the commencement of our first campaign, in which he said 
that he would rather that his bones should bleach upon the 
mountain sides, at whoso base he stood, than ever return to his 
home with the slightest stain upon his honor, or the slightest 
blemish upon his escutcheon. His first campaign was the ever 
memorable one in the mountains of Western Virginia. Gen. Lee, 
was in command, and a warm friendship, soon arose, between 
these noble christian soldiers. He next followed the fortunes 
of our glorious Stonewall Jackson, in his celebrated expeditions 
to Bath and Eomney. It was in the dead of Winter, but his 
spirit never, for an instant, flagged; and on a bleak, cold night, 
in the month of January, he led his men to the banks of the 
Potomac — the sti'eam filled with floating ice — and but awaited 
the command to march through it, and attack the enemy upon 
their own soil. 

Wherever he was placed, Hatton was kno\vn to his leaders; 
and whenever courage, energy and celerity of movement were 
requisite, Hatton was called for. He first joined the Army of 
Northern Virginia at Yorktown, just before General Johnston 
retired upon Eichmond. In that celebrated movement, for the 
first time in command of a brigade, he was assigned to the post 
of honor; and so satisfactorily did he jjerform his duty, that 
ere we had reached tlie vicinity of the Capital, the President 
had tendered him the ai^pointment of Brigadier-General. He 
received his commission in May, 1862; and at sunset, upon the 
last day of that month, he fell, while heroically discharging his 
duty, in his first great battle. 

"It is proper that such a mind should thus glide from these 
scenes of worldly trouble. It is just that a bright exhalation, 
which has shone so brilliantly, should disappear thus suddenly, 
ere it begins to fade — that the fire of so noble an intelligence 
should not diminish, and gradually and slowly go out, amid de- 



456 LIFE OP GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

erepitude and physical decay ; but that, like the meteor shoot- 
ing across the heavens, illuminating the earth, it should sink, 
suddenly and forever, into the earth from which it sprung." 
Eminent, as a lawyer, a statesman, and a soldier, we now come 
to view him — a hero still — in the last grand tragedy that closed 
his life. The rains had descended like a flood upon the earth, 
and dark clouds obscured the sun that ushered in the day ujion 
which he died. 

The treacherous Chickahominy, suddenly swollen, spurned 
its banks, and sent its angry waters through field and forest; 
but their roar was unheard and lost, in the great din of that 
conflict which was staining its waters with blood, and ushering 
many a noble soul into the presence of its God. Until a late 
hour, Hatton's bi"igade was held in reserve; and only when the 
fortunes of the day were most doubtful, was he ordered to the 
front. President Davis, General Lee, and noble Joe Johnston, 
were together, on the field ; in their immediate presence. General 
Hatton formed his line, while they anxiously awaited the result 
of his expected charge. Mounted upon a splendid horse, which 
seemed almost inspired with the spirit of his rider, he passed 
along his line, encoux'aging the weak, and securing the confi- 
dence of the most intrepid. In the uncertain light of that 
closing day and smoking field, his gray gabardine and gleaming 
sword marked the way for the line that followed him ; Avhile, 
loud upon the gathering gloom of his last hour, sounded the full, 
round tones of his voice : "Forward, my brave boys, forward !" 
The little field was crossed ; and, struggling through a marsh, 
amongst fallen trees and rank grass, that devoted line passed 
from the view of our noble President and Glorious Chieftans — 
passed, many of them, alas ! from the high achievement of a 
soldier's life to a soldier's glorious grave. 

And it would be unjust, upon this occasion, while we express 
our veneration for him who is the immediate subject of these 
remarks, to omit a most aff'ectionate and grateful mention of 
the brave boys who stood with him, and who, with the same de- 
votion, the same spirit, offered up their lives in the cause which 
they had so heroically espoused. Buford and Beard, the brave 
Mitchell Anderson and Asa Hill, Rufus Doak, Wilnoth, and a 



LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 457 

hundred others, whose memories will be forever green within 
our hearts, sleep with Hatton. Their graves are scattered from 
the green mountains of Western Viginia to the sands of the 
Peninsula. Undisturbed they rest upon the banks of the Eap- 
idan and Eappahannock, and amid the swamps of the Chicka- 
hominy ; and in the fields of the dead, around our devoted city 
of Eichmond, there sleeps many a one of that old Brigade. 
" Gloriously did they die, those who rendered up their souls in 
battle — they fulfilled the highest duty mankind owes to this 
world — they died for their country. They fell upon stricken 
fields, that their own valor had already half won — the earth- 
quake voice of victory was in their ears — I speak the history of 
the battles of Northern Virginia — and their dying gaze was 
proudly turned upon their triumphant flag. Honor, eternal, 
immortal honor, to the brave, who baptised their patriotism with 
their blood," 

Let us now return to the central figure in that fearful battle 
scene. The life that we have traced by the flashing lights of 
honor, which emblazon its every page, now nears its glorious 
climax and its close. Dashing and fearless as was ever mortal 
man, he rides before his men, and cheers them on. His horse 
is slain, and on foot he presses forward. The mystic light of 
evening is lurid with the flash of hostile guns, and the multitu- 
dinous messengers of death are thicker than rain-di-ops in tropic 
showers. Amid that storm, bathed in that lurid light, his slen- 
der form sublimely moves, a moment towers among, then sinks 
between, the surging waves of fire. Upon the glorious field of 
Seven Pines, the patriot hero dies, while his eagle spirit mounts 
the dun clouds of war, to meet the Patriot's God, in peace. Oh, 
how happy, thus to die upon the field of honor — thus to have 
escaped the doubts and troubles of these evil and unsettled 
times. Shrined in a thousand loving hearts, he rests in peace. 
Generation after generation, shall revere his memory, and 
honor his proud name. In hapjDier years to come, his grave 
shall be the Mecca of young ambition and of patriot love; but 
still, we mourn our dead — we mourn our dead. And though 
his open, manly brow is radiant beneath a halo of eternal sun- 
shine ; yet, still, our sad hearts wreathe his memoiy with myrtle, 



458 LIFE OF GENERAL ROBERT HATTON. 

and laurel, and cypress, intermingled. And though we rejoice 
in the purity of his exalted fame, and deem him happier far; 
yet, still, we mourn our dead — we can but moui'n our dead. 

" May the night-dew -which falls, thoug-h in silence it weeps, 
Ever brighten with verdure, the spot where he sleeps ; 
For the tear that we shed, though in secret it rolls, 
Shall long keep his memory green in our souls." 



THE END. 



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